Tu'''' lieu tham khao s611(77) nam 2015 MOT SO GIAI PHAP DAM BAG CHAT Ll/QNG HOC PHAN THirc HANH NGHIEP VU SU PHAM 6 KHOI TIlUCUNG DAI HOC SU PHAM T R A N HOAI THANH'''' TOM TAT Hien nay cdch thuc triin kha[.]
Tu' lieu tham khao s611(77) nam 2015 MOT SO GIAI PHAP DAM BAG CHAT Ll/QNG HOC PHAN T H i r c HANH NGHIEP VU SU PHAM KHOI TIlUCUNG DAI HOC S U PHAM T R A N H O A I THANH' TOM TAT Hien cdch thuc triin khai ciing nhu ddnh gid Ihuc ldp sir phgm (TTSP) mang ndng linh hinh Ihuc chua phdn dnh dimg thirc chdl ndng luc lay nghe cda gido sink Chat lugng cong Idc ddo lao vd ren luyen nghiep vu suphgm (NVSP) dnh hudng din chdt lugng gido due cita sinh vien (SV) su pham Tren ca sd phdn tich hien Irang ddo Igo vd re luyen nghiep vu supham (RLNVSP) cho SV su phgm bdi bdo dd de xudt mot si gidi phap ndng cao chdl lugng ddo Igo vd RLNVSP Tir khoa: ren luyen nghiep vu su pham, dao tao ABSTRACT Some solutions to ensuring the quality of pedagogical practicum in universities of education Tiie implementation and evaluation of pedagogical practicum nowadays are still formalislic and fail lo relecl Ihe actual professional competence of sludent-leachers The quality of iiedagogical profes.sional training influences Ihe educational quality of pedagogical students Based on the analysis of Ihe reality of pedagogical professional training for pedagogical students Ihe article suggests some solutions lo enhancing Ihe quality ofpedagogical profes.sional training Keywords: pedagogical professional training, training Dat van dl Thyc hanh NVSP la hgc phjn khong the thieu chuong trinh dao tao giao vien ciia cac truang dai hgc su pham (DHSP) Day la hoc phSn tao nen tinh dac thu cua trucmg DHSP Cac truang dai hgc khac chu yeu trang bi tri thiic khoa hgc, truang DHSP ngoai ki6n thiic khoa hgc phai trang bi kien thiic khoa hgc giao due cho SV Cong tac thuc hanh NVSP dugc to chiic thyc hien nhim myc dich giiip SV hiSu dugc tinh hlnh giao due thong, tich luy nhihig kinh nghiem giao duo, kinh nghiem giang day de lam hanh trang hgi nhap vai ca sa giao due tot nghiep va nhan nhiem vv truong thong, Trong nhung nam qua cac tmdng DHSP da co nhi6u thay d5i vi hinh thilc to chiic, bien phap thuc hien nhim muc dich nang cao hieu qua cong tac thuc hanh NVSP SV su pham nhan cong tac tai cac tnrong ph6 thong nang lyc su pham han che nen cac truang ph6 HVCH, Trunng Bai hpc Giio dgc, DHQG H4 Npi; Email doanlmongbuithixuan@gmail.com 178 TAP CHI KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM thong phai danh tiJ thang den nam di SV tap su D^ thuc hien Nghi quy^t 29 cua Bo Chinh trj khoa XI ve d6i moi can ban, loan dien giao due dao tao va D§ an d6i moi chuong trinh, sach giao khoa ph6 thong sau nam 2015 voi yeu cku phat trien pham chat va nang lyc ngucri hpc huong toi phat trien cac nang lire chung ma mpi hpc sinh can co cupc song, d6ng thai phat trien cac nang luc chuyen bi?t lien quan den timg ITnh vyc giao due, mon hpc, boat dpng trai nghiem sang tao, cong tac thyc hanh NVSP phai dugc dSu tu thich dang ve thai gian, ca sa vat ch3t va npi dung boat dpng, kien thiic khoa hpc su pham de dap ung yeu cau cua nganh giao due va khang dinh nang Iuc nghe nghiep su pham cho SV Noi dung