BL KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO 7 NGHIEN Cl)U THUfNGHIEM SUTDUNG KIP VI SAI PHI DIEN TRONG DAO LO V A K H A I THAC rni cnc MO hnivi LO VUNG QUANG NINH KS NONG VIET HUNG, KS NGUYEN XUAN TRUONG, KS N G U Y[.]
BL KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO NGHIEN Cl)U THUfNGHIEM SUTDUNG KIP VI SAI PHI DIEN TRONG DAO LO V A K H A I T H A C rni cnc MO hnivi LO VUNG QUANG NINH KS NONG VIET HUNG, KS NGUYEN XUAN TRUONG, KS N G U Y I N TRI THANG, KS IRAN PHUC DjNH VA NNK Vien KHCN Mo-Vinacomin M dt nhdng edng nghe nd tien tiln hign dang dp dgng la cdng nghe nd su dung kip vi sai phi dien Phuong phdp nd bdng kip vi sai phi dien dug'c coi Id phuang phap nd dac trung va hieu qua nhlt nd cae edng trinh cdn cd dp an toan, ehinh xac cao, giam thilu da qua ed, chin dgng cua vg nd tdi kit clu chdng cdng trinh, ddt dd vdng xa Ddc dilm ndi bat eua edng nghg n l Id su dung ngdi nd phi dign ed thdi gian gian each khdc nhau, tgo nen thdi dilm nd khde giiJa edc Id min, hdng min, lam tang hi^u qua pha vd da Nhu vay, ciJng vdi edc tiln bd khoa hoc ky thugt, cdc phuang phdp nd eung nhu chung logi vdt ligu nd ngdy mdt tien tiln, an todn han eho phep edng tde khoan bin khai thde khodng san gia tang mue dp an todn cho ngudi su dgng, giam thilu cdc tde ddng tieu cue din mdi trudng dao Id vd khai thac than dap ung mdt cdc tieu chi "Cdng nghe nd than thien vdi mdi trudng" Phuang phap nd bdng kip vi sai phi dien Phuong phdp n l bdng kip vi sai phi dien nhu tren hign dang duge su dgng bdn pha vd dIt da tai edc md than Ip thien vung Quang Ninh, Thdi Nguyen, Lgng San vd mdt sd edng trinh khai thde vat ligu xdy dg'ng ed qui md idn Cdng nghe phd da chu y l u dugc su dung ta[cac dudng Id md la edng nghe khoan nd Di kieh n l cdc thdi thuoc nd mgng nd ngudi ta su dgng chat kich nd Chdt kich nd thdng thudng Id kip n l Hign cdng nghigp khai tilde than hdm Id dang su dgng hai logi kip nd, dd la: kip vi sai dign vd kip vi sai phi dign Kip no Id phuang tien kich n l , thudng dudC clu tgo bdng phdn tu: hgt lua, CfiNG NGHllP MO SO - bd phan lam cham hoac tdng lua vd dng nd Kip n§ tao mdt sdng dp suit cao (sdng xung kich) gay nd khdi thudc nd chinh Theo tdc dgng kich nd ban ddu cd kip nd tia lua, kip nd dien, kip n l dap Theo thdi gian chdm nd, kip cd edc loai kip nd vi sai di?n va kip n l vi sai phi dien Kip nd vi sai dign la kip nd an todn him Id 6iigc su dgng rdng rdi d l nd phd da, than cac md hdm Id Viet Nam Kip nd vi sai phi dien gom dng nd vi sai miligidy vd dng nd ed chilu dai 2; 3; 5; 8; hoac 10 m (theo yeu clu cua ngudi su dgng) Dung d l gdy no thudc nd manh, thudc n l nhO tuang, day nd, dng ddn nd va cae phg lieu khac Dudng ddn nd ddi m, dd bin cua ddy dan no l 18 kg Kip nd phi dien vi sai Vipt Nam san xull cd dac dilm khde ddi vdi muc dich su dgng khdc nhau: a Doi vdn mo lg thien -> Loai kip nd dung cho md Id thien, chilu d^i day ddn Id: 3; 6; 9; 12 m ed mau vang, thdi gian ehdy chdm danh djnh: 17; 25; 42; 100 m/s; • Loai kip nd dung