Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
LICH Sif VAN HOA I w II A r A E! « 1 PGS TS TRAN LE BAO Triidng Dai hoc Supham Hd Noi ! rj H, 1 Nhirng tien de ciia hop tac nghien ciiu Viet Nam hoc va Dai Loan hoc 1 1 Khu viie hda va toan eiu hda da[.]
LICH Sif - VAN HOA I w II A r A « E! PGS.TS TRAN LE BAO Triidng Dai hoc Supham Hd Noi :!-.rj H, ';'./ Nhirng tien de ciia hop tac nghien ciiu Viet Nam hoc va Dai Loan hoc 1.1 Khu viie hda va toan eiu dang dien cang manh me banh tinh , da la nh flng cd bdi de nfldc tang cfldng hieu biet ve nhau, tae vdi de eflng phat trien hda tren eae hdp Toan ciu hda la mot qua trinh lam thay ddi ket cau khdng gian toan ciu Nd tao sfl thay ddi ve phfldng thfle sin xuat, ve trao ddi kinh te eung nhfl each thfle trao ddi mdi ve van hda Nhflng phfldng thfle mdi nhd ed cdng nghe thdng tin nen da vfldt qua nhflng rang budc ve khdng gian va thdi gian, xuyen qua moi lanh thd, qud'e gia, lam cho toan bd ddi sdng kinh te xa hoi va van hda cfla nhan loai cd nhieu bien ddi Idn lao Toan eiu hda la mot xu the tat yeu, khdng the dao ngflde Mat khac nd tad sfl le thudc vao ve kinh td, i n h NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC s o l ( 1 ) - hfldng lan ve chinh tri va van hda gifla cae cdng ddng qude gia khu vfle va the gidi, ddng thdi eflng tad nhflng cd hdi de cae cdng ddng ed the md rdng nhan thfle, vfldt khdi pham vi cfldng vfle lanh thd vfldn len tim khu vfle va qude te, thfle hien muc tieu vi sfl phat trien phdn vinh cfla khu vfle va the gidi, vi eudc sdng td't dep ve ea ddi sdng vat chat va tinh t h i n eua cae dan toe Hoa binh, dd'i thoai, hdp tae va phat trien dang trd xu the Idn phin anh ddi hdi chinh dang cua cac qud'e gia, dan toe khu vfle va the gidi, Nhu eiu xay dflng he gia tri eua tflng qudc gia va eua tflng khu vfle, gifl gin va phat huy bin sic dan toe dim bao cho sfl hdi nhap eua mdi qud'e gia khu vfle va the gidi ed hieu qui nhat Khoa hoc va cdng nghe cd nhflng bfldc tien nhiy vot khien cho chat Ifldng eudc 61 IRAN LE BAO sd'ng eua nhan loai mdt thay ddi sau sic Nen kinh te the gidi dang ehuyen d i n sang kinh te tri thfle Cic nflde dang phat trien cd cd hoi thu hep khoing each, ddng thdi eung ed the dflng trfldc nguy cd tut hau xa hdn va bi phu thuoc vao cac nfldc phat trien va "Phat trien ben vflng" dang la muc tieu eua nhieu boat dong Idn tren the gidi UNESCO de Ben canh dd la cae mau thuan eua thdi dai van dang dien khdng kem p h i n gay gat Cie eudc chien tranh cue bd, xung dot sac toe, tdn giio, chay dua vu trang, boat ddng can thiep lat dd, khung bd' cung nhflng dai dieh dang xiy d nhieu ndi vdi tinh chat phfle tap cang tang, ed nguy cd lan tran de dea sfl yen dn cfla banh tinh Trat tfl the gidi mdi dang ed nhieu bien dong khd Ifldng Mdi trfldng sdng dang hi khung hoing nang ne, nguy ed bien ddi hau cflng dang hien hflu de doa eudc sdng eua nhan loai, p h i huy nhieu qui lao dong va efldp di hang van sinh linh Nhflng bien ddi cua the gidi da dat bdn thfl dd'i vdi nhan loai: Mpt Id, hda binh vdi tfl cich la dieu kien tien quyet de giai quyet moi van de khac Hai la nhan loai p h i i dd'i mat vdi sfl gia tang bat binh dang den chdng mat, phan hda giiu va ngheo, van minh va lac hau, dan ehu va bao liie Ba Id, p h i t trien ben vflng va quan 11 lanh manh mdi trfldng eua hanh tinh va cuoi cung Id hieu flng lan tda, cong hudng cac van de ciia hanh 62 tinh vUdt khdi t i m kiem soit cua bien gidi cac qud'c gia Vi vay, trUdc nhflng thach thfle Idn lao va diy cam go tren, ddi hdi eae cdng ddng tren the gidi dd ed Viet Nam va Dai Loan, ein cd nhflng nhan thfle mdi ve tinh toan ciu cua thdi dai, chu dong tham gia hdi nhap khu vfle va qud'c te ben canh dd la gifl gin b i n sac van hda dan toe de eung vi mot nen hda binh dn dinh va p h i t trien ben vflng va sfl hdp tae td't dep cfla cic cong ddng khu vfle 1.2 Viet Nam va Dai Loan deu nim khu vfle Ddng A - "Vflng van hoi ehfl Han" (Han tfl van h o i quyen), da ed ebung nhieu gia tri van hda truyen thd'ng Cae cdng ddng cfl dan Ddng A da sang tao nhieu gia tri van hda Tuy nhien cac gia tri van h da truyen thd'ng Ddng A thfldng the hien d td chflc cdng ddng la: td ehflc gia dinh va lang xa; d van hda tinh t h i n la: Nho giao, Phat giao, ehfl