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Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe md / HIEN TRANG CONG NGHE DAO LO, CHONG GIlTCAC Dl/ONG LO DA,THAN va mgt so giai phap nham floi mdil cong nghe flao lo va vat lieu, ket cau ehong giu lo tai cdc mo ham lo[.]
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m d /.HIEN TRANG CONG NGHE DAO LO, CHONG GIlTCAC Dl/ONG LO DA,THAN va mgt so giai phap nham floi mdil cong nghe flao lo va vat lieu, ket cau ehong giu lo tai cdc mo ham lo tai Quang Ninh So far, there have been many existing problems in the drift TS PH«M MINH Biro driving v/orks and new support materials utilization in our coal KS LLTU CONG NAM sector needed to be solved In this paper, the authors refer to Vi$n Khoa hoc Cdng nghi Md - Vinacomin the current situation of driving and supporting works at the coal Biin tip: TS Pham Minh D(K and rock headings and some solutions for driving technology innovation and support materials and stnjctures at Quang Ninh underground coal mines I, Hign tr?ng cong nghe dao 16 Nam 2013, eong t i e dao 16 XDCB cua Tap doan C6ng nghigp Than - Khoing san Vigt Nam dgt 51.439m Cac dudng 16 tap tmng chii y i u tgi elc du I n x l y dung md mdi (Khe ChIm ll-IV; Khe Cham III; H I L i m xuing s l u ; khai thic phin 16 gilng mu'c +0 + -175; nIng cong suit khg Tring Khe, Hing Thii, md Trang Bach; phin Id gilng md than Nam M i g v.v ) Thuc trgng ciia cdng t i e d i e ching giii' c i c dudng Id -nhiiu nam qua theo c l e b i o d o [2], [31 cle nam (2012, 2013) cho thiy: Day chuyen thiet bi cdng nghe chinh Mae dii da tgp trung d i u tu thilt bj thi cong nhu xe khoan Tamrock 01 hole 02 c i n khoan; miy xuc Igt hong (LBZ-500W; ZCY), d o vo (1 nHB-2), d o tdi (PY-60); v | n chuyin godng (Bf) 3T, d i u tau ac qui (AM-8) di chuyin tren dudng ray, banh xich, song nhin chung, day chuyin thiit bj cdng nghg khdng ding bp, nhiiu chiing logi, tinh l i p lan phg kign thip Vi t h i , mgc dii da ed nhifng thay d i i v i thilt bi v l thay doi v l t i chuc lao dpng, t i chirc thi cdng nhung t i c dp v l nang suit lan ddng thi cdng dao 16 chua c6 budc dot p h i dpt biln T i c dp dao !6 d l chu y i u v l n khoang 40+60m/thang, nang suit lao dpng khoang 0,072 + 0,074m/c6ng.ca d l f = + v l 40 + 41 m/thing vdi nang suit 0,045 + 0,046 m/edng ca, da f = + [2Jvl[31(bang1) chilu cao (93,66 ; 107mm) dat tren cle t l vgt go n i m tren dem d l ba l i t (da - 6cm) Vgn tai dudng s i t md dupc coi la higu qua nhat thi cong nhanh, it phai sira chu'a thay t h i , nen dudng chii yeu la d l cirng vu'ng khdng bj liin, ma sit cua binh xe vdi dudng ray nhd, sire can thip v.v Do mgc dich thoat ngdc nen cac dgdng Id md Igdn dupc thiit k l d i e cira Id vdi dO d i e - 7%o, vi t h i , edng t i e v|n chuyin c6 tai tir guong ngoai thuan tign Nhung q u i trinh thi cdng, vigc quan ly chat lupng khing t i t , dp d i e cua dudng Id khdng dam