dua xudng Id khoan, chi^u ddi ddy dan la: 3; 6; 9; 12; 15; 18; 21; 24 m Th| gian chay chgm danh djnh: 200; 400; 600 m/s | b Doi vai mo ham Id • Loai thudc n l dung him Id (khi khong cd bui nd), day ddn mdu do, chilu ddi ddy nfi: 3; 4; 5; m; • Cdu tao kip vi sai phi dign bao gdm W phdn ca ban chinh hinh H.l Kip vi sal phi dign ed edu tgo nhu sau: MOt 6hii eua dng tin hieu kgp chdt vao kip nd nhd mOt niit kin Trong kip nd cd mgt dng bdn din d l truyen cdc dign tieh tich tg dng than cua kip fi4 md khdng gdy tia lua dign Dau duge b[t Wn tai xudng san xult d l trdnh hai am thdm nhdp v*i va gin vdi mdc chd J, the ghi thdi gian vi sai KHOA HOC VA CfiNG NGH| M O H ciu tao CO ban cua kip nd vi sai phi dien o l ddp dng tic dp iSdc Id bdng vd gilng mang nd, edi; ro - Dien trd ndi cua ngudn, dm; nghidng, gilng ddng Id bdng qua trinh xdy R - Dign trd cua mang day ddn dign, dm dg'ng md mdi va md them khu vu-c khai thde Viec ddu ndi eac day kip vdi mdi cae md, ddi hdi phai ca gidi hod ddng bd tu khoan trudng md bj anh hudng cac ylu td sau: no min, xuc bde vdn tai din ehdng giu dudng Id • Dp Im mdi trudng cd thi guang Id bj dot Trong cde ndm gdn day nhilu md da Idp rap va nude, cac mdi ndi bi "mat" rd ri dien; dua vdo van hdnh bdng tai vgn chuyin da Su • Day ddn bj va ddp Idm biln dang, dut nglm;, dgng cdc may xuc Idt hdng, may xuc cdo va va cae • Cdc mdi nli tilp xue khdng chat, cd thi bi rd;, phuang ti^n xuc bde edng suit Idn B& ddp dng • Cae mdi ndi cd thi bj sdt dilu kien khdng phuang tign, thilt bj xuc bde van tai ddc bigt la vdn du dnh sdng diu ndi tai bdng bang tai, ddi hdi cd hat dd phai dap ung Cde anh hudng tren anh hudng din higu qua kich thudc (^300 mm ddi vdi chilu rgng bdng tai nd Khi khdi nd cdng suit may khdng du c cong pha Idn rat thuan ti$n cho viec phS da dg kien cd Idn S6 lu'gng lo khoan gu-ang 16 Xac dinh sd lu'gng Id khoan gu'ong 16 dao, thyc hien theo cdng thdc ctia GS Pakrovski H.M (5) NG=(Nb+Nrf),(5) Qt.t=q.Sd.nJ.kg (10)/ Trong dd: I - Chilu sau (3 min, m; ii - H# so ^ dung Id Hieu qua nd bang kip dien vi sai cac mo h^m Id Viet nam N l bang kip dien vi sai la tiln bg kS? thuyit n l pha da va n l tao bien Nlu so sanh vdi n l bing kip dien tuc thdi thi hieu c dp niX fcVs^-B (6) Nb ne, mifc dp sung nuac cua da v.v thi ylu t l anh hudng tryc tilp d i n hi#u qua nd la s i Jugng m^[ C-Vs^-B^^ thoang klii n l Kip dien vi sai cd t h i tgo dupc q-Sdcac mat thoang thu" ty n l , sy chenh bang miligiay ma kip dien tuc thdi khdng co dugc (7) Mac du vay, theo ddi qua trinh n l ttii Trong do: Nb - S6 lo khoan bien mpt tidn dp cdng dao Id tai cac md than him Id Vi0t Nam dao n6 min, lo; Nrf - S6 Id khoan tao rach chu su dyng kip dien vi sai thiy van co nhOng nhtrgiq ky, lo; Nc - T6ng s6 Id khoan tren gu'cng chu dilm la: ky, lo; C - He sd phu thupc vao hinh dang du'ong Id • Kich thudc cd hat da sau cac lin n l khdng dao; Tb - Khoang each giifa cac Id bien, m; Sd - d i u nhau; Dien tich tilt di^n 16 dao, m^; B - Chidu rpng • Lup'ng da cd kich