H t l KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO VIET NAM y, BAN KIEN NGHj GUI LANH DAO DANG VA NHA NlTOC VE VIEC TRIEN KHAI CAC DlT AN BAUXIT TAY NGUYEN VA D!NH HUOTNG PHAT TRIEN NGANH CONG NGHIEP BAUXIT NHOM VIET NAM[.]
H t l KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO VIET NAM y,BAN KIEN NGHj GUI LANH DAO DANG VA NHA NlTOC VE VIEC TRIEN KHAI CAC DlT AN BAUXIT TAY NGUYEN VA D!NH HUOTNG PHAT TRIEN NGANH CONG NGHIEP BAUXIT-NHOM VIET NAM Lai cua Ban Bien tap: G§n day, tren cac phu-ang tien thong tin dai chung da xulit hien mot s6 bai vi§t, y kiln trai chi§u, tham chi khong mang tinh xay du'ng v l Dy an Bauxit Tay Nguyen Hoi Khoa hoc va Cong nghe IV16 Viet Nam nhan thiiy c6 trach nhiem phai bay to mot s6 quan diem cua Hoi v§ v§n de va 28/8/2014 da vi§t Ban kiln nghj gi>i cac vj lanh dao Dang, Nha nu-ac va cac Bo, Nganh, dja phu'cng c6 lien quan Chung toi xin dang nguyen van Ban kien nghi de ban doc du'cxc biet CQNG HOA XA HQI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM Dpc l$p •Tydo- H^nh phuc HQI KHOA HQC&CONG NGHE M VIET NAM SO: 58 HM/BC Ha NQI, 28 th^ng 08 nam 2014 Kinh gui: - Ong Nguyen Phu Trpng, T6ng Bi thu' BCHTU' Dang C^ng san Vi^t Nam; - Ong Tru-cng T^n Sang, Chu tjch nu-ac Cong h6a XHCN Vi^t Nam; - Ong Nguyin Tan Dung, Thu tu-ang Chinh phu nu-dc CH XHCN Vi^t Nam; - Ong Nguyin Sinh Hung, Chu tjch Qu6c hoi nu-^c CH XHCN Vi^t Nam; - Ong Nguyin Thien Nhan, Chu tjch UBTU' IVlat tr$n T6 qu6c Vi^t Nam; - Ong D$ng Ngpc Tung, Chu tjch Ting Lien 6odn Lao dOng Vi^t Nam; - Ong Vu Huy Hoang, Bp truong Bp Cong Thuffng; - Ong Nguyin Minh Quang, Bp tru-ang Bp Tai nguydn vd Mdi tru-^ng; - Ong Nguyin Quan, Bp tru-ang 8p Khoa hoc va Cong nghe; - Ong Oang Vu Minh, Chu tjch Lien hiep cac Hoi KHKT Viet Nam; - Tfnh uy; Uy ban Nhan dan tlnh Lam B6ng; - TJnh uy; Uy ban Nhan dan tfnh DSk Nong Theo nhilu tai lieu tham da du'pc cong b6 thi Viet Nam c6 ting tai nguyen tru" lu'p'ng bauxit khoang tren ty tin, thupc mot nam nu-oc c6 trO' lu'png bauxit hang d^u cua thi giai Phat triln nganh cong nghiep khai thac bauxit, chi biln alumin, luyen nhom d l sir dung nu-oc va xuat khiu la chu tru-ffng du-pc Dang v& Nh^ nu'6'c d§c biet quan tam, lien tyc dupe de Nghj quylt hai ky Dai hoi IX va X cua Dang Cong san Vipt Nam Ngay 24/4/2009 Bp Chinh trj cung da Thong bao s6 245-TB/TW v l "Quy ho?ch phan vung tham do, khai thac, chi biln, sii dung bauxit giai doan 2007-2015, co xet din nam 2025" Thyc hien nghj quylt cua Dang, Chinh phu da chf dao xay dyng va phe duyet "Quy hoach phan vung tham do, khai thac, chi biln, sit dung bauxit giai doan 2007-^2015, c6 xet din nam 2025" va\ nhij-ng bu'd'C di cu t h i va chi dao triln khai hai 6\^ an khai thac bauxit, san xuat alumin dSu tien tgi Tan Rai (Bao Lam, Lam 06ng) va Nhan Co (Dlk Nong) Chinh phu cijng da giao cho Tap doan Cong nghiep Than-Khoang san Viet Nam la dan vj CO kinh nghiem khai thac khoang san lam chu diu tu" thyc hien hai dy an neu tren Nhi>ng ngu'ai thp mo Viet Nam noi chung va hon 4000 hoi vien Hoi Khoa hoc va Cong nghp Mo Vipt Nam noi heng hit SLPC ty hao vi du'pc Dang va