bao Mat khac, khdng phai dudng Id nao cdng t i e thi edng dudng sat cung dung thiit k i Ldp d l ba lit, Idp d i n h i i ching rung chin va dam bao khoang each tir n i n Id d i n g i m khung thiet bj van tai nhilu dudng Id khdng cd Bing Tdc dd dao Id cua TKV nim 2013 Cong tic phu tra Khic vdi d c dudng h i m va cdng trinh ngam, cle dudng Id md chi sii' dgng h i u nhu dpc nhit phuong tign vgn chuyin bang dudng sit Dudng s i t sii' dgng logi ray P22 hogc P24, vdi TT Tenmd Dan vi L6 da Lo than C6ng ty than U6ng Bi Cdng ty than Nam M i u m/thang 40.6 56.1 m/thSng 40.8 64.4 C6ng ty than H6n gal m/thang 62 66.6 Cong ty than Ha L i m m/thctng 35.4 C6ng ty than Quang Hanh m/thang 46.3 60.8 C6ng ty than Duong Huy m/thcing CSng ty than Thong nhat m/th^ng 32.3 61,4 m/thSng C6ng ty than Khe Ch^m C6ng ty than Mong Duong m/thang 2b 42 30 75 m C6ng ty than Oong BSc m/thang 45 65 36 Cdng ty than Nui Bfiom/th^ng 24 11 G i i n g di>ng tCr 13,4 den 44m/th5ng Mot sd dan vi khdng thdng kd duac sd lliu KHCNM s 7/2014' CNKT HAM LO 62 Thong tin khoa hoc cdng nghe md hole lau bj viii l i p nen khdng cdn du chiiu cao tir mgt ray d i n gam thiit bj, g l y lit hogc cam godng, t i g v.v Tir d6, d i n d i n t i c dp di chuyin cle doln t l u khdng dam bao v l hidn tupng binh xe nhay khdi dudng ray thudng xay Trudc day, thilt b| thi cdng cdng trinh md chua phit triln, cle miy mdc thiit bi ham Id cdng suit nhd, trpng lupng khdng Idn, chii y i u su dgng thiit bi thi cdng di chgyin tren ray nhu khoan BY-I miy xuc nnH-4 vv nen su va chgm xung dot giO'a dudng sat va thiit bi xe khoan, miy xuc, miy phun be tdng kh6ng nhiiu Khi c6ng nghg v l thiit bj thi edng hign dgi hon, xuit hign nhiiu loai m i y edng suit Idn May mdc ehuyen dyng nhu xe khoan Tamrock hay Boomer vv khdng chi di chuyin tren dudng ray ma ehu y i u di chuyin tren banh cao su, binh xich Trong nglnh khai thac md, s i lupng guong Id thi cong nhiiu, tiet dien kh6ng Idn, nen thdi gian chu ky ngan Vi vay, miy thi cong phai di chuyin d i thi eong nhiiu guong, di Igi xa Vigc di chuyin d c thiit bj n6i tren lam cho cac t l vgt bj xe djch, khoang elch hai ray khdng gig dupc, d l ba lit bj nen, xd day v.v anh hudng khdng nhd d i n chit Igpng v l n chuyin v l I I nguydn nhan lam chgm t i e dp, mit nhiiu thdi gian xu' ly su c i cam t l u , trat banh xe godng v.v Md via bing giing nghieng dupc thgc hi$n d l d i p irng nhu c i u d i u tu khai trudng mdi Ben egnh nhO'ng thuin loi sO' dung gilng nghieng, cdn ed nhiing khd khan, b i t cap van chuyin ngudi v l thilt bj len xuong thi cdng hing Do dudng len xuing vira d l i , die, tron vv dLi ed lap dgt tdi trp lue hay kheng ciing tieu hao ding k i nguon nang lupng dang phai dupe phgc vy dap Id va san xuat than Cac dudng 16 cang sau, khoing elch tir guong tdi mat d i t d n g xa, ton that nen, nude, thdng gid v l g l l thinh v | n chuyin Idn T i n thit nen chO yeu thit thoat va ma sat