Han eung vai trd, anh hfldng cua nd cong ddng, d cac pham chat thuoc ve tinh each cua ngfldi phfldng Ddng, d nhflng dae diem van hda phd quit, tieu bieu eua Ddng A, v.v * Ndi ve cie gia tri van hda Ddng A eung cd nhieu y kien tfldng ddng di biet, nhien cae nha khoa hoc thfldng nhic den mdt so' pham chat dae trflng tinh each ngfldi d khu vfle nhfl sau: - Mpt I a, ngfldi Ddng A de cao huyet toe, lay gia tri cdng ddng lam gdc, NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 1 ( 1 ) - Giao luu va hgp tac nham thuc day phat trien de eao trach nhiem cfla ca nhan dd'i vdi cong ddng O Ddng A, gia dinb chinh la hat nhan lien ket chat ehe nhflng eon ngfldi mot mai nha va ddng toe Sfl tdn gia dinb, huyet thd'ng va ddng toe la mot nhflng gia tri van hda truyen thd'ng eua cfl dan Ddng A Dieu the hien d tinh t h i n trach nhiem, vai trd gfldng mau eua cha me dd'i vdi eon cii, hanh vi kinh tren nhfldng dfldi, kinh gia yeu tre, sfl hieu thuan cua eon eii dd'i vdi cha me, Idng chung thuy va tinh nghia vd chdng Nhflng quan he dao dflc da ebi phd'i quan niem sdng, trd ddng Iflc sdng, Id'i sdng, gia tri van hda dac hflu cua ngfldi Ddng A ndi chung Cho dfl da xay nhieu bien cd' thang tram lich sfl, thi sfl bao Iflu ben vflng gia dinh ddng toe d Ddng A dd ed Viet Nam va Dai Loan van dflde Cdi la mot gia tri quan cfla mang Ifldi quan he xa hoi phfldng Ddng - Hai Id, eac nfldc Ddng A deu cd chung y thfle tfl cfldng eao Tinh t h i n ed ngudn gdc tfl eau "Thien hanh kien, quan tfl di tfl cfldng bat tflc" que Can cfla Chu Dieh Cau dflde coi la phfldng cham sdng eua ngfldi Ddng A Ngfldi quan tfl phai phan dau khdng met mdi vi y chi tfl cfldng mdi phfl hdp vdi dad trdi manh me Day chinh la mot net tam ly manh cfla cac dan toe Ddng A, quyet tam vfldn len la ddng Iflc thfle diy ngfldi ndi day dam xa than eho dat nflde, eho cong ddng Dieu dflde tham nhuan lau dai lich sfl cic NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC s d 11(111) - 2010 cdng ddng Ddng A va the hien rd ret tinh t h i n eae nha cim quyen d eac nfldc Ddng A Nhd y thfle tfl cfldng cao ma cae nfldc va lanh thd nhfl Nhat Bin, Han Qud'e, Dai Loan, Hdng Kdng, Singapore da bien ho trd rdng hd vao nhflng nam 1970 the ki trfldc - Ba la, tinh t h i n ein eU lao ddng va tiet kiem tieu dflng Do phii vat va ehd'ng lai ke thfl hai chan va bdn chan qua khae nghiet va lau dai mdi cd dfl eai an eai mac, mdi cd cuoc sdng diy dfl, nen cfl dan ndi day khdng the khdng cin cfl lao dong va tiet kiem tieu dflng Ngay ea nhflng nude va lanh thd giau ed nhU Nhat Bin, Han Qud'c, Dai Loan van ludn ed y thfle giao due nhae nhd the he sau biet s dng gian di tie t kiem mac du eudc song hien tai ed k h i gia hdn nhieu - Bon la, tinh hieu hoc, long ham hieu biet, tiep nhan nhanh nhflng tri thfle mdi Dieu ed ngudn gdc tfl Nho giao Hoc thuyet de cao viec tu dfldng hinh nhan each ngfldi quan tfl - chu the xa hoi Ngfldi quan tfl la ngfldi biet tu te tri binh va dat dflde ea Dad (vua tdi, cha con, vd chdng) va Dflc (nhan, Id, nghia, tri, tin) Nho giao ehfl trfldng ngfldi sd'ng cd trach nhiem vdi minh va vdi ddi Muc dieb cfla Nho giao la xay dflng mot chinh quyen tap trung, mot xa hdi tri binh - hoa mue, dn dinh, trat tfl va dfla ngfldi trd ve vdi cai "thien" vd'n la b i n tinh cfla nd Vdi tinh t h i n va b i n than Nho giao 63 TRAN LE BAO ludn de cao giio due, de cao dflc tinh hieu hoe tfl tu dfldng eua mdi ngfldi d cae nfldc Ddng A - Ndm Id, each thfle ehi dao tap trung cd hieu qui, dam bio thd'ng nhat dflde moi hanh ddng cdng ddng, ban che td'i da sfl phan tan, tfl phat va vd td ehflc cung la gia tri eua van hda phfldng Ddng Chinh nhflng dae diem tinh cich chang nhflng la dong Iflc ma edn ed tae dung lam eho eae xa hoi Ddng A tfldng dd'i dn dinh, tao thuan ldi cho sfl tap trung phat trien kinh te va van boa thdi dai mdi , * Ben canh gia tri nhan ban ve tinh each eon ngfldi Ddng A, thi ehfl Han cung la mot nhflng gia tri van hda ndi bat eua Ddng A Vdi tfl each la he thd'ng ehfl viet ghi y, ehfl Han trd mot cdng eu giao tiep dflde phd cap rdng rai khu vfle, tao "Vflng van hoa ehfl Han" (Hin tfl van hda quyen), the hien tinh thong nhat van hoa khdng chi d Trung Hoa ma cdn ca khu vfle Ddng A Tfl xa xfla, ehfl Han da la