Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
''''H^af san sS''''oz/zOlO CAC MO H i r a KHAI THAC KHOANG S M B M VtlVG TREN THE GlOfI Cong nghiep khai thac khoang san la mpt nganh quan trpng ddi vdi phat trien kinh te cua moi quoc gia, bdi chfnh nganh[.]
'H^af san sS'oz/zOlO CAC MO H i r a KHAI THAC KHOANG S M B M VtlVG TREN THE GlOfI Cong nghiep khai thac khoang san la mpt nganh quan trpng ddi vdi phat trien kinh te cua moi quoc gia, bdi chfnh nganh cung cap nguyen lieu can thiet cho cong cuoc cong nghiep hda da't nUdc Ngay nay, xem xet cap gia'y phep khai thac khoang san, cac qudc gia co tai nguyen deu yeu cau cac cong ty khai khoang phai cam ke't thUc hien bien phap khai thac ben vu'ng Mat khac, khai thac ben vQfng la chien lUdc cua nganh cong nghiep nham de cao tin nhiem cua minh bang each nang cao nang lUc van hanh cong nghiep khai khoang cung nhUcac mo hinh khai khoang ben vu'ng IF^^^^^ N ganh cong nghiep khoang san tren the gidi bit dau de cap de'n phat trien ben vufng vao khoang nam 1996 tai cac cuoc hop cua Hpi dong Kim loai va Moi trudng Quo'c te (ICME), mpt to chQc gom 30 cong ty khai khoang Idn quo'c te co tru s6 dong tai Ottawa, Canada Nam 2000, mot Hien chUdng Phat trien ben vDng cho nganh khai khoang dupc soan thao va dUdc Hpi dong ICME thong qua Hien chUdng nay, la mpt cong cu thong tin xa hpi nhung lai khong du de lam thay doi nhufng quan diem cho'ng dd'i nganh cdng nghiep Khai khoang ben vufng gom CO van de chij ye'u: Quan ly chat thai (da't da thai, quang duoi, cac chat thai dpc hai); quan ly nang IUdng; trao ddi thong tin khung hoang; phdi hdp vdi cac td chufc, ca nhan ben ngoai khu mo; quan he vdi ngUdi dan ban dja; da dang sinh hpc De dam bao thuc hien hieu quan nhtJing van de tren, ngudi ta xay dUng nen nhQng cong cu nhu la he thong cac bien phap thuc hien, he thong kiem tra, bao cao thUc hien, hudng dan bao cao, bien ban danh gia va hudng din ky thuat Phat trien ben vQng ddi vdi cac cong ty khai khoang la phai de dupc nhOng giai phap de thUc hien khai thac ben vQng nhU: Loi keo cpng dong quan tam den xac djnh vj tri, mat bang mo, nha may tuyen rCfa va thuc hien nhufng sang kie'n khai thac ben vQng; tim kiem, cam ke't va hd trd ddi thoai ve san xua't kinh doanh cua hp; khuye'n S^ DiltiML tiae & QAng ngttt tilth 'Ddh QlAiig, khfch thuc hien xuyen sudt cdng ty de dat dupc quan ly tai nguyen ben vOng; tie'n hanh mpi hoat dpng san xua't kinh doanh vdi dp hoan hao cao, minh bach va tinh than trach nhiem; bao ve sQc khde, an toan cho ngUdi lao dpng va cpng ddng, dong gop vao sang kie'n nham thuc day san xua't kinh doanh, sQ dung va tai sQ dung khoang san mpt each an toan than thien vdi moi trUdng; tim each giam thieu de'n mdc tha'p nhat anh hudng cua hoat dpng san xua't de'n mdi trUdng va da dang sinh hpc thong qua cac budc phat trien, tQtham den dong cQa mo; Hpp tac vdi cpng ddng de hp quan tam o= 07 ni-a^ san so'02/2010 0= phat bieu nhOng van de lien quan den cac mo bi bo hoang va cac mo da khai thac he't quang; Tiep tuc hoan thien dieu hanh thong qua Qng dung tdt nhat mpi goc canh cua hoat dpng san xua't Mo hinh Cong ty than lllawarra giam sQ dung nUdc Idn nha't Sydney