Nha nu'ac tin tifong, giao cho trpng trach - la nhOng ngu-oi di tien phong viec xay dyng va phat triln nganh cong nghipp bauxit-nhom Vi^t Nam, Mac du cong nghipp nhom cija thi giai da hinh va phat triln ti> tren 100 nSm nhu-ng doi vat Vipt Nam thi day Id mpt ngdnh c6ng nghipp hodn CONG NGHIEP MO SO - ^ | I^J_ HOI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO VIET NAM todn mai me va nhOng ngu'ai lam rno nu-o-c ta chu'a CO kinh nghiem Tuy nhien, nhan thiy trach nhiem to Ian cua minli, vai taiyln thing ve vang cua nguai tho' mo va tinh thin "San xult than cung nhu- quan dpi danh giac" (H6 Chi Minh; 15/11/1968), nhu-ng ngLfai u-u tu cua nganh mo da vac ba 16 v l dyng cac Ian, tr^i a nui n>ng Tay Nguyen, mang siic lao dong, kiln thu-c va tri tue cua minh, vu-pl qua v6 van khd khan ban diu vai mong muln "danh thu-c tilm nang khoang san cua Tay Nguyen" Sau nhilu tranh luan, ban cai, cac dy an bauxit Tay Nguyen da du'pc triln khai thyc hien va du'p'c cac ding chi lanh dao Dang va Nha nu'ac, lanh dao va nhan dan hai tlnh Lam Ding va Dlk Nong tao nhilu dilu kien thuan Ipi, chi dao sat sao, theo doi, dong vien nen that dang mCrng la dy an bauxitnhom Lam D6ng da cho nhOng tin san phim alumin diu tien tCf cu6i nam 2012 Mil chung ta dIu hilu ring Tay Nguyen la mot khu vyc ru'ng nui, c6 nhilu dan toe, nhay cam v l moi tru'ang va kinh tl-xa hoi, an niph, quie phong Ngoai ra, viec khai thac va chi biln bauxit se lam phat sinh mot lu'png ian bun chtja cac chit c6 hai, CO thi tac dong xlu tai moi tru'ang Vi vay, vipc triln khai cac dy an bauxit a Tay Nguyen du'pc du' luan ca nu'ac quan tam va gop nhilu y kiln xay du'ng Dilu khiln cho nhC^ng ngu'ai lam mo chung toi than trpng moi suy nghT va hanh dong, tim nhOng giai phap t l i u'u, vu-pt qua nhOng tra ngai, d l nhijng ding tiln cua Nha nu'ac va nhcin dan da bo dIu tu' cho cac dy an bauxit mang lai hieu qua Tuy nhien, gin day, tren cac phu'ong tipn thong tin dai chung vin xult hien mot s i y kiln trai chieu, tham chi khong mang tinh xay dyng, trai vai long mong moi cua nhan dan, Dang bp va Chinh quyin hai tlnh Lam Ding va Dlk Nong Cac hoi vien Hoi Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Mo Viet Nam nhgn thiy c6 trach nhiem phai bay to mot s i quan dilm, d l xult nhOng giai phap kiln nghj vai Lanh dao Dang va Nha nu'ac, cac Co quan hu'u quan d l cac dong chi xem xet, c6 nhij-ng y kiln chi dao, tao dilu kien thuc day cac du- an bauxit "Quy hoach phan vung tham do, khai thac, chi biln, si> dung bauxit giai doan 2007-2015, c6 xet din nam 2025" triln khai thyc hien dat du-ac nhOng muc tieu da d l ra, gop phin vao su phat triln kinh tl-xa hOi chung cua ca nuac va cua Tay Nguyen Trien khai cac dip an bauxit lam thay ddi bp mat Tay Nguyen, mang lai hieu qua kinh t l xa hpi, dam bao an ninh qu6c phong Vai moi quic gia, vipc khai thSc va sir di^ng tai nguy§n khoang san sin c6 long d i t dIu CONG NGHIEP MO SO - du-ac coi la qu6c sach, can thiet d§ phdt trien dIt nu'ac Tai nguyen bauxit Tay Nguyen c6 trO lu'png Ian, lai d i khai thac, nlu du-ac dIu txi khai thac, che biln, se mang lai nguin