tang tai cle m i i n i l i n g N l u khdng thay d i i dudng kinh ong d i n , khoang elch b i tri cac tram ndn trung t i m , thay doi kit c i u vj tri nii i n g v.v thi ap suit va luu lupng nen phyc vy thi edng nhiiu guong, nhilu miy cting hogt dpng se khing dam bao C i c kit qua dgt dupc d o dpt thi dio 16 nhanh chii y l u la t i chu-e lao dpng thi cdng dao, ching Id Odi dao Id dat thinh tieh cao I I dpi ed t i chirc lao dpng tit, trpng dd kit hpp d c cing vide thi e6ng ding thdi nhu sir dyng khoan tay dpng co thuy luc vdi xe khoan Tamrock khoan n i [5] II Nguyen nhan va g i i i phap Nguydn nhin - V i diiu kign dja chit Dieu kien dja chit md viing than Quang Ninh phirc tgp, d l cd c i u tgo khdng on djnh, phay phi u i n n i p nhiiu vv Cac s i lidu ve dgc dilm diiu kign (fla co hpc d l , c i u tnic d l chu y l u dga tren k i t qga thi nghigm qua trinh tham dd, khao sat Vdi khoang d c h giu'a d c diem khoan tham khao sat Idn, nen dgc trung cua d c s i lidu mang tinh dgi dign thip, dp tin e|y, t i e dyng cua d c so lieu phgc vy thiit k l cdng nghg va ching giii' khdng Idn Ngoai ra, chit lupng mlu, k i t qua thu thap mau khoan, tinh chinh xle v l trung thgc thi cdng khoan mau v.v cd anh hudng khdng nhd d i n vigc Iga ehpn, dag tu thilt bj, vgt lleg va d c h i chiiu khoan n i , bic xuc, ching giir Cdng t i e dinh g l l diiu kign dja CO hpc v l ciu true chua quan tam d i y du, ehinh x l e d i n chit Igpng , tinh chat ky thggt ciia da va khoi d l Ban nham thgeh ehi mdi dupc thgc hidn phyc vy khal thic than Cdn thilu hogc lap chua Co gidi hoi vgn chuyen ngudi len xuing ddi s i t x l y dung d o mgt trie dpc thinh 16 Cic hdi kinh phi d i u tu cao, nen khdng phai gilng phuong phip thgc nghigm, thgc dja, dinh diim nghieng nao eung dupc trang bj t l u chd ngudi nhu: RMR (Rock Mass Rating), RQD (Rock hay tdi trp lue D l y cung I I mpt nhu'ng Quality Disignation), Q (Quality), CMRR (Coal nguyen nhin tac dpng d i n sue khoe v l nang Mine Roof Rating) v.v mdi dupc dua v i p cle suit lao dpng cdng trinh mang tinh nghien ciru, thuc nghigm, Bieu kidn phuc vu thiet bi co gioi hoi mCrc chua dgpc cg t h i h o i bang cle van ban diiu hinh cua d c co quan quan ly, mang tinh bat dp cao KHCNM s d 7/2014' CNKT HAM LO Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe md budc SU' dyng thi cdng dio, ching glD' neo cac 16 dpc via than Od kien c i f ciia d l theo Protodiaconov chi la phin tram (hole phan mudi g l l tri khong thir nguyen ciia dp b i n nen dpc tnjc (kG/cm^ hay MPa), khdng phan anh d i y du tinh chit ciia khii d l nhu phin Idp, nirt ne, hay dp m l i mdn, tinh d l khoan de n i v.v la nhO'ng so ligu quan trpng phgc vy c6ng t i c thiit k i Khoang each giira d e diim khao s i t d c h nhay v l i ehgc d i n hing tram met la nguyen nhan chii y i u cua d c sai l$ch v l so lieu dgc dilm dja co hgc da v l khii d l va d o h§ chiiu khoan n i , nhit la hp chilu ching