mot phfldng tien quan trgng bio Iflu, dinh vi cac gii tri van hoa cd, ddng thdi tiep nhan nhflng gia tri van boa khu vfle Gii tri van hoa dflde the hien ehfl Han chang nhflng tao nen b i n sac khu vfle ma edn trd ddng Iflc tinh t h i n giup cho cac nfldc Ddng A cd the hoi nhap manh me thdi dai toan ciu hda Chang the ma van hoa ehfl Hin, dflde eho la "van hoi sieu van hoa" 64 hay "van hoa tri tinh" (tflc van hoa mang tinh tri tue eao) Them nfla eung vdi sfl phat trien kinh te manh me eua nhflng rdng - eon hd chau A nhfl: Nhat Ban, Han Qud'e, Hdng Kdng, Dai Loan va sfl vfldn len cua Trung Hoa dai luc; cdng vdi sfl kien ddi cfla EU d chau Au, da ed nhflng y kien keu goi lap Cong ddng Ddng A Vi the cfla ehfl Han vdi tfl each la van tfl qud'c te vung cung da dflde danh gia lai, dflde khdi phuc va p h i t trien * Mat khac cin thay van hoa Ddng A la mot nen van hoa md, san sang tiep nhan cd chon loc nhflng tinh hoa van hda tfl ben ngoai, nhat la nhflng yeu to' tien bd ve khoa ho c ki th uat hien da i cua phfldng Tay Nhd sfl ket hdp hai hda gifla cae yeu to' van hoi truyen thd'ng vdi ki thuat hien dai phfldng Tay, mdt sd nflde va lanh thd Ddng A nhfl Nhat Bin, Han Qudc, Dai Loan va Trung Qudc da tao nen sfl phat trien vfldt bac Tom lai, tren day la nhflng gia tri van hda truyen thd'ng cd b i n cua khu vfle Ddng A Nhflng gia tri ed vai trd quan trong viee hinh nhan each va td chflc cdng ddng cfla ngfldi Ddng A Nd trd sfle manh tinh than vd cung manh me doc hflu eua cfl dan khu vfle, dd ed Viet Nam va Dai Loan Nhflng gia tri la nen tang tao nen sfl tfldng ddng ve van hda, giflp eho Viet Nam va Dai Loan dd vfldt qua nhflng bat ddng hfldng ve nhflng hieu biet va hdp tac thuan ldi thdi ky hoi nhap van hda NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 11 (111) - 2010 Giao luu va hap tac nham thue day phat trien 1.3 Nghien cflu Viet Nam hoc va nghien eflu Dai Loan hoe xuat phat tfl nhu eiu thfle tien cfla quan he qud'e te va nguyen vong ehinh dang, hdp tae cung phat trien cua e i hai dan tdc va hai qud'c gia, lanh thd nhap van hda sdi ddng, dd quan he giao Iflu gifla ngfldi Viet Nam va ngfldi Dai Ldan la bet sfle quan trgng va dang quan tam bdi sd' Ifldng ngfldi Viet d day da len tdi so' dang ke va muc dich du nhap vao Dai Loan eua hg ehfl yeu la tfl Trong thdi dai mdi, sfl giao Iflu hdp xuat k h i u lao ddng va ket hdn Ngoai tie gifla Viet Nam va Dai Loan nhflng giao Iflu hdp tae td't dep, da cd cang dflde md rdng ei chieu rdng va khdng It nhflng va cham van hda dang chieu sau, da cd nhieu ket q u i k h i quan tiec xiy Nhflng cdng nhan Viet Nam Tuy nhien, cung cdn nhflng chd ban ehe, khdng tuan thu quy dinh phap luat eua chfla tfldng xflng vdi tiem nang cua hai Dai Loan, nhflng mau thuan gifla ehfl va ben Nhieu dnanh nghiep Dai Loan ngfldi giflp viee, nhflng eudc hdn nhan da diu tfl vao Viet Nam, nhieu nha khoa khdng hdp phap dan den gia dinh vd'n la hoc, sinh vien Dai Loan da tdi Viet Nam hat nhan ben vflng gia tri van hda trao ddi va nghien eflu hoe tap d eac truyen thd'ng phfldng Ddng bi bien khoa Viet Nam hoc va cae trfldng dai hdc dang, dd vd, dan den nhflng bat dn Mat khac, qua trinh md cfla, nhieu xa hdi ngfldi Viet Nam da den Dai Loan lam Tat ca nhflng van de phfle tap tren viec, hgc tap va dinh cfl da vfldt khdi t i m mdi ben Nd khdng Tren hdn dio tfldi dep Dai Loan da ed chi ddi bdi eae cap chinh quyen mdi ben khoang 80.000 ngfldi Viet Nam (tinh den quan tam ma edn ein ea cdng ddng hai nam 2006) den day Trong sd dd 60.000 dan tdc phai quan tam, khdng ehi eae ngfldi giflp viec trdng gia dinh, 16.000 dfldng Id'i kinh te, ehinh tri - xa hdi phii lam viee tai eae nha may va 2.000 cdn lai ehfl y , ma dae b iet va n hda cung ein lam eae cdng viec khac Hg chiem nhap eudc Bdi le nhan loai eang khoing 21% sd'cac cdng nhan nfldc thfle nhan rang phat trien kinh te phai ngoai tai hdn dao Ddng thdi, ed di ddi vdi phat trien van hda Phat trien ed khoang 118.300 ngfldi phu nfl Viet Nam van hda mdi la phat trien ben vflng Lien da ket hdn vdi nhflng ngfldi dan dng bin hdp qud'e eung da dfl bao the ki XXI khdng xfl Dai Loan thdng qua cac dieh vu mdi phai la the ky cua phat trien kinh te ma la gidi ket hdn qud'e te ke tfl nam 2005 (So' the ki cua van