Hdi nghi khoa hoc kT thuat md quoc t i 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tiin vi su phat triin bin viing T H U * N G H I E M T U Y E N Q U A N G B O X I T V I E T N A M Chen XiangQing, Ma JunWei, Chen XingHua,[.]
Hdi Cong nghi khoa nghiep md hoc tien kT thuat tiin md quoc vi su phat ti - triin 2010 bin viing THU* N G H I E M T U Y E N Q U A N G B O X I T V I E T N A M Chen XiangQing, Ma JunWei, Chen XingHua, Chen Zhanhua Vien nghiin ciru Trinh Chau, Chalco, Ha Nam, Trinh Chau, 450041 Tdm tdt: Bdxit hydroxit alumin ciia Viet Nam duac lay la ddi tuong nghiin cuu Cdc nghiin cuu khoang vat hqc, xac dinh chi sd dan hdi, thir nghiem phan tich hat va hda hoc thi nghiim va cdc thu nghiem nghi tuyin quang thuat doi vdi bdxit phong tuyin quang duoc tiin hanh di triin khai cdng quy trinh cdng "phan cap rira quang bang quay phan cap xoan " di lam mau thir va hd tro vi ky Vi?t Nam Quy trinh don gian, dn dinh va bao dam Theo cdc thir nghiem, mddun Si la 16,69 va thuc thu nhom dat 72,14% bang ky thuat phan tach tuyen rira, dd quang thd cd md Sidun chi la 5,15 Tir khoa: Bdxit hydroxit alumin, khoang vat hoc, chi sd dan hdi, may phan cap xoan Gioi thieu K h o a n g san b o x i t co the chia l a m loai theo dac t i n h ciia c h i i n g : diasporit t r a m t i c h , diasporit t i c h t u v a h y d r o x i t a l u m i n laterit Theo quan d i i m c h u n g , b o x i t c o n g nghiep co hai loai: laterit v a t r a m t i c h ^ ' \ B a x i t laterit la khoang san b d x i t q u a n t r o n g nhat c h i e m khoang % t o n g t r u l u o n g b o x i t va phan I o n la b o x i t h y d r o x i t a l u m i n co dac t i n h la silic thap, sat cao v a m o d u n Si cao V i e t N a m co n g u o n tai n g u y e n b o x i t t u o n g d o i d o i dao, d u lieu co l i e n quan cho thay t i n h Dac N o n g co t o i 5,48 t y tan b o x i t c h i e m k h o a n g m o t p h a n nam tong trir l u p n g b o x i t ciia the g i d i D o i v d i cac n g u o n tai n g u y e n b o x i t h y d r o x i t a l u m i n d n u o c n g o a i t h i cac quy t r i n h tuyen quang d u g c chap nhan c h u yeu g o m r i r a ' , cac k h o a n g vat silic l o a i m i n n h u la quang d u o i v a quang tho la k h o a n g vat a l u m i n N h u n g q u y t r i n h t u y e n quang h i e n tai c i i n g cd m o t s i n h u g c d i e m : c o n g nghe phiic tap, c h i p h i san xuat cao, m u c l a m g i a u t u y e n rua khong d u cao; n h i e u hat quang d u o i m i n h o n v a k h d ket tua quang d u o i ; t y le sir d u n g n u o c l thu h d i thap [ ' ] r r V i vay, bai bao lay b o x i t V i e t N a m la d d i t u o n g n g h i e n c u u Qua n g h i e n c u u t i n h kha t u y l n , d l l a m m a u thir n g h i e m k y thuat cho b o x i t V i e t N a m , nang cao kha nang canh tranh t h i t r u o n g v a c u n g cap ho t r g k y thuat cho viec quyet d i n h N g h i e n c u u k h o a n g v a t hoc * / Cac dSc t i n h cua quang cd l i e n quan den he sd k y thuat v a h i