TAP CHi KHOA HQC BHSP TPHCM Nguyin Nggc Tdi va tgk GIAI PHAP DOI M 6 I N O I DUNG, HINH THU''''C GIAO Dye HU"6NG NGHIEP CHO HOC SINH TRUNG HQC THEO DINH HU*6NG PHAN LUONG HOC TAP VA CHON NGHE NGUYEN NGOC[.]
TAP CHi KHOA HQC BHSP TPHCM Nguyin Nggc Tdi va tgk GIAI PHAP DOI M I N O I DUNG, HINH THU'C GIAO D y e H U " N G NGHIEP CHO HOC SINH TRUNG HQC THEO DINH HU*6NG PHAN LUONG HOC TAP VA CHON NGHE NGUYEN NGOC TAI", DAO THj VAN ANH", NGUYEN HLCU T A l " TOM TAT Viec thay doi npi dung vd hinh thuc gido due huang nghiep (GDHN) cho hpc sinh (HS) nhu thay doi khung chuong trinh huang nghiep xdy dung di dn hudng nghiep, to chuc thuc hdnh hudng nghidp Id mpt viec ldm cdn thiet vi nd gop phdn thuc ddy cong tdc phdn luong tot gido due ihdng hien Bdi viit trlnh bdy ede bien phdp nhu dieu ehinh ehuang trinh khung ve hudng nghiep eUng nhu ede chuyen de long ghep GDHN a trudng trung hpc vd de nghi mot de dn huang nghiep qua nghien ciru viee thuc hi$n cong tdc hucmg nghiep tgi Thdnh Ho Chi Minh (TPHCM) Til khoa: giao due huong nghidp, phan luong, chpn nghe ABSTRACT Solutions to the innovation of contents and forms of vocational education for high school students following the study and career allocation approach Innovating the contents and forms of vocational education for students including modifying the syllabus, developing vocational projects, organizing vocational practice, etc is an essential step in boosting the allocation of study in general education nowadays The article presents solutions such as modifying the syllabus as well as integrating some topics in vocational education in high schools and proposes a vocational project through research on vocational implementation in Ho Chi Minh City Keywords: vocational education, allocation, career choice I Dat van de ciia xa hgi, nhidu HS chpn khong diing Hidn nay, thyc trang dinh huong nghd nen khong phat huy dugc nang lire nghd nghidp cho HS mgt so bat cap cua ban than Vi vay, can thiet phai dua m6i truang, m6i dia phuang thuc hidn mpt so giai phap doi mai nhim nang theo hinh thiic khac Cac ngi dung cao hidu qua GDHN theo huang: va hinh thiic GDHN cho HS trung hgc Didu chinh ehuang trinh khung vd theo dinh huong phan luong hgc tap va GDHN cung nhu cac chuydn dd long ghep chgn nghd nhiing han chd, dan den su GDHN o cac truong trung hpc; mit can bing dao tao nghd, Thu nghiem cong tac tham vin cac nganh hgc va din den mit can bang huong nghidp chuyen bidt a truong trung vd nhu ciu nhan lire cac ITnh vuc hgc " TS, Trydng O^i hpc Su phgm TPHCM; Emaii: ngoctai@ier.edu.vn "ThS, Trifd-ng Dgt hpc Su phgm TPHCM ' " NCS, Tru'6'ng Bgi hpc Su phgm TPHCM TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM No! dung Chuong trinh khung vd GDHN tai cac truong thong can dugc dieu chinh cho phu hgp voi thuc trang ciia xa hpi cung nhu phu hgp voi vide phan bo thai gian cho mon hpc GDHN tai cac truang Day la ydu cau rat can thidt va kha thi Cac bidn phap dd xuit la dieu chinh ehuang trinh khung ve huang nghiep cUng nhu cde chuyen de long ghep GDHN a trudng trung hpe vd de nghi