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JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE DOI 10 I8I73/2354 I075 20I6 0019 Educational Sci,, 2016 Vol, 61 Nil l pp 166 17 1 This paper is available online al http7/ stdb,hnue,edu,vn 1 mu m ma C A C B I E N P H A P T[.]
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE Educational Sci,, 2016 Vol, 61.Nil l p p 166-17.1 This paper is available online al http7/.stdb,hnue,edu,vn DOI 10 I8I73/2354-I075.20I6-0019 CAC BIEN P H A P T O C H U C T R O C H O I N H A M P H A T TRIEN N G O N NGU CHO TRE M A U G I A O KHIEM THINH - TUOI TRONG MOI T R U N G GIAO D U C HOA NHAP Biii T h i L a m Khoa Gido due Ddc biit, Truimg Dgi hgc Su pham Hd Npi Tom tat Phal tnen ngdn ngfl lii mpt muc neu quan irong trgng giao due tre khilm thfnh - tudi va chdi lii phtfdng tien hffu hieu de phat iricn ngdn ngff cho Ire Ndi dung bai bao de ciip den cac bien phap td chflc tro chdi nham phal irien ngdn ngff cho Ire khiem thinh - tudi irong mdi trtfbng giao due hda nhap bao gom nhom bien phap la: nhdm bien phap chuan hi dilu kien id chffc Iro chdi, nhdm bien phap id chffc hudng dan tre chdi vii nhdm bien phap ho trd td chflc trd chdi, vdi 10 bien phap cii the Cac bien phap dtfde dc xuat dam bao cac yeu cau ciia id chffc tro chdi d Idp mau giao hoa nhap, iac ddng vao loan bp qua trinh id chflc trd chdi vdi stf phdi hop gitfa giao vien Ibp mau giao vdi giao vien ht' trd vil gia dinh Ire khiem thinh nham phal tricn ngdn ngff cho Ire Ttikhda: Giao due hda nhap, phat trien ngdn ngfl Ire khiem thfnh, trd chdi Md dau Trong giao due Ire khiem thfnh, nghien cffu tim kiem cdc phtfdng phap, bien phdp phdt trien ngdn ngff ludn la van d l trung tarn va dtfpc nhilu tae gid quan tain, dac biet eac nghien cffu cfla Kuder S Jay, Yoshinaga-Itano, C , Raver, S.A [4, 6, 7] Cae nha nghien cffu ve phat m e n ngdn ngfl t h o tie khilm thinh lfla tudi mau giao deu Ihong nhat riing: de phdt tnen ngdn ngfl cbo ire khilm thfnh Iffa tudi dat hieu qua, nhd gido due can tim cac bien phdp id chffc eac boat ddng va tao mdi tnrbng giao liep de thdng qua dd tre hgc ngdn ngtf, chtf khdng phiii khong phai la day ngdn ngfl cho lie, Ung ho quan diem nay, mol sd nhii k h o a h g c nhtf: Kuder S Jay, Yoshinaga-Itano, C , Elizabeth, A and Nerys, R., Raver, S.A [2, 4, 6, 7] da khang djnh vi trf ddc biet quan cua Irb chdi qua trinh phat trie'n ngdn ngfl cho Ire khiem thfnh lfla ludi m i u giao Cae bien phdp phal tnen ngdn ngfl eho u e kbiem thfnh da dUdc cdc tdc gia Yoshinaga-Itano, C , Mary, P.M., Hahshie, J va cgng stf, Kudei S Jay, , [3, 4, 5, 7] d l x u i t nhffng nghien cffu cua minh, song nhffng nghien cflU mdi chi tap trung vao hd trd Ire irong boat ddng ean thiep ca nhan CJ Viet Nam, hd trd, phiit trien ngdn ngff cho tre khilm thfnh tudi m l u giao la mgt muc lieu quan trgng eua cdc chffdng trinh ean thiep sdm Song nghien eflu eac bien phap phat trien ngdn ngfl cho Ire d a t biet mdi tnrdng giao d u t hda nhap cdn r i t han t h e D o tudi - tuoi Ngay nhan bai 15/1 l/20L'i Ngiiy nlian dang' 20/2/2016 Lien he Bin Thi Lam, e-mail Ianibi@liniie edu mu m ma Cdc biin