e u qua t u y e n quang, la c o sd rat quan t r o n g d o i v d i viec lira c h o n quy t r i n h N d i c h u n g , cac y e u t l anh h u d n g den t i n h kha t u y e n bao g o m l o a i quang, loai k h o a n g vat, ket cau quang, hat p h a n tan v a cac dac t i n h n g h i i n V i vay, n g h i e n ciru k h o a n g vat hoc ciia quang cd y n g h i a to l d n d o i v d i viec su dung n g u l n tai n g u y e n m o t each k h o a hoc va h o p l y N g h i e n c u u k h o a n g vat hoc b o x i t cua Viet N a m d u g c t i e n h a n h bang thiet b i h i e n v i quang hoc p h a n cue, n h i e u x a X R D v a cac ket qua phan t i c h hoa hoc 2.1 P h a n tich hoa hoc C d t h i thay cac ket qua p h a n t i c h b o x i t ciia V i e t N a m t r o n g B a n g 701 Hoi Cdng nghi khoa nghiep hoc kT thuat md tien tien md qudc vi sir phat triin ie -2010 bin vung Bang Phan tich bdxit Viet Nam (%) Thanh phan A1 Ham lugng Si0 40.99 8.20 Fe 27.18 Ti0 3.96 K Na CaO MgO 0.021 0.050 0.088 0.120 Cac ket qua co the t h a y B a n g 1, t h a n h p h a n hoa hoc cua cac m a u t u o n g d d i d o n gian, cac p h a n c h i n h la A ^ C ^ Fe203> SiC>2> TiC>2, v.v., cac t h a n h phan khac n h u K C K N a C k CaCK M g O cd h a m l u o n g thap 2 2.2 P h a n t i c h p h a Co the thay h a m l u o n g k h o a n g san c h i n h cua b o x i t V i e t N a m t r o n g B a n g Bang Ham lupng Khoang Hydroxit vat alumin Ham 52.4 luong khoang Caolinit 11.0 san chinh cua mau (%) Thach Quang anh sat 3.0 16.0 Gotit Inmenit Anataz Khac 12.0 2.8 2.5 0.3 Tir p h a n t i c h t i a X quang co t r o n g B a n g 2, c h u n g ta co the thay rang k h o a n g vat c h i n h co i c h la H y d r o x i t a l u m i n v a cac k h o a n g vat p h i quang l a C a o l i m i t v a thach anh, khoang vat sat l a quang sat do, g o t h i t v a I n m e n i t ; k h o a n g v a t t i t a n l a anataz V i cac khoang vat v a khoang vat p h i quang co m o i l i e n he x a m tan phuc tap v a k i c h c d nho nen rat k h o de dat duoc su p h a n l y d o n the t r o n g qua t r i n h thir n g h i e m rira 2.3 C a u t r u e v a s u p h a n t a n cac k h o a n g san c h i n h ) H y d r o x i t alumin (Gipsit) Gipsit la k h o a n g vat quan t r o n g nhat d o i v d i b o x i t V i e t N a m ; no t o n t a i d m o t so cau tnic phan tan n h u sau: (1) Cau true t i n h the l a t i ( H i n h 1), k i c h t h u o c t h o n g t h u o n g cua no l a 0.04 x m m den 0.2 x m m , v d i k h o i l u o n g nho cau true g i o n g n h u g i p s i t d u g c ket l a i v d i su phan bo ciia k h o a n g vat set v a be mat gipsit, m o i t u o n g q u a n p h a n tan p h i i c tap h o n (2) Cau t n i c t a m gia l u c giac ( H i n h ) , d u o n g k i n h l d p tir 0,1 d i n , m m , b l mat t i n h t h i t u o n g d o i sach v a k h o n g b i x a m tan b d i sat r r (3) Cau t n i c t r u n g ca ( H i n h ) , n g u y e n tir ciia l o a i cau t n i c c h i i y e u l a gipsit b i x a m tan b d i k h o a n g vat sat; l d p