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Tjip chi sd 14, tbang 6 2015, tmdng Dai bpc Tay Nguyen ISSN 1859 4611 THIET KE NGHIEN ClTU DINH H U d N G QUAN LY CHAT THAI RAN BEN VUlVG VUNG TAY NGUYEN Nguyen Hoang Phirong'''', Dam Nguyen Hoai An ^ Ng[.]
Tjip chi sd 14, tbang 6-2015, tmdng Dai bpc Tay Nguyen ISSN 1859-4611 T H I E T K E NGHIEN ClTU DINH H U d N G QUAN LY CHAT THAI RAN BEN VUlVG VUNG TAY NGUYEN Nguyen Hoang Phirong', Dam Nguyen Hoai An ^ Ngay nhan bai: 04/5/2015; Ngay phan bien tiidng qua: 11/5/2015; Ngay duyet dang- 13/5/2015 T O M TAT Bai bao dupc thyc hien nham md ta qua trinh phat trien de xuat nghien ciiu quan ly chat thai ran (QLCTR) ben vimg vung Tay Nguyen Phuang phdp tham khao tai lieu, phuong phdp chuyen gia va ke thiia phuong phap thiit ke nghien ciiu dupc sii dung chii yiu ttong bai bao Kit qua ngbien ciiu da phdn tich va danh gia ca sd ly luan lam ca sd xay dyng ndi dung nghien ciiu cin thuc hi6n de tta Idi cau hdi nghien ciiu Cdc ly thuyet va cdng cu dupc su dyng ttong nghien ciiu gdm: L^ thuyet Hien dai bda Sinh thai (EMT), Qudn Iy tdng hop chit thai rin (QLTHCTR), quan diim Xa hpi tuin hoan tai nguyen (RCS), cdng cu Danh gia Cdng ngbe ben vung (SAT), vd cdng cy pban tich mang ludi Cudi ciing, phuang phap luan va khung tien trinh ngbien ciiu da duoc de xuat de phuc vu tiin trinb hoan thdnb cac npi dung ngbien ciiu Tif khda: Tdy Nguyen, qudn ly chdt (hdi rdn bin vOng thiit ke nghiin cuu M O DAU Quyit djnh sd 936/QD-TTg 18/7/2012 ciia Thu tudng Chinh pbu v i Quy hoach tdng the phat trien kinb t e - x a hpi vimg Tay Nguyen den nam 2020 da kbdng dinh vung Tay Nguyen cd vi tri chien luoc quan ttpng ttong phat trifin kinh te xa hdi, qudc phdng, an ninh cua ca nudc; cd hanh lang tu nhign vdi Nam Lao, Ddng Bic Campuchia va he thing giao thdng kit ndi vdi cac tinh duyen hai miSn Tmng va Ddng Nam Bp; cdc ciia khau quoc te tten tuyen hdnh lang Ddng - Tay va gan cac cang biin nudc sau vimg duyen hdi Tmng Bd Cho den thdi di6m nay, Tbii tudng Chinh phu da phe duyet Quy hoach khu xu 1^ chit thai rdn viing kinb ti ttpng diem Bic bd, miin Trung, phia Nam va vung Ding bing sdng Cihi Long nhim dam bao xu 1^ triet de, tai cbe, tai sii dimg chat thai, ban chi chdn lip nang cao bieu qua cdng tae Xli ly chit thai rin, dac biet chat thai rin nguy bai Nbung Tay Nguyen Id khu vuc vSn chua duoc quan tdm ttong danh sach ndy, mac du day la khu vuc cd tdc dd pbat tnin nhanh vd phiic tap ttong tuang lai ca vi ddn sd va boat dpng san xuat Bai bao se d i cap den xay dung thiet ke nghien ciiu toan dien hipnti-anghe thdng QLCTR ciia viing Tay Nguyen vd tim kiim nbflng giai phap chiin luoc cu thi phii hpp vdi dac thii khu vye, lam nen tdng xay dyng chiin lupc QLTHCTR cbo Tay Nguyen, phyc vy phat trien ben viing cua khu vuc ndi rieng vd cua Qudc gia ndi chung NQI DUNG VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ 2.1 Npi dung nghiin cuu - Tdng hop cac ca sd ly luan ngbien ciiu - Xdc djnh cau hdi nghien ciiu Xay dung muc tieu, ddi tuong vd npi dung ngbien ciiu - Di xudt phuong phap luan nghien