phdp td ehuc Ird ehoi nhdm phdl Iriih ngdn ngu cho tre mdu gido khiim ihinh "'5^01^.; la diem gifla cfla giai doan can thiep sdm CJ lffa tudi tre khilm thinh vfla chuyen Ifl chUdng tnnh hudng dan phu huynh sang chffdng trinh mdu gido hda nhap Sau qud trinh deo may trp thfnh, tre da Ifch Ifly dtfde nhffng kinh nghiem nghe, ndi ban diu, day la thdi die'm cin sir hd trd tfl mdi trffdng giao tiep va eac chien Itfdc can thiep de thuc day stf phdt trien ngdn ngfl cho tre De tre khiem thfnh dat dtfde cac muc tieu phdl trien ngdn ngff va giao tilp cfla eudi dd tudi mdu giao ein cd mot qua trinh tac ddng cd he ihtSng Bdi viet gibi thieu mgt sd bien phap td chflc trd chdi nhdm phat trie'n ngdn ngfl cho tre khiem thfnh - mdi guip gido vien mim non Ide dong din stf phdt trien ngdn ngfl tua tre khiem ihinh mdt each cd mue dfch, he thdng, khoa hgc song van dam bdo dffdc stf vui ve, ttf nhien eua trd chdi 2.1 Noi d u n g nghien cihi Khai niem bien phap to chii'c tro chdi nham phat trien ngon ngir cho tre khiem thinh - tuoi moi trtfbng giao due hoa nhap Bien phap to ehfle trd chdi nham phdt trien ngdn ngfl cho tre mau giao khiem tbi'nh - mdi la nhflng each thffc td chffc cu the Irong hoat ddng chdi eflng gitfa gido vien va tre dtfa Iren dac diem kha nang, nhu eau cua ire khiem Ihfnh va dilu kien moi trtfdng giao due hda nhap nham phat trien ngdn ngfl cua Ire trd chdi 2.2 Cd sd khoa hoc dinh htfdng xay dtrng bien phap to chiic tro chcfi cho tre khiem thlfnh - tuoi moi trudng giao dtic hoa nhap - Dtfa tren quan diem xa hgi vl tre khilm thfnh, dd la nhffng tre cd stf suy giam hay mit kha nang nghe, lam cham qua Irinh phdt trien ngon ngff hoae mil liing ndi gay ban chl chtfc nang giao tilp [4] De phal trien ngon ngff cho Ire mdt mat cin hd trd Ihfnh hgc de giflp Ire nghe dtfde tdt hdn, dong thbi phai cd cac bien phdp irb giup qua trinh td ehflc cdc hoat dting giao due, - Stf phat tnen ngon ngff cua tre khiem thfnh, cd dac trtfng la ngdn ngff ndi cham phat trien va cd mgt sd khdc biet, song khdng cd kit qua nghien cflu cho thay stf phat trien eham Irl cua ngon ngff ki bieu Nhffng khiem khuylt vl nghe rd rang la mdt ylu id anh htfdng quan trgng den nhffng khilm khuyet ve stf phat trien ngon ngfl Cd hgi tham gia vao eae cube hgi thoai bing lbi bj ban che, nen nhflng tre khilm thfnh khdng ed nhieu cd hgi de hgc ndi [5, 7] Do dd, tre khiem thfnh can dffdc tao nhieu cd hgi hdn de hgc ngon ngff Ihdng qua cac boat ddng vdi stf htfdng dan cd chu dfch tua nha gido due - Van de sfl dung trd chdi gido due tre khiem thfnh Trong giao due Ire khiem thfnh, trd chdi dtfde sff dung theo ba htfdng chinh Mot la, cac trd chdi dtfde sfl dung nhtf mdt phtfdng tien trj lieu ngon ngfl cho tre [ I ] Hai la, cdc trd chdi dffdc td chffc cho tre tap trung vao viec cai ihien kT ndng chdi, cdch nhdm mb rdng cae Irb chdi cua ire hdac kT nang ttfdng tdc vdi moi trffdng thdng qua trd chdi [1] Bala, cac trd chdi tap trung hd trd Ifnh chit chdi, nhan manh den chit Itfdng chdi eua Ire chfl khdng the hien nhffng hoat dpng chdi cu the [I ] Trong nghien cflu nay, eae bien phap dffbc de xuit giao thoa gifla htfdng thfl