be ngoai c h i i y e u l a k h o a n g vat sat (4) G i p s i t cau t n i c m a c h dugc lap day d dang da ( H i n h ) , t h o n g t h u o n g day m a c h tir 0,01 d i n , m m r 2) K h o a n g v a t p h i q u a n g Cac k h o a n g vat p h i quang c h i i y e u la caolinit, cac cau t n i c x a m t a n c h i i y l u n h u sau: (1) C a o l i n i t p h a n bo t r o n g ke h d v a be m a t gipsit, m o i l i e n he x a m tan p h i i c tap h o n ( H i n h 1) (2) San p h a m p h o n g hoa trang thach v a cong sinh v d i g i p s i t ( H i n h 5) ) K h o a n g v a t sat K h o a n g vat sat l a quang sat do, g o t i t v a i n m e n i t , cau t n i c x a m t a n c h i n h n h u sau: (1) Q u a n g sat l a cac t i n h the d dang lati hoac p h a n b l t r o n g da ( H i n h ) , k i c h co quang sat t h o n g t h u o n g l a X 0 m i c r o m e t ; 702 Hdi nghi Cong nghiep r r khoa hoc kT thuat md quoc te - 2010 md tien tien vi su phat trien bin vung (2) Gcrthit co h i n h thuc c h i i y l u l a t a m t u h i n h ( H i n h ) , k i c h c o t i n h the dang tarn thong t h u o n g l a k h o a n g m i c r o m e t Hinh Gipsit lati Hinh Gipsit tam gid luc giac / / / « / i Gipsit cau true trung cd Hinh Gipsit cau true mach •• / / i w / i Khoang vat phi quang J f l / i / / Gotit vd gipsit (SEM) X a c d i n h he so d a n h d i B a n g p h u o n g phap he so dan h o i ciia khoang vat quang, p h a n t i c h m a u b o x i t ciia V i e t N a m da d u g c t i e n hanh; cac ket qua d u g c d u a t r o n g B a n g Co t h i thay t r o n g B a n g 3, g i o i han chay cua b o x i t V i e t N a m l a , % , , % la g i o i han deo v i v a y he so dan h o i la 12,55%) H e so k h a t u y e n d u g c xac d i n h dua tren t h i n g h i e m ; t h d i gian r u a quang p h u thuoc vao t i n h k h a t u y e n v a p h u o n g phap rira quang N o i 703 Hoi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc md tien kT thuat tiin md qudc vi su phat te - triin 2010 bin viing chung, he s i dan h o i l a % d i n % l a quang d l rua, he s i dan h l i t u % d i n % l a quang co k h a nang r u a t r u n g b i n h , he so dan h o i I o n h o n hoac bang % l a quang k h o rua Theo each p h a n l o a i nay, m a u b o x i t cua V i e t N a m l a quang co t i n h r u a t r u n g b i n h Bang He so dan hdi cua mau bdxit Viet Nam (%) Gidi han Mau Boxit Vi$t N a m chay Gidi han deo He so dan hoi 25,73 12,55 38,28 T h u n g h i e m p h a n t i c h h a t v a h o a hoc t r o n g p h o n g t h i n g h i e m Q u y t r i n h p h a n t i c h hat v a hoa hoc t r o n g p h o n g t h i n g h i e m d o i v o i b o x i t V i e t N a m duoc dua t r o n g h i n h 7, sang t i e u chuan de t h u n g h i e m sang l a m m , , m m , , m m , , m m , m S i m a u sang d u p e phan tach, chuan b i v a p h a n t i c h , de c h o n d u o c thiet b i phu h o p cho giai doan t i e p theo v a dat nen m o n g c o n g nghe Cac k e t qua t h i i n g h i e m phan tich hat co t r o n g B a n g Mau boxit cua Viet