mpt de dn hudng nghiep qua nghien euu viee thuc hien eong tdc huang nghiep tai TPHCM 2.1 Dieu chinh ehuang trinh khung ve hudng nghiep cung nhu cdc chuyen de long ghep GDHN d trudng trung hpc 2.1.1 Mue tieu Muc tidu cua vide dieu chinh chuong trinh khung vd huong nghiep cung nhu cac chuydn dd long ghep GDHN truong trung hpc nham nang cao hidu qua eiia chuong trinh khung vd hucmg nghidp cung nhu cac chuyen dd I6ng ghep GDHN a truang trung hpe 2.1.2 Npi dung Didu chinh ehuang trinh khung GDHN hien nay: Chuong trinh khung GDHN hidn tuong doi dap ling dugc tinh cap thidt va tinh thuc te, nhidn, van can khac phuc nhiing ton tai nhu cin phai hien thuc hoa xu huong ehpn nghd ciia HS dd dam bao ket hgp dugc cac ydu to bao gom nguydn vpng, nang lire ea nhan, dac didm nhan each, nhflng doi hoi eua nghd nghiep va nhflmg ydu ciu ciia xa hpi d6i voi nganh nghd Dd thuc hidn So 11(77) ndm 2015 dugc didu nay, cong tac huong nghiep can Iam tot han a cac hinh thiic nhu giao due tuyen truyen nghd nghidp, tu vin nghd nghidp va tuydn chpn nghd nghidp Cong tac giao due tuydn truydn nghd nghidp thu hiit nidn chii y ddn cac nghd ma xa hpi dang can; ngoai ra, gop phan hinh khuynh huong nghd nghiep va tao su hiing thii cho nien Tu van nghd nghidp la mpt he thong nhung bidn phap tam li giao due dd phat hidn va danh gia nhung nang Iuc vd nhieu mat ciia HS, nham giiip HS chpn nghd c6 ca so viing chac Muc dich ciia tu van nghe nghiep se dat duge bang each nghien ciiu nhiing nang lire ciia mpt ea nhan cu thd Tuydn chgn nghd nghiep eo muc dich xac dinh su phu hgp nghd nghidp eiia nguoi du tuydn day, sir phu hgp nghd nghiep duoc hidu nhu nhung ydu cau ciia thi trugng lao dpng Nhu vay, huang nghidp co nhidm vu CO ban: giiip HS tim mpt nghd phu hgp nhat voi nhimg kha nSng ciia ca nhan va CO y nghTa to Ion han la dap ling nhu ciu nhan luc cho tat ca cac ITnh vuc nghd nghiep cua xS hgi Didu cip thidt can lam d6i vai cong tac hucmg nghidp tai cac truong thong la CO ehuang trinh cu thd ciia Bo Giao due va Dao tao, tai lieu, phuang tidn va c6 can bp chuydn trach dugc dao tao chuydn sau ve tu van nghe nghiep Tu vin huang nghidp cin dugc coi la hoat dpng chinh khoa, co chi dgo thuc hien vd chuydn mon chat che va thdng nhat doi voi tat ca cac trudng Nha TAP CHi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM truang co sy kdt hgp voi cac trung tam tu van vd hucmg nghi?p dd lam cac trie nghidm chuydn sdu vd tam li va sy thich ling vai cac nganh nghd Tai lieu b6 sung saeh giao vidn GDHN Idrp lap 10 ddn lop 12 (tac gia Ho Phung Hoang Phoenix, Trin Thi Thu, Nguydn Nggc Tai, Nxb Dai hgc Qu6c gia Ha Npi) da neu day dii npi dung vd GDHN tir chuyen dd tim hidu ban than, tim hieu nghe nghidp va xay dung kd hoach nghd nghi?p voi cac buoc hucmg dan rat cy the cho giao vien qua trinh giao due nghd nghidp Mpt gidi phdp bo sung cho phdn thue hdnh: Xay dyng mot kd hoach, chuong trinh thuc hanh cu thd cho HS a mpt so nganh nghd nhat dinh Muc tieu: HS dugc true tidp quan sat va tham gia vao cac moi truang nghd nghidp theo mot chuong trinh dupc ldn