hai va ba dd Id sff dung trd chdi cua Ire khilm thinh mgt each cd muc dfch, vffa thue day sfl phat trien kT nang choi cfla Ire, dam bao tinh chat chdi vui ve eua Ire Irong trd chdi song cfing dat dtfde cac mue lieu gidd due, dae biet la cdc mue tieu phdt trien ngon ngff eho tre khiem thinh - Thuc trang td ehflc trd chdi nham phal trien ngdn ngfl cho tie khilm thfnh - tudi d Ibp mlu giao hda nhap hien eho thay gido vien da nban thffc dUdc tim quan trgng eua cdc bien phdp phdt trien ngdn ngfl cho tre khilm thfnh to chffc trd chdi, song ehfla nhan thffc dung va ^ diy dfl vl ban chat eiie bien phap phat Irien ngon ngff cho tre khilm Ihfnh Cd mdt sd kT thuat thflc hien bien phap giao vien chtfa hieu ro hoac cho iang khong bill din Gido vien eung chtfa quan tam thuc day mdi quan he Itfdng Iac giffa eae tie em nong qua Irinh chdi, dat biet giao vien mam non dang thieu cac kiln thffc va kT nang Iam viec vdi tre khuylt tai noi chung va ire khilm thfnh ndi rieng De phal trien ngdn ngfl eho tre khilm thfnh va nang cao chat Itfdng gido due Ire khiem thfnh vin dl nghien cffu ve bien phdp td chfft trd thdi nham phat tnen ngdn ngfl chd Ire la mgt nhu tau tap thiet 2.3 Cac bien phap to chii'c trd chdi nham phat trien ngon ngii' cho tre khiem thinh - tuoi moi trudng giao due hda nhap Bai viet de xuil nhdm bien phap vbi 10 bien phap eu the dp dung loan bo qud Irinh td chflc trd chdi cho Ire khiem thfnh - tudi d ldp mau giao hda nbap vdi stf phdi hdp chal che vdl gia dinh tre • im ttai v i I i y dvnf Uctr^ chirl - L4p kt ho«ch t ( ctiCrc cho trt choi - X9y dvng mSl tnximg chal phii hvp, (liu kfch thich ng6n ngii' t tS chii'c trdcKotr nhSm ngdn^ngO* cho^tri khigm thinh •CMu chinb cMi hu&nt:0n choi pM h«p vM Mil niMiflcOnnfii'cA> trt - Sir dvnc c jckrthti«t phit trifo ngin nfir chotritrahf khichcrl rSirdvm g)«>tl«(ptp vWtrtkM chort -Khiiv«n khfch tri tirrngMc tronf chert -MnhgUkAquichol , , t - Iich hgrp sfr dyng tr6 choi hofttfOng hfi tr^c^nhan - HA tr? chs mf trd khltfm thfnh v« iS nfing ttf lAHn: tr6 ctrarl ^" Sd Bien phdp td chiJfc tro chai nhdm phdt trien ngon ngu cho tre khiem thinh 3-4 tudi 2.3.1 Nhdm bien phap chuan bi dieu kien to chiic trd chtri Biin phdp I Stfu tam va xay dtfng cac trd chdi nhim phat trien ngdn ngfl eho tre khilm thfnh - moi * Mue tieu, y nghia: Cung cip cho eae gido vien mam non "ngan hang" cac tro chdi, boat dgng dffdi dang tai lieu ngudn bao gdm cac Ird chdi td chffc chung cho tit ca tre em Ibp va nhflng trd chdi hd trd cae kT nang dac thu cho tre khiem thinh Dieu dam bao sff thuan ldi cho Cdt biin phdp td chiic Ird choi nhdm phdl irii'n ngdn ngii eho tre mdu gido khiim thinh giao vien id chffc trd chdi cho tre em d Ibp mau gido hda nhap * Ngi dung: Cac trd chdi dtfde stfu tim va xay dtfng phfl hdp vdi muc tieu phdt trien ngon ngfl cua Ire d giai doan bao gdm: trd chdi ren luyen ki nang nghe, trd chdi ren luyen phal am, trd chdi phat trien vdn tfl, trd chdi sff dung ngdn ngfl * Cach tien hanh: Giao vien tu xay dtfng hoac stfu tam cac Ird chdi nhdm phal trien ngdn ngfl eho tre tff cac ngudn tai lieu khae nhu Hubng dan thtfc hien chtfdng trinh, lal