Id - V i trinh dp v l mCre dp thilt bi cp gidi h c l Thilt bj thi cdng phyc vu d o cdng dogn tir phi da, b i c xOc, van chuyin v.v d i n vgt lieu, phuong tign no; vat ligu ching 16 v.v da dupc san xuat nudC hole nhap tir nude ngoii Trong nude, mdi chi san xuit dupe mdt so it thilt bj v l v | t ligu nhu may xCic Igt hdng cua VMC logi VMC-E-500 hay kip vi sai phi dign, chit deo neo ching 16, thuic no nhu tuong vv nhung g l l "thinh c i n cao Dgc trung eo ban eua thiet bj thi c6ng I I : chung loai nhilu, s i lupng it, nhd le (dang giai doan tim kilm) Vi vgy, edng t i c hau mai va chIm sdc khich hang cua c i c hang san xuit, eung irng thilt bj khd khan Thilt bi cd kich thudc Idn, khdng hogt dpng, g l y d n trd vigc di Igi v l v|n chuyin, thdng gid Co gidi h c l dao ching Id chua ding bp Thiit bj miy mdc cd edng suit Idn (xe khoan thuy Igc 1-2 can khoan; miy xuc l i t hdng cdng suit Idn 100-120mVh) cimg vol cac Ipgi thilt bj la nhirng Ipgi miy mdc, thiit bj edng suit nhd; thi dg: xe khoan Tamrock c i n , may xuc Igt hdng LBZ - 500w kit hpp vol xe gpdng m^ v.v hay miy combai d i o 16 d l khdng kdm thiit bj dgp, hut bgi; Nude cung c i p cho may phun suong ddi hoi phai la nude sinh hogt khing c6 l l n vat ligu thd, nhung nude cung cap cho may combai I I nude bom tir ranh Id l l n nhiiu d t , bun Nude cung c i p cho miy phun bd tdng ddi hdi I p suit Idn nhung chiiu cao tir thOng chira nude so vdi may khdng ding k l vv dgng hg thong van chuyin lien tgc ggong, d c ga trinh hai dudng xe d c h guong 16 xa, manp go6ng thu c6ng Chua c6 dinh hudng tip cp qgan quan ly v l thiit bj may mdc, vgt ligu phii hpp vdi diiu kign dja CO hpc d l ciia tirng viing (Mao Khd - Udng Bi; H6n Gai - C i m Pha - Mong Duong - Khe ChIm), tirng khu vgc vdi tirng loai thilt bj thi edng phti hpp vol dac tinh ky thugt dac tinh cdng nghg cua da v l khoi d l Hp chiiu ching giD' v l vat ligu ching giir chua linh hoat va khdng phii hpp vdi dieu kidn cau tgo dja tang Dinh gia chit lupng khoi d l v l SU" dgng ban nham thach chua eg thi, chinh xle Do dd, d i n d i n d o vl ching nhilu dogn khdng chju luc hogc vupt t i i , sii' dgng logi kit cau va vgt lieu ehong khdng tuong thich vdi diiu kien dja ehit nhit I I dudng Id nam tren tnj da cd tinh truong nd Ip ngoai ggp nude v l gid v.v - v i v|t ligu, kit c i u ching glQ' VI ching truyin thing dupc sii' dyng rdng rai I I loai vi ching c h i tgo tir thep hinh lien kit linh hogt bing d c ging vdi lap la phang Vi ching dupc chdn kich ching d l rpi v l phin bo irng suit tren khung bang d c t i m ludi hIn thay cho d c t i m chen be t i n g cot thep due s i n tnj'dc dly Phin Idn elc khoang ring ben ngoai khung ehong khdng duoc chen kich kin Cle gdng khdng dupe xilt tang cudng sag dua vIo su dgng Vi ching neo I I mpt thay d i i , chuyin tir kit cau ching thg dpng ciia vi ching thep sang kit c i g ching tich ci/c, huy dpng su tham gia chju tai ciia