hda Dieu ddi hdi cac lieu ngudn Bach khoa toan thfl md nha van hda, eac nha khoa hge xa hdi va Wikipedia) nhan van, eae nha Viet Nam hge va Dai Nhfl vay tren hdn dao Dai Loan dang Loan hge ein phii hdp tac diu tfl nghien dien nhflng hinh thfle giao Iflu va hdi cflu nham tim nhflng giai phap tdi flu NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 1 ( 1 ) - 65 TRAN LE BAO de tao sfl hdp t i c p h i t trien ben vflng d ca hai ben, gdp p h i n tieh cflc vao sfl dn dinh khu viic Nhflng ndi dung nghien cflu ve Viet Nam hoc va Dai Loan hoc 2.1 Viet Nam hgc hay Dai Loan hge la khoa hge lien nganh, nghien eflu ve dat nfldc va eon ngfldi Viet Nam eung nhfl lanh thd Dai Loan thdng qua eae ehuyen nganh dia 11, lich sfl, van hda, ngdn ngfl, van hgc nghe thuat n h i m lam sang td nhflng net rieng eua Viet Nam hoac Dai Loan so vdi cae cdng ddng khac Ben canh dd ein tim hieu quan he phi chinh phu cua Viet Nam va Dai Loan khu vfle va qud'e te tfl vi the dia chinh tri, dia van hda cfla mdi ben cflng nhfl xu the hdi nhap, hdp tac cua ei hai ben hfldng tdi sfl phat tr ien phdn vinh thdi dai toan eiu hda 2.2 Dd'i tfldng va muc tieu nghien eflu - Viet Nam hgc hay Dai Loan hgc deu nham nghien cflu nhflng van de lien quan den Viet Nam hay lanh thd Dai Loan Cd the chia nhflng van de cae linh vfle nhfl: Ngdn ngfl; khoa hge nhan van (bao gdm van hda va lich sfl, truyen thd'ng nghe thuat, khao ed hge, nhan ehung hge); khoa hgc xa hdi (dia ly, dan so', eon ngfldi, phu nfl, gia dinh, ehinh tri, triet hge xa hdi, giao due, dd thi hda, ddi sd'ng ndng thdn); kinh te va xa hdi hien dai (y te, giao due, thfldng mai, ke hoach hda, sfl tae ddng qua lai ve sfl phat trien gifla eac vung mien ) Tuy nhien sfl phan chia cac cac van de chi cd tinh chat tfldng dd'i, thfle te 66 ehung cd sfl lien quan gan bd chat che vdi - Pham vi anh hfldng cua nganh Viet Nam hgc va D i i Loan hgc rat Idn khdng cbl vdi nhieu ngfldi Viet Nam hay Dai Loan d mdi ben ma cdn dd'i vdi ca ngfldi Viet hay ngfldi Dai dang dinh cfl d nfldc ngoai, ngoai edn cd nhflng ngfldi nfldc ngoai mudn nghien eflu ve Viet Nam hay Dai Loan 2.3 Phfldng phap nghien cflu Phfldng phip tiep can dd'i vdi cac linh vfle va ddi tfldng nhfl tren eho thay eung rat da dang dd'i vdi tflng nhdm, Chang han dd'i vdi ngfldi ndi tieng Viet, ngfldi Dai ndi tieng me de khie vdi ngfldi ndi tieng Viet tieng Trung nhfl mot ngdn ngfl thfl hai, each tiep can eae van de hien tai hoac vdi van hda ngfldi dia phfldng eung khac so vdi ngfldi khdng phai dan dia phfldng Mat khac nganh Viet Nam bge va Dai Loan hgc phai thfle sfl mang tinh chat lien nganh va ehi ed the dat dflde dieu ed sfl phd'i hdp hai hda gifla eac nganh khoa hgc, gifla nghien cflu nfldc va qud'e te Gia tri rieng cua nganh Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hgc cd dflde, phu thudc vao k h i nang tdng hdp tflng nganh rieng le vao mot lien ket chung Ben canh dd phfldng p h i p tiep can so sanh vdi khu vfle va qud'e te nghien eflu ve mot dat nfldc hay lanh thd la mot phUdng phap hflu hieu de tim nhflng net dac thfl va tfldng ddng vdi cac nfldc khu vfle ma cdn thay dflde nhflng gia tri thu nhan dflde q u i trinh giao Iflu va phat trien ciia qud'c gia, lanh NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 11(111) - 2010 Giao luu va hep tae nham thuc day phat trien J _ /) thd dd Nhflng ket qua so sanh mdi mang lai nhflng gia tri diy du ve he gia tri cfla cdng ddng dan tdc dinh nghien cflu ke de sinh vien va cae nha khda hge quan tam nghien cflu, xem xet, neu nhfl hg quan tam tdi van de Viet hgc va Dai hge Tfl mdt gdc khac eho thay: Nganh Viet Nam hge va Dai Loan hge se bao gdm tfl viec nghien cflu, giang day den trao ddi hge thuat, xuat ban, nhfl mgi linh vfle nghien eflu quan trgng khac ma nhieu qud'c gia lanh thd da va dang thfle hien cdng viec va thu dflde nhieu ldi ich nhd hdp tae qud'c te * Nganh Viet Nam hge va Dai Loan hgc ed t i m quan trgng dd'i vdi ngfldi nfldc ngoai, trfldc bet la nhflng Viet kieu va Dai kieu d nflde ngoai cd nhu eiu tim hieu ve quan he gifla qud'c gia hg sd'ng dd'i vdi dat me cfla hg 2.4 Chflc nang cfla nganh Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan bge * Trfldc het Viet Nam bge va Dai Loan bge cd tim quan trgng hang