VIEN DIA LY • VIEN KH«CN VIET NAM HOI P I A LY VIET NAM PHAN TICH CHI PHI LOI iCH CAC P H U O N G AN CAI THIEN MOI TRUONG XA DE XUAT CAC GIAI PHAP QUAN LY Ll /U VUC SONG NHUE Vii Hdng Le'''' SUMMARY Acco[.]
VIEN DIA LY ã VIEN K H ô C N VIET NAM HOI P I A LY VIET NAM PHAN TICH CHI PHI - LOI i C H C A C P H U O N G A N CAI THIEN MOI T R U O N G XA DE XUAT C A C GIAI P H A P Q U A N LY L l / U V U C SONG N H U E Vii Hdng Le' SUMMARY According lo the National Environmental Report in 2006, Vietnam has three river basins are going to "die." There are Cau river, Nhue - Day river and Dong Nai river On April 29th 2008 the Prime Minister has approved the "Overall scheme of environmental protection Nhue-Day river basin" Ho^vever, current environmental problems of NhueDay River still unresolved The water quality of IM'O rivers has become polluted at an alarming rale and it is harmful lo human health and the environment Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is a technical unulysis to decide whether or not lo go lo proceed with the project or approve the proposed projects Cost-Benefit Analysis is also used to make the decision lo choose between t^vo or more of Ibe proposed projects .•Inalysis results of die environmental status of river basin and approach cost-benefit anal) sis method for environmental protection projects are the scientific basis to support choosing the environmenlal protection plans or compare the different scenarios in a project DAT VAN DE Phdn tich chi phi - Igi ich (Cost-Benefit Analysis ~ CBA) la mdt ky thuat phan tich de di den quyet djnh cd nen tien hdnh cdc du an da trien khai hay khdng, hay hien tiii cd nen cho trien khai cac du dn dugc de xudt hay khdng Phdn tich chi phi - Igi ich cung dugc dimg de dua quyet djnh lira chgn giira hai hay nhieu cac de xuit ciia dir dn Ngudi ta lien hanh CBA thdng qua viec gan gid trj tien te cho mdi mdt dau vdo cung nhu dau cua du dn Sau dd so sdnh cdc gid trj cua cdc dau vao vd cdc dau Nhu N'cdy neu lgi ich md du dn dem lai cd gid trj Idn bo'n chi phi ma nd lieu tdn, du dn dd se dugc coi la dcdng gid vd nen dugc trien khai Mac dil xudt pbcdl y tudng don gian song thuc te se cd nhieu khd khan de co the lien hanh dugc mdt CBA cd chit lugng Chi don gian la viec xdc djnh dau Id chi phi, dau la lgi ich cung da ddi hdi chimg ta phdi can nbic ky ludng Cung cd thi cd nhieu y kien khac xoay quanh van dl Trong mdt so diu vao, diu cd the cd edc muc gid phd bien vd dn djnh thi mdt sd khac lai cd nuic gid biln doi qua trinh trien khai du dn Vd cd the ed mdt so diu vao, diu kbdng thi dinh lugng ciing nhu an djnh gid trj bang lien vi du nhu edc ylu to chcit lugng mdi trudng Dilu khien cho chimg ta can phai dua nluing phuong phdp djnh gid khac Dai hgc Khoa hgc Tu nhien, DHQG Ha N 01 Hgi nghi Klioa hgc Dia ly Todn quoc ldn t!i&5 - Hd Ngi, 2010 VIEN DIA LY - VIEN K H O C N VIET NAM HGI DIA LY VIET I,'AM Vl TRI VA HIEN TRANG MOI TRU^ONG LUU VlTC