Tgp chi Khoa bgc Tnrdng Dgi hoc Can Tho Phan A Khoa hgc Tu nbien Congnghe vd Moi tnr&ng 29 (2013) 51 5~ Tap chl Khoa hoc Tru''''cfng Dai hoc Can Thd website sj ctu edu vn DANH GIA SU* 6 NHIEM TREN RACH S[.]
Tgp chi Khoa bgc Tnrdng Dgi hoc Can Tho Phan A Khoa hgc Tu nbien Congnghe vd Moi tnr&ng- 29 (2 Tap chl Khoa hoc Tru'cfng Dai hoc Can Thd website: sj.ctu.edu.vn DANH GIA SU* NHIEM TREN RACH SANG TRANG QUA SU* PHAN BO CUA DONG VAT DAY Duang Trf Dung' va Huynh Thi Quynh Nhu ' Khoa Mdi trudng & Tdi nguyen Thiin nhien, Trudng Dgi hoc Can Tha Thdng tin chung: Ngdy nhdn-01/05/2013 Ngdy chdp nhgn: 24/12/2013 Title: Assessment of the pollution on Sang Trang canal bases on the distribution ofbenlhic invertebrates Tdkhda: Dgng vgt ddy, nhiem nudc, ASPT Keywords: Benthic invertebrates, M'ater pollution, ASPT ABSTRACT The study on the distribution ofbenlhic invertebrates on the Sang Trang canal was carried out twice (the end of rain season and mid of drain season) to evaluate the water quality changes according to the pollution caused by waste water of the Can Tho industrial zone Twenty-eight benthic invertebrate species were found, belonging to 15 families Amongst those, Bivalve and Gastropod were of rich species and the worm Limnodrilus hoffineisteri appeared on each sampling position with high density The findings showed that the organic matter led to continuous pollution of the Sang Trang canal The pollution on the canal was characterizedfromfair to serious levels (low ASPT score) TOM TAT Viic nghiin cuu suphdn bd cua dgng vgt day trin rgch Sang Trdng dugc tien hdnh hai dot vdo cudi miia mua vd giira miia khd nhdm ddnh gid su thay doi chat lugng nudc tren thuy vuc bi d nhiem nudc thai khu cdng nghiip d Cdn Tha Kit qud da phdt hiin dugc 28 lodi dgng vgt ddy thuoc 15 ho, ldp Bivalvia vd Gastropoda cd sd lodi nhiiu nhdt Lodi Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri ludn xudt hiin tren cdc diim khdo sdt vdi mat cao, the hiin tinh trgng d nhiim hiru ca ludn diin d rgch Sang Trdng Diem sd ASPT thdp the hiin mdi trudng tren rgch Sang Trdng bi d nhiim tif muc khd cho den ndng MO DAU Theo Sd Tai nguyin va Mdi trudng Thinh phd Cdn Tha (2011), chdt lugng nudc mat trin sdng Hdu bi d nhilm chat hiiu ca vdi cdc thong sd hda hpc khdng dat QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT va cd khuynh hudng ngiy cdng gia tang Hai khu cong nghiep ldn nhdt tgi Thdnh phd Cdn Tho la Tra ndc vd Tri ndc II ndm dpe theo sdng Hdu chua co hi thing xir ly nudc thai tip trung tdng khdi lugng nudc thii tir hai khu cdng nghiep la han 12.000 ni-^/ngiy xa qua 17 cdng thoat nudc fryc tilp vdo sdng cho nen cd nang gay d nhiira nudc he thing sdng kenh rgch xung quanh, inh hudng true tiip den cupc sdng ciia ngudi ddn noi Va rgch Sang Tring noi tilp nhan tryc tiep ngudn nudc thai tii khu cdng nghiep Tra Noc I vi 11 Id mdt frong nhirng diem ndng ve sy d nhiem mdi frudng nudc Van ds sir dung sinh hpc de giam sal chdt lugng nudc ngpt da dugc de cap it nhieu frong 10 nam trd Igi ddy d nudc ta Tuy nhiin, kfai Nguyen Xuan Quynfa vd ctv (2001) xiy dyng he thdng linh diim BMWP^'^^ va khda dinh logi din hp cac nhdm dpng vat khdng xuong sdng cd ldn nudc ngpt thudng gap thi that sy bat ddu ung dung rdng rai quj' frinfa gidra sdt ehit lugng nudc ciia cac thuy vyc nudc ngpt Viet Nara Phuang phip di dugc lien hanh d nhilu song ngdi, nd cho thiy day Tgp chi Kboa bgc Tnrang Dgi bgc Cdn Tha Phin A: Kboa hgc Tu nhien Cong nglie vo Moi iru&ng- 29 (2013): 51-^ Id phuong phdp phii hgp vdi dieu kiln nudc ta (Nguyen Vdn Khdnh vd ctv., 