ciiu 2.2 Phuffngphdp nghiin cuu Phuang phap tham khdo tdi lieu: ngbien ciiu thu thap, tdng hpp cac nghi€n ciiu, bdi bdo, bao cao, sdch vd cdc tai Ueu khac tii cac nghien ciiu, du an ciia cac cd nhan, td chiic, vien nghien ciiu va tmdng dai bpc Phuang phap thu thap tai U?u tten intemet; Sii dung cdng cy Google Scholar de tim kiem va chpn lpc cac tai lieu hoc thudt dupc cdng bd tten tbi gidi - Ki thiia phuong phap thiit ki du an nghidn ciiu cua Piet Verschuren vd Hans Doorewaard (1999) Phuang phdp chuyen gia: Ket qua ciia thiit k i de tai ngbien ciiu dupc hodn thien vdi su nban xet, gdp y ciia cac chuyen gia ttong linh vye K E T QUA VA T H A O LUAN 3.1 Cff Sff ly lugn nghiin cdru 3.1.1 Tong quan khu vuc nghien ciiu Tdy Nguyen la khu vye bao triim toan bp hB tiidng cao nguyen rdng Idn nim d phia Tay cua mien Nam Tnmg Bd Dja gidi hanh cbinb ciia viing Tay Nguyen gdm tinb, dupc sip xip tiieo ; TTiS., Khoa Khoa hpe Tu nhien vd Cdng nghi, trudng Dai hgc Tdy Nguyen ThS., Trung tdm Cong nghi vd Khoa hgc Moi tnrong Thdnh Ho Chi Minh Tdc gid, lien hi: Nguyen Hodng Phuang DT: 0903534299; E-mail: phuongmt4@gmaiI.com 39 Tap chi sd 14, thang 6-2015, tmdng Dai bpc Tay Nguyen thli tu tii bdc xudng nam: Kon Turn, Gia Lai, Dik Lik, Dak Ndng, va Lam Ddng Dien tich khoang 56.638,44 km-, chiem 16,2% dien h'ch cd nudc, dan sd khoang 5,37 trieu ngudi, mat 95 ngudi/km^ 3.1.2 Tong quan tinh hmh nghien cuu Van de QLCTR da dupc cac qudc gia phat trien quan tam tir rat lau Qua trinh cdng nghiep hda va dd thi hda da de Iai nhieu bai bpc sau sac de cac qudc gia quan tam, hudng den giai quyet van de chat thai ran bang cac quy trinb, cdng nghe ben viing, tiet kiem tai nguyen vd than thien vdi mdi tmdng Li6n quan den de tai ket qua ciia mpt sd nghien ciru se duac phac hpa dudi mpt sd nbdm cac de tai/dy an cd sir dung ly thuyet QLTHCTR va nhdm cdc ket qud nghien ciiu U8n quan din EMT Nhom cdc di tdi, tdi liiu co sudung QLTHCTR: nhin chung, QLTHCTR da duac ap dyng gidi quyit van de phd biin nhat hien Cd nhiiu ca quan/to chiic da chuyin hda 1;^ thuyit thdnh nhiing quy trinh, hudng dan cho cac cpng ddng, cac qudc gia hoac dudi dang cdc bai cao tdng hpp va cbuy6n sau ve van de QLCTR ciia cdc qudc gia tten thi gidi Cd the ki den cac td chiic diin hinh nhu: Chuang trinb Mdi trudng ciia Lien Hpp Qudc (UNEP), Co quan Bdo ve Mdi ttudng Hoa Ky, Ngan hang Thi gidi (WB) vdi rit nhiiu tai lieu da dupc cdng bd nhim hd ttp cac qudc gia dang phat ttien nang cao hieu qua cdng tae QLCTR Ngoai ra, QLTHCTR cung dupc nhiiu nghien ciiu, ludn van ap dung dk giai quyit vin dk chdt thai rin d nhieu noi tten the gidi, mpt sd bao cdo diin hinh Id: UNHABITAT (2012) vdi "Recycling and disposal of municipal solid waste in low and middle-income countries: Perspectives for municipal managers and environment agencies"; "Sustainable Solid Waste Management in India" Ranjitii Kharvel Annepu (2012); "Private Sector Participation in Integrated Sustainable Solid Waste Management in Low- and Middle Income Countries " Louigueur Dorvil (2007); ISSN 1859^611 Waste Management