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HH tjl i ^f DANH GIA, KIEM TRA, XEP HANG CAC Ctf sol GIAO DUC DAO TAO TAI VIET NAM L* QUYNH ANH Ban Tdng h(?p Tnjng tdm Thdng tin vd DiJ bao klnh te xd hoi quoc gia Building and developing a dynamh an[.]
HH-tjl i- ^f- DANH GIA, KIEM TRA, XEP HANG CAC Ctf sol GIAO DUC - DAO TAO TAI VIET NAM L* QUYNH ANH Ban Tdng h(?p Tnjng tdm Thdng tin vd DiJ bao klnh te - xd hoi quoc gia edn mdng; hoqit ddng tra, k i l m tra, giam s i t chat Idpng cQa Building and developing a dynamh and quality education system which meets society's demands are the roots of human resource devel- cac CO sd cung dng djeh vy giio dye thdi gian vda qua ciia opment This is key determinant the success In socio-economic ddi ngQ giam s i t vign cdn chda deveiopmenf process of each country In order to operate this system higu qui in the most efficient way It Is required to apply criteria and mechanism to assess, check up and rank education service delivering organiza- Viee k i l m soat chat Idpng d i u vao, chdt Idpng qua trinh day v i tions in term of their quality Shidy results show ttiat the mechanism for hpc cOa e i c co sd cung dng djeh assessing, checking qnd ranking such education organizations (espe- vy g i i o due cdng lap v i d i n l i p cially at tertiary level) is still limited chda ddng nhdt H l u nhd khdng c6 CO quan nao g i i m s i t vige eung LJfng v i chdt Idpng djeh vy ma c i c Td khda: giao di^c, danh gid kidm tra xdp X hqng CO sd eung dng djeh vy g i i o dye td i y dyng v i p h i t tridn mdt hg thdng g i i o dye n i n g ddng, ed chat nhin Idpng va d i p dng tdt nhu c l u eOa xa hdi chfnh l i gdc r l cOa sd khong ehju siJc gp tCf ddi ngQ cung cdp ; m d i mat p h i t t r i l n ngudn n h i n lye Day chfnh l i ydu td then chdt quygt tra g i i o dye, mat khac Igi dinh sy t h i n h cdng q u i trinh p h i t trien kinh t d - xa hdi d mdi ddpc t y quydt dinh ehi tidu t u y l n qudc gia D d he thdng van hanh cd higu q u i tdi du thi can cd cO sinh v i d i e m chuan ngn e i e co sd c h d v i c i c tigu chf dd danh g i i , kiem tra, xdp h^ing chdt Idpng ddi vdi d i n l i p thddng c6 chdt Idpng d i u c i c cd sd tham gia cung dng djeh vy g i i o dye Nghidn cdu cho thay, co v i o kgm (phd bidn l i tidp nhan che d i n h g i i , kidm tra, xep hang chdt Idpng c i c co sd g i i o dye (dac sinh vien thi tnJpt d khdi tafdng biet d b i e d^i hoe) d nddc ta edn n h i l u han c h d cdng l i p ) , ehdt Idpng g i i n g dgy Nhihig h^n che, bat c^p vl$c danh gia, Mem tra, xdp hang a QuSkn If nha nddc vd dinh gii, kiem tra, xdp h^ng giio eung khdng ddpc k i l m s o i t , d i n tdi chat Idpng sinh vien tn/dng chat lupng cac cO sd giao due tai Vi$t Nam dtfc cdn tdn tai nhieu van de Hien nay, e P c h d k i l m tra, giam s i t ho^t ddng g i i o dye d Vigt N a m CO quan chO q u i n l i Bd G i i o dye v i D i o t^o thyc hien, theo he thdng p h i n cdp q u i n ly td Tmng uong (Thanh tra Bd G i i o dye v i Dao t^o) xudng dja phdong (Thanh tra Sd G i i o dye va D i o tao) (Lu^t G i i o kdm Trong khdi c i c tnJdng edng lap, m^e d u chdt lypng sinh vign ddpe k i l m s o i t mdt p h i n thdng qua k^ thi t u y l n sinh d i u vio c i ndde, song cung chda c6 Cd c h d kidm s o i t , d i n h g i ^ chdt dye 2005 va Nghi djnh so 85/2006/ND-CP eOa Chfnh phO 18/6/2006 vg td chdc v i boat ddng cCia Thanh tra g i i o due) Thye te cho thi'y, vdi ca ei'u td chdc n h d hign nay, Ipc Idpng tra g i i o dye 44 THONG TIN & DU BAD KINH TE - XA HQI Stf 107 (11.2014) '"WoridBonk (2009) Bdocdonhrti^,.