kd hoach tru6c Cdch tiin hdnh: HS dugc lam quen voi cac nganh nghd trdn lop vd mat li thuydt HS thu chpn mot nganh nghd ma minh ua thich • Lidn he, ldn kd hoach di thyc td tai cac nai HS s6 tham quan va thuc hanh T6 chiic cho HS dugc tidp can thuc dia, tryc tidp tham gia nhu mgt vidn, quan sat va dugc thuc hanh cong vide thai gian mot cho moi dgt di thyc td 2.2 Bi nghl mpt di dn hudng nghiep qua nghien cuu vi?c thyc hiin cong tdc hudng nghidp tgi TPHCM NQI DUNG D E AN MVC TifiU Muc tieu chung Nguyin Ngoc Tdi vd tgk - Tao dieu kien tdt cho HS co the vira hgc van hoa vua hpc nghe, tir do, tao nguon nhan lire cho sir phat trien kinh te va xa hpi cua dja phircmg - Giup HS va phu huynh co nhan thiic dung dan viec hpc van hoa va hoc nghe phil hgp vai dieu kien, hoan canh gia dinh - Gop phan giai quyet viec mat can doi giQa lyc lugng ngucri Iao dpng trf 6c va ngirai Iao dong co tay nghe cao thuc tien lao dong cua xa hoi Muc tieu cu the Thirc hien cap bac trung hpc dat chuan theo dieu kien: - Thanh thieu nien tuoi cap bac tmng hpc phai co bang tot nghiep tmng hpc thong (THPT), hoac bang trung hoc chuyen nghiep (THGN), bing THPT (giao due thuang xuyen - GDTX), bing tdt nghiep dao tao nghd ba nam trd len trudc het 21 tuoi - Huy dpng 95% trd len sd ddi tugng cap da tdt nghiep trung hpc ca sd (THCS) vao hpc THPT trudng thudng hoac tai cac trung tam GDTX, THCN va day nghe Trong do, it nhat 15% vao hoc cac trudng day nghe va 15% trd len vao hpc cac trudng THCN Yeu cau - Van ddng dugc cac cap lanh dao, cac ban nganh doan the, cac luc lugng kinh te, van hoa, xa hpi quan tam hd trp cong tac phan ludng HS, thieu nien tai dia phuang - Tao dieu kien mpt each tdt nhat nai hpc van hda, hpc nghd, tung birdc tao cdng an viec lam cho cac ddi tugng HS, thieu nien da qua dao tao - Cac bac phu huynh thay dugc tucmg lai ciia em minh, dd la cung hda nhap, lam vide, lao ddng xa hdi va dn djnh cudc sdng TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM II N H L N G N O I D U N G CU THE Doi tirong phan ludng - HS ldp dang hpc tai cac trudng THCS: - HS ldp 10 11, 12 dang hpc tai cac tnrdng THPT va trung tam GDTX; - Cac thidu nien d dp tudi tir 15 den 21 Dieu kien phan ludng Cac doi tugng phan ludng phai tdt nghiep THCS ha\ THPT Noi dung pban luong a HS tdt nghiep THCS dinh hir&ng: - Vac hpc THPT (cdng lap, dan lap); - Vao hpc THCN: - Vao hpc nghe ket hcrp hpc GDTX cap THPT b HStot nghiep THPT djnh hudng: - Vao hpc THCN: - Vao hpc cao dang: - Vao hpc dai hpc; - Tham gia lao ddng ket hgp hpc nghe ngan han Ket qua phan ludng - E>e sir phan cong lao dpng xa hdi cd tinh hieu qua cao han che viec thieu cdng nhan kT thuat cd tay nghe cao, giam ap luc ve tam li ve td chirc tuyen sinh dai hpc, cao dang, han che su mat can ddi ve dao tao - Djnh hudng HS chpn trudng diing, kha nang dieu kien da tdt nghiep THCS va THPT Cach thuc tbuc hien phan ludng Chpn lua cac dem vj dao tao lien thdng tir trung cap kT thuat len cao ding va dai hpc de dinh hudng nhieu dudng di tir bac hpc phd thdng den cao ding, dai hpc a Ddi vdi HS tdt nghiep THCS: Tu