Systems" Anne Scheinberg (2011); "Modernising solid waste management at municipal level", Christine M Liyala(2011); The Need for the Private Sector in a Zero Waste, 3-R, and CircularEconomy Materials Management Strategy", Anne Scheinberg (2010) Viet Nam van de ap dung QLCTR cdn nhiiu ban che, chi dupc trien kbai tai mpt sd thanb phd Idn chua giai quyet ttpn ven vin de quan IJ bin viing chat thai ran Vdi EMT hau nhu chira cd cac nghien ciiu ling dung cu the tai Viet Nam, ngogi trir cac luan an tien si cac ngbien ciiu sinh ngudi Viet thuc hien tai dai bpc Wagenmgen Hd Lan Nhu vay, vdi sy ke thua nhiing tu tudng phuong phap tiep can ciia cac nghien ciiu trudc, nghien ciiu se dp dyng QLTHCTR, EMT va mpt sd \^ thuyit, phucmg phap kbac de QLCTR bin viing t^i vung Tay Nguygn la hudng nghien ciiu mdi, ddng gdp vao cdng tae bao ve mdi tnrdng ben viing cho Vi6t Nam ndi chung va cho viing Tay Nguyen ndi rifing 3.1.3, Tdng quan cdc ly thuyit su dung phgc vu nghien cuu Vdn de QLCTR hen quan den nhieu ITnh vuc ciia boat dpng phat trien ldnh te xa hdi ciia loai ngudi Do vay, de phan anh vd gidi thich tien trinh tiep can viec xu ly va QLCTR, nghien ciiu da ke thira nhieu tu tudng, ly thuyit khac de cd duac gdc nbin khai quat nhiing vin di lien quan den ddi tuong nghien ciiru Phan dudi day di cap va phdn ticb mpt sd nghien ciiu co ban ciia cdc ly tiiuyet va cdng cy dp dung giai quyet cac nhiem vu ngbien cuu, bao gdm: EMT, QLTHCTR, SAT RCS va cdng cu phan tich mang ludi EMT: Ly thuyit hu&ng din phdt triin bin vitng: Martin Janicke mpt nha khoa hpe chinh tri ngudi Diic, duoc cbo la ngudi dau tien dua khai nien vi Hien dai hda sinh thai Trong tiidi gian lam viec tai Hdi dong tbanh Berlin vao nhung nam 1970, dng da chi ring Hien dai hda sinh thai cbinb la dudng phat triin cua Berlin Nhom tdc tdi lieu cosu dung EMT: Trong nhiing (Mol and Sonnenfeld 2000 and 2000a) Mac du nam gdn day hudng nghien ciiu chii yiu ciia EMT phdi mat mpt thdi gian khd ddi di khai niem ndy di deu cd lien quan nhieu din vdn di cai thien mdi vao gidi hpe thuat khoa bpc xa hpi, nhung nhiing tmdng ciia cac nudc dang phat diin Trong dd, mdt •y tudng mam mdng ciia dng van la nen tang vflng sd nghign ciiu dien hinh lien quan den vin di nghien chac ttong khoa bpc xa hdi mdi tmdng, dupc biet ciiu ciia luan an la: "Informal Sector Integration den vdl cai ten EMT nbu Cimg vdi sy and High Performance Recycling: Evidence from xuat hien vd hoan thien cac y tudng, khai niem 20 Cities "Anne Scheinberg (2012); "Achievement EMT ttong nhiing nam 1990, dd cd su phat triin of sustainable solid waste management in da dang ttong each tiep can va nhiing tranh luan developing countries" Arvid Lmdell (2012); manb m8 ve nbung iing dung ciia ly thuyit ndy "Solid Waste Management in Malaysia And EMT la mdt ly thuyet khoa bpc chinh trj vd xa Ecological Modernization Theory Perspective", hpi dua tten su thay ddi cac dieu kien mdi tmdng, Siti Aisyah Saat (2012); "Value Added: Mode's the che va he thdng quan IJ bien hiiu Yeu cau cip of Sustainable Recycling in the Modernisation