* Itan 2010 C(Sc th5 ch« hlOn aoi uSlJ"^" ^l^t Bar* ' ^ ' - " a N$h World trinh viec chon trddng ma ca c i e doanh nghiep cung khdng hieu rd giing day eung nhd chat Idpng ddpe k h i nang cung dng ngudn n h i n Ide va chat Idpng dao tao cilia ddn dau cua sinh vien mdt c i e h vi de'n dau, hay eung cap ddpe n h i n Idc cd trinh dd v l ITnh vdc gl de chfnh thdng Vige d l , chi'm thi, ke't ndi cung e l u gida g i i n g day v i tuydn dyng lao ddng Idpng CLJa giao trlnh, q u i danh g i i chdt IdOng cae trddng td quyg't dinh, cho ngn tfnh khach b Viec danh gia chi't lugng cua cac ca sd cung dng dich vu giao due cdn kem, chua ddc lip, chUa khich quan N i m 2004, Bd G i i o due v i D i o tao da lap Cyc Khao thf v i quan g i n nhd khdng cd Ddi tdpng cda q u i trinh Kidm d m h chat Iddng giao due, sau dd d i hd trO e i e trddng dai hpe, tra, kidm tra, g i i m s i t c i c cfl sd eao dang hinh t h i n h 77 td chdc chuydn t r i e h v l d i m b i o ehdt Idpng cung dng dieh vu g i i o due chda d eac trddng dai hoe, cao dang Thdng ke cho thay, den da cd ddpc quy dinh d l y du; edn sot e i c 114/163 trddng dai hpe td d i n h g i i chat Idpng, chie'm tren % sd CO quan, ea nhan, to chdc hoat trddng dai hoc ca nddc Q u i trinh td k i l m djnh d i ddoe hinh t h i n h tai dpng linh vdc day nghe c i c trddng dai hpc v i mot hdi ddng qudc gia v l kiem dinh chi't Iddng Khdng nhdng thg, eho dg'n nay, giao due d i ddOc l i p nhd mdt cd che kiem dmh chat Idpng giap cung ehda ed mdt v i n b i n ey the due ddc lap Theo thd'ng kg, k h o i n g 100 trddng dai hpc da thie't lap c i e nio ed quy djnh hay d l cap de'n trung tam kiem djnh chi't Idpng ndi bd, va k h o i n g mdt nQa sd n i y vige tra, kiem tra, g i i m sat da tie'n hanh td d i n h g t i , song dd'n chf cd 20 trddng dai hoc d i vige to chdc va eung dng e i e hoat ddpc danh gia ddc lap, dong giao due va dao tao cd sd Tuy nhien, ban than viec cac cP s6 cung dng djch vy g i i o due lai tham gia cua c i c td chdc x i hdi ddpc trdc tie'p tien h i n h d i n h gia chat Iddng giao due cCia minh ti't yeu nghe nghiep, xa hdi chfnh da dan de'n ke't qua thu dddc khdng khach quan, n i n g ve tfch; tri dd thdng tin thu ddpe cd tin cay khdng cao ho$c c i c don vj, ea n h i n Ben canh dd, nhdng thdng tin mang tfnh chi't can ban ve cd s6 cung dng djeh vu giao due cung c Vide thu thap phan hoi ciia ngudi sd dung dich vu giao due ban chd Hien nay, hg thd'ng g i i o due chii yeu van van hanh theo dang thdc cap de'n ngddi tieu dung dieh vu p h i n phdi la chinh, td dpn vi cung dng dieh vu g i i o due (hay trddng nhd chat Idpng dao tao, so' mdn hpc) tdt ngddi sd dung dich vu (hoc sinh, sinh vien; phu huynh; c i c hoc, trinh dd giao vien, edn doanh nghigp; ) nhieu han chg Ngddi siJ dung Chat Idpng chddng trinh g i i n g day Bd Giao due v i D i o tao chiu dich vu g i i o due hign chda trach nhiem quan ly, khdng cd sd n i n g ddng x i y ddng giao trinh; diipc cung cap d l y dili nhdng thdng tin ve k h i n i n