SONG NHUE 1.1 Vj (ri dia ly va gidi han Luu VU'C sdng Nhue ed vj the dia ly cpjan trgng chien luge phdt tritin kinh te - \d hgi ciia cd nude, dugc bao bge bdi sdng Hdng d phia ddng vd bac, sdng Ddy d phia lay, sdng Chdu Giang d phia nam, bao gdm dja phiin Thii dd Ha Ndi vd tinh Ma Nam He thdng ed tdng dien lieh lu nhien phan ndm dc la 107.530 dd khodng 72.000 la dit canh ldc, dan so khodng 3.851.000 ngudi So vdi 12 nam trudc (1994) dan sd da tang khodng 896.600 ngudi vdi tdc tang trung binh mdi nam 2.53% Sdng Nhue dugc tinb tu cdng Lien Mac den diem hgp luu vdi sdng Ddy Id cdng Luong Cd (nam ddu thj xa Phii Ly) vdi cbicu ddi chinh khodng 75,9kin Tren doan sdng tiep nhan edc ngudn nude Ihdi vdo tir hai eon sdng chinh la Td Ljch vd Kim Ngu'u tcii dap Thanh Liel, nhdnh phu dd vdo sdng Kim Nguii Id sdng Lu vd sdng Set Phan ldn nude thdi cdng nghiep vd sinh boat tir cdc qudn ndi thdnh phia hu'u ngan sdng Hong deu dd vdo ddng sdng L2 Tinh trang d nhiem mdi trudng luu vuc sdng Nhue Tai sdng Nhue, phdi tieu nude cho thdnh phd Hd Ndi nen nude bi d nhiem nang Sdng Nhue nhiin ngudn thdi vd nwac mua eiia Ha Ndi tdng dien tich luu vuc Id 107.530ha Ket qud phdn tich mau nude tcai Hodng Liet cho tlidy nirdc bj d nhiem qud nang, ham lugng COD trung binh deal tir 180-200mg/l; BOD trung binh dal 100150ing/l vugt qud tii;u chudn A tir 10-20 lan, vugt qud tieu chuan B tu 8-15 ldn Hdm lugng oxy hod tan thap dudi 4,0mg/l, nude cd nidii den dac, ed vdng vd cd miii hdi lanh anh hudng rat ldn ddn mdi trudng khdng Nude tren sdng Nhue tai Phii Ly mac dii nude thdi da dugc pha loang vd tu 1dm sach nhieu lan, bam lugng cac chat da gidm di nhung van khdng dat ticu chuan A Ket qua khdo sdt cho thay bam lugng BOD, COD van vugt qua tieu chuan A tir 1,5-2,2 ldn [3] Sdng Nhue Id sdng me, ticp nhiin SOO.OOOm^ nude thdi mdi ngdy tii bdn sdng thodt nude ciia Hd Ndi: Td Ljch, Kirn Ngiru, Lu, Set Ket qua gidm djnh eiia Vien Quy hoach tluiy Igi, Bd Ndng nghiep vd Phdt trien ndng thdn ebo thay, tai cdn Td, nai nbdn nu'dc thdi ldn nhat tcai sdng Td Lieh, bam lugng cdc chat hda hgc deu vugt gidi ban B (gidi ban ddc hai ciia tieu chuan 5942 - lieu chuan dimg de ddnh gid mirc d nhiem eiia mot ngudn nude mat) nhieu ldn Lugng NOi cd hie deal 0,508 mg/lit (vugt gidi ban B 10 kin); lugng NH4' la 2,005 mg/l (gap ddi gidi bcin B); lugng Coliform, loai vi khudn cd phan tu 110.000 - den 330.000 mpn/IOO ml (vugt qud gidi ban B 33 lin) PH.\N TICH CHI PHI - LOI ICH VA DE XUAT CAC GIAI PHAP B.iO VE MOITRU ONG 2.1 Gioi thieu du an Mot du dn ldn vdi kinh phi 1.500 ty ddng dang dugc Bd Ndng nghiep vd Phdt trien ndng thdn xdy dung de bien 30 km docin sdng Nhue chdy qua Ha Ndi mdt ddi sdng dep lam tam diem pbcdl trien dd thj hai ben bd Cdng trinb la mdt phdn quy hoach tdng the phd dgc theo sdng Nhue ciia Bd Xcdy dung Hai ben sdng se la nhii'iig khu nhd vudn, biet thir, lang sinh thdi hd dieu hda Hai lan dudng dgc theo bd song, rdng 10-14 m, gdp