P E T R O V I E T N A M Danh gia va lUa chon scf bo mot so loai phu gia ZSM 5 cho xuc tac FCC de tang hieu suat propylen va trj so octan cua xang trong qua trinh cracking xuc tac IS Dang Thanh Tiing,[.]
PETROVIETNAM Danh gia va lUa chon scf bo mot so loai phu gia ZSM-5 cho xuc tac FCC de tang hieu suat propylen va trj so octan cua xang qua trinh cracking xuc tac I S Dang Thanh Tiing, ThS Ngo Thuy PhUtfng KTV Tran Van Tri, KS Nguyin Sura KS Nguyen HCTu Triing, KS Oao Thj Thanh Xuan Vien Ddu Viet Nam vdng 30 nam qua, nhu cau tieu thu vdng nam t r d Tom tat lai day khdng ngUng tang len, dat 45 trieu tan vao nam Deddp Ung nhu cdu propylen ngdy cdng tdng, mpt nhUng giai phdp hUu hiiu Id sit dung thim chdt phu gia ZSM-5 cho xuc tdc ciia qud trinh 2008 va den nam 2013, nhu cau cd the tang len den 55 trieu tan [l].Tuy nhien kha nang cung cap ngudn nguyen lieu propylen cho qua trinh san xuat PR nhUng nam cdu ndy tdi khdng tang nen cd the xay trudng hop thieu chiing tdi dd ddnh gid vd lUa chpn sa bp mpt sd logi propylen cho nganh cdng nghiep Tai Viet Nam, tU cracking xuc tdc (FCC) Trong nghiin phu gia ZSMS cho nhd mdy Ipc ddu tai Viet Nam nam 2005 de'n 2010, nhu cau sUdung propylen tang deu, nhdm mue dieh tdng hiiu sudt propylen ca khoang hon 10%/nam, t u khoang 300 ngan tan/nam len cdu sdn phdm cracking ddng thdi tdng tri sd octan den hon 500 ngan tan/nam Ngudn eung cap nUUc xdng TUki't qua ddnh gid dp ben thiiy nhiet hien chua dap Ung dupe yeu cau nay, ludn ludn ed sU ciia loai phu gia thuang mgi, nhdm tdc gid dd lUa chenh lech Idn giUa cung va cau DU bao den nam 2016, chpn dupc logi phu gia cd dp ben thiiy nhiet vd dp ciing vdi nha may PR Dung Quat, lien hpp Ipc hda dau chpn Ipc propylen eao nhdt Kit qud khdo sdt dnh Nghi Son va td hpp hda dau Long San dupe dUa vao sU hudng cua ty li phu gia/xue tdc cho thdy thim phu gia ZS/M-5 vdo xuc tdc FCC vdi ty li 5%kl thi hiiu sudt propylen da tang thim khodng 13%kl, tri sd octan cua xdng cracking tdng - dan vi vd ty li phu gia/xue tdc tdi Uu ndm khodng tU den S%kl dung vdi 100% cdng suat thi mdi dap Ung dupe nhu cau nude [1] Ngudn cung cap propylen cdng nghiep hda dau chil ye'u di tU hai qua trinh ehinh la cracking hoi nUde hydroeacbon (68%) va cracking xuc tac FCC (29%) [2] Hieu suat propylen qua trinh cracking hoi nuac rat khd dieu chinh va hieu qua kinh te ciia PE t h u d n g cao han Mdr dau PP nen hau het mdi quan tam de'n viec tang san lUpng propylen deu hudng tdi qua trinh cracking xuc tac FCC Mdt nhUng Ung dung quan trpng nhat ciia [1] Cd yeu t d tac ddng den viee thay ddi ham lupng propylen la de san xua't nhua polypropylen (PR) NhUa PR propylen qua trinh FCC: i) edng suat ciia phan la mpt eae mat hang nhua nhiet deo ed tdc dp phat xUdng FCC, ii) tinh chat nguyen lieu, iii) dieu kien van trien nhanh nhat tren the gidi, chi sau polyethylen (PE) va hanh, va iv) xuc tac va phu gia Trong dd bo sung t h e m polyethylen terephthalat PR dupe Ung dung rdng rai chat phu gia ZSM-5 la giai phap linh hoat va cd hieu qua eae san pham tieu diing va cdng nghiep nhd nhanh nhat cac nha may Ipc dau cd the nhanh chdng cac dac tinh tdt ve dp eUng, dp ben ca hoc va dp ben ddi chil ddng thay ddi lUpng phu gia ZSM-5 them vao phan vdi cac hda chat n h u axit, kiem va cae loai dung mdi Thj xUdng FCC hang Ben canh d d ZSM-5 cdn cd tac trudng PR tren the gidi da phat trien rat sdi dpng dung lam tang trj sd octan xang nen loai phu gia DAU KHI - s o 4/2011 53 HOA - C H ^ BI^N DAU KHI ed anh hUdng rat Idn den viec tang hieu qua kinh te Phu gia sau giam hoat tinh dUpe trdn vdi xiic tac cho nha may Ipc dau Viec them loai phu gia vao xiie can bang ciia nha may Ipe dau (tinh chat xiic tac can tac