lo'i ddng k l cho dIt nyac dap LPng nhu clu san phIm alumin cho nganh luy§n kim nu-ac va xult khIu, gop phIn giam nhap si§u, tang ngudn thu ngan sach, tao cong an w?c lam cho cong ding dan cu- dia phu-ang Lo'i ich thIy du'pc ma cac Dy an khai thac bauxit va chi biln alumin mang lai cho T§y Nguygn khong chi la hang nam dong gop tryc tilp v l tai chinh cho Ngan sach nha nu'ac Trung u-ang vk dia phuang ma mot nguIn lo'i khac Ian han nhilu, chinh la tao nin mong ban dIu cho sy hinh cac cum cong nghiep bauxit-alumin-nh6m, keo theo sy phat triln ding hanh cua cac ng^nh kinh t l khac nhu' cong nghiep c h i tao san phlmti> nhom, cong nghiep phu trp", giao thong_ vgn tai, thu'ang mai va dich vu Day la tiln d l d l tao nen sy chuyin dli ca c l u kinh t l cho khu vyc Tay Nguyen, chij y l u tO thuin nong-lam nghipp chuyin sang kinh t l da nganh nghi, c6ng nghi?p va dich vu theo huang hien dai 1.1 vi hieu qua kinh te cua cac Dyan Cong nghiep bauxit-nh6m la mot nganh rlt m6l me dli vai Viet Nam Chung ta c6 nguIn tai nguyen khoang san nhu-ng lai khong c6 hoac c6 khong dang k l cac ylu t l khac nhu: nguIn tai chinh, ca sa ting, chuyen gia, nhan lye chuyen nganh, kinh nghiem, cong nghe, ky nang quan ly Tuy nhien, nha sy quan tam chi dao ciJa lanh dao cac cap ma cac dy an bauxit-alumin da dupe triln khai c6 kit qua Hieu qua kinh t l cua cac Dy an da dupe cac ca quan tu vin tinh toan, thim djnh va khing djnh la CO Thang nam 2014 vua qua, mot doan giam sat cua Uy ban Thuang vu QuIc hoi din Tay Nguyen khao sat thyc dia hai du an, lam viec vai Chu dIu tif va chinh quyIn hai tlnh Lam Ding va Dlk Nong Sau Tap doan Cong nghipp Than-Khoang san Viet Nam cung da gi>i "Bao cao cac noi dung theo yeu cau cua Doan giam sat cho UBTV QuIc hOi ve hai dy an bauxit Tan Rai va Nhan Ca", 36 cung giai trinh ro v l hieu qua kinh t l cua cac dy ^n va khIng djnh la c6 hieu qua Cung xin trinh bay them ring viec danh gia hi§u qua kinh t l cua dy ^n thuang dya tren cac du bao, dgc biet !a cSc dy bao v l su biln dong cua gia va nhu clu tieu thg san phIm tren thj truang tuang lai nen cdc s6 li?u tinh toan c6 t h i chua chinh xac xem x6t t?t nhu'ng thai dilm eg thi, song xet dai hgn m xu thi se dam bao theo dy bao Han nOta, nlu so sdnh vai cac dy an bauxit-alumin ma cac nu6c dS triln khai thi cac dy an bauxit Tay Nguyfen cua» HAI KHOA HOC VA CONB NGHE MO VIET NAM _ ^ | Chung ta c6 nhilu thu|n lai han, nhat la ve dilu kien dja chat mo Do vay, chung ta hoan toan c6 thi tin tuang vao hi0u qua kinh t l cua cac dy an va hy vpng vao triln vong phat triln nganh cong nghiep bauxit-nhom Viet Nam CO Dlk Nong va Lam Dong da xay dyng cho mli buon, lang mpt nha va^-hoa cOng dong d l ngudi dan co nai thuc hien c&Choat dong van hoa cua buon lang, khoi phgc cac hoat dong cing, chieng, dao tao huln luyen nghe nhan la nguai dan tpc d l hoat dong va gin giu cac le hpi van hoa, 1.2 Ve hieu qua xa hgi cua cac Dir an suu tIm, phuc hii va bao tin cac di san van hoa "Coi cong tac xoa doi giam ngheo, phCie Ipi cong vat thi, phi vat t h i cua cac dan toe c0ng, giup ngub'i dan ban 6\a nang cao chit lupng