da va khii da quanh 16 Neo ching Id khdng nhOng I I bign phip tilt kiem chi phi m l cdn lam gia tang su i n (^nh v l huy dpng su tuong t i e cua khung ching - khii da Khoi lupng vgt lieu ehong 16 bang neo, be tong phun chi bang 1/10 hogc /15, chi phi vat ligu ehi bang 60-75% vi ching thep, dgc bigt I I vgn ehuyen vgt ligu ching giam nhung chua dupe sir dgng biin v.v Neo chua dupc sii' dyng rpng khip va dupe elc me quan t i m dn nhu'ng nguyen nhin: Cdng t i c thi c6ng neo chgm, kh6ng thuan Ipi Chua cc Pho biln thi cdng Id d l la c l e miy cd thilt bj thi cdng phu hpp May khpan nep chii trinh dp CO gidi cao nhung rit it hogc khong sO yeu I I khpan c i m tay Vigc khoan ngupe len ndc KHCNM s6 mow CNKT HAM LO Thdng tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo Id gly nhirng khd khan: + Nude rira Id khoan phun ban v I o ngudi diiu khiln, bat k i miia ddng hay mua he l i m Inh hudng din sire khde va nang suit lao dpng, + Sir dyng khoan ngupe nen kha nang dap, xoa'y bi ngan d n , Igc dap len day Id khoan bi giam, tie dd khoan thip, thdi gian khoan id dli + Khoan xoay, gu diim I I tao dupc su ding dig, sg chinh t i m Ic khoan, nhung khoan xoay dap nen kha nang phi da khdng hieu qua, thdi gian khoan mot id d l i , mui khoan b| m l i m6n nhanh.' Do dd thdi gian khoan 16 lau, nang suit lao dpng kh6ng cao Ching neo mgc du la ehong dd tich cue, huy dpng su l i m vigc ciia khii d l d l tang kha nang tu ehong dd Nhung sg Ip trin trgc tiip eiia khoi da ndc, hdng nen d l g l y su lo nggi eua nggdi cdng nhin v i d l roi, can trd sg thich thii ap dyng ed phin hgn c h i Neo dang sir dyng chga da dgng, phong phii va thay doi phii hpp vdi dilu kign d i t d l Chung logi neo it, ehi mdi cd neo nem che, nem trupt, neo chat deo cit thep, be tdng c i t thep va neo ing Cho nen phgm vi sii' dgng hgn c h i , ddi hdi sg d i p irng eua d l v l khii da ndc rat khat khe Chit deo ddi hdi bao quan mdi trudng dn h6a, khdng q u i n6ng va thdi gian lug kho ngan, cDng gly khd khan eho vigc sii' dgng logi vat lieu ching mdi Be xuat giai phip - V i dilu kign dja co hpc md Cdng nghg dao, ching gitj cac dudng 16 md him Id tir tnj'dc d i n v l tuong lai gan khdng cd nhiiu thay doi Chu trinh thi cing dao ching 16 v l n theo trinh tg: Pha d l , bic xuc, van chuyin, ching giii' dua 16 v I o hogt dpng Cdng tac pha d l co t h i bang miy cat d l (com bai) hay khoan no Hien d e nhi may cp thugc TKV da eung cap kip thdi cac phy kign thay t h i thupng xuydn cho combai nhu ring cit v l linh kign khic O i sir dung combai d i e Id d l , c i n cd dinh g i i , diiu tra cu t h i , nhit I I kha nang eat d l cua miy, sg cgng cap phg kign eua n h i eung irng v l g l l phg kien Hign nay, combai dao 16 d l chga p h i bien, nhit I I da chira nhieu tinh t h i thgch anh Do do, cong tac phi d l trude mit p h i biin v l n la khoan KHCNM s d 7/2014' CNKT HAM LO no min, dd can thilt sii' dgng cac xe khoan