ITNG PHO vca NHCNG KHO KHAN TRONG HOC T^P CUA SINH VIEN NAM THlT NHAT DAI HQC Sif PHAM D^I HQC HUE PHI CONG MANH Hgc vien Cao hgc Trudng DHSP DHH NGUYiN QUANG UAN Tnrdng Dgi hgc Suphgm Hd Ngi Tom tat[.]
ITNG PHO vca NHCNG KHO KHAN TRONG HOC T^P CUA SINH VIEN NAM THlT N H A T DAI HQC Sif P H A M - D ^ I HQC HUE PHI CONG MANH Hgc vien Cao hgc Trudng DHSP - DHH NGUYiN QUANG UAN Tnrdng Dgi hgc Suphgm Hd Ngi Tom tat: Ung phd la mpt nguon lyc quan ttong hoat dpng hoc t|p ciia sinh vien ndi chung va smh vien nam thii nhit ndi rieng U'ng phd giiip sinh vien nam thii nhat thich ung nhanh chdng vdi nhdng yeu cau ciia hogt ddng hpc tap, cbo phep ho nim bat va lam suy ylu nhiing tac nhan gay khd khan, tu thich nghi hogc cai bien hogt dpng hpc tip ciia chfnh minh, vupt qua kho khan va hpc tgp tot hon Trong bai vilt nay, chiing tdi gidi thifu kit qua nghien cdu thyc trang ung vdi nhiing kho khan ttong hoc tip ciia sinh vien nam tiui nhit (SVNTl) ttuong Dai hpc Su phgm (DHSP) - Dai hpc Hui (DHH) vi tir dd de xuat radt sd bien phap thu nghiem nham nang cao kha nang iing phd cho SVNTl I.DATVANDE Hi$n nay, SVNTl dang phii ddi mgt vol nhilu thich thdc hgc tap nhu: khdi lugng tri thdc ldn, phuang phip hgc tap mdi, yeu eiu lira kilm v i xu ly lii lidu hgc tap, yeu eiu sip xdp thdi gian hge tip phu hop, chuang frinh hgc lap mdi, quy che hge tip d dai hgc Nhung thich thuc niy gay khdng it khd khan cho cac em Ben cgnh do, kiln thiic, kinh nghiem sdng, kha ning iing phd vdi khd khan frong hgc tgp ciia cic era dang cdn hgn ehl Vi viy, viee giao due v i ren luyen de eae em lya ehgn cic eich ung phd cd hieu qua li viee lam het siie can thiet frong mdi trudng dai hgc hien U'ng phd vdi khd khiu frong hgc tap d mdi trudng dgi hgc da dugc nghien ciiu d nhieu nude fren the gidi Tuy nhien, d nude ta, vin de vin chua dugc quan tam thich ding Thdng qua nghidn ciiu vl ling phd vdi nhung khd khan frong hpc lip cua SVNTl DHSP - DHH, chiing tdi mong mudn tim hieu cich ling phd cua nhdm khach the ddi vdi nhung khd khan frong hge tgp, tu dd de xuit v i thu nghiem mgt sd bi?n phap nhim ning eao kha nang iing phd vdi nhflng khd khan frong hgc tip Nghien ciiu dugc thye hien tt^n 422 SVNTl eiia hai khdi tti nhien (khoa Toan, Vat ly, Hda) va xi hdi (Ngu^ vin, Lich su) Phuong phip nghien ciiu ehii dao li su dung phieu trung cau y kiln; bing hdi duge chiing tdi xiy dung dya fren viec tham khio, dilu chinh, chinh sua eac bd cong cy nghien eiiu da ed fren Ihl gidi vi frong nude [1], [2], [4], [5], [6] KHAI NIEM UKG PHO VCil KHC) KHAN TRONG HOC TAP U'ng phd la mdt qua trinh ning ddng eiia chu the Dd la nhflng nd lye eiia ci nhin, bao gdm ca hanh dgng ben ngoai va tim ly ben ttong nham giai quylt nhun^ tinh hudng gay can ttd hoac vugt qui nang cua ea nhin, budc ea nhan phii nd lye de giai quyet T^p chi Khoa hoc va Giao dye, Tnrdng Dai hoc Su pham Hui ISSN 1859-1612, S6 01(21)/2012; tr 95-105 PHI CONG MANH -NGUYEN QUANG UAN U'ng phd vai kho khin hoc tap la nhOng n6 luc cua sinh vien, bao gdm ca mit lim ly ben va hanh dgng ben ngoai, huong vao giai quySt nhifng vjn da, tinh hu6ng gay