O Chung mye nhIt djnh, cac dy an khai thac va cu0e sing, n§ng cao dan tri, hilu ro gia tri va bilt ehl biln bauxit Tay Nguyen di vao hoat dong cung gtu gin ban sac van hoa dan toe la nhi§m vu khong da lam xaofa-pndai sing kinh t l , phong tuc, tap kem phan quan trpng ben canh cac hoat dong san quan va van hoa-xa hpi cua mpt bp phan nguai dan xult kinh doanh, la dilu kien dam bao su phat triln dja phuang nhu: thay doi nai sinh sing phai di ben vung cho doanh nghiep" Vai phuang cham nay, cho din mac du mai chi la thai ky dIu, dai, dan din thay dli cac mli quan he ca thi, gia cac dy an di vao hoat dong da tao nhung cong tpc cung nhu cpng ding; thay dli phuang thuc sinh dong dan cu mdi, dua them anh sang van hoa vao sing (mpt s i nguai co thi phai chuyen dli cong an vung sau, viJng xa, tao cong an viec lam cho hang viec lam mit dIt dai canh tac); sy thu hut mpt s i ngan lao dong dia phuang, nang cao chat lupng lupng kha dong nhan lye tu miln xuoi, tu thj euOc sing, nang cao dan tri cho mot bp phan vao doanh nghiep se keo theo mot s i tac dong nhIt khdng nho dan cu cua vung miln xa xoi heo lanh (Snh vao dai sing dan gian, binh dj cua ba dan nSy Cac dy an da xay dyng chuong trinh hanh tpc Nhung khong phai la hien tuang phi biln v l ban chit, khai thac va chi biln bauxit khong dli dOng cy thi va dat dupe mot so kit qua nhu: lap vai an sinh xa hpi cung nhu giij- gin ban sic van • Da xay dung 04 tru'dng hpc tu mlu giao din hoa truyin thing a Tay Nguyen ma ngupc lai, la trung hpc ca sa a Tan Rai, xay dung cac tram y t l ca hpi d l nang cao chit lupng cupc sing cho ding x5, ho trp cac Quy khuyin hpc, Quy Vi nguai bao dan tpc it nguai, la nIn tang chic chin cho Tay ngh6o, Quy dao t?o nghi, Quy tu thipn, lam duang Nguyen phat triln, giau co han, co dilu kipn bao tin vSo Khu Trung tSm giao due va truang thong va phat triln van hoa ban dja va giu In djnh tinh D^n tpe noi tru ciJa huy?n Bao L§m, xay dyng chp hinh chinh tn-xa hpi dja phuang Dg Rsal huyen Dam R6ng; Dua Tay Nguyen tra mpt trung tam cong • H6 try kinh phi giup cac dja phuang khac nghiep bauxit-alumin khong thi la nguyen nhan lam tinh d l xay dyng 13 truang hpc, 05 tram y t l , mIt ban sic van hoa dan tpc Viec giO gin ban sic x6a 20 nha dot nat, x§y dyng 01 chp, ung hp cac van hoa dan tpc cho Tay Nguyen khong co nghla la Quy x6a doi, giam ngheo va cac Quy khac; phai cu giu" nguyen hien trang ty nhien cua nui rung • Tong kinh phi chi cho cac hoat dong an sinh hoang sa vai nhi>ng nguo'i ngheo lac hau, xa hpi ti> bit dIu cac dy an a Dak Nong la gin sing du canh du cu ma truac hit phai la nang cao 40 ty dong, a Lam D6ng la gin 100 ty ding, chua dai song vat chit, tinh than cho hp tren ca sa mpt k l s6 tiln ho trp cai tao tinh Ip 725 (di qua tlnh Lam nIn tang kinh tl-xa hpi phat triln Muln thi, khong Ding) va tinh Ip 769 (di qua tinh Ding Nai) la 481 CO giai phap nao khac la phai phat tnin kinh t l Tay ty ding; Nguyen theo dinh huong chiln lupc giai doan • Tlnh din cull nam 2013, da tuyin chpn va t l 2006-2010 va triln vpng din 2015 da dupe Trung chue dgy nghi cho 605 eon em ding bao cac