nghien cihi 2.1 Ve hogt dong ren luyen nghiep vu suphgm trudng dgl hgc suphgm Truang DHSP la ca so dao tao giao vien Ia noi eung cap nguon nhan lyc nguai day hpc cho cac truang thong Noi each khac, truang su pham la noi "tao san pham", cdc truang thong la '"khach hang tieu thu san pham" The nhung, nai dao lao da chua quan lam thyc sy den "dan dat hang" cua khach hang, da cho "ra 16" nhung san phim dupc danh gia la "giau tri thuc chuyen mon, ngheo kT nang su pham", chinh NVSP se quy§t dinh lay nghe giao vien lam nen ban ITnh giao vien Thieu NVSP, giao vien khong the thuc hien tdt Trdn Hoai Thanh boat dpng day hpc cua minh Chuong trinh dao tao giao vien cac truang DHSP hien thien ve trang bj li Iuan, xem nhe va thi§u bien phap ren luyen kT nang ngha nghiep cho SV Thoi lupng danh cho cac cong tac ban che, SV duoe ve co so thyc tap giao due long cpng 10 tudn chia Iam 02 dot thyc xk chi 06 tudn SV thuc hien nhiem vu RLNVSP va TTSP, do tinh cam nghe nghi?p, kinh nghiem dupc tich liiy chua nhieu Phan lich Chuong trinh khung gido due dai hoc dupe Bp Giao due va Dao tao ban hanh theo Thong tu s6 28/2006/QD-BGDDT 28/6/2006 cho thay: Khoi Iupng kien thuc toi thieu va thoi gian dao tao (trinh dp dai hpc) nganh su pham theo thiet ke gom 210 don vi hoc trinh (dvht) (1,5 dvht tucmg duong tin ehi (TC)), chua ke phan npi dung ve Giao due the chat (5 dvht) va Giao due Quoc phong (165 tiet) voi thoi gian dao tao nam TTSP la mpt phan dpc lap, thiet yeu (bat bupc) chiem 10 dvht - chilm 4,76% khoi Iupng hpc tap eua chuong trinh dao tao giao vien (DTGV) Trong chuong trinh dao tao theo he thdng TC hien cua cac co so DTGV cho thdy t6ng so TC ciia loan bp khoa hpc ph6 biSn khoang 130-132, thoi Iuong cu the danh cho TTSP va kiSn tap su pham (KTSP) nhu 179 SS 11(77) nam 2015 Tu lieu tham khao Bang TTSP Irong chircmg Irinh DTGVoVN TT Ten tnrong Tong so TC So TC KTSP va TTSP TTSP KTSP S6TC Ti lc% 130 5.38 IChong Khong 6TC 132-138 4.35-4.55 ITC 2TC 4TC DHSP HuS 134 4.47 DHSP Vinh 5 DH can Tho 120 ITC DHSP Nguyen 132 3.79 Khong DH Tay Nguyen 132 5.30 2TC DHSP Ha Noi DHSP TPHCM Thai TTSPl ITC Khong TTSP2 5TC Khong 5TC 5TC 2TC 3TC 5TC Ngudn: [I] Nhu vay khoi lugng hgc phhn TTSP chuong trinh dao tao giao vien a cac co sa dao tao neu tren co sy khac dang k l thap nhjt la 3.79% (Truang DHSP Dai hgc Thai Nguyen) va cao nhdt la 5,38% (DHSP Hi Noi) [I] Nhiem vu dao tao RLNVSP chua dugc quan triet day du vol tk ca giang vien cua trucmg dan d^n tinh trang xem cong tac na\ la nhiem vu cua t6 bg mon phuang phap giang day Phong dao tao (don vi chu tri t6 chirc trien khai), khoa tam 11 giao due (dan vi chil luc nghien cim dao tao va trien khai khoa hgc su pham), truimg trung hgc thuc hanh (co so img dung va triSn khai RLWSP cho SV), cac khoa va cac to bg mon chua co sy phfli hgp chat che, nhjp nhang cong tac trang bj tri thiic, kinh nghiem khoa hgc giao due cho SV CO tam li xem cong tac la 180 nhiem vu rieng ciia phong dao tao va cua truang su pham Thyc hanh NVSP cac truong DHSP bao gom nhieu hoat dgng tir viec trang bi kien thirc khoa hgc giao due nhu tam 11 hge, giao due hgc, phuang phap giang day bg mon cho dSn viec tfl chuc RLNVSP TTSP cho SV Cac hoat dflng lien quan dSn thyc hanh