phdn tang cudng giao ihdng vdnh dai Hd Ndi Ngodi ra, Hgi nghi Klioa hgc Dia ly Toan qudc ldn th&5 - Hd Ngi, 2010 959 VIEN DIA LY ' VIEN KHCfCN VIET NAM HOI P I A LY VIET NAM sdng sau nao vet dam bao tudi cho 53.000 cay trdng va tieu thodt nude cho 107.000 xung quanh khu vuc Viec chinh trang dugc thuc hien d doan sdng qua Ha Ndi, vdi chieu ddi hon 30 km tren loan bd sdng 74 km Trong giai doan (nam 2004-2005), cac cdng trinh diu moi nhu cdng Lien Mae (xa Thuy Phuang, huyen Tir Liein) va kenh dan thugng ': luu, luu se dugc gia cd hien dai Giai doan (2005-2010), tien hanh gia cd va chinh trang khu vuc hai bd sdng Udc tinh 1.000 hd dan phai di ddi du an Hiu hit hg dang sinh sdng hcdnh lang bao ve Idng sdng Mdi lo ngai ciia cac chuyen gia lap du dn Id tinb trang d nhiem nude sdng Nhue Do vay song song vdi viec trien khai du dn, ca quan chirc nang phai kiem sodt va xu' ly nude thdi tir edc cira cdng de giam thieu d nhiem mdi trudng sdng Danh gia hien trang, xem xet khd nang ddp ung vd du kien su dung nude sdng tiro'ng lai dugc neu bang Du dn "Gia cd kenh dan cdng Lien Mac vd bd sdng Nhue" dugc thue hien bang von cua Bd Ndng nghiep vd Phdt trien ndng thdn va phd Ha Ndi Chinh quyen Hd Ndi du' kien xin Chinh plui cho dau gid ddt de tao vdn thuc bien dir an Bdng Ddnh gid khd ndng ddp ung muc dich sir dung nude tren luu vuc sdng Nhue TT Doan Chat lu'o'ng Cdng Lien Mac Nuoc nhiem nhe Cau Dien, cau Ha Dong Nude nhiem trung binh 960 Hien trang sii' dung Tudi tieu cho nong nghiep Tudi tieu cho nong nghiep Nudi tliuy san Chua nude thai Cau To, Nude Tudi tieu hu^'en Thanh nhiem cho nong Tri nang nghiep Nudi thiiy san Chira nude thai Dap Thanh Nude Tudi tieu Liet song bi cho ndng nghiep nhiem nang Nudi thuy sdn Chiia nude thai Doan cuoi Nude bj Tudi lieu ciing trudc nhieni cho nong chay vao trung nghiep Du' kien Kha niing dap ung ve sii' dung chat lu'ong cho cac muc dich sii'dung tuong lai Cap nude sir dung cho Tirdi tieu sinh boat va nong nghiep cho ndng thi can phdi xu ly dat tieu nghiep chuan Tudi tieu cho ndng nghiep Nudi trdng thuy san Chiia nude thai Khong dam bao chat Tudi lieu lugng nude de cap cho liit cho ndng ca cac muc dich sir dung nghiep trii' muc dich giao thdng Nudi va chira nude thai thiiy san Chira nude thai Khong dam bdo chat Tudi tieu lugng nude de cap cho tat cho ndng ca cac muc dich sir dung nghiep trii muc dich chua nude Nudi thai thiiy san Chiia nude thai Chat luang nude dal lieu Tudi ticu cho nong chuan cap cho ludi lieu nong nghiep, nuoi nghiep KJiong dam bao chat lugng nude de cap cho tat ca cac muc dich sir dung trii' muc dich giao thdng, nuoi trdng thiiy san va chiia nude thai Giiii phap Che md cong Lien Mac hgp ly de dam bao cap nude cho cac tinh d viing luu Xir ly nude thai dat loai A trudc thai vao song Xir ly nude thai dat loai A trudc thai vao song Xir ly nude thai dat loai A trudc thai vao song Xu ly nude thai dat loai A trudc thai vao song Hgi nghi Klioa hgc Dia ly