of thiit ndi len ctia EMT la tai cdu tnic he tiidng mdi 40 Tap chi sd 14, tiidng 6-2015, tmdng Bai bpc Tay Nguyen ISSN 1859-4611 qua sii dung mdt djnh dang tich hpp toan dien dupc sinh tii each tiep can phdng ngiia va tu van lien tuc nhim sii dung hang loat cac boat ddng bd ttp di-quan ly chit tiiai rin mdt each an toan va hiiu dung (UNEP, 2009).Khai niem QLTHCTR phai thi hien khia canh chuang tiiinh quan ly hieu qua cd tinh Iinh boat ttong tiiiit ki, tinh tiiich iing va tinb be thing, dap iing tdt nhit dieu kien thuc te ve kinh ti, xa hdi va mdi tmdng theo thdi gian vz khdng gian Theo do, su can thigt phai thdng nhat vg chat luong va sd luong ciia tai che va hoan luu vat Ueu (phan vi sinh vd nang lupng); su can tbiet phai hd tip cdc lua chpn thai bd; va Ioi ich kinb tg cua quy md hoat ddng cbo thiy QLTHCTR nen td cbiic vdi quy md Idn QLTHCTR de xuat cd mdt each tiep can toan dien tren tat ca cac Ioai CTR va Uen quan den sii dyng hang loat cac lua chpn khac Dd la mdt he thdng duoc phat trien tii ngudn phat sinh den thdi bd va xay dung xung quanh cac budc qudn IJ khde cua tit ca cac loai CTR Viec lya chpn cac he thdng qudn Iy chit thai thich hpp va cdng nghe ben viing ciing Id su can thiet cung cip mpt he thdng QLTHCTR tdi uu va ben viing Trong dd, su ket hop giiia van de kinh te va xa bpi ciing dupc xem xet, each tiep can giiip ngudi quan ly thiet kg dupc h§ thdng QLCTR ben vimg ban Do dd, each tiep can ttong QLCTR theo hudng sau: i) Giam thieu tai ngudn: nghTa la quan ly chat thai xuygn sudt vdng ddi san pham tii cdng doan thiet ke, san xuat, mua ban vd su dung nham giam thieu su pbat sinh boac dpe tinh ciia chat thai; ii) Thich hpp cbo tai sir dung va tai cbe nhim bao ton tai nguyen thien nhien, vd nang lupng thdng qua he thdng phan Ioai, thu gom vd tai sdn xuat tiudng theo hudng ti'ch cue ban cbo mdi tmdng bdi canb toan ciu hda EMT xem xet tinh tai cau tnic sinb thai tao nen tang tinb tu chii va su lua chpn cua ngudi tieu dimg, giam tinh ddc tdn, doc quyen, tao mdi trudng cho cac boat ddng phi chinh phli va cac doanh nghigp d cap dp toan cau va dja phuong, va thay ddi mdi quan he gifla nhd sdn xuat va chudi tai nguyen thien nhien (Mol 2001, Mol and Sonnenfeld 2000a) Hien nay, be thdng qudn ly chat thai toan can dang chuyen bien nbu la mpt pban cua ddng luc thay ddi mdi tmdng Trong cac nudc OECD da cd be thdng hoan cbinh hoac phin ndo dS hien dai bda be thing QLCTR, thi tai cac nudc dang pbat triin chi mdi bit ddu qua trinh EMT se lam rd nhflng thay ddi thdng qua phan ticb qua trinh ca ban, ciing la ban chit ca bdn cua ly thuyet nhu sau: Vai ttd quan ttpng ciia khoa hpe va cdng nghe ttong cai each mdi tmdng; Dpng lyc thj tmdng va nhan td kinh te cd vai trd cang tang cho sy thay ddi mdi tmdng; Thay ddi vai ttd ciia Nhd nudc ttong cai cdch mdi tmdng; Siia ddi vj tri, vai ttd, y tbiic be ciia cac phong trao xa hpi: tham gia vdo cdc td chuc cdng vd tu nban quyet djnb Uen quan den cat each mdi tmdng (Mol and Sonnenfeld, 2000); vd thay ddi boat dpng thao ludn vd xuit bien he tu tudng mdi ttong nghj