r r Hoi nghi khoa hoc kT thuat md quoc te 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tien vi su phdt trien ben virng N G H I E N C t J U C A C G I A I P H A P N A N G C A O H I E U Q U A V A G I A M N H U N G T A C D 0[.]
Hoi nghi Cong nghiep r r khoa hoc kT thuat md quoc te - 2010 md tien tien vi su phdt trien ben virng N G H I E N CtJU C A C G I A I PHAP N A N G C A O H I E U Q U A V A N H U N G T A C D N G G I A M CO H A ID E N M O I TRUCJNG K H I NO M I N M O D A V O I GS TS Nhu Van Bach, TS Nguyen Dinh An, TS L e V a n Q u y e n , TS T r a n Quang H i e u T r u a n g D a i hoc M o - D i a chat Tdm tdt: Hien ddi vdi cdc mo khai thdc dd voi cong tdc khoan - nd chua duoc chu diing mire, cdc thong sd no min, so nd min, phuong phdp nd, loai chdt no, phuong tien no sic dung chua duoc nghien ciru tinh toan cu the hop ly Vi vay cong tdc no chua that suddm bdo chdt luong ddp vd ddt dd, ti le dd qua cd cao lam dnh hudng ldn den nang sudt ciia cdc thiet bi xiic bdc, van chuyen, nghien sang vd hieu qua cua cdc khau tiep sau khoan nd vd lam dnh hudng xau den moi trudng xung quanh Yeu cau ddi vdi cong tac nd cua cac mo da voi - K i c h thudc c o hat ciia dong da no m i n phai dong diu, i t da qua co Can phai can c d vao chung loai thiet b i khoan, xuc, van tai va nghieh sang de lua chon mdc ddp v o ( M D D V ) Y e u cau cung d o i h o i can ap dung nhieh giai phap k y thuat no m i n dd nang cao hieu qua dap v o Sau k h i no lan nhung cue da co k i c h thuac l a n h a n cho phep duoc c o i la da qua ca T y le da qua ca cua d d n g da no m i n can phai g i a m thap nhat t o i da k h o n g dugc qua 5% - K i c h thudc ddng da (chieu cao, chieu rong) phai phii hop v d i thiet b i xiic bdc vdn tai, dam bao nang suat va an toan cho thiet b i , p h u hgp v d i thong sd cua he thdng k h a i thac ( H T K T ) N g o a i k i c h thudc bai no phai dam bao hgp l y de vira phii hgp v d i cac thong sd H T K T vira nang cao hieu qua no va g i a m tac dung chan d o n g - D a m bao mat tahg bang phang, it hau x u n g , nang cao he sd sir d u n g met khoan huu ich De thoa man duoc yeu cau can phai t i n h chon dugc cac thong sd no m i n , cac giai phap k y thuat cong nghe t h i c h hop (ket cau l u o n g thudc no hop l y , so mang 16 khoan, hudng 16 khoan, cong tac chuan b i bai khoan, t r i cac thong so d u n g v d i ho chieu, sa v i sai va thdi gian v i sai, phai hop l y ) - X u a t phat tir dac d i e m cua cong tac no m i n , phai dam bao tuyet d d i an toan cho nguoi, nha cira va cac cong t r i n h khac tac dung ciia song chan d o n g , song ddp k h o n g k h i va da vang - Can g i a m c h i p h i no m i n , nang cao hieu qua k h a i thac, gop phan g i a m gia san xuat L i r a c h o n p h u o n g p h a p n d m i n h o p l y Phuang phap no m i n hieu qua nhat hien la no m i n v i sai D a y la phuang phap no m i n tien tien nhat da dugc ap dung phd bien d cac m o 16 thien l d n , no hon han phuang phap nd tire t h a i b d i nhung uu d i e m : - Co kha nang dieu k h i e n dugc M D D V , nang cao he sd sir dung h u u i c h nang l u g n g nd tang t h a i gian tac dung nd k h d i da, m d rong v i m g dap v o co dieu k h i e n 177 