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e«iTMii(iiiiUKUiy»nf THU S A B A C NGHIEN Cifu KHO KHAN TRONG GIAO TIEP VHII BAN CUA HOC SINH TRUNG HOC COl Sl! Ng6Th i Thanh XiiSn* Tdm tdt; Oe giup hpc sinh trung hpc co sd {HS THCS) cd nhidu thudn[.]
e«iTMii(iiiiUKUiy»nf THU - S A B A C NGHIEN Cifu KHO KHAN TRONG GIAO TIEP VHII BAN CUA HOC SINH TRUNG HOC COl Sl! N g T h i Thanh XiiSn* Tdm tdt; Oe giup hpc sinh trung hpc co sd {HS THCS) cd nhidu thudn lpi trang giao tiep vdi bgn cd dt/pc tinh bgn sang, chung t6i lidn hanh nghidn cdu vd da xac djnh dupe thye trgng nhdng khd khdn giao tiep vdi bgn HS THCS, dnh hudng cua nhdng khd khdn ddn cdc hogt d^ng cudc sdng ciia cdc em nguydn nhdn khien cho cdc em gdp khd khdn giao tidp vdi bgn, Id dd tim cac bipn phdp de gia dinh va nha tnrdng giup cdc em khdc phyc kho khdn trdn Tif khda: Khb khdn, giao tiep, hpc smh lainghpccasd Researching difficulties in communicating with partners of secondary school students Summary: To assist students in junior high school (secondary school students) have many advantages in communication with their partners, we conducted research and identify the status of the difficulties in communicating with fnends at secondary school, the effects of these difficulties their activities in the lives, root reasons make til difficult for them in communication Therefore we can find out solution to help families and schools of children overcome difficulties • Keywords: Difficulty, communication, junior high school students OjJhT V^N D€ Cling vdi hpc tgp giao liep la mpl ho^t dpng chu dgo cua lua tudi hpc sinh tmng hpc co sd Nhung khdng phai luc ndo cac em cung giao liep vdi bgn thugn lpi nhu mong muon bdi vi da cd nhdng yeu to lam cho qua trinh giao tiep cua cac em vdi bgn g§p khd khdn Vipc tim hieu nhthig khd khdn u-ong qua trinh giao tiep vdi bgn ciia hpc sinh tmng hpc co sd la mpl van dc rai ihicl thuc va da thu hiit su quan lam nghien cuu cua cac nhd khoa hpc vd gido dye Tren co sd bicl dupe nhdng khd khdn biet dupe dnh huan^ cua nhung kho khdn tai cac hogt dpng cupc song cua ctic em bidt dupe cac nguyen nhan gay khd khdn giao tiep cua HS TIK S cic nhd jziao di,ic se tim nhung bipn phap de giLip cac em khdc phpe nhung khd khdn dc cae cm cd dupe nhihig tinh bgn dpp, linh t>gn sdng PHU(JNG PHAP NGHIIN ctfu Irong qua trinh nghicn cim chiing tdi su dyng cdc phmmg phdp sau: Phuong phdp phan lich \a ldng hpp tdi liv'u phuong phdp phdng vdn bdng phicu hoi, phucmg phdp quan sat phuang phdp loan hpc thdng kc De lim hieu th\fc tr^g khd khdn giao liep vdi bgn, dnh hudng cua nhOmg khd khdn, nguyen nhan vd bipn phdp khdc phuc giup hpc sinh gdp kho khdn, chung toi ddt cau hoi vd dua nhChig lieu chi khdc ycu cau hpc sinh chpn lieu chi (vdi nhung cau hdi dudi lieu chi) vd chpn ncu chi (vdi nhihig cau hoi trcn lieu chi) va sdp xcp nhihig lieu chi d6 theo muc dp giam dan tir mpt den het Sau chung tdi tinh diem Uoing binh chung (x) cua cdc tieu chi dd (Nhumg lieu chi duoc lua chpn xep thu bgc (TB): 1,2,3 thi dupe dicm tuong ung la: 3.2,1 ,) K^T QUA NGHliN CQU VA BAN LUAN Thy« tr^ng khd khdn giao tJ^p vdn b^n cua HS THCS Nhdnu khd khdn giau Hep vdi bgn cua HS THCS gdm: I: Rat muon chai vdi bgn nhung khdng dupe bgn thua nhgn 2: Yeu men bgn nhung cd linh ngupc 3: Bgn d6 k; ghen ghei vi em dugc co vd nhicu bgn ydu quy Nhu cau giao liep Idn nhung thdi gian giao liep il 5: Kho ldm chu cam xuc cua ban than, de xich mich irong tinh bgn 6: Bau khong l^hi ldp hpc khdng than ihi^, em khdng muon chia sc ciing 7: Thich chai vdi bgn khdc giai ThS W n * i Tim ty ã Gô*D dye Tfudmg OQI hoc TDTT Bdc Nmh BiUBAOKHUHQC tihungtatkhochiasevagiijpddb^ S RatbSn khoan giira trtmg tiiifc va khong bao che khuyet diem cho b?n 9: Kho tim dupe nguoi ban co d i pham chat tihu tnong mudn 10: Rat muon chia se tthung dieu tham kin v t.tt b ^ nhtmg e de ng^i ngiing kho dien dat Bang T h ^ tr^ng kho khin giao tiep vl b^n cCia hpc sinh THCS Nhiing kho khan giao tiep voi b ^ ciia HS THCS i 2.76 l.~4 1.63 I.5i 49 10 2.4 2.66 l.SI 201 241 1.06 1.55 1.5 1.44 1.72 2.77 2.32 1.24 1.51 56 1.5 2.39 2.42 2.33 2.4 10 2.65 2.15 2.62 2.43 2.76 1.64 2.16 1.22 1.65 2.58 2.67 2.47 2.59 2.48 2.71 1.2 1.27 2i 1.22 1.26 ^ 10 s Ket qua phong v4n cho tha> giao tiep voi b?n ciia hgc sinh THCS co kho khSn: "Kho 14m chii cam xiic ciia ban than" la kho khan Itjn nhit ciia cac em ? = 2.58 SIT dl day \i kho khan Ion nhat boi vi ilia tuoi niy co s\r phat trien khong dong dcu \ c cac m$t, dSc biet la he tim m^ch the tich cua tim ling gap doi ma cac mao mgch tSng it hon dan den ttriTng mau di nuoi co the it, cac em hay met moi cau kinh Hon nira "cai toi" cua cic em phit tncn m ^ mi ma ning l^c th^ hicn "cai loi" c6n hfm chi Kho khan thii hai la "Rit muon choi vtii ban nhtmg khong dinjfc ban thira nhan", \" 2.57 Nhirng kho khin dimg thit ba bon nfim li: "Yeu men ban nhtmg ca tinh ngu^rc nhau" "Nhu cau iriaii tiep Ion nhung thcri gian giao liep ii", " B ^ k| ghen ghci vi em dupe co va nhicu bgn yeu quy" Nhiini; kho khin c6 s^r khic giira gicri tinh va khoi lop Kho khin Ion nhat ciia cic em nu li "Vcu rain ban nhtmg c i tinh ngui?c nhau", T =2.66 kho khin 1cm nhat cua cac em nam li Kho lam chii cim xiic ciia bin thin, de xich mich tinh ban" V 76 C) lira tuoi niy cac em nir phit tri jn stim hom cic em nam nen cac qui trinh tam ly ciia c i c em nii phat tricn som hom cic em nam cic em nii the hien "cii toi" som hon va thuy mj hon cic cm nam the hicn "cai toi" mupn hon nhung lai ! 10 Khoi (n=50) \ 2 J 2.79 2.19 2.51 2.29 10 0.69 0.7 lb 1.37 2.18 TB 10 1) mgnh me hon Trong c i c khoi lop khic cac em co sy phat trien tim sinh ly khic vi str doi h6i ciia hogt dpng hpc tgp vi giao licp voi bgn ciing khic nen kh6 khin giao tiep vdi bgn cua HS THCS giira cac khoi lcrp cung khic Thvc tr^ng anh hird'ng ciia nhOng kh6 khan giao tiep vd'i b^n ciia HS THCS Nhirng kho khin giao ticp c6 anh hucrng den cac hogi dpng va tinh bgn ciia ciic em Th^rc trgng anh hucmg d6 the hien bing Qua bing cho thiy: Nhiing kho khin d6 anh huong ItSm nhal den tinh bgn cua hpc sinh, X-2,14 = (2,06 +2.231:2 Hogt dpng hpc tgp li ITnh