tmdng chinh tri vd xa hdi (Bauman 2004) EMT tao mdt ludn cbiing thuyit phuc la hien d^ bda Uen quan den nhieu van de ban chi dan gian la cap nhat cdng nghe He thdng dd da finh nhieu nam ttd nen nang ddng hon, vdi su thay ddi cac yiu td ky thuat de dap irng vdi md hinh khoa bpc mdi Kgt qua la xuat hien mdt he thdng vdi su phiic tap va da dang npi tai bao gdm nhiiu he thdng nhanh va tieu cdng nghe Hoat dpng cd the cung cip cdc **tieu vi tri thich hpp"md cbua tiing cd trudc dd Hien dai hda cd tae dpng tuang tu len thi che: vai ttd cua Nha nudc (chinh quyin dja phuong) chuyen tu hoat dpng tryc tigp sang kiim soat; xa hpi dan su dupc mdi vao nghi tmdng; cac phan kinh tg cd them vai ttd mdi Cong cu SAT: SAT dupc phat trien thdng qua qua trinh ket hpp giiia nghign cihi vd tham van chuygn gia Ndi dung cac budc thuc bien dupc the bien ttong biiih dudi day.Dua tten cac budc phat thdo ttong hinh tten, phuong phdp SAT dua tieu chi va cac chi sd bign cbo cac lmh vye ap dung cy thi Theo phuang phap nay, cd linh vuc dupc dp dung la nudc cap QLTHCTR: Mo hinh qudn ly chdt thdi rdn bin va ve sinh mdi tmdng, xii ly nudc thai, QLCTR •vOng: QLTHCTR la mpt khung tham van diing cho va ap dung cdng ngbe xii ly bing thyc vat Trong vi?c thiit ki vd ap dung cbo he thdng quan ly chat khuon kbd ciia luan an, phuong phap duoc su thai mdi va cho viec pban tich, toi uu hda he thdng dung de danh gia va lya chpn cong nghe xii ly tdi bi^n hiiu Quan ly tdng hpp chit thai dya ttgn dinh uu cho chit thai ndng nghiep vimg Tay Nguyen ngbia ca ban la tit ca cdc khia canh ciia he thdng RCS: Khai niem RCS lin diu tien xudt hien quan ly chit thai (ki tiiu|t va phi ki tiiuat) cin duoc nghign ciiu cua Integrated Research System pban tich ciing vi cbiing cd mdi quan he lan for Sustainability Science, la khai niem cd phin va pbat trign ttong mot khu vuc anb budng rpng Idn ban sang kien ban diu ciia chinh phu Nhat tiiudng xuyen den viec tbuc bien hogc cac hogt Ban la "xa hdi tai chg", "vdng tuin hodn kinh ti" dpng d khu vuc khac QLTHCTR de cap dgn mdt d Tmng Qudc, tiiam cbi la nguyen tic 3R ciia cac sang kiin chiin lupc cbo QLCTR ben viing thdng qudc gia cbau A Mdt ttong nhflng tiip can phat 41 Tgp cbi sd 14, tiiang 6-2015, ttudng Dai bpc Tay Nguygn triin RCS diu tign la nghien ciiu dy an: "Asian challenge to resource-circulating society" Dd la mpt hg thing vdi ba phan he: thiet ke tam nhin cho RCS, phat triin he tiidng thudc ben vung ttong RCS vd xay dung mang ludi nghien ciiu cho RCS Mpt vdi diim chinh Ugn quan den RCS: Danh gia tdc dpng mdi trudng can thiet bao gdm nhflng tae dpng gidn tiip, ching ban nhimg thiet hai xung quanh bai thai xa noi tieu thy, cac khia canh CO^, sy rd ri chit thai tu viec di ddi KCN vd nhiing anb hudng lam suy gidm khd nang cung cap cua he smh thai; Viec dp dung gidi ban cdng nghe kbi cgn kiet tai nguyen khan higm cd the nban de dang ttong nin kinh tg tai nguyen nhung cac tae dpng sinb thai vo hinh dpe theo chudi cung img, dac biet lien quan din khai thae tai nguyen; Ngoai cac chinh sdch kieu xii Iy cudi dudng dng, mdt