nhiiu may khoan cho guong Id tilt dign trung binh va Idn Nen su' dung phoi hpp khpan thuy luc c i m tay d l khoan phin ndc chua xuc dpn d l guong sau no C i c guong Id t i l t dign nhd ndn sO dgng khoan chan ben dpng co thuy Igc Su dgng phuong phip "khoan s l u , ban n|ng" mpt elch hpp ly Guong sau n i da cd kich thudc phii hpp thilt bj bic xuc, vgn chuyen guong v l giam s i lupng chu ky, tang tiin dp thi edng dao Id Be chu ddng thi edng d i o , ching giii' c l e dudng Id, can cd nhu'ng dinh g l l mirc dp i n djnh cua d l v l khii da S u dgng d c phuong phap dinh gia bing d c thiit bj hign trudng, xle djnh mpt s i d i e tinh nhanh chdng Xly dung cle ban d i nham thach, cac m|t cat dgc thinh 16, qua dd, x l e djnh chit lupng v l sg phii hpp cdng nghg, thiit bi thi cdng d i o ching Id Dgc diim dia co hpe khii d l v l da quylt djnh d i n nang suit va sg su' dyng phO hpp thiit bj thi cing Miy mdc thilt bj thi ccng ngly d n g hidn dgi, da dang nhung d6i hdi sg tupng thich v l mdi trudng sii' dung Nhirng nghidn ciru eo ban diiu kign dja eo hpc tirng viing tgi khu vgc md cdn hgn c h i , nen I p dyng co gidi hda, nhat I I CO gidi hda d i o Id Chi cd co gidi hda ding bp thilt bj cdng nghg trinh dp egc mdi giam dupe nhOng lao dpng ngng nhpc v l tang tie dp dao Id Ngly nay, thiit bj thi cdng dupe thilt k l bin, hign dgi v l tien nghi hon Ngoii phin co gidi h o i thilt bi dupe hign dgi nhd vigc lap rap eac bp diiu khiin de nang cap tinh tg dpng gilm bdt su t i c dpng ciia cpn ngudi vao miy mdc, thiit bj, song, vdi cac thiit b| d n g hign dgi can co elch danh g l l , x l e dinh d c dgc tinh da v l khii d l phu hpp vdi thiit bj C i n thilt xay dgng elc so d i thiit bj cing nghg, cdng nghd d i o 16 dac Chung, eho tii'ng khu vuc md dgi dign vdi sg tuong d i i giing ve d c dgc dilm Wj thujt, dgc diim cdng nghg cua d l va khii d l Tdm Igi, vigc phan logi cg t h i chit Igpng khii d l , cag tgp da tirng khu vuc mdi cd t h i sii' dung thiit bj khcan, vat ligu ching Id v l hp chiiu ching Id m l u Do dd, linh vgc danh g l l , x l e dinh tinh chit ky thult cua d l v l khii d l Thong tin khoa hoc cdng nghe md ch^t luxp'ng khoi dd can dupe nghien cu'u ty my, cy t h i han - Ve cdng ngh$ thi edng dao Id * To chLPC lao dpng Nghe md Id mdt nghi lao ddng d|c thu, Idm vipe mdi tnj'd'ng md sau thieu dnh sang vd khdng Vi the, vipe dao tgo, huan luyen ky nang va trinh dp tay nghe dirffc Tap doan rat quan tam Thiet bj cang hien dai, da chLcc nang thi'ngu'ai lao ddng cang c^n dup'c boi difdng, huJin luyen va trao ddi hpc hdi kinh nghiem sO dung To chu'c lao dpng doi vd'i cac dpi thp- dao Id hay cdng ty xay di^rng md h^m 16 Id nhu'ng don vi khdng on djnh vh vj tri dia ly cung nhu vj tri Idm vi$c c^n cd nhij-ng thay doi phu hpp khoa hpc de huy dpng toi da thiet bj cc gidi ve thdi gian, tang nang suat lao dpng * Mdy moc thiet bj T6C dp va nang suat lao dpng chi cd t h i tang Idn