vi,rc bj anh huong thtt hai voi )r=2,08=(2,ll+2.06):2 Day la so lieu rit phu h(?p thvc tien vi giao liip viii bgn; tinh bgn vi hogt dpng hpc tgp li hai hogi dpng chii dgo ciia Ilia tuoi hpc sinh THCS Anh huomg thir ba ilo li inh huong den cic hogt dpng khic Giiira gidi tinh vi khoi l " y " Chung (n 21101 \ 3.73 3.74 2.77 II 5ti (I'I7 ; 15 ~2 3.80 :.'ii TB S (iuTi Nam (n=l20) TB 3,74 3.78 2.76 O.II 0.12 2.49 1.21 3.86 79 \ tinh Nii ln=80) X TB 3.72 70 2.78 II I.OI 1.82 V 1.81 83 3.74 ir^ Khoi (n=50i X TB 3.45 4.32 3.01 0.50 0.86 2.60 2.09 4J5 200 Khtii Khoi (n=50) X TB 343 3 84 2 K2 4') II.IM 2.59 1.83 3.96 3.01 lap Khoi (n=50) X TB 81 3.57 3.00 0.80 1.00 1.80 1.19 3.90 3,40 Khoi (n=50) X TB 4.23 3.24 2.26 0.91 1.03 1.61 1.00 3.00 3,21 BAI BAO KHOA HOC Bang Nguyen nhan khach quan ciia nht>ng khd khin giao tiip vM t>f n ciia hpc sinh THCS Chung Nguyen nhan (n=200) khich quan \ TB 2.56 2 46 1.37 2.59 1.13 1.71 2.28 Giori tinh Nir Nam (n=120) (n=80) TB X TB X 2.56 2.56 2.35 2.57 1.15 1.59 238 2.6 1.14 1.12 1.16 2.26 2.31 2.25 "Do khong co thoi gian", cac em phai hpc q u i nhieu nen khong c6 thoi gian tam str cimg b ^ chcri cimg b^n nen kh6 hieu t>9n NguNen nhan xep vj tri thir hai l i "Do sif phat tnen dae tnmg ciia lira tudi" Lira tuoi niy cic em khao khat giao tiep vcri ban, muon co nhieu b ^ nhtmg lai khong ehju nhim nhuong, doi hoi ban nhicu phim chit tot dep nhiing bin thin khong tv ren luy?n de dip l^i \ g u \ en nhan thii ba, bon, nim l i : "Moi tnidng -.ong moi trtrong giao tiep han ehe" "Do phucmg ticn giao tiep giin tiep", "Bo mc ngin cam" Giiia gioi tinh v i khoi lop cflng c6 cic nguyen nguyen khic Giira nguyen nhan khich quan v i nguyen nhan chii quan thi nguyen nhan chii quan g i y kho khin nhieu hon nguyen nhan khich quan, nguyen nhin chu quan co \ - 46 nguyen nhan khich quan c6 3t= 2.01 Tim hi4u nhOng bi^n p h i p cua gia tiinh v i n h i triro-ng giup HS THCS k h i c phyc nhirng kh6 khan giao tiep viiri b f n Khi thiy hpc sinh gip kh6 khin irong giao nep voi ban, nhi tnrcmg va cic bic eha m? da CO nhimg bifn phip de giiip cic em khic phyc nhirng kho khan Iren Trong cic bien phip chiing toi dua cic thay co giio va eha m? phy huynh chpn nam bicn phip hint ich nhit v i xep thir nr rir mpt den nam Ket q u i th6ng ke dupe trinh biy bang Qua bang cho thay: Co nam bicn phip dupe n h i ttvong v i bic eha me hpc sinh lira chpn Bien phip thir nhit l i "Neu gutmg v i Kh6i6 (n=50) X TB 2.1 2.49 1.39 1.36 1.17 1.5 Khoi liip Kh6i7 Khoi (n=50) (n=50) X TB X TB 2.26 2.88 2.48 2.46 1.35 1.38 2.52 3J 1.16 1.08 1.62 1.69 2.19 2.29 Kh6i9 (n=50) X TB 2.99 2.43 1.36 3.21 1.13 2.04 2.64 •) phe binh", x=4.6 diem Neu hpc sinh c6 xich mich vtii b ^ , c6 gay hin vtii ban tiiy timg mirc dp m i giio vien se phe binh hay khien trich Neu cac em giao tiep vcri b ^ tot, c6 dtrpc tinh ban dep v i sang thi giio vien lay d6 liim t i m guong de khich le cic em hpc hoi noi Iheo Bien phap thii hai, ba, bon, nim l i "Sinh hojl Itip v i o cuoi tuan", "Thuong xuyen gin gOi quan tam ciing tre", "Phoi hijp vtii cic phg