NVSP thu6ng dugc thyc hien tap trung a hgc ki dan hgc ki cua qua trinh dao tao, chu yju la cac boat dgng RLNVSP va TTSP Tru6c to chirc cac hoat dgng RLNVSP va TTSP, cac trucmg co tfl chirc nhl6u hojt dgng nhu tfl chirc hfli giang, mflri bao cac vien thflng djn bao cao kitjh nghidm, thi soan giang giao an dien tir, lam dfl diing giang day nen k§t qua cac dgt RLNVSP va TTSP cua SV kha quan ban: 90% dat loai kha gioi Tuy vay, thyc chSt nang lyc nghe nghiep ctia SV thSp so vai chujn TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM gido vien Bp Giao dye va Dao tao ban hanh va doi hoi cua nganh tuang lai Qua tim hieu va khao sat, ehiing toi n h ^ thdy: Truong thong va cac co so giao due nai truang DHSP dua SV din RLNVSP va TTSP chua nhan thiie ddy dli trach nhiem va yeu cau ciia cong tac thuc hanh NVSP Trong qua trinh t6 chuc thyc hien, khong tranh khoi viec "nucmg nh?" danh gia SV 2,2 Mgt so nguyen nhdn cua nhirng bat egp tren 2.2 L Nguyen nhdn khach quanMpt so truang cao dang su pham dupc ndng cap truong dai hpc da nganh, mdt s6 truang dai hpc khoa hpc kT thu^t ciing dupc phep dao tao giao vien nhung dpi ngii can bp giang day, nhat la dpi ngu giang dgiy NVSP, thieu ve so lupng va yeu ve chat lirgng Co so v^it chdt thieu: Phong RLNVSP chua daih bao tieu chuan (dien tich nho, thieu anh sang, thieu trang thiet hi ); SV khong co diSu kien thuong xuyen thyc hanh truong thong, SV phai tap giang tai phong o, i h ^ chi la hanh lang ki tiic xa Chuong h-inh RLNVSP thuang xuyen bj cdt giam, thoi gian thyc hanh it, SV qua dong nen khong the to chiic deu cho tat ca, nhilu SV ehua dupc tham gia thyc hanh cac kT nang NVSP Vj tri yeu cdu ciia bp mon phuong phap day hpc bj xem nhe Nhilu trucmg chua t6 chiic cfing tac Tran Hoai Thanh thyc hanh su pham thuang xuyen lien hic qua trinh dao tao giao vien 2.2.2 Nguyen nhdn chii quan Chuong trinh hpc cac hpc phdn NVSP qua ndng vi li thuydt Khau kilm tra, danh gia SV long leo Chua chii trpng vao cac kT ndng giao due Viee ren luyen chua d6ng bp, nhilu SV khong tham gia hoac tham gia d6i Mpt so,giang vien chua tich cyc, chua tao dupc su hap dan cua mon hpc de thu hiit SV, chua nhilu kinh nghiem ve thyc tien day hpc a trucmg ph6 thong de Xli li cac tinh huong su pham SV chua tich cyc, tu giac RLNVSP, chu yeu moi tap trung a mot s6 em kha, gioi Thyc trang to chiic hoat dpng TTSP ciia SV mpt so truong DHSP diipc khao sat theo cac khau ciia qua trinh to chiic vai miic dp thyc hien: Tot/ Khd/ Trung binh/ Yiu Ket qua thong ke dupc quy uac theo thang diem ung v6i miic dp la Tdt - diim 4; Khd - diim 3; Trung binh - diim 2; Yiu - diem Dilm trung binh (DTB) dupc quy dinh theo biSn lien tuc: 1,0 - 1,75: Yiu; 1,76 - 2,5: Trung binh; 2,51 - 3,25: Khd; 3,26 4,00: Tdt Kit qua khao sat, danh gia miic dp thyc hien cac khau td chiic TTSP ciia SV nganh su p h ^ dupc hinh bay o bang va bang du6i day: 181 S611(77) nam 2015 Ttr lieu tham khao Bang Muc thuc Men cong tdc chudn bi TTSP Noidung STT TROI, C.