NG6N NGC s o 4 2011 VE GiA TRI CUA MOT s 6 BI( N PHAP TU Tir CU PHAP TRONG CAC VAN BAN DQC HIEU d SACH NGlf VAN TRUNG HQC P H 6 T H 6 N G Cic bifn phip m tii ndi chung, bifn phip m tii cii phip ndi ri[.]
NG6N NGC 2011 so VE GiA TRI CUA MOT s BI(:N PHAP TU Tir CU PHAP TRONG CAC VAN BAN DQC HIEU d SACH NGlf VAN TRUNG HQC P H T H N G TS NGUYfeN THI THU AN LirONG THI VUI Cic bifn phip m tii ndi chung, bifn phip m tii cii phip ndi rieng cd y nghia quan frpng gdp phin mang lgi nhQng gii tri tham nti' cho vdn bdn cQng nhu khic hog diu an ridng cua moi tdc gid frong qui trinh sing tdc VI the xem xdt vdn bdn vdn hpc cantimhieu cdc bifn phip tu tu, tiong d6 cd bifn phdp m tu cii phdp Hifn ngdn ngQ hpc cdc nhd nghidn cuu dua nhieu dinh nghia khdc ve bifn phdp m tii Cli phdp Trong bdi ndy chiing tdi theo quan diem ciia Dinh Trpng Lgc xdc dinh: "Bifn phdp tu tu cii phdp Id nhQng cdch phoi hgp su dyng cdc kiiu ciu mgt ngQ cinh rgng (trong chinh thl trdn ciu, frong dogn vdn vd vdn bdn trpn vpn) nhdm dem lgi y nghia bilu cdm vd cim xiic cho nhQng minh dogn cua ldi ndi chiing t^o ndn" [26, 183] Cdn cu vdo tfnh chit cua cdc moi quan hf gifla cdc kiiu ciu vi vio tinh chat ciia cic moi Uen hf gifla cic thinh to ciia nhting kiiu ciu niy, Dinh Tn?ng Lgc chia bifn p h ^ tu tii cii phdp thdnh ba nhdm: - Nhdm cdc bifn phdp chiu sy tdc dpng qua lgi giQa cdc cau tnic cii phdp mpt ngQ cdnh (gom cdc bifn phip; sdng ddi, ddo ddi, ldp ddu, ldp cuoi) - Nhdm cic bifn phip chuyen doi y nghia cua cic ciu tnic cii phip frong ngQ cinh (cdu hdi tu tie) - Nhdm cic bifn phip chuyen doi y nghia cua cic phuang thuc Uen hf (gom cd; tdch biit, liin kit tu tu hpe) [26] Cl bii vilt niy chiing tdi phan tich nhQng gii tri ciia cic bifn phip m tu Cli phip frong cic vdn bdn dpc hilu d sich Ngu vdn trung hpc thdng (THPT), Ban nang cao, Nxb GD, 2006 Cy till Id chiing tdi dd khio sdt 93 vdn bdn thupc hai thl logi vdn xudi vd tho phii Do gidi hgn cua mpt bdi vilt, chiing tdi chpn ba bifn phdp m tii Cli phdp; di^p cU, cdu hdi tu tie vd tdch bi^t de dgi difn cho ba nhdm datiinhbdy d trea Day Id bifn phip m tii cu phip tieu bilu, mang gid tri bieu cim cao vdn bdn nghf thugt ndi chung vd dugc cdc tdc gid su dyng nhilutirongtdc phim cua minh, chfnh vi thl tan so xuat hidn ciia chiing cdc vdn bdn dgc hieu d sdch Ngu vdn THPT Id rat ldn Difp cu Bifn phip tu tii difp cii (cdn dirge gpi Id lip cii phdp, lip kit ciu ngQ phdp) "Id bifn phip tu tu cii phip dya trdn sy cau tgo giong giQa hai hay nhieu ciu, hoic hai hay nhilu bp phin cua ciu" [26, 184] 56 Ngdn ngfl sd nam 2011 Cli gdp phan quan frpng dl vifc trien khai, bilu dgt ngi dung dugc rdnh mgch, khue chiet vd cd sy lien ket chit chd Thl dy: "Tha khdng liru truyin hit & d&i Id vi nhiiu li do: Ddi v&i tha vdn, cd nhdn vi nhu khodi trd, vl nhu gdm vdc; khodi ti-d Id Vf rdt ngon tren d&i, gdm vdc Id mdu rdt d^p tren d&i, phdm ngu&i "Mpt dfnh li cupc sdng cd mi^ng, cd mdt cdng quy ti-png md cUng ddng tinh: Mgt dnh liia md khdng viet bd khinh thu&ng Den chia sd li mgt inh lua lan tda, mgt nhu ydn thg, thi lgi Id sde d^p ngodi dong tiln kmh doanh li mgt dong tien cd sde d^p, Vf ngon ngodi cd vf ngon, sinh lgi " khdng thi dem mdt tdm thu&ng ma xem, mi^ng tdm thu&ng md nim dugc (Theo Qud tdng cua cupc sdng) Chi thi nhdn Id cd thi xem md biit Trong thf dy fren, ngudi vilt di dugc sde d^p, dn md biit duac v/ ngon su dyng bifn phip difp todn bg Hai dy thdi Diy Id U tiiii nhat ldm cho vl ciia ciu lip lgi hoin toin ve ket tho vdn khdng luu truyen hit dtienddi cau ngQ ph^, kit ciu (C -V) d vl tiiu Nu&c ta tir nhd Ly, nhd Trdn nhit dugc lip nguydn vpn d vl thu hai vi giaa hai ve cd sy can xung vdi dvng nu&c din nay, vdn cd tieng Id nu&c vdn hiin, nhitng bgc thi nhdn, ve so tilng (11/11) Thf dy: "Cy Huynh Id mgt ngu&i hgc hdnhtdi tir deu dem s& trucmg cua minh rat rpng, chf khf rat cao, dgo dix rat siu." thd lp l&i ndi, IS nao khong cd ngu&i hay? Nhitng bgc danh nho ldm quan (Ho Chf Mmh) to & tron^ qudn, cdc, hodc vi bgn vi^c thf dy fren ngudi vilt dd sQ khdng rdi thi gi& de bien tgp vien dyng bifn phip difp bg phin lip quan nhm tdn chrc thdp ciing nhitng lgi ciu tnic cua dinh ngQ bo nghla ngu&i phdi lgn dgn ve khoa tnr&ng, d » danh ngQ mgt ngu&i d6 Id: hgc hdnhthi diu khdng di y din Day Id If rdtrpng ehi rdt cao, dgo drc rdt sdu.tiiu hai Iim cho tho vdn khdng luu Ngodi bifn p h ^ difp cii cung tmyen hit d fren ddi dugc chia thdnh: sdng ddi (gom cd Thinh thodng ding cd ngu&i ciing sdng ddi song hdnh vi sdng ddi doi thich tha vdn, nhung lgi nggi vi cdng lip), diep diu cau, difp gifla ciu vd vifc ndng ni, tdi Ivc kem cdi, nen difp cuoi ciu diu ldm dugc nua chimg roi lgi bd I.l E)ifp Cli tgo sy Udn kit, mgch d& Day Id 11 thu ba lim cho tho vin khdng luu tiuyin hit dfrdnddi lgc Sdch v& vi th&i Ly, Trdn phdn Vin bin nghf thu$t ndi chung nhiiu chi thdy edng viic nhd chiia ludn cd nhu ciu khim phi, till hifn Id dugc luu hdnh, nhu thi ddu phdi doi tugng phong phii, nhilu chieu Ket hgp vdi mgt so bifn phip khdc vildn^ tdn simg Nho hpc khdng sdu nhu lift ke, so sdnh, bifn phdp difp sde bdng long tdn simg Phgt hpc, md Bifn phip difp cii cd thl dugc chia tiiinh: difp nguyen vpn (lip Igi hoin tokn cau tiiic ngfl phip) vd difp khdng nguyen vpn (lip Igi md hinh ciu tnic ngfl phip nhung cd the thay doi mgt vdi yeu to ching hgn tiiem/ bdt sotilng,cic tiiinh jiiin phy); hoic difp todn bO (lip ¥ toin bg cii ph^) vi difp bg phgn ( ^ Igi mgt bg phin ciia Cli phdp) Thl dy: Vfe gia trj 57 chi vi nhd chiia khong ngdn cam, cho bat hgnh ciia nhflng nhan vgt chinh nen sdch dugc khdc vdo vdn de truyen mhih sdng t^o ra" [42, 59] mdi lgi d&i sau, cdn nhu tha vdn, neu d thf dy tren cd sy lip lgi ba lan ehua dtrgc l$nh vua, khong ddm khdc kit cau ''khdc + cym DT' frong vdn luu hdnh Diy Id If thii m Iim tinh lugc (khuyet chu ngQ) ba ciu cho tho vdn khdng luu tmyen hit d ti-en ddi." (Hodng Due Luong, L&i Ngudi phe bhih da tii hifn diy du cim xiic cua nhi vin Nguyen Hong tva "Trich diem thi tgp") cam biit - ''dixiic dpng di khdc" Ldi tya Trich diem thi tgp ciia tmdc moi cinh ngg ciia cugc ddi Bifn Hoing E)irc Luong dugc viet dng phdp difp Cli frong tmdng hgp ndy tuyin chgn nhQng sing tic hay tu thdi da khdng dinh dugc tinh die dyng nhd Tran din ddi Ld Diy ciing Ii II ciia nd - nhan mgnh den sy nhgy cdm ddi vd qui tiinh Wnh thdnh ciia vd tim