van phan tudng theo ddi tirpng - HS cd dieu kien kinh te cd nang luc hpc tap tir tmng binh kha trd len: + Djnh hudng cho cac em chpn nguyen vpng xet tuydn vao cac trudng THPT cdng 16 Sd 11(77) nam 2015 lap va dan lap phii hgp dieu kien kinh te gia dinh va nang lire hpc tap + Dinh hudng cho cac em cd the hpc Idn dai hpc tu dudng THCN dudi hinh thiic dao tao lien thdng - HS cd dieu kien kinh te khd khan, hay nang luc hpc tap tir trung binh trd xudng: Dinh hudng cho HS ldp 10 he GDTX dong thdi hpc he trung cap kT thuat (3,5 nam; nam), nghd bac 3/7, 4/7 (tir 18 thang ddn nam) cd chd dp cip hpc bdng mien giam hoc phi cho dien gia dinh chinh sach Nhu vay, sau thdi gian hpc theo hinh thiic nay, HS thi tot nghiep phd thdng (GDTX), ddng thdi cd dupc chiing chi nghe bac 3/7,4/7 hay bing tdt nghiep THCN b Doi v&i HS l6t nghiep THPT Phoi hgp cac trudng THPT djnh hudng cho HS khdng nhit thidt tat ca HS phai thi vao dai hpc ma cd the hpc tir he trung cap nam hay cao dang nSm vao kha nang hpc tap Cac HS ddng hpc phi theo quy dinh ciia trudng, nhien, tiiy theo doi tugng se dupc xet cap hpc bdng, mien giam hpc phi tir quy hpc nghd ciia dia phucmg HS sau tdt nghiep nghe bac 3/7, 4/7, tdt nghiep he Trung cap bdn nam hay hai nam se dugc: - Hd trg lien he gidi thieu di lam d cac khu cdng nghiep, nha may, xi nghiep va cac CO sd san xuit; - Hpc tiep lidn thdng (danh cho he trung cap) len chuong trinh cao ding va dai hpc tiiy theo nganh nghd Gidi thieu nganh, nghe va h^ dao tao Thudng xuyen gidi thieu danh sach cac nganh nghe, cac trudng day nghd, tmng cap nghe tai dia phuang cho HS va phu huynh Chi tieu phSn luong U.HS tdt nghiep THCS - 50% hpc he cdng lap; - 30 hpc he dan lgp; TAP CHi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM - 20% hoc he GDTX kdt hgp hpc nghd, THCN, kT thuat nghiep vu b HS tdt nghiep THPT - 35% hpc cao ding, dai hpc; - 35% hpc THCN, hpc nghd + kT thuat nghiep vu ; - 30% tham gia lao ddng xa hdi , III Giai phap thvc hien Td chirc Thanh lap Ban chi dao dy an phan ludng HS vdi phan la dai dien chinh quydn cac cSp, sd giao due va dao tao (GDDT), phdng GD-DT, hd! khuyen hpc, vd! su tham gia ciia hieu trudng cac trudng THCS, THPT, giam ddc trung tam GDTX, trung tam kT thuat tdng hgp - hudng nghiep (KTTHHN), trung tam day nghe Thanh lap Ban tu van hudng nghiep, dmh hudng phan ludng HS THCS: Phdng GD-DT, hidu trudng cac trudng THCS, Thanh l^p Ban tu van hudng nghiep djnh hudng phan ludng HS THPT: Sd GDDT, hieu trudng cac trudng THPT Thanh lap Ban cung ling lao dpng, gidi thieu viec lam: Sd lao ddng thuang binh xa hdi, lidn doan lao ddng Tuyen truyen giao due - cung cap thong tin ve dao tao va nhu cau nghe a Doi v&i chinh quyen - Doi vdi ehinh quyen phudng, xa Xay dung chuyen muc Ban tin hang thang dd thdng tin tuyen truydn cho ngudi dan; Dua vao hoat ddng thudng xuyen ciia hdi khuyen hpc - Ddi vdi chinh quyen qudn, huyen, tinh, ban tuyen gido va cac han ngdnh doan thi: Dua vao ISnh dao bing cac nghi quydt, kd hoach phat tridn kinh td - xa hdi b Ddi vdi cdc nhd qudn li giao due va cdc trudng trung