2007) Ve tieu chuan hay quy chuan radi trudng cua bp Tai nguyen vi Mdi trudng hiln chua cd tieu chuin sinh hpc di dinh gia chat lugng nguon nudc mgt do cin co nhiing nghiin ciiu frln nhilu khu vyc dl xdy dyng mdt hp thdng chi sd sinh hpc dimg dl ddnfa gid cfait lupng nudc phu hgp cho timg vimg Viec dp dyng quan frdc sinh hpc d Viet Nam da thu dugc nhtrng tyu budc ddu vd dang dugc chii y (Hoang Dinh Tmng vd ctv 2011) Mac dii da cd nhilu kit qua quan frac ve chat lugng nudc frln he thdng kenh rgch Can Tho nhung da phdn tap trung vao cdc chi tllu hoa hpc va ly hpc, cd vii nghiin ciiu ve dpng vat day de danh gia sy nhilm ciia thiiy vyc nhung chua xac dinh dugc cic lodi sinh vit chi tfai cho su d nhilm dd vi viy viec nghien ciiu sy phin bd ciia dpng vat day tren rach Sang Trdng dugc thyc hien nhim tira hiiu loai d nfailm nudc mdt tai rgcfa Sang Trii^ thdng qua sy phdn bd cua dpng vit diy tren PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ 2.1 Tfadi gian va dia diem ngfaien cihi - Chu ky thu miu: viec khdo sdt dugc tiin hdnh vio lan, lin vio thdng 12 nam 2011 vao cuii miia mua lii va lin vao giiia miia kho (03/2012) Thu raau dugc tiin hanh Iiic triiu kilt frong thing Tren rach Sang Trdng chpn 14 vi frf dl khdo sat ddc diira ciia 14 vi fri duge trinfa bay qua Bdng I Bang 1: Dac diem ciia tiing vj tri khao sat tren rach Sang Trang Vj tri (Kfhifu) Tpa dp (UTM, 48P) 0577201 1117938 0577322 1117937 0577201 1117825 0576878 1117525 0576895 1116925 0576924 1116655 0576507 1117521 0576471 1117510 0576306 1117364 0576031 11I722I 0575933 1117152 0575724 1116522 0575362 1116409 Mo ta Dau rach Sang Trdng, trao ddi nudc tryc tilp vdi sdng Hgu Diu rach Sang Tring tilp vdi song Hdu Cdng thii tip trung ciia cac co sd sdn xudt Nga ba chia thdnh hai nhdnh Sang Trang va Sang Trang Cdng thii tgp trung ciia cic ca sd KCN Trd Ndc I Cdng thdi tap trung ciia cic co sd KCN Trd Ndc I Cdng thai tap frung ciia cac co sd KCN Tra Ndc Cdng thai tap trung ciia cdc co sd sin xudt, cdng bj che lip bcri say Dau eac rach nho ndi vdi rach Sang Trang; c6 su xa thai ciia cac CO sd sdn xuit Ddu cac rach nhd ndi vdi rach Sang Trang Dau cac rach nhd noi vdi rach Sang Trang Khu dan cu va chg nhd Dau cac rach nhd ndi vdi rach Sang Trdng 0574904 Nga ba cua Sang Trdng 1116210 sang ddy cd raat ludi 0,5 ram rdi cho mau vdo bpc 2.2 Phuong tiln va pfauong pfaap nghien cuu ny-lon, cd dinh formol vdi ndng dp tir 8-10% rdi Dimg gau day Petersen cd dien tich 0,021 m^ di mang vi phdng thi nghiem de phin lich thu mau logi bo bdt bim vi rac tai hiln ttudng qua Tap chi Khoa hgc Tnrang Dgi hoc Can Tlia Phan A: Khoa hoc Tu nhiin Cong ngh? vd Moi tnrang: 29 (2013): 3I-: 2.3 Phirong phap phan tich mlu Phdn tt'ch dinh tinh: Mau dugc quan sit dudi kinfa lup vd kinh failn vi va dya vdo tdi lieu phdn logi su dung Id "Dinh loai ddng vdt khdng xuong sdng nudc nggt Bac Viet Nam" ciia Dang Nggc Thanh, Thii Trdn Bdi va Pham Vdn Miln (1980) vi "Aquatic insects of Caliofomia" cua Robert L (1997) Phan tich dinh lutpig Mdu sau phdn tich se dugc ldm khd bdng gidy tissue rdi dim sd lugng va cdn frgng lugng Sinh lupng ddng vdt ddy dupe tinh theo cdng thirc: D = — Trong dd: D: mat dd (cd the/m-) faay kfadi luang (g/ra^) X: sd lugng hay khdi lugng dpng vit diy S: diln tich miu thu dugc Vdi S=n.d (n: sd lugng giu da thu; d: di|n fr'ch raiing giu 2.4 Pfauong phap xu ly so lieu Ddnh gid chdt lugng nudc dya vio chi sd quan ^° T IC J frde sinh hoc BMWP^'^ (Biological Monitoring Working Party) va bing mire dp d nfaiem ASPT (Average Score Per Taxon) (Nguyen Xudn Quynfa v