lieu tham khao ve to chffc trd chdi d ldp mau giao hda nhap, tuyen tap iro chdi Biin phdp 2: Lap ke hoach id chflc Ird chdi cho tre * Muc tieu, y nghia: Lap ke hoach la khau dau tien Irong qud trinh id chffc cho tre chdi Mdt kl hoach dfldc xay dung tdt la cd sd dmh htfbng cho loan bg eae hoat ddng cua giao vien va Ire em Uong trd chdi de dat dtfde cae mue tieu giao due * Ngi dung: Ke hoach td ehfle Ird chdi bad gom: Muc tieu, ndi dung chdi va hinh thffc id ehffe chdi, cac bien phdp Ihtfc hien, chuan bi phtfdng lien thtfc hien Ke hoaeh td chffc Irb chdi d Idp mau giao hda nhap can dam bao quan tam den, nhu eau cd nhan cua tffng tre dae biet la Ire khilm thinh; thdng nhal vbi chffdng trinh cham sdc - gido due tre, hnh boat va ttf nhien; an loan vdi tre em; cd stf tham gia cua cba me eua tre ean thiel * Caeh lien hanh: Khi lap ke hoaeh id chffc Ird ebbi cbo Ire, giao vien can thtfc hien theo eac budc: Phan tfch kha nang chdi hien tai cua tre va mffc sff dung ngon ngtf, xac dinh muc tieu, ltfa chgn ngi dung chdi, hinh thffc chdi linh hoat phu hpp vdi muc lieu dat ra, ltfa chpn cdc bien phap thffc hien, dfl tfnh eac phtfdng lien cin ihilt de td chffc trd chdi eho ire Biin phdp 3: Xay dffng mdi Irtfbng chdi phu hbp va giau kfch Ihfeh ngdn ngff * Muc tieu, y nghTa: Xay dtfng moi trtfdng chdi la mdt bien phdp hffu hieu cho viec hd trd, tang ctfbng chdi va stf pbat trien cua tre khiem Ihfnh Mdi tnlbng chdi phu hdp se thu hut stf tham gia efla tre; gdp phan thffc day Ire chdi, sfl dung vat lieu chdi, thu hut ban be cung tham gia va tri irb chdi, tao cd hgi de Ire bdc Id kha nang chdi cua minb * Ndi dung: Viec xSy dtfng mdi trtfbng chdi cho tre bao gdm viee lao dieu kien nghe tdt eho tre, bd trf dia diem chdi, tao khong gian ngdn ngfl, trang bj sap xep dd dung dd cbdi, vat lieu, phtfdng tien kT thuat phfl hdp khuyen khfch tre chdi va kich thfch Ire hoe va sfl dung ngdn ngff * Cach tien banh: Tao mdi trffdng nghe thfch hdp cho tre khilm ihinh; sap xep khdng gian ldp hgc, cac khu vtfc chdi khuyen khich Ire ttfdng tdc va tao khdng gian ngon ngff; sff dung anh sdng hdp If de giup tre khilm Ihfnh quan sal rb khudn mat va cff cbi dieu bp; ltfa ebon dd dung, dd chdi, vai lieu chdi da dang va khuyen khich tat ca cac Ioai trd chdi, cdc mflc chdi khac nhau; sap xep, bd trf dd dung, dd chdi, vat lieu chdi cho tao cd hoi de tre dtfde giao lilp, hdp tdc vdi nhau; tao tam the thoai mai, chd ddi den trd chdi cbo tre; dilu chinh mffc iri^fu urgng, phflc lap, sff phan bdi cua dd dung, dd cbdi phu bdp vbi kba nang tilp can cua tre khiem thinh 2.3.2 Nhdm bien phap to chii'c htfdng dlin tre choi Bien phdp 4: Dieu chinh each td chflc htfbng dan chdi phu hdp vdi kha nang ngdn ngfl cua tre khiem thi'nh * Muc tieu va y nghTa: Nhflng dieu ehinh qua trinh td chffc trd chdi phu hdp se giflp tre phat trien tdt nhat kha nang cua minh, hd trd stf tham gia cua tre vao Irb chdi, giffp tre hoa nhap mot each bleu qua va cd y nghTa vao Ibp hge * Ndi dung: Thflc chat cua bien phap la dieu cbinh cdch thfle giao tilp, chi dan va sff dung cac phffdng tien ho trd phu hdp vdi kha nang ngdn ngfl cua tre khiem thinh