g eung ci'p cung nhd chdt Iddng dich vu giao due cua c i e eo sd cung dng k h i c nhau, dan de'n vige khdng chi ngddi hoc gap khd k h i n ma dien hinh l i vige thu n h i n y kien ddng gdp tii phia ngddi hpe d l xay ddng chddng trinh hpc cho hpp ly la khdng cd d He thdng giio due dai hoc b Vidt Nam chua co tinh canh tranh cao, ydu Tong ket 20 nam thdc hien chili trdOng doi mdi t o i n dign chat Iddng g i i o due va dao tao d Viet Nam cho thay, Viet Nam hign ehda ed hg thd'ng kiem tra, g i i m sat chat Iddng dao tao va md hinh g i i o dye v i d i o ^ Theo Bdo cdo s6 760/BC-BGDDT ve s^l phdt irien cuo h§ thSng gloo dgc E)pi hpc cdc gidi phap dam bdo vd ndng coo chdl luong ddo too " Nguyen Thi lily Loc C2010), Current Policy Measures for Educationol Quality Ivtonagement in Vietnam Accra, Ghana Paper presented In Ihe Atrica-Asia etperience shoring semino in Ghana 'Eflorts towards improving the quality ot eaucafion' vd Pham 06 Nh^t TlSn (2013) Bdi lodn chal iai?ng giao due xSy dUng xa h^i txfc t^p d Vl$t Nam Tqp chf Khoo hqic Gido dye, 98 tao ehuan, cd hieu qua He thdng giao dye dai hoe d Viet Nam hign edn chda ddng bd v i dat chuan, hay ndi ehinh x i e l i chda dat he thdng tieu chuan de tdt c i eung hddng den Cung mdt chuyen n g i n h dao tao nhdng mdi trddng g i i n g day mdt k i l u , "trong danh xudi, ken thdi ngdpc" Dieu n i y khdng chi khig'n cho chat Idpng trddng ciia sinh vidn khdng dong n h i t ma cdn khdng tao ddpc sdc c^nh tranh ve chat Idpng gifla c i c stf 107 [11,2014) THONG TIN & DU BAD KINH TE - XA Hp 45 trddng dai hpc vdi nhau; chd ehda ndi ddn vdi c i e tnidng khu vpe va trdn the gidi p h i p l u i t hign h i n h nao quy dmh Nguyen nhan d i n den tinh trang trgn Nhdng bat e i p viec d i n h g i i , kidm tra, xdp h^ng cae eP sd tra, xdp hang giio viec c i e Cd s6 eung i^ng djeh vy g i i o dye p h i i cdng khai minh g i i o due xuat phat tCf nhieu nguyen n h i n : Thd nhdt, sd ydu kem quan ly' nha nUde vS danh gii, , -,;5n due: hign cung dng dich vy g i a " ^• eung ehda ed mdt v i n b i n kidm due Nguydn nhan d i n tdi Ipc Idpng tra g i i o dye edn "mdng la Cd cau q u i n ly van h i n h nhd hign d i n tdi vige ehi ed the tri mdt Idpng han ehe Ira g i i o due td cap trung dOng xudng dja phdong Q u i trinh tra vl the khdng the t r i n h khdi thidu sot, chda ke tdi viec chi't IdPng eda Idc Idpng tra thap, thidu va ydu ve ky nang Ben canh dd, cdn tdn tgi n h i l u thieu sdt c i c v i n b i n phap 1^ va l u i t dmh, da d i n tdi n h i l u trddng hpp phat hien sai pham ihpe hign eung dng va d i m bao chat Idpng dich vy giao due, song lai chda ed chd t i i d d xijf ly cho phu hpp bach va day d u thdng tin ve k h i nang cung dng c i j n g nhd chat Idpng c i e djeh vy g i i o due va d i o tgo cOa eo sd m i n h , d l ngddi sii dyng d i c h vy ed t h d dda e i c Ida chpn phu hpp Trong bdi einh thdng tin ve djeh vy g i i o dye mO hd nhd vay, thi h i u q u i tat ydu l i ngddi tieu dung djeh vy giao dye se khd dda Ida chpn tdi uU nhat cho sd d i u t d eOa m i n h Hai ti, Lien quan den van de k i l m soit va d i n h g i i chdt Idpng cua c i c td chdc cung dng djch vy giao due: day cd the coi la mot thidu sdt ri't Idn he thdng v i n b i n p h i p quy lien quan chda cd bat kl mot v i n gii ddc ehUa