Nam Dieu k i f n thii nghiem: nhung khuay tron 20 phut Sang co kich thudc 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.3mm, 0.1mm l+0.5mm +lmm •0.3+0.1mm -0.5+0.3mm -0.1mm Phan t i c h hoa hoc n h o m silic Hinh So cdng ngh$ phan tich dp hat vd hda hoc phong thi nghiem Bang Cdc kit qua thu nghiem phan tich phong thi nghiem Cdp hat (mm) Thu hoach (%) cap H^U +1 100.00 55.00 1.82 1.83 -1+0.5 -0.5+0.3 -0.3+0.1 -0.1 Al (%) Si0 (%) 42.12 50.80 8.02 3.20 45.26 39.96 4.26 8.54 38.07 11.06 15.02 4.71 36.64 29.57 704 Modun Si 5.25 15.88 10.62 4.68 3.44 1.97 Hoi nghi Cong nghiep r r khoa hoc ki thuat md quoc te - 2010 mo tien tien vi su phat trien ben viing Qua B a n g co m i t h i y r i n g b o x i t V i e t N a m d u o c d i n h cd t h o n g qua phan t i c h t r o n g phong t h i n g h i e m , c i p c o hat tren , m m va m m co chat l u o n g t u o n g d o i cao v a co the dap u n g cac y e u c i u v i m a t k i n h t l cua q u y t r i n h Bayer N h u n g c i p c o hat tir , l ~ , m m thong t h u o n g co m o d u n Si khoang tir 3-5, cho thay m u c l a m g i a u b i han c h i b o i q u y t r i n h rira d o n gian; can phat t r i e n t h e m v a n de sir d u n g cac n g u o n t a i n g u y e n co i c h Cac t h u n g h i e m t u y e n q u a n g t h i d i e m B e k i e m tra t h e m cac k e t qua t r o n g p h o n g t h i n g h i e m v a ho t r o viec thiet ke v a san xuat cong nghiep, cac thir n g h i e m t u y e n quang t h i d i e m nen d u o c t h u c h i e n k h u v u c tuyen quang v a c o n g nghe thiet b i d u n g cho b o x i t V i e t N a m , phat t r i i n m o t loai quy t r i n h va cong nghe tot nhat p h i i h o p v o i gipsit thach anh S o c o n g n g h e k y t h u a t v a t h i e t b i t u y e n q u a n g So cong nghe cua viec thir n g h i e m t h i d i e m la q u y t r i n h "phan cap rira quang bang sang quay - phan cap x o a n , cac thiet b i v a d u n g c u cua viec thir n g h i e m t h i d i e m H i n h la m a y tiep l i e u , sang quay, m a y phan cap h i n h x o a n , b l co dac, m a y b o m v u a , l u u l u o n g ke, v v May cap lieu May phan Sang cap xoan Xudng quay thuc nghiem Hinh Xir&ng thuc nghiem tuyen quang lien tuc So dl cong nghe "phan cap rira quang bang sang quay phan cip xoan duoc dua 705 thi diem Hoi Cong nghj khoa nghiep md hoc kT thuat tien tiin md qudc vi su phat H i n h Q u a n g tho v a n u o c rua d u a c d u a vao c o hat +3 m m c h i n h la quSng t u y l n 1, c a hat - m m phan c i p x o i n d u g c r u a b a n g n u o c rua ap lire cao tran cua m a y p h a n cap vao b l lang; cSn cua be l a n g te - triin 2010 bin viing sang quay co t a i t r o n g c i p l a K g / h , vao may p h a n c i p x o a n ; San p h a m cat c h i n h l a q u a n g t u y l n v a d o n g chay la quang d u o i chay bai t h a i v a dong chay tran la n u a c t u a n hoan Qu&hg tho Sang Quay Quang tinh+3mm May phan cip xoan Quahg duoi Quangtinh+0.1mm2 Be co dac Nuoc tuan hoan Quang duoi t May loc ep Hinh S