hoc Phan cdng can bd phu trach cac trudng THCS, cac trudng THPT, tidp can phan loai HS theo didu ki?n kinh te gia dinh Nguyin Nggc Tdi vd tgk nang luc hpc tap, sd thich, nguyen vpng dd tu van phan ludng HS mdt each hgp li nhat Timg budc bdi dudng giao vidn chu nhiem cac Idp cudi cap ve cac kT nang tuydn truyen phan ludng, kT nang tu van hudng nghiep dd thuc hidn cdng tac phan ludng - Can bp phu trach cac trudng thdng ke ket qua phan ludng HS ciia trudng phu trach theo tirng nam; tir dd xay dung chi tieu, ke hoach cho nam sau - Cac sd GD-DT len ke ho^ch cho cac phdng GD-DT, cac trudng THPT td chiic cac dgt tu van hudng nghiep cho HS ldp trudc ki thi tdt nghiep THCS, xet tuyen vao ldp 10 Cac HS Idp 12 trudc thi tdt nghidp phd thdng, thi tuydn vao cac trudng THCN cao dang va dai hpc Ndi dung tuyen truyen: + Tuyen truydn nham nang cao nhan thiic xa hdi vd nghd nghiep + Tidp can dd giiip HS hidu ro vd kha nang ciia ban than va dieu kidn gia dinh viec lya chpn hudng di sau tdt nghiep THCS, THPT Dau tir co* sd v^t chat - m^ng lirdi truwng lop Tham muu vdi cac cap lanh dao ve quy hoach xay dung mang ludi giao due - Xay dung tru sd hoat ddng trung tam KTTH - HN va trung tam GDTX mdt khdi lien hoan - Xay dung trung tam day nghe, trudng kT thuat nghiep vu dap ling dupc nhu cau dao tao nhan lyc Dau tir kinh phi - H3 trg cap hpc bdng, trg cap hpc phi; - Xay dyng quy hd trp hpc nghd tir nhidu ngudn van ddng; - Td chiic hdi chg vide lam, trien lam gidi thieu nganh nghd cho HS; - Hd trg kinh phi tham quan thuc te cac don vj san xuat, kinh doanh TAP CHi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM Dieu tra cff ban - Nhu cau phat trien cda dia phuang vd kinh te - xa hdi: Dinh hudng chuyen dich co cau kinh td ciia dia phuang; - Nhu cau cua cac nha san xuat, doanh nghiep, khu cdng nghiep tren dia ban Tir dd, xay dung kd hoach hpp ddng lien kdt, xin chi tidu vdi cac trudng de dao tao cac nganh nghd tuang lai cd nhu cau cap thidt, cudi cting la nham giai quydt dau sau hpc xong Phoi hgp lien ket phan luong Vdi cac trudng day nghe, kT thuat nghiep vu, THCN, cao dang, dai hpc tren dia ban huydn, thi xa, phd cua tinh: de lien ket dao tao, dinh hirdng HS dang ki hpc - Vdi cac doanh nghiep, khu cdng nghidp, XI nghidp, nha may: dd xin nhu cau lao ddng, hpc bong dao tao, quy phat tridn nhan lire; cho HS tiep can cac nganh nghe thyc te Vdi chinh quyen dia phuang, cac tmdng THCS va THPT: dd tuyen tmydn van dpng ngudi dan cd nhan thiic dimg din vin dd phan ludng va tao didu kien cho HS tham gia hpc tap lao ddng theo dinh hudng Giai quyet dau - Dieu tra ca ban de nam nhu cau thuc te ngudn lao ddng timg giai doan cua cac khu cdng nghiep doanh nghiep, co sd san xuit kinh te ca the dd cung cip cin thiet - Lien kdt cac ca sd dao tao td chirc hdi chg vice lam de gidi thieu san pham dao tao theo timg nam - Phdi hgp vdi cdng tac xuit khiu lao ddng can thiet dudi dang cung cap nguon lao ddng cd kT thuat sau da dao tao IV DIEU KIEN KHA THI THU'C HIEN DE AN I Thanh lap Ban chi dao dd an va Ban quan li de an cap tinh, huyen, ph6, xay