ed thay doi v l thiet bj thi cdng a trinh dp eo gid'i hod cao, dong bp vdi dpi ngu cdng nhan dup'c huan luyen lanh nghi C^n hud'ng td'i trang bJ day chuyin c h i tgo may mdc ehuyen dyng nu6c de cung cap tgi cho khdng chi mdy chinh md cdn linh kien, thilt bj thay t h i Qua gan ni>a the ky nhdp thiet bi thi cdng tu may khoan den may ddo 16, d i n nay, can co s u ^ n h hud'ng v l nhap khau cua cc quan quan ly Gan viec nhap thilt bj vdi c h i dp bao hanh vd h|u mai Muon the, can c6 djnh hudng tLC nha quan ly d l tgp trung chung logi thilt bj, xdy dyng cdc xud'ng, cdc pilot che tgo cung cap cac phu kien chdng hdng, thay t h i thud'ng xuyen Nghien CCFU Idp rdp thiet bj khoan neo nham cai thien (Seu kign Idm vi$c cho cdng nhdn Sudyng may khoan cdng suat Idn, md men xoan cao nhu cdc mdy khoan neo chuyen dyng su dyng dpng ca thuy lyxs nhu xe Idioan hay khoan chan ben v6i tay dilu khien xa {Jambo, Wombat) Nghien cuu, due rut kinh nhigm s u dyng khoan thuy lyc doi vdi cdc dan vj xdy dyng md hsim 16 thud'ng xuyen thay doi vj tri ddo Id phing, neo chat deo, neo BTCT Qui chuin kich cd, hO chilu ehong neo tren cc sd kich thud'c dudng Id; tilt dien nho, trung binh, Id'n vdi cdc dgc tinh dd phu hp'p Tang cud'ng vd phdt triln rpng rai mpt s6 logi neo tinh nang Idm vi$c sd'm, kha nang bdm dinh cao, thi cdng nhanh, thugn tien, gia thdnh neo re nhu neo ong cot be tdng nd the tich dong ran Neo cap ehong giu cde nga ba, cdc 16 tilt dien Idn vd cdc Id khai thdc 111 Co* so* t h i l t lap s c dd t h i l t bj cong nghe va cdng ngh$ mdu Trong thi cdng dao 16 hien nay, de cd day chuyin edng nghe dam bao dgt myc tieu toe dp vd nang suat chung ta phai lya chpn, phoi hep vd dieu ehmh eho moi edng dogn ehu ky ddo Id toi uu nhat, hay thdi gian eua moi cdng doan ngan nhat Cdng nghe dao Id cd the su dyng hai phuang phap pha da ca ban, dd la: phd dd bang khoan no va pha dd bang thiet bj cat (combai), du su dung phuang phap phd dd ndo thi cdng dogn cua moi chu ky ddo Id theo trinh ty: 1- Khoan, nap no thdng gi6; 2- Lap dung vi ehong tgm; 3- Boc xuc vgn chuyin da; 4- Lap dyng vi ehong c6 djnh; 5- Cac edng tdc phu trp lam sgch guang cho edng viec tilp theo Tu* cdc cdng thuc xdc 3\nh thai gian todn chu ky va thd'i gian tung cdng dogn, chung ta cd the b l tri, sap x i p , lua ehpn thilt bj, to ehCrc lao dpng de ed cdng nghg hodn thign Thai gian hodn thdnh mot chu ky ddc Id dupc xdc ^ n h theo [1] (1): Tc = T1 + T2 + T3 + T4 + T5 , phut (1) Trong d d : T1 = tk + tn + tdd; er ddy : ^ = | t = ^ = ^ ' ' ' ^ ^ = ^ ^ i^,-^)h^U^U-, hay thd'i gian: Nghien ciiu ap dyng da dgng hod neo d l ching giy lien tyc t^t ca cdc dud'ng 16 thi cdng da, tilt dien dud'ng Id tu trung binh Tip cdng thirc tren t h i y rang, KR v l Vk quylt den riit lan nhu: neo cap, neo linh hogt, neo Ing (Inh d i n giam thdi gian cdng dcgn khoan no KHCNM s d 7/2014' CNKT HAM L Thdng tin khoa hoc cong nghe md te - Thd'i