diu dd'i vdi dat nflde va eon ngfldi ban xfl Viet Nam hay lanh thd Dai Loan - Bdi le sfl hieu biet toan dien ve mdt dat nflde hay lanh thd va ngfldi d dd, ve mdt xa hdi la mdt nhflng nguyen nhan trflc tiep va quan trgng thuc day sfl phat trien cfla dat nfldc, xa hdi dd Dd la nhflng hieu biet ve dia li, van hda, ve cac gia tri lich sfl, ve nhflng the manh va ei nhflng khat vgng cfla qud'e gia lanh thd dd, ke ca sfl ddng nhat cung nhfl di biet - Nhflng tflu nghien eflu ve eae van de chang nhflng cung cap nhflng hieu biet gii tri chung cfla cdng ddng, ma edn dem lai nhflng bieu biet ve sfle manh nhflng thuan ldi eflng nhflng khd khan ke ci nhflng yeu kem cua cdng ddng de ed the hoach dinh nhflng chien Ifldc phat trien ben vflng chd dan tgc va dat nflde - Nhflng kien thfle eflng la mdt hnh vfle, la dd'i tfldng quan trgng dang NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC s o 11 ( 1 ) - - Trfldc bet Viet Nam va Dai Loan nam d vi the dia chinh tri nhay cim, ed mdt lich sfl van hda chiu anh hfldng cfla van hda Han, lai them thdi hien dai, vi the eua Viet Nam va Dai Loan lam eho nhieu nude tren the gidi phai quan tam nghien eUu, li giai nhieu van de ve lich sfl, kinh te, ehinh tri, van hda, ngdn ngfl nham hieu biet va mong mudn hdp tae eflng phat trien treng thdi dai toan eiu hda va hdi nhap khu vfle Vi vay, nhflng van de ve dat nflde eon ngfldi Viet Nam hay lanh thd Dai Loan dflde ngfldi nflde ngdai quan tam va nhflng nghien eflu ve hai cdng ddng cung chiem dflde sfl quan tam cfla cac nha khda bge, eae nha diu tfl nflde ngoai eflng la dieu de hieu - Dae biet mdt phin khdng nhd ngfldi nflde ngoai la ngfldi gdc Viet hoac ngfldi gd'c Dai Loan mang ban sac van hda Viet hay ban sac van hda Dai ludn mong mudn gan bd vdi que hfldng Dd cung la nhflng ngfldi cd mdi quan tam dac biet va cd nhu eiu tim hieu sau hdn ve Viet Nam hoac lanh thd Dai Loan, ludn ed tam niem gan bd vdi que cha dat td, ludn mong 67 TRAN LE BAO mud'n tha thiet bao Iflu gifl gin bin van hda sac dan tgc, trfldc het la ngdn ngfl Viet hay Dai mac dfl sd'ng d khap ndi tren dat khach que ngfldi - Sfl hieu biet chang nhflng giup cho viee tang cfldng hdp tac qud'e te thuan ldi, ma nhflng ngfldi Viet kieu hoac Dai kieu se ddng vai trd quan trgng viec hd trd cho sfl giao Iflu eua Viet Nam bay Dai Loan vdi the gidi ei ve kinh te, tri tue, van hda xa hdi hfldng ve sfl phat trien phdn vinh eiia ca hai dan tdc * Ngdn ngfl gan lien vdi tfl chang nhflng la cdng cu giao tiep quan trgng phan anh ddi sd'ng van hda cae dan tgc, ma cdn la phfldng tien ehuyen tai thdng tin xa hdi gifla eac the he va giao Iflu vdi ben ngoai Nd chang nhflng tao ma van hda rieng eua mdi cdng ddng ma cdn the hien trinh phat trien tren nhieu linh vfle eua mdi cdng ddng dan toe Vi vay, ngdn ngfl la mdt to' khdng the thieu dflde eua van hda, la ehia khda de md kho bau van hoa cua nhan loai Mud'n nam dflde van boa cua mdt qud'c gia, mot khu vfle, khdng the khdng biet den ngdn ngfl cua qud'e gia khu vfle ay Ngdn ngfl dflde xae dinh la viee hgc ngoai ngfl khdng ehi dflng lai d viee hge ngfl am, tfl vflng, ngfl phap ma cdn Idng vao dd ca nhflng ndi dung ve van hda va dat nflde hge, khu vfle hgc * Cung vdi sfl phat trien cfla khu vfle va the gidi, nhflng linh vfle nghien eflu ve Viet Nam hay lanh thd Dai Loan d t i m cad cang trd nen quan trgng dd'i vdi viec giang day va nghien eflu, dac biet la nflde va ea d nflde ngoai Bdi le nhflng van de ve dat nflde va eon ngfldi Viet Nam hay lanh thd Dai Loan tfl qua khfl den hien dai thudc vao qua trinh nhan thfle, vao sfl hdi nhap va nhu eiu quan he hdp tac qud'e te thdng qua dfldng giao due, trao ddi nghien va Trong eac ngdn ngfl Phfldng Ddng, cflu giang day la het sfle quan trgng nhfl tren da ndi, tieng Han va ehfl Han 2.5 Ndi dung nghien eflu eu the chiem mdt vi tri quan trgng Do vay, d Nghien eflu Viet Nam eung nhfl Viet Nam, ngoai tieng Han hien dai dflde nghien cflu Dai Loan bao gdm hai ming giang day d cae trfldng Dai hgc Ngoai nghien eflu Idn: dd la nghien eflu Viet ngfl, khoa Ddng Phfldng hgc, sinh vien ngfl va nghien eflu Dai ngfl vdi tfl each la mdt so trfldng dai hgc thuge nganh khoa ed sd, la phfldng tien de tiep tue di sau hge xa hdi va nhan van, dd cd mot nghien eflu