GIAO DMC B5 KHAO SAT MlTC DO HAI LONG CUA SINH VIEN HE DAO T' gidi bdi dg tudi cua da sd sinh vien khd tre vdi 62% dudi 30 tudi va 22% gong khodng 3040 tudi Vdi dg tudi kha tre nhu vay, sd hgc vien chua lap gia dinh cung chiem da sd gong mau khao sat (174 ngudi) Miic dg hdi ldng cua sinh vien vi chuong trinh vd ngi dung ddo tgo Trong nhieu thgp ky qua cac nha nizhicn ciiu gido due dai hge da cd danh gid sg hai ldng ciia sinh vien theo cdc luan cu khdc nhau: ludng miic hai long cua sinh vien de xac djnh nhiing yeu td dugc hai ldng nhdt va it hdi ldng nhdt v i chuang trinh dai hgc va cdc djch vy hd ug nhdm mye dich thgc hien nhiing bao cdo va tg cai lien chat lugng Ben canh dd, nhtrng trai nghi?in cua sinh vicn qua trinh tri hgc tap cung lien quan vdi sg hai ldng cua sinh vien (Chen vd Hughes 2004) Nhiing quan lam ve tam quan trpng ciia viec Id chuc, chat l u ^ g ciia qud trinh xay dyng ki hoach vd dnh hudng cua chung ddi vdi ket qud cua chuong ginh cai each dao lao lir xa dugc the hien qua nghien cuu ciia Brown (2001) Cdc yeu td dnh hudng den sg hdi ldng ciia sinh vien cdng dd dugc de cgp cdc nghien cuu trudc day Cdc yiu td bao gdm chdt lugng gidng vien (Fredcrieksen E., 2006; Powell 2007), hi^u qua gidng day (Johnson vd cac cdng su, 1999); mtic dp vd chdt lugng trao ddi, tuang tae giua giang vien va sinh vien, khd ndng cd van cho sinh vien, sinh vien cd the nhdn dugc su phan hdi lii giang vien Ihudng xuyen vd dung luc, khdi lugng hgc (Arbaugh, 2001), ngi dung cua khda hge (Zarghami & Hausafus, 2002), mdi gudng thuan lgi cho viec hgc, viec cung cdp tdi li?u hpe tap (Northrup, 2002) Tinh cgng ddng, tap thi thdng qua vif'c hgc vd lam vi?c theo nhdm eung dugc xem la cd lien quan den sg hdi ldng cua sinh vien (Johnson et al., 2000) Han niia, kha ndng ling dung kJ thugt edng ngh? cung la mgt nhan td quan trpng anh hudng den muc hai ldng ciia sinh vien Kit qua khdo sat ciia nghien cuu hi^n lai cho thdy da sd sinh vien ddnh gia rdng ngi dung cua chuang trinh dao tgo td xa la hgp ly (ly I? ddng v' vdi nhgn djnh ndy tren 50%) Sd lugng sinh vien khdng hdi ldng vdi ndi dung ctia chuang irinh dao tgo tu xa chiem ty Ie rat thdp vd khdng ddng ke; chi CO 13/346 (ty 1? 3.75%) sinh vien dugc phdng van cho Id ngi dung cua chuong trinh khdng hgp Iy vd rdt khdng hgp [y Ddi vdi kit cdu ciia chuang ginh, ty 1? sinh vien hdi TAP CHI KHOA HQC S6 (21) 2011 cua sinh vicn ve chuang trinh dao iao tii xa nhu chi phi cho viec hgc trinh dd va sg chuyen nghiep cua nhdng ngudi lam viec chuang trinh vd ciia cdc giang vien .MUc dg hdi long v&i tdi U$u hu&ng Nghien ciru hien lai khao sdt muc hai ddn dn tap long ddi vdi dgi ngu giang vien dugc the Ty le sinh vien ddnh gia tai lieu hudng hien qua su danh gia eua sinh vien ddi vdi ddn dn tap Id hgp ly chiem 41.26% long sd sg tan tam, nhiel tinh, uinh chuyen mdn, sinh vicn