gian c i n thiet de egy om sau nd min, phut; t? - Thd'i gian c i n thilt d l an todn budc ehong ndc 16, cdng/phOt; p - Tiln dp ehong ndc, m; T\2 - S6 lup'ng ngud'i cung lam vigc Mpt thi dy v l xac (^nh thdi gian khoan, ngp dau ddy cdng tac khoan nd cho thay, muon giam chi phf thd'i gian cho cdng dogn + £ t + a * : i , + ^ , , + M.,£ii (3) khoan n l truo-c tien c i n SIIJ* dyng thilt bj khoan vd'i t i c dp phd dd cao, s i mdy khoan hogt Trong do: dpng ding thd'i tdn, ngp, d i u day thu^n ti$n Mgt Nl - S6 lupng l5 khoan ngp min; khac, cac cdng dogn theo thdi gian tCc T2 d i n T5 II - Chilu sdu lo min; c i n lya chpn thilt bj, nhan edng phye vy hpp ly vai nang suit thiet bj dam bao Kk - S6 lupng may khoan ciJng hogt dpng; vk thiit bi khoan Vk-T6ed0 khoan lo m/phut; Cdc thilt bj khoan su dyng ndng lypnjg tl - Thdi gian nap thuoc n l cho mpt Id min, nen (khoan d m tay PR-30 hay YT hay cdc ddn tinh trung binh cho todn bO s6 lo, phut; ta - Thdi gian ngp bua min, tinh tmng binh cho xe khoan nhu BU-1 cua Nga) hogt dOng theo nguyen 1;^ dap xoay Trong sy dgp phd dd cOa t i t cde cac 15, phut; m - S6 lupng thp' Id lam vipe ngp bua min; d i u mui khoan Id chO dgo, vdng xoay cua cin, mui khoan d l thay d l i vj tri d^p cOa d i u mui ta - Thdi gian c i n thilt d l dau noi day tu khoan Cdc logi xe khoan nhu Tamrock; BTRLhai Id vdi nhau, phut; 2dnll Jumbo, Boomer hogt dpng theo nguyen t4 - Thdi gian can de noi day cdi vd'i mdy n l ly xoay dgp d l nghiln phd dd, sy dyng dpng ca min, phut; thuy lyc Vigc su dyng cdc dan xe khoan, nhlt tio - Thdi gian d l dyng dup'c mpt vi ching, Id dan xe khoan sy dyng dpng ca thu^ lyc hcgt cdng phOt; dpng theo kilu xoay dgp dyp'c sO* dyng rpng rdi til - Thdi gian c i n d l hoan thien dyng vi thi cdng h i m , dilu kipn dd c6 dO bin nen cao vd tinh mdi mon vgt lieu cua dd t6'n Mgt ching, cdng phut; khac, vd'i to hp'p dan xe khoan bao g i m hodc p - Tiln dp mpt chu ky tiln guang, m; may khoan ding thd'i cung Idm vi^c phu hpp r - Khoang cdch vi ehong, m; vdi mye tidu giam th6'i gian khoan Nhu vdy, vigc ns - S6 cdng nhdn cung lam viec ehong vi; dau tu thilt bj to hp'p xe khoan ddng vai trd quan v|/-He so d l y godng; trpng d l gdp phin giam thd'i gian khoan, tang Qg - The tieh godng, m^; hlpu qua no min, tang dong d i u kich thCre dd sau Qcz - The tich xuc d l y g i u , m^; no ta- Thdi gian mdt ehu ky xuc gau, phut; Song, khdng phai md ndo cung ed du dilu t9 -Thdi gian trao doi godng, day godng d i n kien de dau t u mpt vai dan xe khoan, nen cin thilt phai d i u tu mdy khoan thuy lye elm tay tilp nhgn vd godng, phut; m - S6 lupng may xuc cung lam vi$e eac dudng Id cang sau, xa cCra Id, xa trgm nen co d|nh v6i ton hao dp suit vd luu lypng gyang; J - S6 lypng godng c i n de chua h i t khii ndn Id-n Di ddi vd'i may khoan elm tay cung ding thdi lup'ng dd n l min, so lupng mdy xuc cung lam vigc dong thai guang; lam vigc, van de c i n luu