Todn quoc ldn th&5 -Hd Ngi, 2010 VIEN DIA LY - VIEN KHOCN VIET NAM HOi DIA LY VIET NAM Nuoi lliu>' thu) san giao thong ihiiy sdn va chira nude thai Cap nude cho lang nghi; Chiia nude thai Nude bi Tudi tieu Chat lirong nude dal lieu nhieni cho nong chuan cap cho ludi tieu irung nong nghiep, nuoi nghiep binh Nuoi thuy thiiy san, giao thong ihiiy vd chiia nude thai san Cap nude cho san xuat cong nghiep Cap nude cho king nghe Sinh hoat ciia dan ben song Chiia nude thai Giao thdng thuy dia ban Id binh Nam JlaNam Nuoi thuy sdn Cap nude cho lang nghe Chiia nude thai 1\{6\ ticu cho ndng nghiep Nuoi thuy sdn Cap nude cho san xuat cong nghiep Cap nude cho lang nghe Sinh hoat ciia dan ben song Chira nude thai Giao thdng ihiiy Nu'dc trudc cap clio lang nghe phai dal lieu chuan nude cap Xu ly nude thai dat loai A trudc thai vdo scing Nude trudc cap cho cong nghiep Idng nghe phai dal tieu chuan nude cap Nude cap cho sinh boat can chuyc-n sang sd dung cac ngudn nude khac: nude ngam, nude mua Khu vuc luioi trciiig thuy sail phai cdch xa cac luyen giao thong thiiy trdnh nhiem dau VINH PHUC riifii khu iii>u D;iii-Ho.li'ru Tiou Ithu liouLa Khe T'ou Khu liou rid inar.h I (a NJI HA NOI Thill khu l.iiiiTt^mh Til Tieu khu lieu Hdng V^n Ti!fukhuli6uPhuXuv.in Tic'u khu Imu ung Mod Ti5u khu [idu Kim Diing —"^iTi',—.,- Oap Thanh Liet - Ticu khu ;ieu Du-/ TiC-n HOA BINH ' ,-\-_H^v, i \~VN-J i;-^-;\c3u chioc i_^: Ri.iJi i:jiJiiiiih Kaiih^ii'ihuy^ii \D6ng Quant; i^''^''i.A-i-i''Vi'i-\; Sonf, iiioi DUiiiv^ i:i:io lliun.; ^.^-.^ 4=4i«l- IWU(i IJi^m d:iii cu Kfnhiiiii KOnhh^u ôl ã: MI Iqmboniiuoi I'IJ>MUNIIIII-II n!m,n.ii.:iikOib(i Cong Ll/cJng Co HA NAM //;/;// / So' dd he thdng cdng trinh thiiy lgi sdng Nhue Hgi nghi Khoa hgc Dia ly Todn cfuoc ldn th&5 - Hd Ngi, 2010 961 VIEK BIA LY - VIEN KHf^CN VIET NAM HOI P I A LY VIET NAM 2.2 Chi sd phan tich Kbi da lira chgn mdc thai gian vd he sd chiet khau thich hgp, nhung tinh todn cu thi cd tbi can eii' vao nhieu cdng thirc khcdc Tren ca sd tiep thu ed chgn lgc cdc chi sd phan tich chi phi - lgi ich kinh te da dugc cdc tdc gia va ngoai nude sir dung [2,5,6.7,8], chimg tdi da sir dung ede chi sd neu dudi day de phan tich chi phi - lgi ich ciia du an mdi trudng luu vuc sdng - Gid tri hien thai (present value - PV) ••' Ddi vdi da sd cdc du an, viec phan tich, kiem tra dugc thuc hien bang cdch so sdnh ddng lgi ich vd chi phi theo thdi gian - Gid Iri hicfn rdng (NPV) Cdng thire hay su' dung nhcdt phan tich kinh te la gia trj bien rdng (net present value) ciia mdt du dn Dai lugng xdc dinh gid trj bien rdng chiit khiu ddng lgi ich va chi phi trd ve vdi nam co sd bat dau NPV=y^—'t^(l + r)' - He sd hodn vdn noi lgi (IRR) He sd hoan vdn ndi tai k (Internal Rate of Return - IRR) dugc djnh nghTa nhu la he sd ma qua dd gid trj hien thdi ciia lgi ich vd chi phi bang He sd k thi hien sir hap ddn vd an todn ciia du an Gid tri k cang ldn vdi be sd chiet khau thue tl, du an cdng chae chan