dugc phdng vdn ciing vdi 2.29% khd ndng truyen dat va tinh nghidm tuc cho rdng tai li?u hudng ddn dn lap la rdt hgp gong qua trinh gidng dgy ly Tuy nhien, sd sinh vien danh gid muc Ddnh gid cda sinh vien doi v&i s{r tgn dd hgp ly eiia tdi lieu huijng dan hpe tap Id "bat hgp ly" hay "rdt bat hgp ly" cung dang ttim, nliift ttnh vd trinh dp chuyen mdn chii y sd ndy chiem tj' 1? tren 14% cda gidng vien (50/349 sinh vien duge hdi) Sd sinh vien Nhin ehung ly le sinh vien hdi ldng cho rdng ldi lieu hudng ddn binh thudng vdi sg tan lam nhiet linh eiia giang vi€n nhdm khdo sdt cung khd cao 147/349 kha cao (ty le triin 62%) Sd sinh vien ngudi (42.12%) khdng hdi ldng ve y£u id ndy cua gidng ldng chiim tren 46% sd ngudi hoc khdng hai long vdi thii lu ciia cac mdn hgc chi chiim mpt ty le thap (12.06%) M&c dd hdi ldng vdi npi dung mon ligc vien rdt thap, chl ed sd 343 sinh vicn (chiem 2.6%) cho rdng giang vien chua ldn lam va nhiet linh Trong dd, ket qua khao sal cho Ihay mgt sd lugng ldn sinh vien irong nhdm khao sat danh gid cao irinh chuyen mdn ciia gidng vien (chiem Iren 76%) Ciing gidng nhu ddi vdi sg tgn lam, nhi^t tinh cua giang vien sd sinh vien khdng hdi long vdi trinh dp ehuyC'n mdn ciia giang vicn giang day chuang trinh dao tgo tir xa chi chiem mgt ty le rat thap, khoang 2% Trong 344 sinh \icn tham gia tra ldi cau hdi Id npi dung mdn hgc cd phu hgp khdng llii cd 201 ngudi eho rang ngi dung phil hgp va rat phii hgp ddi vdi hg (chiem tren 58%) Nhdm sinh vien ddnh gid ndi dung mdn hpe chua hgp ly chiem ty le rdt thdp 1.45% Nhdm cho \ kien binh thudng chiem ly 1^ (40.12%) cao han nhieu so vdi nhdm cd y kien chua hgp ly nhung ly le ndy vdn tliap han nhdm cd y kien hgp ly din 18.31% Muc dg hdi ldng vdi so iugug mon hgc chuong truth Da sd sinh vien ddnh gid rang sd lugng mdn hgc hg dugc hgc la vira du: so ngudi cho y kien ndy 227/342 sinh vien duge hdi (chiem 66.37%) Sd sinh vien cho rdng sd lugng mdn hge Id nhieu chiem 23.39% Giiia hai y kien Id chuong trinh qud nhieu hode qua it mdn hgc thi sd sinh vien eho Id hgc nhieu mdn qud chi cd ngudi (dudi 3%), uong so sinh vicn cho la so lugng mdn hge can nhieu hon chiem 7.6% Muc d^ hdi Idng cua ngu&i hgc dot v&i d^i ngu gidng vien Gourley (2008) dd di cap din nhirng yeu td chung anh hudng den vice ddnh gia Ddnh gid cm sinh vicn ddi vdi klid ndug truyen dgt bdi hgc vd linh nghiem tuc Irong gidng dgy ctia gidng vieii Mac dil sd sinh vien chua hdi Idng ve each gidng bdi va khd nang truyen dat ctia giang vien rat it (khoang 5%), dd sd lugng sinh vien cho rdng gidng viiin Iruyen dgt bdi hgc de hieu chiim 46% Tuy nhien, sinh vien danh gia eao su nghiem tiic eCia giang vien dugc the hien qua vi?c dam bdo gid gide giang dgy vd giang vien cd nhirng phuong dn rieng danh cho gidng day tir xa Ty 1? sinh vien hai Idng ve muc dg nghiem tiic ciia giang vi^n chiem