Hpi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc md tien kT thudt tien mo quoc vi su phdt ti trien ben 2010 vung - Co the m d r o n g mang l u d i thong so ma v i n d a m bao chat l u o n g dap v d tao them duoc bi mat t u m d i , cac hang k h o n g can tang c h i tieu chat no v i vay giam dugc chi p h i khoan no - Co kha nang dieu k h i l n dugc k i c h thudc ddng da, h u d n g pha da cho co l g i nhat n h d so v i sai va t h d i gian v i sai t h i c h hgp D i e u gop phan nang cao chat lugng dap v d loai trir v u n g ung suat thap, g i a m m o chan tang, tang c u o n g dap v d phu giua cac k h d i da k h i d i c h c h u y e n n h d sir dung cac so v i sai t h i c h hgp - Q u i m o nd m i n tang len, g i a m chan dong, g i a m song dap k h o n g k h i va da vang Day la van de net sue quan d d i v d i cac m o n a m gan cac k h u dan c u hoac cac cong trinh cong nghiep U u viet cua phuong phap nd v i sai t h i da ro, n h i e n dieu k i e n ap dung, muc hieu qua t h i p h u thuoc nhieu vao d u d n g k i n h 16 khoan ( d ) , cac thong so n d m i n , cac yeu to ciia he thdng k h a i thac (chieu cao tang, chieu r o n g va chieu d a i bai nd, ), t h o i gian v i sai, so v i sai va cac phuong tien k h o n g che v i sai k L i r a c h o n c h a t n d va p h u o n g t i e n n d h o p l y - M u o n tiet k i e m nang l u o n g nd va d a m bao cha't l u g n g dap v d t h i can can c u vao tinh chat ciia dat da dd chon loai chat nd cho phu hop D d i v d i m o da v o i uu tien chon chat nd cong suat trung b i n h , cu the d d i v d i 16 khoan k h o sir d u n g thudc n d : A N F O , A D - , 16 khoan co nude: N h u tuong N T - ; E E - , hoac l u o n g thudc p h d i hop: D u d i chat nd chiu nude, tren chat n d t h u d n g - D e nd m i n v i sai co the sir dung cac phuong tien nd sau day: K i p dien v i sai, day nd + rowlevisai, day n d + k i p dien v i sai, day n d + phuong tien n d p h i dien va phuong tien nd phi dien D d i v d i cac m o k h a i thac da hien dd nang cao hieu qua n d m i n va g i a m cac tac dong co hai den m o i t r u d n g nen sir dung phuong tien nd day n d + k i p dien v i sai va phuong tien nd p h i dien L i r a c h o n so d o p h a n b d 16 k h o a n So b d t r i 16 k h o a n (mang l u d i 16 khoan) co anh h u d n g t d i qua t r i n h pha v d dat da Chon so b d t r i 16 k h o a n t h i c h hop se sir dung t d i da nang l u o n g n d vao muc d i c h dap v d dat da gop phan g i a m c h i p h i khoan nd K h i n d m i n tren tang m o 16 thien, co thd sir dung nnhung mang 16 k h o a n sau day: M a n g vuong, mang c h u nhat, m a n g t a m giac deu, (hinh 1) Sir dung mang c h u nhat k h o dam bao mat tang bang phang, phan b d nang lugng nd khong deh, k h o n g phat huy duoc he sd sir dung ban k i n h pha h u y , chat l u g n g dap v d kem, dd l a i m o chan tang Ta so sanh t r u d n g hgp cu the ma cac 16 khoan phan b d d o n g deu d d i x u n g : mang vuong va mang tam giac deu K h i b d t r i cac 16 khoan d d i n h ciia t a m giac deu t h i the tich pha huy tang so v d i k h i b d t r i 16 khoan d d i n h h i n h v u o n g la , % (theo ket qua nghien ciru ciia M P D r u k o v a n u i ) D i e u khahg d i n h mang 16 k h o a n tam giac deu hgp