md hinh chii dpng cdn dupc thyc hien tao su thay ddi theo hudng giam khdi lupng tieu thy, va cai tiin thiet ki san pham/quy ttinh phu hpp vdi QLCTR bin viing Phdn tich mgng lu&i, hu&ng din mo hinh phdn tich bg tam: QLCTR ben viing phu thupc vao mdi quan he gifla kinh tg, chinh tri, the che xa hdi vd cac ben tham gia Vai ttd cua the che va nhan td cdn dupc lam rd vdi cac ben tham gia, the che vd gidi ban ciu tnic, digu kien va cho phgp xanh hda De phan tich cd he thdng mdi quan hg phiic tap giua b? thing QLCTR va mdi tmdng xa hpi, lugn an can mdt cdng cu phan tich de budng din, so dd hda tap trung vao cac mdi tuong tae hien hihj, va mii quan he gifla cdc ben tham gia ben va ben ngodi he thdng QLCTR De nghign ciiu cdc tuong tae phiic tap ciia cac ben tham gia ttong he thdng QLCTR phan tich mgng ludi dupc xem Id mdt cdng cy thich hpp de dp dyng Tbeo Van Koppen vd Mol (2002) uu diim ciia md hinh mgng ludi la ket hpp duoc ca thupc tinh ciu tnic ciia thg che lan mdi tuong tie giua cac nhan td cdu thdnh mang ludi Mang ludi cd dac diim nhu mdt he thdng xa hpi md ttong dd cac bgn tham gia it nhieu lien quan vd tae ddng qua Igi vi thi cbi Hinh Md hinh phan tich Bp tam ISSN 1859^611 nhan chiing bpc, kinh te, xa hdi bpc, quan tri kinh doanh, vakhoa hpe cbinb tri va cbinb sach (Howell, 1988; Wellman, Camngton, va Hall, 1988; White, 1988; Owen, 1995; Bryson va Daniels, 1998; Jost va Jacob, 2004; Kiong and Kee, 2005; Provan vd cs, 2005; Warner va Pratt, 2005; Khoa, 2006; Nhat, 2007; Hoi, 2011) mdt vdi khia canh cho thay phan tich mgng ludi la mot cdng cu tu CO ban cbo nghign ciiu cau ttuc xa hpi, dd la tap hop cac vien ciia he thdng xa hpi (cac mit xich) vd tap hpp cac lien ket tae dpng gifla chiing (Wellman and Berkowitz, 1988) Tiep can mang ludi ciing gdp phan quan ttpng ttong nghien ciiu chinh sach quan IJ tten thi gidi Md hinh mang ludi da ndi len mgnh me bpc thugt tu cuii nhung nam 1980 va cang phd biin di phan tich qua trinh toan ciu bda thdng qua mgng ludi xuyen qudc gia (Bulkeley va cs, 2003) Trong sd cac nghien ciiu sii dung md hinh mgng ludi ttong bien dai bda sinb thai, cd vdi nghien ciiu su thay ddi mdi tmdng xa hdi ttong he thdng cdng nghigp tiling md hinh d i phdn tich vd giai thich thyc tai mdi tmdng xa hdi va thay ddi tiii chi ciia he thdng cong nghiep Tit ngbien ciiu khoi mao ciia Mol (1995) ve dp dung EMT thdng qua phdn tich mang ludi cho nghien ciiu vg nhiing biin ddi mdi tmdng gdy bdi cdng nghigp hda chit d chdu Au, da Ian rpng din cac qudc gia phat triin va kem phdt trien Dien hinh ttong sd dd la cac nghien ciru cua Vliet and Frijns, (1995); Frijns et al., (1998); Phuong, (2002); Zhang, (2002), Dieu, (2003); Chavalparit, (2006), Khoa (2006); Nhat, (2007) va Hoi, (2011) Trong phin Idn cdc nghien ciiu ndy, md hinh phdn ticb bd tam duoc dp dyng dua tten md hmh ly thuyit dg pban tich tdc dpng qua lgi gifla he thdng cdng nghiep va thg che mdi tmdng Nghien ciiu se sii dung pban tich bp tam dua tten nhiing khai niem vi mang ludi kinh ti, chinh sach va xa hpi cho he thdng QLCTR vung Tay Nguyen, 3.2 Cdu hoi nghiin cdru, Mi tuffng vd npi dung nghien cu-u 3.2.1 Cdu hoi nghiin cdu: i) Nhung co sd khoa bpc va tieu chi nao dimg dg phat ttiin he thdng QLCTR bin viing?; ii) Hien ttang he thing QLCTR tai vimg Tay Nguyen nhu tiii ndo? Va iii) Nhiing giai phap thich hpp nao cd thi quan IJ ben vung chit thai rin tai vung Tay Nguyen? 