nhtf giup Ire dgc hinh mieng, chfl y vi trf cua tre giao dip vdi giao vien va cae ban, sfl dung cdc phfldng lien trflc quan, va dilu chinh each sff dung Ibi noi cua giao vien hudng dan, gdi y, trd giup tre chdi Dieu chinh cdch to chffc hffdng dan trb chdi cin phfl hdp vbi kba nang cfla tre khilm thfnh, khdng danh gid thap kha nang, dac biet la kha nang ngon ngff *Caeh tien hanh: Trong qua trinh td ehflc trd chdi, giao vien quan tam tao dieu kien giup tre dgc hinh mieng, sip xep hdp li vj trf tre khilm thinh Irong Ibp va nhdm chdi, sfl dung bd sung eac hd Ird thj giac cho Ire khilm ihfnh, dieu ehinh viee sfl dung ldi ndi cua gido vien dam bao ire khiem thfnh hieu dfltic nhflng chi ddn, gdi y, cau hdi cfla co giao Biin phdp 5: Ap dung cac kT thuat phat trien ngdn ngfl eho tre Irong chdi * Muc tieu va y nghTa- Tan dung eae trb chdi de giflp Ire giao tiep va sfl dung ldi ndi, khuyen khfch tre dien dat hanh dgng, cff chi, suy nghi, du djnh chdi efla minh * Noi dung: Bien phap sfl dung cac kT thuat ndi mau, tao llnh hudng eho tre hge ngon ngfl, giao tilp, khuyin khfch tre sff dung ngdn ngfl chdi *Cach tien hanh: Cae ki thuat phat tnen ngdn ngfl cho Ire Irong chdi bad gdm: Sff dung Ibi ndi mau thdng qua cae kT thuat cu the la ndi mau, md rgng cau ndi cho tre, nhac lai, noi song song Iff ndi mdt minh; tao tinh hudng qua trinh cbdi bang each tao cae tinh hudng cd van de, dat cau hdi va tra Ibi, tao ldi va khuyin khi'eh tre sff dung ngdn ngfl phfl hdp vdi tinh hudng chdi thong qua viee cung eap tfl, cau phfl hdp, gdi y linh hudng hoac cau ndi eho tre Biin phdp 6: Sff dung giao tilp tdng hdp vdi ire chdi * Muc lieu va y nghia: Viee sfl dung giao tiep tdng hdp de giao tilp, hffdng dan, trd giup eho tre khiem thinh se guip tre tiep nhan dtfde thong tin day du bdn va dien dat dtfde suy nghi, mong mudn va y Itfbng chdi vdl ed giao va ban be * Ngi dung: Sfl dung cae phuong tien giao tilp khdc de tiep nhan va diln dat thong tin vdi tre khilm thfnh Nhflng phtfdng tien tilp nhan va dien dat thdng tin dtfde Ire khiem thinh sff dung ldp hoc bao gdm: nghe, nhin, quan sdt, lbi ndi, cff ehi dieu bg, kf hieu *Cach lien hanh: Trong cdc tinh hudng ebbi, giao vien cin sfl dung va khuyen khfch eac tre em khac Irong Ibp sff dung giao tiep tdng hdp vbi tre khiem thfnh bdng cdch kit hdp ldi ndi, hinh mieng vdi kf hieu, cff chi dieu bd, net mat, hanh dgng mb phdng, Tfly thuge vao tinh huong giao vien cd the ap dung linh boat viec kll hdp ndi vdi cff ehi dieu bd, ndi vdi hinh ve, tranh anh, ket hdp ndi vbi ki hieu ngon ngfl Biin phdp 7: Khuyen khich Ire tffdng tac cbdi * Muc tieu va y nghTa: Tro choi la hoat ddng huU hieu de tre khiem thfnh cd the tfldng tac vbi ban be Cac mbi quan he tffdng tac khdng chi giup tre hgc dffdc cac kT nang xa bdi ma cdn la cd hgi de tre hge ngdn ngff mgi cdch cd hieu qua * Ndi dung: Ttfdng tae chdi bao gdm ca sff ehu ddng Ifl phfa tre khiem thfnh song moi trffbng hoa nhdp thi ein eo stf chu dgng Ifl phfa tre nghe blnh thfldng, day Id mdt each ho trd tfe khilm thfnh ndi chung va hd trd hdc ngdn ngff cbo tre noi rieng Tao linh hudng de giup tre ttfdng tdc vbi nhau, mb