gen 70% va ty le chua hai Idng ve gJd gidc lam vice ciia giang vien rai Ihdp, chi chiem 2% Mirc dp tiep cgn vd s^r hdi long doi v&i ca s& vol ch&tpli{ic vu ddo Ujo Theo Northrup (2002), mdi trudng thudn lgi cho vice hgc sc dnh hudng tieh cue den hi?u qua hgc tap, su hai ldng cua sinh vicn ddi vdi chuang trinh hge Chen va Hughes (2004) cung di cap din su hdi Idng ciia sinh vicn Men quan hi$u qud ddng ky hgc vd cac cdng tdc hanh chinh, cong tde luydn sinh, hd trg tai chinh, tu vdn hgc tap, vd djch vy hd trg d hgc dudng ve cac thu tyc hanh chinh nhanh, chinh xde, Nhdm sinh vien khong phan nan cung khdng hdi ldng Id chiim uu thi 42.86% Cdn nhdm cdn lai (chua hdi long vd hdi ldng) chenh lech khoang 6% Danh gid ve trach nhiem, nhiet tinh eua nhdn vien, fy le sinh vien hdi long chiem khodng 30% ly le cho rdng binh thudng chiim uu the (46% vdi 150/329 ngudi trd Idi) Ddi vdi trach nhiem cua cdc can bg, nhan vicn ciia eae co sd lien ket td chuc dao tao, sd ngudi hdi ldng chiim ty 1? Vi phdn ddng khdng sir dung thu vi£n khdng cao (38.08%) nhung cQng nhiiu trudng, khoang 43% sinh vien he ddo tao gdp 2.5 ldn ty le sinh vien chua hdi long tir xa ciia Trudng DH Md TPHCM thua (14.25%), nhdm ga Idi binh ihudng nhan hg khdng hdi ldng cflng khdng phdi la la ddng nhdt (chiim 47.68%) khdng thda mdn vdi tai lieu hoc igp d thu Nguyen Hdng Son (2009) cho rdng ddc vien trudng Tuy nhien, sd sinh vien diem ndi bat cda phuang phap gido dye dao da su dyng thu vi(;n trudng, sd lugng sinh tao lu xa la cd su tuong tdc giira ngudi hpe vicn chua thoa man vi nhung ldi li?u cua va tdi li?u hgc lap Ben canh nhiing Ihuan Irudng cao hon so sinh vien hai Idng lgi cdng nghe thdng tin mang lai (nhu Dil sd Iugng sinh vien hai ldng (39%) giao liep qua v^ tinh, may vl tinh, internet, chiem uu the hon so vdi nhdm chua hai long kel ndi internet khdng day vd web) cho phep (15%) ve ke hogch gidng dgy, dn tgp, thi cu, tiep nhgn vd chuyen giao ilidng tin nhanh ty le khd thdp (34%) sinh vien hdi long ban va cap nhdt npi dung di dgl dugc chdt cd den 14% chua thda man ve phong lugng eao vd viec ting dung hieu qua hon hgc hd trg cho viee hpe cho thdy cdng tdc (Mujumdar, 2008), sinh vien theo hgc cac td chtic, ddc biet Id bd tri phdng hpe eua chuang Irinh ddo lao tir xa cung cd nhirng chuang trinh tii xa cdn can phai cdi tiiien khd khdn viec tiep nhgn thdng lin nhieu Vi theo hgc tir xa nen sinh vien he nhu gidi hgn ve ngdn ngu (nhu tieng Anh), ddo tao thudng dua vdo Internet de truy cap khdng the sdp xep thdi gian cdn thiel de lap thong tin tir websiie irudng Tuy nhien, sd ke hoach hgc tap cu the Sinh vicn theo hgc lugng sinh vien chua hai long ve thdng tin cae chuang trinh ndy ciing cdn nhOng sg ho dugc cap nhgt tren websiie ciia Irudng cdn trg can thiel de giiip hg phdt trien edc ky cao hon so vdi sd lugng sinh vien hdi long nang hgc tgp (Pamiekoek, 2008) nhien mire chenh leeh chi la 2% Hoang Tuyit Anh Thu (2008) da khdng dinh thu vi^n sd la cdng cy chinh cua chuong Mirc dp hdi long cda sinh vien doi v&i trinh ddo tgo tir xa khd nang lim trtt, san cong ldc lid tr^ hdnh chinh xudt va phd bien cdc lai nguyen tren mang Mii'c dg hai Idng ddi vdi nhftng ho trg Internet Ngoai thu vicn sd cdn giup hdnh chinh tir phi'a nhd trudng duge thi hien ngudi day vd hoc tim kiem, tao nen tai lieu qua nhflng yeu td sau: tham khdo cho viec day va hgc Han nOa Cac van de ve ihii lyc hdnh chinh vd trach dao tao tii xa Id mgt loai hlnb dao lao tien nhi^ni ciia nhdn vien phye vu gidng day lien, nd cdn ung dung nhtrng thdnh tuu cua Mdc du 329 ngudi dugc hdi llii cdng nghe hien dai nhu intemel, ddi phai chi cd khoang 100 ngudi hai ldng nliung ty thanh, Iruyen hinh, bdng dta, bang tieng 1^ cao hon 6% so vdi nhdm chua hai ldng (Le Bao Ldm, 2009) TAP CHI KHOA HQC Sc5 3(21)2011 Vi mdi sinh vien cd nhung kJ ndng, su thuan tien khac sii dyng nhung phuang lien phye vy vice hgc Do dd nghien ciiu cung tiin hdnh thu thgp danh gid ve mirc dp cdn thiel tdi lieu hpe tap ciia sinh vien dang theo hpe chuong trinh lii xa ctia DH Md Tp.HCM Su tiep cgn vdi tdi lifu, sdch, gido trmh Da sd sinh vien chuang trinh ddo lao til xa (75%) cho rang can cd giao trinh, tdi lieu ddnh rieng cho hg, chi cd 25% sinh vien cho rang hg cd the sir dyng gido irinh ciia chuang trinh ddo lao chinh qui Ty Ie sinh vien cho rang minh cd the liep can vdi sach, tai Ii|u hgc tap mdi each de dang chiem iren 50%, luy nhien nhdm ed y kien irai chieu cung chiem ty lc khdng nhd cd 125/334 ngudi (khodng 37%) eho rdng khd hoac rat khd cd dugc tai li^u va sach giang vien gidi thieu va Iren 75% sinh vien khdng sir dyng ldi lipu tham khdo d Ihu vi^n ciia Irudng dac thii eiia viec hoc til xa Stich, bdi gidng, tiii lieu hw&ag ddn hoc Igp Qua khdo sdt, tren 90% sinh vicn cho rdng hg cdn va rat can nhung ldi lieu, sach ho trg cho viec hgc Hau nhu tdt cd ngudi tbam gia tra Idi cdu hdi ndy deu cho rang can ed lai li?u bdi giang ctia giang vien de hd trg cho vi^c hgc, chi ed nhdt mgt ngudi tdng sd 335 sinh vien ira ldi cho rang bdi gidng cua gidng vicn la khdng cdn thiit Bang audio, truyin hmh video, phdt Ihanh, Nhiing lai li^u ung dung cdng ngh^ kJ thugt Iruyen Ihdng nhu nhiing bdng ghi tieng (audio), ghl hinh (video) eung dugc da sd sinh vien coi trgng cd din 222/321 ngudi (khodng 69%) trd ldi rang hg cdn nhung (di lieu hd hpe lap dudi nhtrng hinh thuc ndy Trong dd, khoang 50% Irong ldng sd sinh vien dugc khdo sat cho rdng can cd ddi phdt Ihanh ehieu dS ho trg viec hgc chi cd 18.3% cd y kien rdng dai phat chieu it hogc khdng can thiet Muc dp cdn thiet ciia truyin hinh ddi vdi sinh vien h | tir xa dudng nhu thdp han so vdi dai phat chi cd 169/316 ngudi khdng cdn ddi truyin hinh nhung khodng 22% ngudi cho