FCC edn cd mpt y nghia thuc tien khac nUa la de can bang the hien Bang vdi ty le phu gia/xiie tac can bang anh hudng ciia dat hiem xuc tac [3] Vai trd bang la 3%kl va dp ben thiiy nhiet eiia cae loai phu gia ciia dat hiem ehii yeu la de tang ham lUpng xang duqc danh gia dua tren sU thay doi ham lUpng propylen nhien nd eung lam giam ham lupng olefin phan Ung ciia phan Ung cracking xiic tac tren ciing mpt loai ehuyen djch hydro dan de'n lam giam tri sd octan eiia nguyen lieu VGO (Bang 3) [5] Hai loai phu gia eo xang cracking V\ way, phu gia ZSM-5 dupc sir dung de chpn Ipc propylen va dp ben cao nhat se dUpc thir bii dap anh hudng giam trj sd octan ciia dat hiem nghiem cac ty le khac tU de'n 20 %kl de chpn xiic tac FCC ty le thich hpp ve yeu cau chat lUpng va kinh te eiia nha Phu gia ZSM-5 dupc sU dung qua trinh FCC eiia nha may loe dau nhula mdt phan eiia xiic tac FCC Phu gia dupc dua vao he thdng vdi ty le tU de'n 12%kl [4] qua he thdng nap phugia vao thie't bj tai sinh xuc tac.Tai day phu gia ciing xiic tac se trai qua qua trinh dot cdc mdi trudng thiiy nhiet va nhiet dp eao (khoang 650 - 750°C) trudc tiep tue dupe dUa vao Id phan Ung Dudi tac dung ciia mdi trudng khac nghiet ciia qua trinh FCC, hoat tinh va dp chpn Ipe eiia phu gia ZSM- may Ipc dau San pham ciia qua trinh cracking dupe phan tich tren cae thie't bj sac ki phan tich dau mo (Refinery Gas Analysis, RGA), sac ki chUng cat mo phdng (GC SIMOIS), sac ki phan tich chi tiet hydroeacbon (Detail Hydrocarbon Analysis, GC-DHA) Thanh phan cdc tren xuc tac dupe danh gia bang phuang phap dot cdc va ham lupng CO, COj tao bang hap thu hdng ngoai Bang I.Tinh chat hda ly cua cac phij gia ZSIM-5 mdi se giam manh dUa vao sU dung Nhu vay, hieu qua sU dung phu gia Phugia A B C D 141,81 129,65 91,05 ZSM-5 ngoai dp chpn Ipe propylen Dien tich be mat, mVg 159,56 edn phu thudc vao rat nhieu yeu td Dien tich be mat zeolite,mVg 136,59 118,06 100,93 70,8 nhudd ben thiiy nhiet eung nhuty le Tyle dien tich Ze/IVIx 5,9 5,0 3,5 3,5 ZSM-5, % 50 40 40 25 PP; %kl 8,88 8,71 6,41 5,98 A i j O j %! A > D > B eiing giam dan theo ham lupng tinh the nhung dien tich be mat matrix ddi vdi ea loai thi gan nhU khdng ddi Cd the tha'y rang Ipai phu gia cd the tieh Id xdp vi mao quan (kich thudc dudi 20A) cang nhd thi cd ham lUpng tinh the cang thap Mdi t u o n g quan giUa dp ben mai mdn ciia eae hat phu gia va kieh thudc hat t r u n g binh cung dupe thay rd t r o n g Bang Cac phu gia A va B cd kich thudc hat nhd nen cd dp ben mai m d n Idn, tUe hat cUng, i s • A • B kha nang chju va dap eao NgUpe lai phu gia C, ed kieh A c thude hat Idn ban nen hat mem hon, kha nang chju va T D :* Fat dap kem hon 3.2 Anh hudng cua dp ben thiiy nhiet cua phu gia din dp chpn Ipc propylen lac ddng ciia phu gia ZSM-5 len ca cau san pham ciia u, 12 Ihcri ganlhi) Hinh Anh hudng cua thdi gian thiiy nhiet den chgn Igc propylene qua trinh FCC rd ret nhat d dd chpn Ipe propylen (Hinh 1) DAU KHi - SO 4/201 55 HOA - CH^ BI^N DAU Khi I aos2- mao at u c -re o- • > a • ' ' I • 5- - 4- - 3- - UOM• mn• 11(136- N • (UB2- £ ttQ28- • 2- \V* \J • C ~ Do neu tdng hpp eae yeu td ve hieu Ung pha loang xiic tac Tuy nhien, hien tupng dp chpn Ipe propylen, dp on djnh eiia dp chpn Ipc tang dp chuyen hda ciia phan Ung cracking sir propylen va dp ben mai mdn ciia cae loai phu gia thi dung ZSM-5 ed the nguyen lieu sir dung loai phu gia A va C dupe lUa chpn de tiep tuc danh gia trudng hpp la nguyen lieu giau parafin Mdt nghien anh hudng eiia ty le phu gia den co cau san pham ciia cUu eiia Dupain va eae edng su [9] da sir dung hon hpp phan Ung cracking xiic tac can bang va phu gia ZSM-5 de cracking phan ?? % re -O Kt ^ r '«U M >s f m Q 78 u