eae linh vfle khie nhfl lich sfl, sd'khoa nhfl: Van hgc, Lich sfl, Ngdn ngfl dia li, dan tgc, van hda, triet li xa hdi, cdn dflde hgc ehfl Han va ehfl Ndm chinh tri kinh te cho den giao due, luat Mat khac, tieng Viet vdi tfl cich la phip, tdn giao, phong tue tap quan vdi mdt ngoai ngfl dd'i vdi ngfldi nfldc ngoai muc tieu la hieu biet ve dat nfldc va mudn tim hieu ve dat nfldc ngUdi ngfldi Viet Nam cflng nhfl lanh thd Dai Viet Nam deu dUde giing day vdi mot Loan nham tang cfldng, hdp tac cflng thdi lUdng kha cao tai khoa Viet Nam 68 NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 11 ( 1 ) - Giao luu va hgp tac nham thuc day phat trien hge, khoa Ngdn ngfl h a y Van boa Viet khdng the khdng nghien eflu Nam eho ngfldi nflde ngoai thd'ng lich sfl va van hda cua hai cdng Them nfla n g h i e n eflu giang day tieng truyen ddng Viet N a m va Dai Loan Viet cung nhfl tieng T r u n g bao gdm * Ngoai r a cac cdng trinh nghien cflu nhieu phfldng p h a p k h a c n h a u , day cho ve kinh te xa hdi hien dai bdi canh nhieu dd'i tfldng k h i e n h a u ehfl yeu la k h u viic va toan e i u cd k h a nang hd trd day tieng Viet hoac tieng T r u n g cho tieh cflc eho viee hoach dinh chien Ifldc ngfldi nflde va ngfldi nfldc ngoai la p h a t trien va t a n g trfldng cfla Viet Nam khdng gid'ng n h a u ve phfldng p h a p Viec va lanh thd Dai Loan nghien eflu g i i n g day tieng Viet hdae tieng T r u n g cflng p h a i d a p flng c i nhflng nhdm muc tieu k h a c n h a u : tieng Viet hoac tieng T r u n g vdi tfl each la tieng me de, vdi tfl each ngdn ngfl thfl hai, hay vdi cae mue dich ehuyen mdn khae n h a u nhfl: ngoai giao, k i n h doanh va thfldng mai, nghien eflu k h o a hgc * Mot nhflng ndi dung quan trgng nghien cflu ve Viet Nam hge va Dai Loan hgc la trao ddi hdp tae giao due va dao tao Ben canh viee nghien eflu g i i n g day va hgc tap nhflng bd mdn lien quan den tri thfle ve dat nude va ngUdi Viet Nam eung nhfl lanh thd Dai Loan, e i n ed sfl trao ddi, hdp tac eua eae * Ben canh viee t r a n g bi kien thfle n h a khoa hgc bai ben, de ed the thd'ng ngdn ngfl, nhflng kien thfle ve dia li, lich nhat, xay dflng cbfldng trinh giang day, sfl, van hda, tdn giao, triet hgc ndi tdm giao trinh, phfldng phap g i i n g day phu lai la khoa hge xa hdi va n h a n van eung hdp va dat hieu q u i eao n h a t qua quan trgng, e i n dflde eung cap eho ngfldi trinh dao tao Ben canh dd la cflng tim hgc, dem lai sfl hieu biet toan dien ve nhflng dfl an nghien eflu ve Viet Nam va dat nfldc va ngfldi Viet Nam eflng lanh nhfl lanh thd Dai Ldan, ke ea nhflng m a t nhiem vu phfle tap va dai lau, vi vay e i n manh va yeu, tieh cflc va tieu cflc cfla tim r a nhflng ed che thicb hdp, nham tao cen ngfldi Viet N a m hoac Dai Loan * Nghien cflu t r u y e n thd'ng vdi nhflng t h a n h tflu p h a t trien va he gia tri ddc dao eua mdi cdng ddng la mdt nhflng n h a n td' ed b a n c h a n g nhflng tim thd Dai Loan Day la nhflng sfl bd trd ve h a n h chinh va nghiep vu d cae e i p de viee hdp tae ed hieu qua nhat Viet hoc va Dai hoc hop tac phat trien dflde nhflng ddng Iflc t i n h t h a n m a n h me Sfl p h a t trien eua Viet N a m hgc va cua mdi cdng ddng d a n tgc ma cdn gdp Dai Loan hgc t r e n binh dien k h u vfle va phan gifl gin va p h a t h u y b i n sac d a n the gidi da den lue ddi hdi phai md rdng tdc n h a m thfle hien nhflng mue tieu q u a n he giao Iflu hdp t i e gifla eae n h a rieng cfla mdi cdng ddng Vi vay nghien Viet N a m hgc va Dai Loan hge vdi nhau, cflu Viet N a m hoc hoac Dai Loan hoe eflng vdi NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 11(111) - 2010 eac td ehflc nfldc ngoai quan 69 TRAN LE BAO tam nghien cflu ve cic van de cfla hai cdng ddng Tren thiic te, quan he hdp tae nghien cflu Viet Nam vdi qud'c te dd cd lanh thd Dai Loan, theo cac dfl in, cd the la tflng chu de hay mang tinh chuyen nganh, da phfldng hay song phfldng da dUdc thUe hien eang ed hieu qua thdng qua sii hdp tie gifla eac td chflc khoa hgc Viet Nam vdi cae td chflc nflde ngoai Nhflng nhu eiu phat trien cung nhfl fldc vgng eua eac nha Viet Nam hgc, mong mud'n sfl giao Iflu va hdp tac vdi eae nha Dai Loan hgc cd chieu sau, ed chat lUdng va trinh td chUe toan dien va thUdng xuyen hdn Ba