dung ke hoach hoat ddng mang tinh lau dai 18 S611(77) ndm 201S dd dd an thuc su di vao thyc tidn va cd higu qua Z Cac nha quan li giao due len kfi hoach vd kinh phi dao tao vdi cac tnrcmg; xay dyng quy che quan li, giao due va dao tao gitra cac trudng THCS va THPT vdi cac trudng day nghd cd lien ket viec hpc nghd va hpc van hda Dia phuang cd dau tu xay dyng ca sd vat chat cho cac tmng tam GDTX, KTTHHN Hang nam cd dieu tra nhu cau v£ cac nganh nghd x5 hpi, tridn khai kd hoach th^rc hidn cdng tac phan ludng tuyen sinh vao cac trudng lien kdt dao tao tai trudng THCS THPT Cach thiJc tien hanh - Chuong trinh khung vd GDHN dircrc uu tidn dua vao cac tidt hpc mdt each hop li, cd dau tu vd cdng tac bdi dudng giao vien cd quy thdi gian thich hgp cho cdng tac thvc hanh - Bt an ve GDHN dupc trien khai bang cac budi bao cao chuyen de, cac tpa dam de dam bao tinh thich hgp kha thi do! vdi timg dia phucmg, vdi cac thay ddi theo thdi gian cua nhidm vu phat tridn kinh te - x3 hdi 2.3 Thd- nghiem cong tdc tham van hudng nghiep chuyen biet & trudng Trung hgc 2.3.1 Muc tieu Xac dinh nhidm vu va tam quan trpng ciia cong tac tham v i n hudng nghidp chuydn biet d trudng trung hpc Dd xuit to chiic phong chiic nSng tham v i n huang nghi?p chuydn bidt trudmg trung hpc 2.3.2 Noi dung Nhiem vu va tam quan trpng ciia cdng tac tham van huong nghidp chuydn bidt d trudng Trung hpc: TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Tham van hudng nghiep chuyen biet la mot qua trinh gdm nhidu budi lam vi?c giua nha tham vin va HS tai phong tham van cua trudmg nhim giiip HS cd lya chpn cudi cho vide dinh hudng nghd nghiep ciia minh sau rdi nha trudng trung hgc Cong tac tham van hudng nghiep chuydn bidt trudng hpc cd y nghTa quan trgng doi vdi HS: + Mpt sd lugng ldn HS cd thd dugc tham gia qua trinh tham van hudng nghiep; •I- Thuan lgi vd khdng gian, thdi gian; +• Dugc tac dpng bdi nhiing hoat dpng hudng nghiep chung ciia nha trudng; •I- Dugc cap nhat kip thdi nhiing thdng tin vd tuydn sinh ciia cac trudng dai hpc, cao ding, trung cap nghe Noi dung ciia cdng tac tham van hudng nghiep chuydn biet d trudng trung hpc: + Trao ddi ve cac nganh nghd, cdng tac tuydn sinh ciia cac trudng; + Tim hieu ve dac diem tam sinh H ciiaHS; Nguyen Nggc Tdi vd tgk +Tim hieu vd gia dinh HS, kinh te va hoan canh gia dinh, tac dpng den vide hudng nghiep ciia HS; + Sir dung cac trac nghidm giiip HS danh gia dugc sd thich, nang luc, ca tinh va gia tri nghd nghiep; + Thdng tin ve nganh nghe, cho HS chpn mdt sd nganh va bit diu tham vin tir cac li vi HS chpn nganh dd cho ban than Phucmg tidn: + Phdng tham van chuyen biet dat trudng trung hgc; + Co sd dfl' lieu ve cac trudng nghd, trung cap, cao dang, dai hoc; + Cac phidu trac nghidm vd tam 11 va chpn nghd; + Bang danh sach nganh nghd Cho HS chpn im tien tu den nganh va didn cac li vi HS chpn, tren ca sd do, nha tham van trao doi vdi HS dua tren nhumg thdng tin ve HS (sd thich, nang Iuc hpc tap, kinh te gia dinh nham giiip HS xac dinh va lam sang td van dd, xem xet tat ca cac kha nang va dua lya chpn