rgng quan he chdi cho tre song dam bao Iudn tuan theo stf dan tidt cua tre tf-ong linh hudng chdi *Caeh tiln hanh: Khi td chffc Irb chdi, gido vien cin khuyen khich tre ttfdng lac cflng thdng qua viee giao vien hd trd, dilu phdi de Ire khiem thfnh va Ire ngbe binh thtfbng cung tham gia vao trb chdi, trd giup Ire bill each de nghj tham gia chdi cung cac ban bang Ibi ndi boae hanh dgng, tan dung sfl giflp dd tff ban cung trang lffa eho tre khiem thinh, lao tinh hudng de Ue Mdng tac vdi mdt cdch Itf nhien trb ehoi Biin phdp 8: Ddnh gia kel qua chdi * Muc tieu va y nghTa: Danh gia kit qua cbdi giup cho giao vien bill dtfde mffc tiln bg ve kT nang chdi va ngon ngfl cua tre Giflp gido vien cd cd sd tbifc te de nhan nhffng diem manh Cdc biin phdp id chiic trd chdi nhdm phdt irii'n nge'm ngir eho ire mdu gido khiim thinh diem yeu eua minh va ttf dieu chinb, hoan thien boat ddng cua co va Ire tiong chdi nham dat dfldc hieu qua cao hdn * Ndi dung: Danh gla kll qua chdi cua tre chinh la viec giao vien xae djnh chit Itfdng va kit qua cua boat dong chdi cua tre Can efl vao muc lieu giao due va muc tieu to chffc trb chdi cho tre em, noi dung danh gid kit qua chdi cua Ire dtfde eu the hoa theo cdc ndi dung: kT nang chdi eua tre; mflc phflc tap cua trb chdi; tfnh Ifch cflc tham gia vao trd chdi; sff dtfng ngdn ngfl qua uinh chdi; giao liep, ttfdng tac vbi ban chdi * Cach tiln hanh: Trffdc lien giao vien can xdc dinh ro yeu cau vbi tflng tre, thu thap thong tin de xac djnh kT nang chdi cua Ire, stf phal tnen ngdn ngff cua tre Ihdng qua trd chdi, so sdnh kT nang hien lai vdi mfle dp trtfdc do, so sanh kien thfle, kT nang hien tai cua Ire vbi muc lieu, yeu cau ein dat d tre Quan sat tre chdi Iheo bang quan sat de thu thap thdng lin cho phin ddnh gid Phan tfeh ket qua thu thap dtfde mgt each khach quan, khoa hge 2.3.3 Nhom bien phap ho tro to chu'c tro chcfi Biin phdp 9: Ti'ch hdp sfl dung trb chdi hoat dgng hd trd ca nban ire khiem thinh * Muc tieu, y nghTa: Viec sff dung trd chdi hoat dong hd trd ca nhan lam eho hoat dgng Ird nen nhe nhang, sinh dgng, hip dan ddi vdi Ire, phu hdp vdi dac diem phat trien ngdn ngfl efla tre mlu gidd khiem thfnh - mdi, tao dieu kien de giao vien tilp can Ire nhieu hdn tren ed sd dd bleu va dap flng mdt each phu hdp nhflng nhu ciu chdi, dae diem va sd thfch cua Ire * Ngi dung: Ltfa chgn va sap xep phu hdp cac trd chdi hoat dong hb trd ca nhan eho Ire khilm thfnh Trong chdi, giao vien cin ket hdp sff dung eac kT thuat phat trien ngdn ngfl cho Ire nhfl da dflde trinh bay bien phap * Cach tiln hanh: Lfla chgn va sff dung Irb ehbi tit cd cdc khau tiln trinh Ihffe hien boat dong hd trd ea nhdn cho tre khiem thfnh tff bflbe kiem tra may trd thfnh kit hdp luyen nghe; luyen tbd, luyen gigng, luyen van dgng cd quan phal am; giao tiep, Ird chuyen vdi Ire; Itfu giff san pham hoat dgng hd sd ca nhan Ire khiem thfnh Biin phdp 10: Hd trd phu huynh td chflc trd chdi nham phat trien ngon ngfl cho tre khiem thi'nh * Muc tieu va y nghTa: Bd sung kien thflc, kinh nghiem, kT nang va chdi vbi TKT eho cha me ire, nang cao stf phdi hdp thdng nhat phat tnen ngdn ngfl