l y hon ca D d i v d i mang v u o n g co su phan b d nang l u o n g n d k h o n g d o n g deu: v i i n g da't da nam tren dudng n d i h a i l u o n g thudc b i nghien nat manh, v u n g n a m tren d u d n g cheo dat da b i dap v d k e m nhat T u y nhien v d i mang 16 khoan v u o n g co n h i e u so n d v i sai thich hop va co hieu qua hon Qua sir phan t i c h tren, v d i dieu k i e n cu the ciia cac m o da v o i , c h u n g t o i dd n g h i : 178 Jioi nghi Cong nghiep * r khoa hoc kT thuat md quoc te - 2010 md tien tiin vi su phdt trien ben virng - K h i sir d u n g so v i sai theo hang bo t r i mang 16 k h o a n t a m giac deu - K h i sir d u n g so v i sai qua hang qua 16 bo t r i 16 k h o a n theo m a n g v u o n g a) b) Hinh 1: Sa bdtri mang lo khoan: a- Vuong, b- tam giac deu c, d Sa xac dinh viing ddp vd tuong img vdi: mang vuong, mang tam giac L i r a c h o n so d o n o v i sai So no v i sai anh huong Ion t i chat l u o n g dap v o , k i c h thuoc dong da nd va tac d u n g chan dong L u a c h o n so n d thich hop phu thuoc vao muc d i c h nd, tinh chat co l y cua da't da, cac thong so cua he thong k h a i thac va qui mo k h a i thac N°3 N°2 ^—' y ^ deu ^> ^> ^> ^> * \j S > N°1 ^—i * )I I'l'l'l'l'l'I'I'L'I'I'l'L'yL'L'L'LL'L'L'L'L'L Cac so nd v i sai co the ap dung cho cac m o k h a i thac da (hinh va h i n h 3): - So t h u t u theo hang: Day la so d o n gian nha't k h i t h i cong, dam bao t i n h chac chan k h i nd So thich hop k h i tuyen cong tac co chieu dai I o n - So theo duong cheo: co the sir dung so da't da co mire k h o n d bat k y k h i can g i a m chan d o n g , hau x u n g , giam chieu rong dong da ( k h i Hinh 2: So ddu ghep mang no sd dung day no vdi kip dien vi sai a-Mqng tam giac deu vdi so qua hang, b- Mang vuong vdi so qua hdng qua Id; 1- Ld khoan, 2- Day no 179 Hpi Cong nghi khoa nghiep md hoc tien kT thudt tien md qudc vi su phdt ti trien ben 2010 virng chieu dai tuyen k h a i thac I o n ) - So qua hang qua 16: so tao mat t u Ion, chat l u o n g dap v o tot N o duoc sir dung tot dat da co cau tnic phuc tap direction of ground vibrations Hinh 3: Sff ddu ghep mang nd su dung phuong tien phi dien Qua ket qua phan t i c h tren, de p h i i hop v o i dieu k i e n t u n h i e n , cau true dia chat, tinh chat co l y ciia da't da, he thong k h a i thac va quy m o cua cac m o k h a i thac da v o i hien chung t o i de" n g h i uu tien sir d u n g so qua hang qua 16 va so qua hang N h u n g so don gian ma dap ung duoc yeu cau cua cong tac no m i n a m o k h a i thac da, k h i sir dung phuong tien no p h i d i e n t h i sir d u n g so v i sai theo tirng 16 k h o a n X a c d i n h cac t h o n g sd no m i n h o p l y - Xac dinh chi tieu thudc no theo cong thdc: q = 0,13.Y Vf(0,6 + 3,3.10- d d d o q = (0J7.10- a c + , )(0,6 + , " d d n Trong do: d - K i c h thudc t r u n g b i n h cua cac k h d i nut ne, m ; d - D u d n g k i n h l u o n g thudc, m m ; c 180 c 2,o •e, Hdi Cong nghi khoa nghiep hoc ki thudt md tien tiin md quoc vi su phdt te - trien ben 2010 viing d - Kich thudc cd hat hop quy each, m; k k = GyQb (Q -dac turn nang l u o n g cua thudc no g r a m o n i t / , Q -dac t i n h nang B c b luong cua chat no sir d u