thud'e Idn hon kich cua du-dng 16, m; q - Lup'ng thudc n6 dan vj, kg/m , thudc yeu c l u cua phuang tien van tai (chu yeu 70 - Chi phi thudc n6 cho met dai Id khoan tren la van tai bing bang tai) nhilu, anh hudng den bien, kg/m; y - Chi phi thu6c n6 trung binh cho tudi thp ciJa bang tai va gay cac su c l dut bSng, met dai 16 khoan, liy bing: hdng lan ; y = (A,m,a,b), kg/m, (8) • He sd su dyng Id khoan khong ding diu, chl Trong do: A - M^t thudc n l , T/m^; m - T h i tich dat 75H-80 % (ddi thip han) chilu sau l6 min; ,, thuic n l tren met dai Id khoan, liy bing: • He so thCra tiet di0n cao > 10 %; •; m=0,785,d,^, m^; dt - Du'O'ng kinh thoi thuic, m; a • Da sau n l vang xa, xuc may xuc phai He s6 nap diy thuic; b - H§ so nen chat thuic danh lugng thai gian d l gom da lai, nen he so dSy Id khoan gau xuc, giu keo khdng cao; • Chilu sau 16 chu ky • Hien lup'ng bo Id, sdt Id phai xu ly cam Trong thi cong dao Id, chieu sau 16 phu khong thudng xuyen nhung van xiy thupc vao tilt dien du'ong Id, thilt bj thi cdng, tinh N I tao bien thyc su cd hieu qua sJ chit da, bilu d l t l chdc chu ky dao Id Chilu sau dung kip nd vi sai phi difn, tao dugc cac m$t 16 qua Idn thuic nd khdng pha du'gc da hay thoang, bdo tach da va Idp da thu$n Ip-i, khong l^m pha huy sau dit da bao quanh bien tao nen sy vao dudng bien thilt k l , vi vay nd tao bien c6 thifa tilt dien, khong pha d l lai da nin lam cho nhij'ng uu dilm: viec su' dung 16 khoan thip hoac khdng du tilt dien 2.1 Wu diem SLf dung, •> Giam dugc h# s i thu'a tilt dien, nhd giam Chilu sau lo GS Pakrovski H,M d l xuit dugc chi phi xuc b i c vgn tai va cdng tac chen lip dugc xac djnh dya tren dien tich tilt dien Id dao sau khung ching, _ nhu sau: • Tang dp I n djnh dat da bao quang dudng l = 0.5.Vs,m (9) it ldi Idm, giam bdt c^c vj tri ldi I5m gSy t ^ •:• Lup'ng thuic n l cho mpt chu ky dao 16 trung dng suit, giam hf sd can gid, ty khf dgc trfin Theo GS Pakrovski H, M Lugng thuic n l tinh cac vung Idm bien Id, dd giam chl phi bSo cho mpt chu ky dao 16 phy thupc v^o di#n tich du&ng dudng Id dud'ng Id, vao chieu s§u Id va lugng thuic n l • Dk it nut ne sau v^o ben khli dd, giSffl dan vj dugc x^c djnh theo cdng thuc (7): nhan cdng chen da sau khung chong, sau khung CftNGNBm|PMis65-20U KHOA HOC VA CONG HGHE MO :h6ng dugc ch6n khft khdng gay cSc tac dOng eye 3d If n khung chong dd giam su pha huy cu^c 3$ cua i>ng suit tap trung va tac dpng cua dp luc no Khi su dyng cdc vi chdng nh? nhu neo, bf dng phun tdng tinh my quan cua dudng Id, gdp 3hln cai thifn dieu kien lam viec cho cdng nhan 2.2 Nhuyc diem *> o l nd tao bifn dat hifu qua, khoang ::dch cdc l3 bien phai dilu chtnh ngdn lai, tuc Id phai tang them sd l5 bien tdm tang thf m thdi gian khoan, thdi gian n^p thudc no; • Tdng chi phi cho cdng tac n l min, vd chi phi ca mdy nhat Id ddi vdi cac loai may cd gid cao, chi phi khau hao Idn; • Tang thfm (khi cdn thilt) cdc lo trdng khdng nap thuic, lam tang thdi gian khoan va chi phi khoan; • Ddi phdi thay ddi kich