cd lai, ca ddi vdi trudng hgp cd lam phdt va be sd r cd thi biln doi den mot muc nhat dinh nbd ban k He sd k dugc xac dinh bdng each suy diin thoa man he thirc sau: Zo(l-^t)' 2.3 Phan tich chi phi - Joi I'ch cac phirong an bao ve moi tru-oinig song Nhue Phdn tich chi phi - lgi ich (Cost - Benefit Analysis) la phuang phdp danh gid kinh te dugc sir dung ddnh gid tac ddng mdi trudng nhim giiip cho vice dua nbiing quyet dinh hgp ly han ve su' dung lau ben cac nguon tai nguyen thien nhien, lam gidm hoac loai bd cdc tdc ddng tieu cue phdt sinh cac chuong trinh phat triln kinh tl xd hdi Phan tich chi phi - lgi ich dugc van dung dl ddi sanh hieu qua xa hdi, mdi trudng ciia phuong an cai tao sdng Nhue * Cac phuong an tinh toan Phuong dn A: gia cd kenh dan va bd sdng P.A-Al: Trudng hgp lu gay ngcip l-2m =>thiet hcai 20% PA-.A2: Trudng hgp lu gay ngap 2-3m =>thiet hai 30% 962 Hgi nghi Kboa hoc Dia ly Todn quoc Idn th&5 - Ha Ngi, 2010 VIEN DIA LY - VIEN KHOCN VIET NAM H O ; D ! A LY VKET NAM Bang Phdn tich chlphi h/l ich cho phuo'ng dn A Chi phi (ty Diing) Loi ich (ty Dong) Gia cd cong Lien Mac va cac kcnh din, Gia co bd song, Di ddi 1000 hg dan, Nao vet long song 1500 Quan ly, van hdnh vd bdo duong sau 20IO(10%/nam) 25 2.083 Dam bao tudi cho 53.000ha, Tieu thodt: 17.000ha (ngap 1-2 111) 2.382 (ngap 2-3 nij Phuong dn B: gia cd kenh dan va bd sdng ket hgp kiem sodt va xir ly nude thai PA-Bl: Trudng hgp lu gdy ngap l-2m =>lliiet hcii 20% PA-B2: Trudng hgp lu gay ngap 2-3m =>thict hai 30% Bdng Phdn tich chlphi lgi ich cho phuo'ng dn B Loi ich (ty Dong) Ciii phi (ty Dong) 3.474.8 (ngap !-2m) 3.774,4 Gia CO cong Lien Mac va cac kcnh dcin, Gia co bd sdng, Di ddi 1000 ho dan, Ncao vet long sdng 1500 Dam bao tudi cho 53.000ha, Tieuthoal: 17.000ha Kicm sodt, xiV ly nude thai vd nang cong suat tram bam 6500 5.141ha nuoi thuy san, 478 trieu 111' nude du tieu chuan cho ndng nghiep nang cao siic klioc cong ddng, canh quan, du ljch Quan ly, van hanh va bdo dudng sau2010(io%/nam) 133 (ngap 2-3ni) Ket qud tinh todn gid trj hien rdng ciia ede phuo'ng dn dugc trinh bdy bdng bieu [hinh 2,3,4,5 ] 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 -Er" 4000 2000 -2000 -4000 B" r^^^X^ ; i ^ —'- *—.-^"-j:— — - " ' —^ -^-r- _~— • - - ^ ^ -^ 20D-1 2005 2006 2007 2006 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 -243 -47S -207 -929 -1145 -1354 319 1944 3521 5053 6S40 7983 9335 10746 12067 13349 2019 2020 14555 -a—r=7,2% -233 -451 -654 -3J3 -1020 -1134 SI 1261 2362 3339 4347 5240 6074 6351 7577 S254 3335 —!» r=12% -223 -423 -600 -759 -901 -1028 -97 734 14 7 2139 2731 3259 3731 4152 4528 4364 5164 I- V -208 -382 -527 -647 -748 -831 -257 222 621 953 1230 1461 1653 1314 1947 2058 2151 Hinh Biiu gid tri hien rong cua phuo'ng dn Al Hgi nghi Klioa hgc Dia ly Todn ijud'c ldn th&5- Hd Ngi, 2010 963 HOI P I A LY VIET NAM VIEN DIA LY - ^'lEN KHfcfCN VIET NAM 20000 isooo -o_ 10000 5000 ^^A^^^^fj^I-^ -5000 —^; —, '< ""[3—B= 200J 2005 200G 2007 2008 2009 2010'2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 —*-r=3-; -24 -47 -70 -92 -11 -13 5G3 242 423 598 768 93.1 125 140 154 1G9 -•-.