ldng nhin hiu ciia nhi vin cuon sich Hoing EWrc Luong da dua Nguydn Hong - dng cd thl xiic dgng bon If co bin lim cho tho vin tmdc nhflng dilu rit nhd nhdt ddi khdng luu tiuyen hit d tren ddi Bon thudng, tmdc nhflng gi ngudi ta cho 11 dugc tdc gid khing djnh bdng Id "khdng ddng", de sing tgo nghf vifc lip lgi toin bg ciu tnic cii phip thuit Chlnh dieu niy da lim ndn sy ciu vin cuoi bon dgan (Ddy Id li khic bift cot cdch vd vdn phong thie ldm cho tha vdn khong luu truyinciia Nguydn Hong het & tren d&i) vi nhd dd mi ndi dung Neu dogn vdn trdn dugc thay doi bilu dgt trd nen rd ring, cy the, mgch lgc vi cd sy lien kit chit chd Mong Id "Nguyen Hdn^ la ngu&i rdt di muon ciia ngudi vilt ciing vl thl mi xiic dpng, rat di khdc nhdc din dugc chii y, quan tim - moi ngudi cdng cm cdch mgng, dn lgi nhitng ki can cd y thuc luu hinh tho vdn ni^m thdm thiet cua minh v&i bgn be, ddng chi vd ke lgi ndi bat hgnh eua 1.2 EMfp Cli dl t ^frungsy chii y nhitng nhdn vgt ehinh minh sdng Cimg vdi bifn phip m tii khic tgo ra." sd chi don gidn Id Uft kd, ke nhu lien kit tu tQ hgc, bifn phdp difp lgi thl y ciia ngudi vilt lip tiic bi cu gdp phan gin bd cdc cau chuoi dinh mat vi chin dung ciia doi mgng ldi ndi thinh mgt khoi thong nhit, cdc phin inh trd ndn md nh^t, don difu bo phin dugc lip lgi chiia dyng chu vi buon td de chlnh mi ngudi ndi muon thu hiit 1.3 Difp Cli cd tic dyng td dim, sy chii y ciia ngudi dgc vio vide phin nhin mgnh inh doi tugng, dongtiidigtip phan {diin inh sy phong phii be bgn suy Su dyng bifn phdp difp cii, nhit nghl tinh cim ciia ngudi ndi Thl dy: Id sdng ddi cii phdp cdn giiip cho ngi "Nguyen Hdng la ngw&i rat dung bilu dgt titi ndn dgm ndt Thi dy: de xiic dpng, rdt di khdc AJ titng "Dugc tiidi vi cd till till biln tiip xuc v&i Nguyen Hdng deu thay mat thinh cdn, nhd hda thinh ldn, nhu thi Khdc nhic den cdng cm mat thdi vi khdng thl thl mgnh hda cdch mgng Khdc dn Igi nhthig yiu, yen lgi thinh nguy, sv thay kl nifm thim thilt ciia mhih vdi bgn ddi ay chi & khodng tr& bdn bd, dong chi Khdc cd kl lgi noi tay"[i9,\ll 58 Ngdn ngfl sd namj01j_ Trong chiin thuit phdng thu vi qua ning lidn kit cdc yeu to de diu tranh vdi kd thii, chiing ta phdi til tgo lgi buc tranh cua cii dang dien bilt tin dyng thdi co vi ludn ludn Thf dy: cinh giic Biet ngudi bilt tafrdmtrgn »cd tv kiim ehi, khde ki, khep frdmtiidng.Ranh gidl |pQa lon - nhd, ^,„;, ^^^ ^r ^.^ ^ ^ „.„ „ ^ ^ dugc - mat,^mgnh - yeu, yen - nguy ^^ ^^ ^ J^ ^^.^ ^^ ^^„„ ^^ nhieu rat mong manh Mgi tiiu ^ ^ ^ ^^^„^ ^ ^ ^, ^^ ^, ^^ cd the d o i v a n frong g a n g tac T r o n g - LL ' L^ ' • *L ->,; ^ ^ -m.; J i -f ^ ' ' Ui • u • ngirai khae thl mat thgt la nguai Co Thf dy ndy, cau tmc cu phdp cua hai f/ , • , , ^ , "^^ , , vl diu ciu dugc Idp Igi dirdi Wnh tiiuc thau heu ban than, tn then m,nh mat sdng ddi d6i lip dd lim n6i bit s\r '^ ^«" " « ^ ^ ' ^ ^ ^^^^ [^^2,145] khdc bift frdi vyc ciia hai tinh thl Con ngudi Id sy tong hda ciia dirge th&i ed the - mat th&i khdng the nWeu moi quan hf Trong ngudi Nhd viy ngi dung bilu dgt cung cd hai phin: ty nWen vi xi hgi, phan dugc to dgm, nhan mgnh "con" vi phan "ngudi" Bdi ngudi 1.4 Difp Cli tgo im hudng, tilt tiu 1^