\ ,SV Xay dtrng kS hoach TTSP cua SV theo chiic nang cua khoa, truong, phong, ban 3,67 3,97 3,63 Lap Ban chi d?o TTSP cua truang DHSP 3,64 3,85 3,39 Truong chuSn bj dja ban thvrc tip: b6 tri, lien he voi truang 3,7 3,88 3,53 Ljp cac doan TTSP cua SV 3,44 3,72 3,4 L\ra chpn va cii can bo phu trach, giang vien tu vin, hucmg din SV TTSP 3,35 3,62 3,33 Quy djnh/chuin bj tai lieu huong din TTSP cho giang vien, giao vien, truong thuc tap, cac doan thirc tip 3,31 3,61 3,26 Quy djnh/chuIn bj tai lieu huong dan TTSP cho SV 3,46 3,67 3,46 Chuin bj cac lo?i h6 so, bieu mau cho TTSP 3,35 3,75 3.68 Chuan bj kk ho^ch kinh phi, cac djnh mirc chi cho TTSP 3,46 3,8 3,55 10 Tap huln, ph6 bign quy ch^ TTSP cho giang vien, GV, SV 3,6 3,81 3,55 11 Chuydn giao h6 so TTSP cho cac truang thirc tap 3,54 3,81- 3,42 12 Lap ban chi dao TTSP tai cac truong thuc tap 3,5 3,77 3,47 DTB chung 3,28 3.55 2,97 Bang Muc thuc hien cdc dieu kien ho tro TTSP STT Noi dung Tao dieu kien- ve dpi ngu can bo quan li, giang vien, giao vien, nhan vien cho TTSP T90 dieu kien ve co so vat chat cho TTSP Tao dieu kien ve trang thiet b j chuyen dung phuc vu TTSP 182 BTBn rROI a\ SV 3,32 3,68 3,13 3,26 3,67 3,28 3,23 3,46 3,20 Kinh phi phuc vy TTSP 3,14 3,45 3,19 Theo dSi, giai^ sat, dpng vien, ho tro, dam bao cac quyen Igri ciia SV Uong qua trinh TTSP 3,26 3,55 3,01 STB Chung 3^4 3,56 3,16 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Mot so giai phap d^ gop phSn dam bao chat lirvng nghiep vu sir ph^m trircmg dai hoc sir pham Hpi nghj TW8 khoa XT vua ban hanh Nghi quyet TW8 vl ddi moi can ban toan dien nganh giao due dap ung yeu cau cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa dieu kien kinh te thi trucmg, dinh huang XHCN va hpi nhdp qu6c tl da dat nhiem vu moi qua trinh dao tao giao vien Giao vien khong chi la nguai truyln thu tri thuc tinh hoa cho hpc sinh ma phai la nguai huong din hpc sinh ty dao tao, ren luyen phat huy sang tao cua minh de phuc vu xa hpi Giao vien cung la yeu to can ban de bien Nghi quylt ciia Dang hien thyc Do vay cong tac RLNVSP, TTSP cua truang su pham cung can co su do! mai de phii hpp vai quy che dao tao theo he thong TC, phu hpp voi yeu cau nhiem vu cua nganh Tir thyc tiln, ehiing toi de xuat nhiing giai phap nhu sau: De dao tao dupc dpi ngu giao vien dli ndng luc theo chudn nghe nghiep edn ldng thai Iupng thyc hanh a ca so dao tao cho SV theo quy dinh it nhdt bdng 1/8 long so TC ciia ehuong trinh dao tao Tnrdng se ban hanh Quy chl TTSP dl chi d^o cong tac Thay doi phucmg thiic to chiic ciia ren Iuy?n nghiep vu va TTSP theo huang da dgng, linh boat dl SV chii dpng kl ho^ch hpc tap vai phuang chdm tang cuang viec ren luyen, tich luy kinh nghiem tii thyc tl ph6 thong Giang vien a cac khoa, to bp mon truang su pham phai xac djnh viec dao tao ren luyen kT ndng NVSP la nhiem Trdn Hoai Thanh vu cua moi giang vien Nhiem vu phai dupe thyc hien thuong xuyen hmg bai giang, tiing gio len lop Phong dao tao, khoa tam li giao due, truong THTH, tl phuong phdp giang day va eae khoa phai ph6i hpp chat che hon viec dao tao va RLNVSP cho SV, tien toi lap trung tam RLNVSP c6 du dilu kien Cac khoa, to bp mon truang phai to chiic cho giang vien vl cac trucmg thong, truong mam non dy gia, tim hieu chuong trinh, npi dung giang day dl cap nhdt chuong trinh dao tao cho SV Cac truong su pham can phoi hpp chat che vdi so giao due va dao tao va cac dia phuang khac de hinh co sd thyc hanh RLNVSP cho SV