eudc Hdi thao qud'c te ve Viet Nam hgc nam 1998 tai Ha Ndi, nam 2004 tai phd Hd Chi Minh va nam 2008 tai Ha Ndi Trung tam Khoa hgc Xa hdi & Nhan van Qud'e gia eung Dai hge Qud'e gia Ha Ndi ddng ehu tri td chflc, cd hdn 600 nha khoa hgc tham dfl, dd cd gin 300 nha khoa hgc nfldc ngoai den tfl 26 nfldc va lanh thd Cac nha khoa hgc da dem den eho hdi thio nhieu ket qui nghien eflu mdi nhat, gdp phan nang eao nhan thfle ve Viet Nam Hdi thao da tao dieu kien eho cac nha Viet Nam hgc md rdng giao Iflu va dd'i thoai dem lai sfl hieu biet lan va that chat quan he ddng nghiep Hdi thao lin thfl nhat nam 1998, eae nha khoa hgc da nhat tri kien nghi lap mot Hdi ddng qud'c te ve Viet Nam hgc, dam nhiem vai trd gifl vflng md'i lien he gifla eae nha Viet Nam hge va td chflc Viet Nam hgc tren the gidi, ddng thdi thiet lap kenh thdng tin 70 de trao ddi va cap nhat nhflng tfl lieu va ket q u i nghien eflu Viet Nam, nhflng kinh nghiem nghien eflu va dao tao ve Viet Nam hge, ve giang day va hgc tap tieng Viet De ed the lam cho Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hgc trd mot nganh nghien cflu va dao tao vflng chac va phit trien, cin hfldng tdi mdt ed ehe mang tinh qud'e te n h i m thue day viec day hgc va nghien cflu Viet Nam hge va Dai Loan hgc, theo chung tdi c i n mdt so' giai phap sau: 3.1 Cin lam rd dd'i tfldng nghien cflu, ndi dung nghien eflu eua Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hgc Dieu chang nhflng cin thiet va quan trgng cho nhflng ngfldi nghien eflu ndi chung va nhflng ngfldi hgc nganh Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hgc ndi rieng, cd ldi ehuyen nganh Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hgc, ma cdn bd trd dac dung eho nhieu nganh cdng tac khic nhfl kinh te, chinh tri, van hoa - xa hdi, du lich, bio chi, giao due, ngoai giao, ke hoach d i u tU, nghien eflu khu vfle 3.2 Nganh Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hge cin dflde nghien eflu va phd bien rdng rai tai eac trfldng dai hgc d Viet Nam cung nhfl d lanh thd Dai Loan nhfl la mdt linh vfle nghien eflu ehinh thfle va cd gia tri gin lien vdi cae linh vfle khoa hgc khic Cac nha nghien cflu Viet Nam hge va Dai Loan hge, eac giio vien cua hai nganh hgc nay, khdng nhflng phai thfldng xuyen nghien cflu ma cdn can giao Iflu lien ket trao ddi thdng tin NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 11 ( 1 ) - Giao luu va hgp tac nham thuc day phat trien cae trfldng dai bge, va ngoai nflde, de nang cao trinh hieu biet va cap nhat thdng tin 3.3 Tren cd sd nhflng nhu ciu nghien eflu, nhflng tflu nghien eflu cfla nganh Viet Nam hge va Dai Loan hge, cin td chflc soan thao cbfldng trinh, soan thio giao trinh, tai lieu nghien eflu, dap flng yeu ciu da dang cua ngfldi hge va nghien eflu ve Viet Nam va Dai Loan: cho dfl la ngfldi Viet Nam hay ngfldi Dai Loan chinh thd'ng hay ngfldi nflde ngoai mud'n nghien cflu ve Viet Nam va Dai Loan; cho dfl la sinh vien hge chinh quy hay sinh vien hge tfl xa, tai chflc, hge mdt hai ehuyen de hay hge toan khoa trinh O day eung ein nhan manh nhflng kien thfle ve cie phfldng phap lien nganh, phfldng phap so sanh, bay nhflng phfldng phap ehuyen nganh ed the chuyen tai nhflng qua nghien eflu eua nhflng nganh khoa hgc khac vao khoa hge nghien cflu ve V iet Nam va lanh thd Dai Loan deu dflde quan tam 3.4 Cin ed ehfl trfldng va ke hoach dai ban cung nhfl tflng bfldc xay dflng, dao tao va phat trien ddi ngu cie nha nghien cflu va giang day, quan ly nganh hgc Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hge eho dn dinh, vflng chac va nang ddng; mdt mat cd the phat huy bet ehflc nang nhiem vu cfla b i n than tflng nganh Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hgc, ddng thdi thich flng dflde vdi xu the phat trien va bien ddng manh me cua khu vfle va the gidi De thfle hien dflde dieu nay, trfldc het la cie cd quan nha nfldc, ma trflc tiep NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 1 ( 1 ) - la nganh giio due va dao tao vdi tfl each la cd quan ehfl quan cua hai ben, cin ed sfl chi dao chung ve hdp tae qud'e te Cae trfldng dai hgc, cac vien nghien eflu cfla hai ben ein hdp tac trad ddi cu the ve cbfldng trinh sach giao khoa, quin ly ehuyen mdn, d i u tfl kinh phi, dac