thudc Id khoan, lam thay dli va d6l h6i cac loai mui khoan dudng kinh nhd han, cd the chodng khoan phai thay loai dudng kinh nho han phii hgp dudng kinh l6 khoan Idm tdng thfm muc dO phi>c tgp b l tri vdt tu thilt bj khoan; • Cd thi phai thay ddi loai thuic nd, kich thudc thuic n l nhu dudng kinh thdi thudc nd; • Khoang cdch cdc l5 khoan phai chinh xac han thi hifu qua tao bifn mdi tot, Tom lai nd tgo bifn se tin thdi gian va tdng kinh phi thi c6ng khoan, no, 2.3 Bu>&c dau ap dyng Phuang phdp nd bdng kip vi sai phi dien dugc coi Id phuang phdp nd dac trung va hifu qua nhit n l cdc cdng trinh cdn co dp an todn, chinh xdc cao, Ddc diem no! bgt cua cdng nghe nd la su dyng ngdi no phi difn cd thdi gian gian cdch khdc nhau, tgo nf n thdi diem n l khdc gii>a cdc 16 min, hdng min, ldm tdng hifu qua phd va da Hf thing kich n l bing kip vi sai phi dien la qua trinh truyin tin hifu nd dugc thyc hifn dng nhya, D6 Id mOt Ing nhya cd cau tao hai Idp, phia dugc phu mft Idp bft hoat tinh Khi dugc kich n l , Idp bft hogt tfnh bfn se dugc chuyin hod rit nhanh, lan truyen vdi tdc dO 2000m/s vd truyfn tin hifu din kip no Dilm khdc biet Id tgo nfn thdi glan gian cdch vi sai chlnh la clu tgo cua diu n l Khi dugc khdi nd, sdng tin hifu n l dugc truyin tir l5 khai n l va theo thu ty se truyfn din tlt ca cdc l5 Chlnh sy lan truyin song theo hudng 6\r\h sin dd tgo nfn sy va dfp qua lgi glOa cdc l5 min, hdng m)n vd dd lam tdng hifu qud v&ddpdd Nhu vdy, CLing vdi cac tiln bf khoa hgc ky thuft, cdc phugng phdp n l cOng nhu chung I^J logi vat lifu n l mdt tien tiln, an todn han cho phep cdng tdc khoan bin khai thdc khoang san gia tdng muc ddar*-toan cho ngudi su dung, giam thilu cdc tdc ddng tieu cue din mdi trudng khai thdc than Phuang phdp nd bdng kip vi sai phi dien nhu trfn budc diu dang dugc ap dung tgi cac dudng 16 dao da khong cd byi nd tai cac mo him 16 Quang Ninh dugc Cye An todn Bp Cdng Thuang kilm tra tardc cho phep dp dyng Kit qua dp dyng budc ddu cho thdy, hifu qua nd dugc cai thifn dang k l , hf s i su dyng 16 dgt 90-^95 %, khdng eo hifn tugng bo 16, da nd tai vyn, khdng cd dd qud cd, phii hgp vdi van chuyin bdng bang tai va giu xuc cua may xCic lat h6ng eung nhu edc loai may xuc khdc md hdm Id Do dd, gdp phin ndng cao tic ddo cac dudng 16 da cdc md him id Quang Ninh Kit qua nghien cuu eua df tai c6 y nghta quan trpng ddi vdi ngdnh than Vift Nam, dilu dugc thi hifn qua cdc cht tif u: 2.4 nghta khoa ht?c va thiec tien san xuat Wang cao trinh dp chuyen mdn va trinh dp nghien cdu dp dyng tien bp ky thuft md ITnh vyc khoan no min; md triln vgng che tgo va su dyng vft lifu hoa nude, gop phdn nang cao dp an toan, ndng suit lao dpng, nang cao tic dp ddo Id dd hifn cua Tap dodn c6ng nghiep than khoan san Vift Nam gop phdn phdt trien nganh than 2.5 Hieu qua kinh te xa hgi Cac chi tieu ky thuat cua kinh t l cOa c6ng nghe nd bdng kip vi sai phi difn thf hien qua cac thing ke: • Hf s i su dyng lo dat 904-95 %; • Khong c6 hifn tugng n l bo 16; • Kich thudc cd hgt