Tranh thii cdc nguon lyc tai chinh va bo tri cdn doi nguon tai chinh dl tang cudng ca sd vdt chat cho cong tac RLNVSP, TTSP Dac biet quan tdm din che dp boi duong cho dpi ngu giao vien d trudng thong, mam non hudng dan SV RLNVSP, TTSP Viec tong ket riit kinh nghiem cdn lam thudng xuyen linh boat de dieu chinh, bo sung nhimg yeu cdu, npi dung cdn thilt dl cong tac RLNVSP, TTSP cd hieu qua tdt hon Bp Giao due va Dao tao can cd quy dinh cu thi vl thyc hanh NVSP va chi dao cac sd giao due dao tao ciing nhu giao vien cua nganh phai xem cdng tdc thyc hanh NVSP ciia cac co sd dao tao giao vien la cong tac thudng xuyen hang nam, la mdt nhung tieu chi xet thi dua nang bac luong ciia giao vien 183 Ttf lieu tham khao Kit luan v i n ii nang cao chit lugng NVSP cho SV cac tnicmg DHSP la mgt van de Itm, doi hoi sy nfl luc tflng hgp ciia cac nha quan li, cac nha khoa hgc, cac giang vien true tijp diing lap, dac biet doi hoi sy nfl lyc ty than cua SV Trong bai viet nay, chung toi chi tap trung dl cap van de gop phin nang cao chit lugng RLNVSP cho SV Thilt nghl, neu cac bien phap dugc trien khai va thyc hien tot, chac chan se gop phan khong nho viec S611(77) ndm 2015 thyc hien cflng nhiem vu lim: Dao tao SV su pham tra nhung giao vien co trinh dg chuyen mon vung vang co tri thirc su pham, kT nang su pham phong phii, co tinh than dgc lap, ty chu, sang tao giang day cung nhu viec xir li cac tinh huong giao due Giao vien dugc dao tao vai "chat lugng" nhu vay se la mgt ngufln lyc manh, gop phan khong nho dua sy nghiep giao dye nutjc nha som hgi nhap vm khu vuc va quflc te TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bg Giao due va Dao tao (2006), Chuong Irinh khung gido due dgi hgc (ban hdnh Iheg Thdng lu sS 28/2006/QD-BGDDT cua Bg trudng Bo Gido due vd Bdo tgo) Ha Ngi Bg Giao due va Dao tao (2007), Quy che dao Igo dgi hgc ego ddng he chinh quy Iheo he Ihong tin chi (ban hdnh kem theo Quyit dinh sd 43/2007/QD-GDDT ngdy 15/8/2007 cua Bg trudng Bg Gido due vd Ddo Igo) Ha Ngi Bg Giao due va Dao tao (2009), Thong lu s6 30/2009/TT-BGDDT ban hdnh quy djn Chudn nghe nghiep gido vien Irung hoc eg sd, trung hgc phd Ihdng Vo Xuan Dan (2006), Gido due dgi hgc - mgt goc nhin Nxb Dai hgc Quflc gia Thanh phfl Hfl Chi Minh, tr.265 Trucmg Dai hgc Su pham Thanh phfl H6 Chi Minh (2007), Quy chi thuc tap su phgm (ban hdnh kem Iheo quyit dinh s8 1146/QD-DHSP-DT ngdy 27/11/2007 c Hieu Irudng Trudng Dgi hgc Suphgm TPHCM) Trucmg Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi, Dai hgc Hul, Truang Dai hgc Su pham TPHCM, Truang Dai hgc Su pham Thai Nguyen, Dai hge Cin Tho (2011), Quy chi Ihuc lap supham Truang Dai hgc Su pham Thanh phfl Hfl Chi Minh (2013), Quy chi ddo too dgi hgc vd cao ddng he chinh quy Iheo he thdng tin chi (ban hdnh kem Iheo Quyil dinh so 1830/QD-DHSP ngdy 30/8/2013 cua Hieu Irudng Trudng Bai hoc Su phgm TPHCM) Trucmg Dai hgc Su pham Thanh phfl Hfl Chi Minh (2014), Quy chi Ihuc hdnh nghiep vu suphgm Irong ddo Igo gido vien theo hgc chi tin chi (ban hdnh kem the Quyet dinh sg 45/QD-DHSP ngdy 09/01/2014 cua Hieu trudng Trudng Dai hoc S phgm TPHCM) (NgAy T6a soan nhSn dum bit: 30-9-2015 ngiy phin biin dinh gii: ngiy chip nhin ding 24-11-2015) 07-10-2015