rang it hoac khdng can thiet Mirc dp nghiem luc to chuc thi cir cua cdc bg phgn khdo thi Theo Phgm Minh Vi?t va Trdn Dire Vugng (2009), mgt nhiing yeu id lien quan den chdt lugng giao dye lir xa Id viec kiem tra danh gid hgc vien Ket qua khdo sdt eiia nghien ciru ve miie nghiem tiic Id chiic thi cu, cho thdy 56.59% sinh vien ddnh gid cdng ldc ndy cua nha irudng tdt, 24.25% cho rang khd Sd Iugng sinh vien ddnh gid mirc dg nghiem tuc trgng thi cu kem chi chiem ty le rdt thdp (1.5%) Tuy nhien, sinh vien chua hai ldng nhiiu vdi viec nhgn dugc thdng bao ket qua ihi cd Sd lugng sinh vi6n ghdn xet kit qud thi eii khdng duge thdng bao kjp thdi chiem phan ldn (78.66%), ehi cd khoang % nhdm dieu tra tra Idi hg nhgn dugc ket qud kjp thdi hogc rat kjp thdi Nhirng lgi ich vdyeu cau cua sinh vien di ndng cao chdt lugng hgc tap Lgi ich tham gia chuong irinh ddo tgo tirxa Sg hdi Idng cua sinh vien se lien quan den lgi ich md sinh vien mong mudn Da sd sinh vien (67%) cho rdng vice iheo hge chuang trinh ddo tao tir xa ciia DH Md TPHCM se giiip ndng cao kiin thirc phuc vu cho cdng vi^c, phii hgp vdi nhan djnh trudc ddy cua Le Bao Ldm (2009) NhOng lgi ich kliac va thyc t i hon ciing nhgn dugc sg ddng y cua nhieu siith vien NhOng lgi ich dd bao gdm dgt dugc bdng cap cao han (45,4% tdng sd sinh vien trd ldi), miic luang cao han (31,9%), kha ndng kiem vi?c lam cao hon (24,7%) hay cd thi dugc thdng lien cdng vice (15%) Nghien cdu khoa hgc Su chii trgng nghien ciiu khoa hgc ciia nha trudng ciing dnh hudng den su hdi Idng cua sinh vien (Umbach va Porter 2000) Dd nang cao chdt Iugng hgc tdp, theo y kiin ciia sd ddng sinh vien iheo hge chuang trinh dao tao tir xa (276/330 ngudi), nhd trudng nen phat ddng phong trao nghien ciiu khoa hgc khdi sinh vien ndy Tuy nhien, ty le sinh vien khdng ddng y vdl y kiin ciing chiem ty le khoang 16% Hinh thicc vd sS lan kiim tra, ddnh gid sinh viin Vdi hinh thuc hgc vd dn thi hien chuang irinh tu xa, sinh vien tg tham khao tai lieu ve noi dung mdn hoc, budc k i tiip cd giao vien hudng dan den dn tap trgc tiep vd sau eiing cdc sinh vien se tham gia ky Ihi ket thuc mdn hge, khdng cd ky thi kiem tra giiia ky Ket qua khdo sal cho Ihdy da sd sinh vien dugc hdi (69.51 %) cho rdng nhd trudng khdng ndn td chtic them dgt kiim tra giua ky cho du cd den 100/328 ngudi cho rang ky thi giiia ky Id cdn thiel Dieu cd the ndi, nhin chung sinh vien he dao tgo til xa khd hai long vdi sd k^' thi hicn vd khdng mong mudn cd them ky thi giiia ky Vdi da sd sinh vicn (90%) ung hp vice thi Igi lan 2, de cai ticn viec thi cu, theo y kien ciia nhdm trd !di cdu hdi, hinh thuc thi tu lugn vdi de md Id dugc thich nhdt (53.64%) vi phu hgp vdi ddi tugng sinh vien theo hgc tu xa, tiip den Id thi trdc nghiem (34.1%) Tuy nhien hinh thuc thi tg lugn lgi Igc hgu, khdng phu hgp vdi edng nghe hien dgi, chu truong ciia