dan uang phe duyet, nhim thyc hien muc tieu chiln tOe vung, tuyIn chpn, d p kinh phi va gui 64 lupe tung buac ehuyin djch ca clu kinh t l tu em di hpc Dgi hpc Bach khoa va Cao ding Luypn kim can Minh (Trung Quoc), co 146 em "Nong, lam nghiep-Cong nghi^p-Djch vu" sang cua huy^n DSk RLap, 169 em ciJa huy?n Bao Lam, "Cong nghipp-Djch vg-N6ng, lam nghipp", Chung toi 42 em thuOc c^c dan toe it nguai, dua gin 2000 cung xin phep nhic lai lai phat bilu cua mpt ding chi lanh dao tinh Dak Nong da 6wqfc du luan va lao dOng v^o lam vi^c cac dy an cpng ding hit siic ding tinh la: "Su phat tnIn van 1.3 Cac dy an co tac dgng tich cuv toi doi hoa cua mot dan toe la mpt dong chay lien tuc, bao s6ng dan cw va ban sac van hoa cua dong bao ham ba qua trinh K l thua cai cu tich eye, tilp thu cac dan tgc Tay Nguyen b l sung cai mai tiln bp va thai lo^i cai cu Igc hau Vin d l bao vp vS ph^t huy ban sic ySn hoa cac Khi xa hpi phat triln, dai sing kinh t l va van hoa dan tOc dja phuang la chu truang nhit quan cua cua ba dan t|c TSy Nguy§n dup-c nSng l§n thi 03ng v^ Nhd nu6c ta C^c tinh T^y Nguyen, vipe mpt d5n tpc n^o d6 bj mai m|t din m$t th6i CONG NGHIEP MO SO - E l HOI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO VIET NAM quen tap quan nao khong phij hap vai ng (hai dy an Tan Rai vd Nhdn Ca hien mdi cd cdng suit thilt k l 0,65 tiieu tin alumin/nam, moi dy an mpt nam chi khai tilde 60-5-80 dIt chua bauxit) Nlu tinh chu ky cai tao phgc hIi tham thyc vat la nam thi dien tich n>ng bj chilm dgng cho khai thac bauxit 3.050-3.500 ha, bdng 0,11 % nrng Nhung tren ttiyc t l thi phIn dien tich chilm dgng cho khai thde bauxit thudng la arng san xult (ca phe, cao su, ) ho|c dIt trIng, dli trpc Mat khac, theo ode anh chgp viln tham vd khao sat thyc t l thi thIy d vung dIt chua bauxit hlu nhu khong tin tai n>ng cay than g5 md chi cd thyc vat cay nho thua thdt, tiian mim hoac dang bui Nguac lai, d nhu'ng khu riFng gid nguyen sinh (ehl khoang 10 % dien tich) thi khong co quang bauxit Bdi vay, y kiln cho ring qua trinh hoat dpng cua dy an lam triet pha rung diu ngudn, din din hau qua trim trpng v l biln dli thdi tilt hau khu vyc Id khong ed can cu v l van d l cai t$o phuc hdi mdi trudng sau khai thac, cac khoang sang bauxit Tay Nguyen cd nhilu thuan Ipi han so vdi cdc md khai thde da xdy dyng, than hay quang khac, bdi cac ly sau: ng Ipi ich to Idn ma nganh cong nghiep bauxit mang Igi thi t i n thIt dd la mpt sy tin thIt chinh ddng, cd t h i chip nhan dupe CONGNGHliPMOSd5-2014 ... truo''ng nhilu khoanh khai thac va tiln hanh khai thac dut dilm theo ti>ng khoanh khai thac Kit thuc khai thac khoanh khai thac nao thi tiln hanh hoan t h i khoanh khai thac vo''i gia khai thac thip... ty Dong BIC lap Cong ty Khai thac Khoang san Tay Nguyen tu nam 2006 d l tnIn khai cac nhiem vu cua dy an va dam nhan viec khai thac quang bauxit tai Dak Nong Cong ty Khai thac Khoang san Tay... khai thac bauxit se vao khoang 610-700 ha /nam, chi bIng 0,023 % dien tich n>ng (hai dy an Tan Rai vd Nhdn Ca hien mdi cd cdng suit thilt k l 0,65 tiieu tin alumin /nam, moi dy an mpt nam chi khai