va giao due cho tre khiem thfnh gifla gia dinh va nha Irtfbng mim non * Ngi dung: Hd trd phu huynh tre khiem thfnh giflp hg cd kiln Ihflc va dac biet la kT nang chdi vdi tre, giflp phu huynh sfl dung Bang ddnh gia kT nang giao tiep efla ngtfbi Ibn vdi Ue de hieu sau hdn ve giao tilp va chdi vdi tre khilm thfnh nhim phdt trien ngon ngff eho tre va dieu chinh each giao tiep phu hdp irong chdi vdi Ire * Caeh tien hanh: Viec hd trd va phdi hdp vbi pbu huynh de id chflc trd chdi nham phat trien ngdn ngfl eho Ire khilm thfnh dffdc thffc hien Ihdng qua cac hinh thfle: trao ddi, trb chuyen, thao luan cua gido vien vdi phii huynh, cac budi htfbng din phu huynh chdi cung tre, eac cugc hgi thao tbeo nhdm, cung eip tai lieu cho phu huynh, hffbng din ki nang chdi vdi tre cho phu huynh tbdng qua viec lam mlu, sfl dung bang hinh iiwlw^*! 2.3.4 Moi quan he gitfa cac bien phap va dieu kien thtfc hien cac bien phap Cac bien phap cd mdi quan he chat che vbi nhau, cung nam mdt chinh the thdng nhat, bd sung va hoan thien Ian Cae bien phdp nhin manh din qua trinh lffa chon, sip xep ud chdi, stf phdi hdp hoat dgng eflng giffa giao vien va Ire, giffa cac tre vdi phu hdp vdi tre khiem thfnh - mdi Nhdm bien phap chuan bi dieu kien td ehffe trd chdi se la cac bien phap 171 Biii Thj Lam lao tien de, nhdm bien phap td chflc hfldng dan Ire chdi la cae bien phap tam tae dgng vao qua trinb ttfdng tae gifla tre vdi giao vien, gifla eae ire vdi nhau, nhom bien phap hd trd to chffc trd chdi cd ldc dpng va hd trb eho lit ca cdc bien phdp thugc nhdm mgt va nhdm hairThtfe hien dtfde cae bien phap se giup cho tre khiem thinh kbdng chi phat trie'n ngon ngfl ma cdn giup tre ed the boa nhap thtfc stf va cd y nghTa vao cdc hoat dpng d Idp mau giao De thtfc hien dffdc eac bien phdp tren ddi hdi cac dilu kien sau: Ve phfa Ire: Tre khiem Ihinh sfl dung phtfdng tien trd thfnh va cd kinh nghiem nghe, ndi ban diu Tre nghe binh thtfbng Idp dtfbc liffdng din de chip nhan, khdng phan biet ddi xff ddi vbi tre khiem thfnh va hd trd ddn gian giao tiep eho tre khiem thfnh v l phfa gido vien: Cd hieu biet ve mfle phat Irien trd chdi cua Ire em ndi chung Ire khiem Ihinh noi rieng, tiln trinh phdt trien ngon ngfl cua tre khiem thinh, nhflng bleu hien khac vl ngdn ngfl va giao liep efla tre khiem thfnh Cd ki nang id chffc trd chdi chd Ire d trtfbng mim non Ve phia phu huynh tre khiem thfnh: Phu huynh cd stf cgng tdc chat che vbi giao vien, quan tam din viec cham sdc- gido due Ire Dilu kien ed sd vat chit: Can eo stf diu ttf va quan tam den viec xay dtfng mdi trtfbng chdi eho tre So Itfdng Ire nhdm, Idp khdng qua ddng de giao vien cd the quan sat dtfde tffng ca nhan tre va dap ffng nhu cau cua tre Dam bad cung cap cac dich vu cham sde va hd trd thfnh hpe kip thbi Ket luan Trb chbi la mgt phtfdng tien hffu hieu de phdt trien ngon ngfl cho tre khilm thfnh va ird chdi cang dtfde phat huy tac dung hdn giao vien td ehflc mgt each cd muc dfch rd rang, khoa hpe, dtfa tren nhflng dae diem eua Ire va gifl dffdc stf vui ve cua trd chdi Nghien cffu da de xuat ba nhdm bien phdp to chffc trd chdi nham phat trien ngdn ngfl cho tie khiem