nhd irudng Id phd bien hda each thirc trdc nghiem vi dua vao kit qua thi CO t h i ddnh gia tdng qudt v i khd ndng cua ngudi hgc (Nguyen Hdng San 2009) Hinh thuc id chiic thi gdc nghi?m ciing phii hgp vdi chu truong vd djnh hudng eua Tnrdng E)H Md irong thdi gian sdp ldi (Le Bdo Ldm, 2009) Hinh thuc lam seminar di kit thiJC mdn hgc khdng duge yeu thich (ehi cd 1.261 ngudi tra ldi thich edch thi eudi ky nay) cd the vi^c mat kha nhieu thdi gian va ddi khdng khd ihi de thu thap thdng lin dir Ii?u cho viec bao cao seminar ^ NTiin chung sinh vien h? ddo tgo lir xa hai long vdi ehuong trinh d cac yeu id: ngi dung chuong trinh dao tgo, tai li^u hudng dan dn tap, kit cdu chuang ginh ddo tgo, ndi dung mdn hgc, sd lugng mdn hge, su tgn tdm nhiet linh gidng dgy vd trinh chuyen mdn cua gidng vien Khd nang tuhgc Ket qua khdo sdt cho thdy kha ndng tu hge ciia sinh vien thap the hien qua sd lugng 121/346 sinh vien (chiem 34.97%) eho rdng hg chi tu tiep thu ngi dung ehi d mue 10-30% Mac dd vdy, sd ngudi cd kha nang tg hpe, khd nang ty tiep thu ngi dung bdi hgc tir 30-50%, ciing chiim ty le gan 34% Sd ngudi duge cho Id tu hgc ed hieu qud (tu liep thu t e n 50%) khodng 21 % Ket qua djnh lugng cung phii hgp vdi ket lugn ctia Nguyen Hong Son (2009), da phdn ngudi hpe lir xa khdng ed thdi quen va phuang phdp ty hgc, khdng cd khd nang trang bi dieu ki^n tu hgc d nhd, hg bi anh hudng nhieu hoan cdnh vira di hgc, di ldm, viia chdm gia dinh Ket qua kiem dinh Kruskal-Wallis cho thdy sy khdc bi?t ve khd nang tu hgc ciia edc nhdm sinh vien cd y nghTa thdng ke vdi mirc dp lin cay rai cao 99% (P= O.OOI) Sinh vien d ngdnh xd hgi hgc cd khd nang lu tham khao sach, tdi lieu va ed kha nang hieu dugc ngi dung hgc tgp nhiiu hon so vdi sinh vien eua cdc nganh hgc khdc Dieu cd thi dugc gidi thich bdi dac trung cua edc nganh chuyen mdn khdc Vi dy, nganh xdy dgng ddi hdi nhiiu thuc hdnh va thi phgm ban nen kha ndng tg hgc ctia sinh vien nganh xdy dung Id thdp nhdt Thm gian sif dtmg Internet cho vt^hgc Da sd sinh vien deu ddng y rang Internet mang Igi nhiiu Igi ich hon so vdi chi phi sir dung Sd sinh vien khdng ddng y vdi y kiin naj; chi chiim ty 1? rat nhd (3%) Tuy nhien kit qud khao sat cho thdy sinh vien h? dao tgo tir xa ehua thuc sy su dung \ 92 TAP CHI KHOA HQC S6 (21) 2011 internet phuc vu cho \iec lg hgc ciia hg Mac du Trudng DH Md TPHCM da ddu lu rdt nhieu cho Irang thiet bi phye vy chuang trinh ddo tao tir xa (Duong Hdng Thdm 2009) 333 ngudi trd Idi cdu hdi ve thdi gian su dung internet de hd trg vi?c hgc thi cd n o ngudi cho rang hg chi su dung 10% thdi gian kel ndi internet dc hgc cdn 90% Ihdi gian cdn Igi Id di Idm vice khdc Sd sinh vien cho rang hg su dung khodng phdn niia thdi gian (ruy cap Inieniel de ho trg viec hgc chiim khoang 35% Ket qud kiem djnh phi tham sd cho thay sinh vien nganh xay dgng il su dyng