kho khSn hoc tip ma sinh vien gap phai Nhu vay, viec lira chpn each ung chiu sir chi ph6i t^t Ion bai tinh chii quan ciia ca nhan va die di6m ciia hoan canh ben ngoai ITng voi kho khan hpc tap cho flily kha nang sinh vien lira chon va ap dung nhiing each iing ph6 hieu qua de giai quySt nhung tinh hu6ng gay kho khin hoc tip No nhSn manh d6n viec sinh vien bi6t lua chon nhiing hanh vi iing phu hop, tich cue, co lpi cho su phat tri8n ciia ca nhan [3] KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU 3.1 Nhan dinh chung vl irng ph6 c i a SVNTl vol nhii'ng kho khan hoc tap Trong phieu ttvng ciu y kiSn, chung toi su dung thang Likert bac, la: miic dp "khong bao gio - it - thinh thoang - thuang xuyen - tit thuong xuyen" tuong ilng voi thang diSm "1 - - - - 5" Nhu vay, dilm thip nhit la 1, cao nhit la 5, SV c6 dilm cang cao thi cang thuong xuyen sir dung each iing v i ngupc l?i 3.1.1 Cdc cdch irng vcfi nhihig kho khan h(ic tap ciia SVNTl (tdng qudt) Bang KSI qud cdc cdch ung phd v&i nhimg kho khan Irong hoc tdp cita St^NTl (Idng qudt) STT Cac cich irng Tich cue chii dong Tim kilm su ho tro Xoa diu cang thing Lang tranh Tieu cue DTB 3,32 3,30 3,21 2,13 2,10 DLC 0,90 1,07 1,05 1,20 1,10 Ghi chu: DTB: Diem trung binh; DLC- DQ lech chudn Bang eho thiy, hien SVNTl d i lya ehgn ci cich ung phd gap phii khd khan hge tgp, ttong cich dng phd "Tich cue chu dgng" dugc su dung nhidu nhit Cich ling phd "Tim kiim sir hd trg'* xep vi tri thu 2, tilp theo la each phd "Xoa diu cang thdng" xip thu 3; cich iing phd "Ldng tranh" xdp d vj tri thd v i it su dung nhat li each ung phd "Tiiu cue" d vi 0^ tiui Kit qua cho thiy SVNTl d i su dung nhung each ling phd phu hgp vdi tin suit cao hon Tuy nhidn, de khing dinh SVNTl DHSP - DHH ed ling hieu qua vdi khd khan frong hgc tip hay khdng, ehung ta cin xem xel tung ehi sd frong eae each dng phd cy the 3,1.2, Cdch dng phd "Tich cue chu dpng" Bang Mirc dg sir di^ng cdch ung phd "Tich arc chii dgng" ciia SVNTl Nhan thiic ITng phd tich cvrc chu d$ng Tdi SUV nghl xem tai kho khan lai xay voi ban thSn toi Toi CO gSng suy nghT Iam thay doi ban than de giai quyet van de tot Hon Toi nghl xera minh co the lam gi de cai thien tinh trgng kho khan ciia minh DTB 3.54 3,50 DLC 0,93 0,88 3,55 0,89 l^rNG PHO vdl NHPNG KHO KHAN TRONG HOC TAP CL'A SV NAM THL' NHAT Thai Hanh doQg Toi quyel tam tu minh no luc w o t qua nhung kho Vtian dang xay den voi minh T6i no luc lap ke boach hpc lap moi de giai quyet kho khan ciia minh Toi binh linb xem xet minh nen phai lam gi tiep theo de giai quyet kho khin cua minh Toi hanh dons ticb cue de cai thien tinh hinh Toi sap xep lai viec hoc tap cua Twinh va im nen nhihig viec cin phai giai quvet ngav Toi tbam gia vao cac can lac bo hoc tap, diln dan \ a bpi thao tiao ddi ve hoc tap TBC mat 3,34 0,91 3,23 3,21 0,86 0,89 3,10 3,29 0,92 0,93 3,20 0,95 3J2 0,90 Bing cho thiy vdi DTB ca mat la 3,32 nhin chung each iing phd "Tich cue chd dgng" duge eae em su dyng d mue cao Cu thi, ed tdi 275 SV (65,1%) su dyng d muc cao ^TB>3,0); 52 SV (12,3%) muc rit eao (DTB>4,0); 68 SV (16,1%) muc truaig bmh (DTB