c6 dan vj dinh lip Tinh trgng ddn vj d i m nhin b i n n i o dd cap tdi viec tra, kidm tra, g i i m sat viec td chdc va viec kiem tra, giam s i t chdt Idpng eung dng c i c hoat ddng giao due va dao tao cd sd tham gia cCia e i c td cQa eac cd sd g i i o chdc x i hdi n g h l nghiep, x i hgi chfnh trj hoac c i c don v i , ca nhan c h i n h CO sd dd n h d hign da dye thudc Thidu sdt n i y dan tdi thj trddng giao due td nhan hien dCi dang p h i t cho thi'y nhieu bat c a p , gay t r i m trien ri't mgnh me, song v i n bi bd ngd, khdng ddpc kiem soit ehdt trpng hdn can bgnh tfch v i nghigm trgng hon l i chat Idpng Idpng Ve van de quan he gida g i i o due va dao tao, mac du l i b i n the cCia q u i trinh day va hpe khdng thdng nhi't khdng the t i c h rdi cua q u i trinh phat trien nguon n h i n Ide, dddc kiem s o i t theo dung nghTa, song viee quy djnh ve p h i n chia quan ly chuygn nganh giao due v i day Dieu ddi h d i c i n thiet ed sp nghe eon chdng cheo gida Bd G i i o dye v i Dao tap vdi Bd Lao ddng, tdn tai ci^a mdt dOn vj kiem tra, Thddng binh v i X i hdi cung g i y khdng ft trd ngai eho vide d i n h gia, kiem tra chi't Idpng c i e eo sd eung dng djeh vu giao dye Dien hinh la viec c i c eo quan, c i nhan td chdc eung dng djeh vy dao tao n g h l khdng nam sd nhdng ddi tdpng chiu sd tra, giam s i t cua ddi ngCi tra giao dye (Theo Nghi dmh 42/201 3/ND-CP, e i e hoal ddng day n g h l khong n i m pham vi d i l u chinh cua eac hoat ddng tra giao due) Cudi eCing, lidn quan den vige phd bign thdng tin cOa e i c cO sd 46 THONG TIN & DU BAO KINH TE - XA HQI Srf 107 (11.2014) giim s i t chdt Idpng g i i o dye tdn trddng quyet dinh thdi Idpng, xay dpng d l cddng v i ndi dung g i i n g day; tai dde l i p vdi e i c don vj tham vige de v i cham thi eung c i c trddng thdc hien D i l u n i y d l ly gia eung dng dich vu g i i o dye g i i i cho viec tai cdng mdt chuyen n g i n h dao tao nhdng chdt Idpng Ba li, thidu phin hdi tdxi hdi vi ngddi sd dyng djeh vu giio sinh vign dau tai c i c trddng khac l i khdng gidng nhau, va nhi?ng ky nang ddpc r&n luygn thdi gian hpc cOng khong gidng Vige khdng ed mot he thd'ng chi tigu quy ehuan, d i n h g i i ddng nhi't khdng chi dvc Quy djnh v l viec ngddi hgc ddpc tham gia d i n h gii chdt Idpng g i i n g day eiHa g i i n g vign d i n den nhijfng k h i e biet v l chi't Idpng cQa s i n phdm (ngddi hgc), m i edn khien cho q u i trinh d?y va hgc thie'u tfnh k h i c h quan, d l n i y sinh ti&u cdc v i benh t h i n h tfeh c i c van b i n p h i p l u i t cung Khdng nhiJng v i y , ndi bd chdt Idpng sinh vign d i u giOa e i e khdng n h i l u va thidu d l y dili, chu trddng ndde da khd danh gia va x i e d j n h , ti't ydu se khig'n eho he ygu tap trung d cdp dgi hgc, eao thdng giao due cOa chdng ta khdng cd ddpc sdc canh tranh vdi khu vpe ding , dd, hgc sinh d va qudc tg cdp THCS va THPT gan nhd khdng cd eo hdi dda p h i n hdi Giai phap nang cao chat Idpng danh gia, kidm tra, xep hang cac cd sd giao due t a i Vi^t Nam cOa c i n h i n v l ehdt Idong cua De nang cao chi't IdOng eiia vige d i n h g i i , k i l m tra, xep hang c i c giing vien, eda djeh vy g i i o dye CO sd g i i o dye tai Viet Nam hign nay, e i n thdc hign mdt sd g i i i p h i p m i minh n h i n ddpe sau: Viec thu t h i p