3.2.2 Ddi tupng nghign ciiu He thong quan IJ chit tiiai rin tai viing Tay Nguyen; LJ tiiuyit Quan IJ tdng hpp chit thai rin, IJ tiiuyit Hien dai hda sinh thai vd mpt sd IJ tiiuyit khac Gidi hgn ddi tiipng nghign ciiu tmdng hpp: chat tiidi rdn thi va chit thai rin ndng nghi?P- Hi?n tai da cd nhieu nghign cihi va ca sd ly thuygt ve phan tich mgng ludi, vdi su ddng gdp cua nhiiu linh vuc khac nhu: tam ly xa hdi 42 Tgp chi sd 14, tiiang 6-2015, tiordng Dgi hoc Tay Nguygn 3.2.3 NQidun^ nghiin cuu: Cac nbiem vu ngbien cuu chii yeu gdm: Tdng quan cac ngbien ciiu ttong va ngoai nudc vi quan IJ tdng hpp chit tiidi rin, cac quan diim chii yiu cua IJ tiiuyit hien dai hda sinb tiiai vd cdc IJ tiiuyit khde cd lien quan din luan an Xay dung co sd khoa hpe va xac lap bd tieu cbi di pbat triin he tiidng QLCTR bin vflng dua tten QLTHCTR, EMT va mpt sd cdng cu phan tich, quy hoach chiin lupc ISSN 1859-4611 thiet ke be thdng quan ly chat thai ran ben vflng Trong ddi tuang chit thai ran sinh boat dd thi va chit thai rin ndng nghiep se dupc lya chpn ngbien ciiu chuyen sau, pbu hop vdi tinh dgc thii viing Tay Nguyen va ttong pham vi gidi ban tbdi gian, kinb phi vd ngudn luc Phuang phap luan cua ngbien ciiu Id ap dung ca phuang phap djnh ti'nh va djnh lupng ttgn tbuc tg hien ttudng va nghign ciiu npi nghiep Trong dd, phuang phap tam giac se bao gdm phdng vin ban cau true va cau tnic cac ben lien quan, khao sat thuc dia va phan tich cac dii Heu lien quan Danh gia hi?n trang he tiling QLCTR tai vung Tay Nguyen: Tiin hanh nghign ciiu tiiuc nghiem, digu tta khao sat, phdng vin cac ben lien quan, phdn tich mau co sd di xay dung be sd phat thai, thdnh phan chit thai Kit hpp cac sd ligu tii nien giam thong kg ciia cac tirtii viing nghign ciiu, sOr dung mpt sd tai ligu tbii cip cd lien quan nhim danh gid dupc hien trgng quan IJ chit thai rin cua vimg Tay Nguyen Tien trinh nghidn ciiu gdm hai phan chinh, phan nghien ciiu IJ thuyit vd nghien ciiu thuc nghiem Phin nghien ciiu IJ thuyet, nghien cuu se dua vao EMT vd QLTHCTR Hai IJ tiiuyit la nin tang de xay dung co sd khoa hoc vd xac lap bd tieu chi di phat tiiin he tiidng QLCTR bin vung Di phuc vu xay dung cdc tieu chi, quy trinh danh gia he thdng QLCTR ttong cdc nghien cuu tmdng hpp, nghign ciiu cdn Sli dung cac cdng cy va phuong phap SAT UNEP di xuit nam 2012 vd RCS Khung tiin trinh nghien ciiu dupc trinh bay ttong so dd hinh Xay dyng khung chiin lupc va dg xuit cac giai phap QLCTR bin vflng vimg Tdy Nguyen 3.3 Di xuat phuffng phdp lugn nghiin cuu Tbeo myc tieu nghien ciiu da trinh bay d ttgn, luan an thu^c dang nghign ciiu thyc ti theo hudng GlCfl THI$U zxz LJftuyltOLCTRTH Ly Uiuyfe Hi^i! dai hoa Sinb thii Xi h^i tuSn hoan tai nguygn TlfeU CHl QLCTR BEN V07