•=7,2% -23 -45 -r,5 -84 -10 -11 205 IGl 287 405 515 G17 713 802 885 9G2 103 -.•.— 1=12% -22 -42 -GO -75 -90 -10 39 991 184 2G0 327 388 442 490 533 572 GOG r = 20S; -20 -38 -52 -G4 -74 -83 -17 375 832 121 153 179 201 219 235 24 ITmh Bleu gid tri hien rirng ciia phuong dn A2 10000 iriuh Bleu gid tri hien rong ciia phuong dn Bl Hinh Bldn eld gid trj hien rdng cua phuong dn B2 964 Hoi nghi Klioa hgc Dia ly Todn quoc ldn th& - Hd Ngi, 2010 VIEN DIA LY - VIEN KIIfcfCN VIET NA?^ KOI BIA LY VIET NAM rir cdc kel cpia tinh todn eua the nit mdt sd nbdn xet sau: Dir dn dem lai lgi ich cho todn xa hdi cd ddi vdi bach todn tai chinh vd phdn tich chi phi - lgi ieh ed linh idi hieu qud su dung lai nguyen vd mdi Irudng vdi nuic lai suit uu lien (3% ndm) boac vdi iiiue lai sual phd bien ircn thj irudng hien (12% ndm) Day Id uu the cua dii dn, \'i d nude la ciing nhu o nhieu nird'c tren the gidi, cdc du' dn su dimg tdi imiiyen ihini'iig chi cd lai vdi thiyi gian hoan \'dii Idu dirge hu'diig lai siidt uu lien Theo liaeli lodii tdi chinh vdi miie chiet khdu r = 3% nam, Du dn bat ddu cd Igi nhucin lir nam 2010 I.gi nhuan thu dugc Irong todn bg thdi gian boat ddng cua dir dn: NPV = 14595 ty Dong vdi r = 3% 8885 ly Dong vdi r = 7,2% 5164 ly Ddng vdi r = 12% 2151 ty Dong vdi r = 20% Phdn tich chi phi - Igi ich cd tinh den tdc ddng ngo.ai vi ciia du dn cho thiiy: Phuong thirc su dung tdi nguyen nhu hien (PA2) se hodn vdn vd bat dau cd lai Vcdo nam 2012 hdng Igi iiliudn cua cdng trinb: NPV = 20992 ly Ddng vdi r = 3% 1497 ly Ddng vdi r = 7,2% 5471 ty Dong vdi r = 12% 842 ty Dong vdi r = 20% Lgi nhuan liacli todn tdi chinli ludn Idn hon Igi nhucdn phdn tich mdi truiyng ung vdi tirng ndm nhdl djnh, chirng id ngodi ngudn lgi tir vice bdo ve mdi trudng cd hieu qud thap lio'ii so vdi phuong dn chi quan tdm diin co' sd tang He sd hodn vdn ndi tai (IRR) ddi vdi edc phuong dn deu vugt nuic Idi sudi ciia WB (r =3%) va mirc lai sudi cho vay ddi ban ciia Ngdn hdng Ngoai Ihuo'iig hien (r = 7,2% ndm vd r =12%/iiain) vd kbi ed lam pbdl r =20% P h i r o n g an A l —a-PliLio-ng an A2 —.'.—Phyo'ng an B l Phu'O'ng an B2 Hinh Bliiu dd so sdnh gid tri hien rang cua phuong dn 2.4 De xuiit Ciic giiii phap quan ly luu vuc sdng Nhue Cd hai nhdm gidi phdp chii yeu qudn ly luu \'irc vd gidm thieu d nhiem ngudn nude + Nhdm bien phdp cdng trinh: Hgi ng-hi Klioa hgc Dia ly Todn quoc ldn th&o - Hd Ngi, 2010 965 VIEN DIA LY • VIEN KHt>CN VIET NAM HOI DjA LY VIET NAM Md cdng Tic Giang dl liy nude sdng Hdng nham pha loang, gidm ndng nbilm nude sdng Nhue vao cac miia can kiet gan vdi cai thien chat lugng nude cho san xudt ndng nghiep Tang cudng diu tu kinh phi quy hoach, xay dung ddng bg hoan chinh he thong thodt nude, xir ly nude thai ciia cdc dd thj, khu cdng nghiep trudc dd