internet phuc vy cho vice hgc nhdt so vdi hgc vien d cdc ngdnh hgc khac imng binh nhdm hgc vien ndy chi su dung 10-30% thdi gian vdo internet de tra eiru ldi lieu lien quan den mdn hgc hay uao ddi ndi dung qua email Trong dd, sinh vien d nganh ke loan ldi chinh ngan hang su dyng inieniel de hd irg eho viv'c hgc nhieu nhdi irong cdc nhdm Sg khdc biel cd muc dg lin cdy 99% (P = 0.0075) Mtrc dp cdu Ihiel cda viic hgc nhom Nghien ctiu ciia Swan (2001) dd tim mdi lien he giCra mtic dg hai ldng ciia sinh vien hgc tir xa qua mgng (online course) vdi vi^c trao ddi kit ndi giira cdc sinh vien hgc ciing ldp Vai trd cua hgc nhdm dugc nhdn ihire khd ro sinh vien dang theo hge chuong trinh dao tgo tir xa cua D H M d TPHCM Trong 341 ngudi trd ldi cau hdi \ e su can thiet cua viec hge nhdm thi cd han 161 ngudi eho rang viC'c hgc nhdm la rat can ihiet (chiim 47%); tiip den la 95 ngudi (27.86%) eho rdng viec hgc nhdm Id cdn thiet d mtrc trung binh So sinh vien khdng can hgc nhdm chiim rdi il dudi 10% Ket qud cd thi minh ehirng cho nhdn djnh rang ngudi tham gia hgc ehuong trinh ddo tgo tir xa cd co hgi giao luu, trao ddi kien thdc vd chia se kinh nghidm trai nghiem cugc sdng vdi hg cd the ndng cao kien thiic vd hieu qud cdng ldc (Lc Bdo Lam 2009) Phan lieh su dnh hudng cua cdc nhdm sinh vien khac den muc dg hdi ldng ve chat lugng gidng day - chuong trinh ddo tgo tCr xa, ' Su dung md hinh da cdp phdn lich dii li^u so cap, Umbach and Porter (2000) kiem tra sg hai Idng cua sinh vicn d nhiing nganh khde ly 1^' sinh vicn n& dnh hudng ddng ke den su hdi idng ve ehuong ginh dao tgo Nghien ciiu ndy ciing xem xet su khde mtic dg hai Idng ciia sinh vien d cae nhdm khac Nhdm d ddy dugc phan chia theo nganh hgc (Kinh tc lugu ke loan ldi ehinh ngdn hang, qudn tri xdy dyng, xa hgi hgc) gidi tinh (nam nu), thu nhap (tlidp: dudi 1.5 trieu ddng/ thdng, cao: 4-8 tricu'thang) Muc dg hdi Idng ddi vdi dpi ngQ gidng vien Khi xem xet sy khdc biel ve mirc hdi long giira ede nhdm sinh vicn, kiem dinh Krusal-Walis, d mirc tin c^y tren 95%, cho thay: sinh vicn ngdnh kinh t i lugt cd muc dg hai ldng cao nhai vi su t^n lam nhiel tinh (p = 0.0159) trinh chuyen mdn cua giang vien (p - 0.0069) sinh vicn ngdnh ke todn it hdi long nhdt Khi xem xet ve khd nang truyen dgl bai hgc ihi sinh vicn nganh xd hdi hgc hai long nhdi (p = 0.0319), ngugc lai sinh vien ngdnh xay dyng ll hai long Nhdm sinh vicn nam hdi long han nir ve cdc yen id lien quan din dpi ngu giang vicn Tuy nhien xei din niiic ihu nhap thi khdng cd sg khdc bift thdng ke v i mue dd hdi Idng d cac nhdm sinh vien cd muc ihu nhdp khdc Muc dg hdi Idng doi v&i cff s& vgt chdt vd chat lirgng phuc vu ddo tgo Khi xet ve gdch nhiem, nhiv'i linli eua can bg, nhan vicn d eo sd chinh till nlidm sinh vien nganh xay dung hdi ldng ban so vdi nganli kliac (p- 0.0143) vdi mirc y ngliTa a = 0.05 