thinh - moi bao gdm nhdm bien phap chuan bj dieu kien td ehffe trd ebbi, nhdm bien phap td ehffe hffbng dan tre chdi, nhdm bien phdp ho Ird td chffc Irb chdi vbi 10 bien phdp cu the Cdc bien phap dtfde de xuat dam bao cac yeu eiu eua td chffc trd chdi d ldp man giao hda nhap, tie dpng vao loan bo qua trinh td chffc trd chdi vdi sfl phdl hdp gifla giao vien ldp mau giao vbi giao vien hd ird va gla dinh tre giup Ire dtfpc hgc ngdn ngff mdt mol trtfbng vui ve, Itf nhien TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Couse, L.J., Clawson, M.A., 2000 Social play of preschool children with special needs and typically developing children Paper presented at the Conference on Human Development Memphis Tennessee, 97-119 Elizabeth, A and Nerys, R., 1994 Helping the hearing impaired child in your class Oxford Brookes University Hahshie, J., Moseley, M.J., Scott, S.M., Lee, J., 2006 Enhancing communication skills of deaf and hard pf hearing children in the mainstream New York: Delmar Publishers Kuder S Jay, 2003 Teaching students with language and communication disabilities Pearson Education, Inc Mary, P.M., 2000 Early intervention and language development in children who are deaf and hard of hearing Pediatrics, 106, 43 - 52 Raver, S.A., 2009 Early childhood special education, 0- years: Strategies for positive outcomes New Jersey: Pearson Education Cdc biin phdp id chdc trd chesi nhdm phdt triin ngc'm ngU cho ire mdu gido khiem thinh [7] Yoshinaga-Itano, C , 2000, Successful outcomes for deaf and hard of hearing children Seminars in hearing, 21 (4), 125-154 ^S^tisl 'Ptnbl Organized play to improve language learning in 3-4-year old children with a hearing impairment in an inclusive education setting Language development is an important educational goal for children who are 3-4 years old with a hearing impaimeni and play is an effective tool forlanguage development This article refers to ways lo organize play to develop language in children with a hearing impairment These measures include: preparing to organize play, guidance and support of children during play, and supporting and organizing play These measures were suggested to ensure that the requirements of play organization in inclusive kindergarten settings, impacting Ihe entire process of play organization in inclusive kindergarten settings with collaboration between preschool teachers, support teachers and children's families Keywords: Inclusive education, language development, children with hearing impairment, play uf^'l ... chflc trd chdi cho Ire khiem thfnh - tudi d ldp mau giao hda nbap vdi stf phdi hdp chal che vdl gia dinh tre • im ttai v i I i y dvnf Uctr^ chirl - L4p kt ho«ch t ( ctiCrc cho trt choi - X9y dvng... ngdn^ngO* cho^ tri khigm thinh ãCMu chinb cMi hu&nt:0n choi pM hôp vM Mil niMiflcOnnfii''cA> trt - Sir dvnc c jckrthti«t phit trifo ngin nfir chotritrahf khichcrl rSirdvm g)«>tl«(ptp vWtrtkM chort... ttf lAHn: tr6 ctrarl ^" Sd Bien phdp td chiJfc tro chai nhdm phdt trien ngon ngu cho tre khiem thinh 3- 4 tudi 2 .3. 1 Nhdm bien phap chuan bi dieu kien to chiic trd chtri Biin phdp I Stfu tam va