tdi im sau xem xet kT cac ydu td lien quan Li chon STT Danh sach cac nganh nghe Do ban than yeu thich Do y kidn gia dinh Do tac ddng ciia ban be Li khac (HS tryc tiep trao ddi vdi nha tham van) TAP CHi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM 2.3.3 Cdch thue tien hdnh Cac nha quan li giao due cd ke hoach vd quy md nhan su, kinh phi de lap cac phdng tham van - Cac trudng cd kd hoach cu the, tuyen dung chuydn gia hoac giao vidn kiem nhidm tiiy didu kien timg dja phuang Cdng tac td chiic phdng chiic nang tham van hudng nghiep chuydn bidt d trudng trung hpc: + Thanh lap phdng chiic nang ridng danh cho tham van hudng nghiep chuyen biet; + Cd dpi ngu cac nha tham van cd kinh nghiem ve tam sinh li, dugc tap huan kT vd cdng tac hudng nghiep, phan ludng; + Ldn kd hoach xep lich cho cac budi tham van; -^ Tham van true tidp tai trung tam tham van trudng hpc l/u diim eiia tham vdn chuyen biet trudng hpc: Thdng tin dugc phan anh hai chidu true tidp, kip thdi; Cac kl nang tham van dugc sir dyng mdt each Hnh boat va hidu qua; S6 11(77) ndm 2015 Cd the tidn hanh tham van cho timg ca nhan hoac mdt nhdm HS; Khdng gian td chiic tham van trudng hgc se tao dugc khdng gian biu khong thoai mai, gan gui vdi vi?c trao ddi ve mdn hpc, vd nganh nghd Ket luan Npi dimg va hinh thirc GDHN cho HS trung hpc can theo sat nhflng thay dii sy phat tridn cua kinh td - xa hpi va su phat tridn ciia cac nganh nghd Cac tai lieu GDHN Men da dua nhiing kien thiic ca ban vd GDHN nhu qua trinh tim hieu vd ban than, tim hidu vd nghe nghidp va xay dung ke hoach n^e nghidp cho tuong lai Giai phap ddi mdi npi dung va hinh thiic GDHN cin chii trgng hon nu'a vao kd hoach cho HS di thuc td bang each quan sat va cd the tham gia true tidp vao mpt sd moi trudng nghe nghiep tai dia phuang qua trinh tu cip THCS ldn cip THPT Phdng tham van chuydn bidt Uong nha trudng la giai phap tich cue GDHN hien nay, viec van hanh thudng xuydn cdng tac tham van cho HS se mang lai hieu qua cao cho vide djnh hudng nghd nghiep ddi vdi timg HS TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Hd Phung Hoang Phoenix, Trin Thi Thu, Nguyen Ngpc Tai (2012), Tdi lieu bdsung sdch gido vien GDHN lap 9-ldp 12, Nxb Dai hpe Qudc gia Ha Ndi Phdng Giao due quan Tan Phii (2006), Di dn phdn ludng hpc sinh sau trung hpc ca sd vd trung hpc phd thong, TP Hd Chi Minh (Ngdy Tda soan nhdn difoc bai: 26-6-2015, ngdy phdn bi&n ddnh gid: 29-6-2015; ngdy chSp nhdn (JSng: 17-7-2015} 20 ... tir trung binh trd xudng: Dinh hudng cho HS ldp 10 he GDTX dong thdi hpc he trung cap kT thuat (3,5 nam; nam), nghd bac 3/7, 4/7 (tir 18 thang ddn nam) cd chd dp cip hpc bdng mien giam hoc phi cho. .. hudng cho HS khdng nhit thidt tat ca HS phai thi vao dai hpc ma cd the hpc tir he trung cap nam hay cao dang nSm vao kha nang hpc tap Cac HS ddng hpc phi theo quy dinh ciia trudng, nhien, tiiy theo. .. trudng phu trach theo tirng nam; tir dd xay dung chi tieu, ke hoach cho nam sau - Cac sd GD-DT len ke ho^ch cho cac phdng GD-DT, cac trudng THPT td chiic cac dgt tu van hudng nghiep cho HS ldp trudc