Trong klii xcl ve Ihdi gian Uidng bdo kel qua Ihi cu sinh vien nganli kinh ti lual hai long nhdi so vdi cae nhdm cdn lai (p = 0.0001) DUC Sinh vien d cac nganh hgc khdc nhau, cd miic Ihu nhdp va gidi tinh khac nhung ddnh gia ve gach nhiem cua can bo, nhan vien cua ca sd lidn ket, cdng tdc td chiic Ihi thi cac nhdm sinh vien ndy khdng cd muc dd hdi long khac xet ve y nghia thdng kg Sinh vien nam cd miic dg hai Idng cao hon so vdi ntr sinh vien xet d miic;? nghta a = 0.05: ki hogch dn tap, thi (p = 0.0127), thdng tin dang tdi tren website ciia trudng (p = 0.0308), tai Ii?u tham khdo d thu vien (p = 0.0443), rieng v i thu tyc hanh chinh su khdc biet cd y nghia thong ke rdt Idn (p = 0.0069), thdi gian thdng bdo kit qud thi (p = 0.0046) Mifc dp hdi long ddi v&i npi dung chuang trinh ddo tgo Sinh yien nganh kinh te luat hdi ldng nhat vdi ndi dung chuang trinh ddo lao, trai ngugc vdi sinh vien ngdnh quan tri kinh doanh (p = 0.0007) Nam sinh vien cd khuynh hudng hdi long ban so vdi nir sinh vien d mtic tin cdy 99% (p = 0.0001) Yeu c^u phuffng ti§n hd trff khdc Mac dii theo hgc nhirng chucmg ginh hgc khac ddi hdi khdc ve ky ndng hgc tgp, nhung cd nhdm sinh vien sinh vicn hoc d ngdnh hgc khac iFong mdu khao sat deu khdng ed nhdn dinh khdc hay khdng cd yeu cau khdc ddi vdi sdch, tdi li^u hudng dan dn tap, slide bai giang, bdng tieng va hinh, dai phdt vd chieu, xem xet ve mgt y nghTa thdng ke K ^ T LUAN VA KIEN NGH] Kit qua nghidn cdu cho thdy sinh vien dang theo hgc h^ dao tgo tir xa hdi long vdi ngi dung chuang trinh ddo tgo cung nhu hai long den nhi>ng yeu td lien quan den giang vien Tuy nhien, muc dp hai Idng ciia sinh vien chua cao ddi vdi thdng tin duge cap nhgt tren website cua nhd trudng va thdi gian thdng bdo kit qua thi cu Khi xem xet sg khdc bi^t ve mire dg hai ldng giiia 93 cdc nhdm sinh vien, kiem djnh phi tham sd Krusal-Walis cho thdy sinh vien nganh kinh te - lugt cd muc dd hdi long cao ban sinh vien cac n ^ h khae M^t each tdng quat nam hai ldng hon so vdi nflr sinh vien Sinh vidn ngdnh xd hgi hgc cd kha ndng tu hgc cao nhai nhdm khdo sal, dieu trdi ngugc vdi sinh vien ngdnh xdy dyng cd the ngdnh xdy dung ddi hdi nhiiu thuc hdnh va thi pham han Sinh vien nganh ke loan lai chinh ngdn hdng su dung internet de phuc vg cho vific hgc nhieu nhdt nganh xay dung it cd ho trg tir cdng ngh? thdng tin TAI L | U THAM KHAO Ali, A 2008 "Borderless Education: Breaking Down Barriers Through E-Learning and EffectiveNetworking" The Global Forum on "The Future of Open and Distance Educalion and the Building of Learning City: New Opportunities and Strategies" Shanghai, China 20/10/2008 Arbaugh, J.B., 2001 "How rnstructor Immediacy Behaviors Affect Studenl Satisfaction andLearningin Web-Based Courses", Business Communication Quarterly 2001, 64(4): 42-54 Brown R.E., 2001 "The Process of Communi^Biiil