Cong ty than lllawarra cua BHP Billiton khai thac ham Id tai mo d vung lllawarra va Wollondilly, each Sydney gan 80km ve phia Nam Sydney thieu nudc va ngudi dan b day phai tuan theo nhQng quy djnh tie't kiem sCf dung nudc Mo Appin sQ dung mpt lupng nudc dang ke, khoang I.eoOm^ mdi Cong ty phai tim each giam thieu sQ diJng nudc Nam chien lupc giam tieu thu nUdc, mpt nha may lpc tham ngUpc trj gia trieu USD dupc xay dung va tai sCr dung 2.300m^ nUdc mdi Nam 2007, Cong ty cap nudc Sydney cong nhan qua da giam dUdc 660m^ nudc sach mdi va cap cho cong ty lllawarra giai thudng giam sQ dung khdi lupng nUdc Idn nha't Cong ty lllawarra co ba mo la Appin, Appin/West, West Cliff va Dendrobium va hai mo chuan bi di vao khai thac la West Cliff, Port Kembla Cong ty sQ dung 1.300 lao dpng true tiep de khai thac 08 than md chat lUpng cao Md mo nam 1962, mo Appin Colliery la mpt nhQng mo dau tien Uc ap dung cong nghe khai thac cot dai theo phUdng dp sau 550m, khai thac than md cQng, chat lupng cao lam tQ mach than Bullin Dap bui va lam mat la nhQng khau sQ dung nhieu nudc nha't Bang each chuyen hda nudc ngam nhiim mudi nhe de sQ dung lai tai chd va cap cho cac mo gan ke, nha may c6 the giam IUdng nUdc ngpt lay tQ Cong ty cap nUdc Sydney tdi 2.300m^ nudc mdi Hien nay, nha may van hanh vdi c d n g s u a't 1.800m7ngay Nha may nang cao chat lupng va giam dp man cua nUdc mo va cho chay vao song Nepean NUdc mudi hien tai dupc chuyen de'n mpt diem xa, nhien nha may c6 ke hoach lam mudi la san pham phu cija minh de ban Nha may lpc nUdc hien dai ciJa cong ty la nha may dau tien loai lllawarra, ap dung cong nghe va chu trinh hien dai dem lai Ipi fch lau dai cho khai thac mo, cho cpng ddng va mdi trudng xung quanh Cong ty se tiep tuc tang lupng nudc tai che va thu hdi lai, cung se tim kiem nhQng cong nghe de tiet kiem nudc d mo than Tai sQ dung da't de eo thu nhap, bao ve moi trUdng cho cpng ddng Guinea Trdng cay hat dieu tai mo khai thac cat trUdc day da dem lai thu nhap ben vQng cho nhQng ngUdi phu nQ cua mpt cpng ddng Guinea heo lanh, ddng thdi, cung bao ve moi trudng cho tat ca da't dai va ngudi dan d day Cudi nam 2005, quy Alcoa cung cap vdn cho Hpi Phu nQde khoi phuc 10 mo cat Mo cat dupc khai thac de lay cat xay nha va cac cong trinh xay dung khac Qua trinh khai thac mo da pha huy rQng, da't rQng day va gay sU xdi mdn dat, khai thac Ip thien cung rat nguy hiem cho ca ngUdi lln sue vat Nhieu tai nan va tQ vong da xay bdi nhQng hd ranh khai thac Trdng cay khong chi khoi phuc he thuc vat va bao ve mdi trQdng ma dem lai thu nhap ben vQng tQ viec ban hat dieu Phu nQ cua cpng ddng Bintimodia chiu trach nhiem cham sdc cay va thu hoach hat mdi nam Thu nhap dupc phan phdi cho cac vien tham gia Mo hinh Alcoa tiep tuc giO vai trd di dau ve phuc hdi da't h Uc: Alcoa dupc coi la Cong ty di dau phuc hdi vung mo tai bang Tay Uc va bang Victoria Tai Tay Uc, Alcoa da khdi phuc 430,2 da't sau khai thac quang mo Muc tieu chu yeu cua chUdng trinh phuc hdi la gay dUng lai he sinh thai rQng bach dan vdn cd d day trUdc khai thac Mpt cau cd ban cua muc tieu la phuc hdi 100% dp phong phu thUc vat cua rQng bach dan Khu vUc phuc hoi lai dUdc