huynh l i phy huynh ciia ban than cm minh de ciing giio dye", " M o i cic chuyen gia tham van tam li ndi chuyen ve cic chii de phii hpp vtii lira luoi" K£'T LUAN Trong giao ti^p vtii b?n hpc sinh THCS gip mpt so kho khan, nam kh6 khin liin nhiit d6 l i : Kho lam chii c i m xuc ctia ban than rit muon choi vtii ban nhung khong dupe ban thira nhin, yeu men ban nhtmg c i tinh ngupc nhau, nhu cau giao tiep Itin nhung thiri gian giao tiip it ban d6 k| ghen ghit vi em dupe co va nhicu ban y6u quy Nhirng kho khin giao tiep anh hucmg d i n cae hoat dpng v i tinh bjn ctia cic em Bj inh hudng Idn nhai d6 l i tinh ban, giao tiep vtii ban gip kho khin cic cm khd cd the c6 dupe tinh ban dep va sang Ben c^nh dd edn inh hutrng den hoal dpng hpc tip, l i m cho cac em khong cd himg thu khdng tap trung vio hpc l i p hpc t i p khdng cd hieu qui C6 nhiiu nguyin nhin giy khd khin giao licp ctia hpc sinh THCS \(ii ban Nguyen nhan chu quan liin nhii dd l i "nhan BMl TM H HUW LUyffl TK I W - s o OAC BIET/2014 ^ «7 Phit triin t6t ky ning I giao tiip s i giup cic em " hpc sinh tvF tin han cu$c s6ng Bing Cic ho^t tifng cOa nhi tn/drng, gia ijinh gliip hpc sinh trung hpc co sd' khic phgc khd khin giao tiep vdri b^n (n=120) C i c hoal dpng Hpp phy hu\ nh hang ki Smh hoat Itip \ ao cudi tuan To ehite cam trai va di dii ngogi Neu guong v i phe binh Lao dpng tap the Thudng xuyen gin giii quan tim ciing ire Trao ddi thdng tin can thict hang thing qua sd lien lac Binh bau hanh kiem cho timg hpc ki Td chirc sinh nhal hing thing cho cie ban Itip Mdi cic chuyen gia tham vin tam li ndi ehuyen ve cac chu de phu hpp vdi lira tudi Phdi hpp vtii cic phy huynh ia phy huynh ciia ban than em minh de eiing giio dye Kiem tra viec sir dyng Intemet v i dien thoai ciia cac c::i thiic ve giao tiep cdn hgn che" "Do vdn sdng, von kinh nghicm cdn hgn che" Ngu\en nhdn khdch quan Idn nhal dd Id: Do cac em khong cd thdi gian vd ddc mmg phdl trien cua lira tuoi Nguyen nhan chu quan gay khd khdn nhieu hon nyu\LII Thanh Binh (1996), "Nghien edu mpt so no nggi lam ly giao ticp cua sinh vien \ di hpc sinh", Lugn dn lien sT khoa hgc, Trudng Dgi hpc su phgm Ha N()i I.X.Cdn (1982) Tdm ly hgc linh hgn cuu tudi Ire Nxb Thanh nien Ha Noi Le \an Hdng (1992) Tdm ly hgc lira tudi Tdm ly hgc sxt phgm, Nxb Su Phgm, Hd Ni*)i Do Thj Hanh Phuc (2001), "Quan h? cua thicu nien vdi bgn", Luun dn tien si Tdm ly hge (Bdi n ^ 13/6/2014 phdn bidri ngdy 28/6/2014 duydt in ngdy 25/11/2014) ... gay khd khdn giao ticp vdi bgn hpc sinh THCS Id: "Nhan thuc ve giao tiep cua hpc sinh THCS thi nguyen nhan Idn nhdl Id Bdng Nguydn nhdn chu quan gdy khd khdn cho giao tiep cua hpc sinh THCS Nguvcn... TB 10 1) mgnh me hon Trong c i c khoi lop khic cac em co sy phat trien tim sinh ly khic vi str doi h6i ciia hogt dpng hpc tgp vi giao licp voi bgn ciing khic nen kh6 khin giao tiep vdi bgn cua... kh6 khan giao tiep viiri b f n Khi thiy hpc sinh gip kh6 khin irong giao nep voi ban, nhi tnrcmg va cic bic eha m? da CO nhimg bifn phip de giiip cic em khic phyc nhirng kho khan Iren Trong cic