nude sdng Nhue nhit Id nhung dd thj mdi nhu: thi xa Phu Ly, edc khu cdng nghiep ciia Ha Ndi Gidm bd1 luu lugng tieu sdng Nhue cua Ha Ngi, dua mdt phan nude thdi cac tram bam Nam Ha Ndi bam sdng Hdng Phe duyet du an va trien khai dau tu thuc hien du an thodt nude, be thdng xir ly nude thai thi xa Phii Ly -I- Cdc bien phap quan ly: Xdy dung tram quan trac, phdng thi nghiem, thudng xuyen theo ddi ddnh gid thuc trang muc d nbilm nude sdng Nhue, kjp thdi thdng bao cac thdng tin ve mirc d nbilm phuc vu cdng tdc quan ly vd phdi hgp xir ly d nhiem Dao tao ddi ngu cdn bd lam cdng tdc qudn ly mdi trudng Tang cudng cdng tdc kiem tra qudn ly, xu ly kip thai cac doanh nghiep thdi nude thdi mdi trudng kbdng dam bdo dimg quy djnh Thanh lap Ban quan ly mdi trudng nude sdng Nhue cap Nhd nude hoac Bd ed sir tham gia cua cac dia phuang luu vuc KET LUAN Du dn dem lai Igi ieh cho todn xa hdi ddi vdi muc lai suat phd bien tren thi trudng hien Du dn bat dau ed lgi nhuan tii' nam 2010 (phuong an Al), NPV = 2151 ly Dong vdi r = 20% vd tir nam 2012 (phuong dn Bl), NPV = 842 ty Ddng vdi r = 20% Tuy thdi gian hodn vdn ciia phuong an Bl eham hon phuong an Al nhung neu xet ve Idu ddi thi phuong an B la phuang dn mang lai tinh ben vung cao bon Dieu dd ddng nghTa \'d'i viec nen gia cd kenh dan va bd sdng ket hop kiem sodt va xii' ly nude thai de mang lai lgi ich mdt each ben vung Cdc ket qua tinh todn cho thay nen tang cudng dau tu kinh phi quy hoach, xay dung ddng bd hoan chinh he thdng thodt nude, xu ly nude thai ciia cdc dd thj, khu cdng nghiep trudc kbi dd nude sdng Nhue TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] [2] [3] [4] [^] [6] Nguyen Van Cu (chii nhiem) De dn xdy dung de dn tdng the bdo ve mdi Irudng luu vuc sdng Nhue vd sdng Ddy, Cip Nha nude, 2004 Truong Quang Hiii, Nguyin Thj Hai Kinh ti moi truang, NXB Dai hgc Qudc gia Ha Ndi, 2006 Cdc vdn bdn phdp Iugt lien quan din bdo ve moi tricdmg, NXB Chinh trj Qudc gia,' Ha Ndi, 1993 Cutt lay Trdi ddt - Chiin luac cho cudc sdng ben viing, NXB Khoa hgc va Ky thuat Ha Ndi, 1993 Dixon, J et At, Economic Analysis of the Environment Impacts of Development Projects, 1988 Hopkins J Cost - Benefit Analysis - Issues and Methodologies, A World Bank Publication, 1986 [7] 966 Pearce D.W Environmental Economics London, 1986 Hgi nghi Khoa hoc Dia 1-v Todn cmoc ldn ttu'f - nd Nni POlO ... lgc cdc chi sd phan tich chi phi - lgi ich kinh te da dugc cdc tdc gia va ngoai nude sir dung [2,5,6.7,8], chimg tdi da sir dung ede chi sd neu dudi day de phan tich chi phi - lgi ich ciia du... NAM 2.2 Chi sd phan tich Kbi da lira chgn mdc thai gian vd he sd chiet khau thich hgp, nhung tinh todn cu thi cd tbi can eii'' vao nhieu cdng thirc khcdc Tren ca sd tiep thu ed chgn lgc cdc chi sd... thuy san Chiia nude thai Khong dam bao chat Tudi lieu lugng nude de cap cho liit cho ndng ca cac muc dich sir dung nghiep trii'' muc dich giao thdng Nudi va chira nude thai thiiy san Chira nude