n g ) v - M a t dat da, T / m ; d e- K h a nang cong no tuong d d i cua chat no cx - G i d i han ben nen cua dat da, N / m n - Xac dinh dudng W = n khang chan IOTT Ad tang , 4m " (l + k)Hq v (H + l k t -l ),m b m - He sd l a m gan 16 k h o a n A- M a t l u o n g thudc, k g / m k- H sd p h u thuoc vao t i n h chat co l y dat da (k = 0,15 - 0,35), nap l i e n tuc k = H - Chieu cao tang, m L - Chien sau khoan t h e m , m k l L - Chidu dai bua, m ; b h,^- Chieu cao cot k h i , m ; X a c d i n h q u y m o m o t d o t n d - K h d i l u o n g thudc n d can thiet cho m t dot n d : V Q = qx —,kg n T r o n g d d : n - sd l a m viec nam - Xac d i n h khoang each an toan ve chah d o n g D d i v d i nha cua va cong t r i n h , k h i nd m o t phat m i n tap t r u n g (hoac n d bai m i n v d i khoang each tir tirng l u o n g chat den cdng t r i n h cin bao ve k h o n g khac den 10%) duoc xac dinh theo cdng thdc sau : R =K a VQ,m c c T r o n g do: R : K h o a n g each an toan vd chan dong, m c K^.: He so phu thu6c vao tinh chat dat nen cong trinh can bao ve, chon K = a: he} sd phu thuoc vao c h i sd tac d u n g n d , v d i n = c h o n a = Neu biet trudc khoang each tir v i t r i n d m i n den cong t r i n h cin bao ve la R, t h i co the xac dinh duoc k h d i l u o n g thudc nd cho phep n h u sau: 181 Hpi Cong nghi nghiep Q= { khoa hoc md tien kT thudt tien md qudc vi su phdt ti triin bin 2010 vicng — K h i no m i n v i sai, l u o n g thuoc tong cong co the' tang len va dugc xac d i n h theo cong thuc: QV =|QVN S Trong do: N- So muc cham thdi gian dan each vi sai khong nho hon 50ms K e t l u a n D e nang cao hieu qua no m i n d cac m o k h a i thac da can thiet phai tang q u y m o mot dot no, g i a m da vang, g i a m t i le da qua c d va g i a m tac dung chan d o n g M u o n vdy can phai: - Lira chon duoc M D D V hop l y - L u a chon l o a i chat no va phuong tien no hop l y - Xac d i n h cac thong sd no m i n hop l y - A p dung phuong phap no m i n v i sai v d i so no t h i c h hop, h u d n g k h d i no va thai gian v i sai hop l y Tdi lieu tham khdo [ ] N h u V a n Bach, 2008 Nang cao hieu qua pha v d dat da bang no m i n khai thac m o N h a xuat ban G i a o thong van tai, H a N o i [ ] K u t u z o v B N , 1992 Pha v d dat da bang n d m i n D a i hoc M o M o s k v a (tieng Nga) [ ] N h u V a n Bach, L e V a n Q u y e n , N g u y e n D i n h A n va n n k , 2009 Bao cao tdng ket de tai: N a n g cao h i e u qua n d m i n va g i a m thieu tac dong co hai den m o i t r u d n g k h i nd m i n d m o V a n X a thuoc C o n g t y h u u han x i mang L u k s - ( V i e t N a m ) 182 ... dat da (k = 0,15 - 0,35), nap l i e n tuc k = H - Chieu cao tang, m L - Chien sau khoan t h e m , m k l L - Chidu dai bua, m ; b h,^- Chieu cao cot k h i , m ; X a c d i n h q u y m o m o t d o... h u V a n Bach, L e V a n Q u y e n , N g u y e n D i n h A n va n n k , 2009 Bao cao tdng ket de tai: N a n g cao h i e u qua n d m i n va g i a m thieu tac dong co hai den m o i t r u d n g... tien n d p h i dien va phuong tien nd phi dien D d i v d i cac m o k h a i thac da hien dd nang cao hieu qua n d m i n va g i a m cac tac dong co hai den m o i t r u d n g nen sir dung phuong