biet la thfldng xuyen hdp tac trao ddi thdng tin 3.5 Hdp tac qud'e te la mdt nhflng ldi the quan trgng de phat trien nganh Viet Nam bge va Dai Loan hgc Ben canh dd la ki thuat cdng nghe thdng tin la mdt phfldng tien hien dai giup cho viee phat trien phd bien nhflng y tfldng mdi, nhflng hdp tac hge thuat nhanh chdng va ed chat Ifldng eao Mdt van de eflng het sfle quan trgng la cflng hd trd, hdp tae dao tao cae ehuyen gia ve Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hge, hdp tac qud'e te - Nghien eflu va hge thuat * Hdp tac qud'e te la hfldng cd ban de cie thdng tin, cae sfl kien, cae ket luan, eae y tfldng dflde trad dd'i, so sanh, kiem nghiem qua tri tue mang Ifldi cdng ddng cae hge gia qud'c te - Phfldng tien hdp tac: qua hdi thio, tham luan, tap ehi, bai giing, sach, cae mang dien tfl, kenh thdng tin - Can ed mot trung tam dien tfl toan dien quang ba ve Viet Nam va lanh thd Dai Loan eung cap nhflng thdng tin ein thiet, ndi Iflu gifl hd sd vd gia ve thdng tin qud'e gia, lanh thd nhflng van de hien tai ed gia tri to Idn eho nhflng ngfldi lam viee chinh quyen va cdng ddng; vdi ea eic 71 TRAN LE BAO hgc gia, gdp p h a n q u a n trgng sfl q u a n t a m eiia n h i e u nfldc k h u vfle p h a t trien va t h e gidi, m o n g mud'n tim hieu, hdp tac * "Hdp tac qud'c te ve day va hgc Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan hgc de eung p h i t trien Bai viet eung mong mud'n tim r a md'i q u a n he hdp tac - Van dung cdng nghe thdng tin hd trd td't dep n h i m t h u e day sfl p h i t trien eua cho viec g i i n g day va hgc tap: s i n xuat r a e i h a i n g a n h hge n g h i e n eflu ve Viet cae p h i n mem giao t r i n h dien tfl cho phep N a m va l a n h thd Dai Loan cung cap nhflng tai lieu hgc tap ly t h u va ed chat Ifldng cao, d i p flng n h u c i u nhieu Idai hinh, cap sinh vien va ngoai nfldc Cic qui dinh dich tieng Viet va tieng TAI LIEU THAM KHAO CHINH Trung bang phfldng phap dien tfl se d i n trd nen cd hieu qua - Dflng cdng nghe thdng tin loai bd dflde h a n che ve khdng gian, thdi gian Trao ddi n h a n h c hdng t ieu c a n b a n vdi c dng ddng va tiep n h a n nhflng chien Ifldc day va hgc ed hieu q u i the ky mdi - C i n sfl dung mdt phfldng phap tiep can mang tinh phd'i hdp xay dflng eac md dun rd rang ed the sfl dung vao mgi cbfldng trinh giao due thich hdp - C i n hinb t h a n h mot nhdm dieu phd'i cd nang liie lap ke hoach, xay dflng cung cap tai lieu tren p h a m vi toan c i u bang each sfl dung d i u vao, cac kien thfle chuyen mdn va cac tai lieu eua nhieu ndi Tom lai, nghien eflu Viet hge hay Dai Tran Le Bao (chu bien) : Vdn hoa sinh thdi nhdn vdn Nxb Dai hoc sfl pham 2005 Tran Le Bao : Khu vUc hpc vd nhdp mon Viet Nam hpc, Nxb Giao due 2008 Nhieu tac gia : Lich sd vdn hoa Trung Quoc (Ba tram di muc), Nxb Co tich ThUdng Hai, Nxb Van hda Thdng tin Ha Ndi 1999 Phedericd Mayo: Mpt the gidi mdi Uy ban Qud'c gia UNESCO Viet Nam 1999 Toan c i u hda van hda Tu lieu chuyen de Hge vien Chinh tri Qud'c gia Ho Chi Minh 2000 Tuyen bd ASEM ve Dd'i thoai gifla hgc khdng p h i i x u a t p h a t tfl n h u c i u cac nen van hda va van minh (Hoi nghi A rieng eua mdi ca n h a n , ma p h i i tfl n h u Au lan tbfl V), 2004 c i u k h a c h q u a n ddi hdi nhflng hieu biet ve nhflng sfl kien lien q u a n den dat nflde va ngfldi Viet N a m cflng nhfl Dai Lfldng Duy Thfl (chu bien): Lich sfl van hda phUdng Ddng Nxb Giao due 1996 A.Radugin: TU dien bach khoa Van Loan va thfle sfl hien tfldng Viet N a m hda hge Vu Dinb Phong dich, Vien Nghien h a y Dai Loan ludn ludn la dd'i tfldng cUu Van hgc nghe t h u a t 2002 72 NGHIEN CliU TRUNG QUOC so 1 ( 1 ) - ... nghien cflu ve Viet Nam hoc va Dai Loan hoc 2.1 Viet Nam hgc hay Dai Loan hge la khoa hge lien nganh, nghien eflu ve dat nfldc va eon ngfldi Viet Nam eung nhfl lanh thd Dai Loan thdng qua eae... cfla nganh Viet Nam hgc va Dai Loan bge * Trfldc het Viet Nam bge va Dai Loan bge cd tim quan trgng hang diu dd''i vdi dat nflde va eon ngfldi ban xfl Viet Nam hay lanh thd Dai Loan - Bdi le sfl... Trfldc bet Viet Nam va Dai Loan nam d vi the dia chinh tri nhay cim, ed mdt lich sfl van hda chiu anh hfldng cfla van hda Han, lai them thdi hien dai, vi the eua Viet Nam va Dai Loan lam eho nhieu