i Qflqluht eitu ^rao^ del 86 5 (230) 2011 VAI TRO CUA GIAO DUC PHAP LUAT DOI VQH QUA TRINH HlNH THANH VA PHAT TRI^N NHAN CACH HOC S INH PHi THONG Thdi Trung Qudc cd dai, Manh Tir da chi ra ring, con n[.]
Qflqluht eitu i ^rao^ del 86 (230)-2011 VAI TRO CUA GIAO DUC PHAP LUAT DOI VQH QUA TRINH HlNH THANH VA PHAT TRI^N NHAN CACH HOC SINH PHi THONG • TRAN TH! SAU * T hdi Trung Qudc cd dai, Manh Tir da chi ring, ngudi sinh vd'n tinh thien, dng khing djnh ldng trie an, sir hd then, su cung kinh, tfnh td't ngudi cung cd NhQng ydu td dd la su md diu cua dao ddc td't dep ciia "Nhan, Nghia, Ld, Tri" va la "luong tri", "luong nang" cua ngudi Giao due lam cho chiing phat trien, tuc la thong qua sir tac dpng cua giao due de khdi phuc nhung bin tfnh td't dep dd Quan dfd'm cua Tuan Tir thi cho ring, tinh ngudi vd'n ac, mit thich mau sic, tai thich am thanh, mieng thi'ch mui vj, Idng da thfeh cii lpi, xuong thjt thfeh dupc an nhan, 'vui ve Vi vay, dng rit coi trpng giao due, khing djnh giio due se bie'n ddi tinh tinh, dua vao Id nghia, phep tic, qui pham, tap tuc cua xa hdi de giao hda, cii bidn tinh ac vd'n cd cua ngudi Cung vdi y nghia chii trpng giao due, C.Mac nhin manh: "Con ngudi vdn la sin phim ciia hoan canh va giio due Va dd ngudi da bidn ddi ' Dai hoc Quang Binh la sin phim ciia nhung hoan cinh khac va cua mdt ndn giao due da thay ddi"' Chii tjch Hd Chf Minh khing djnh tim quan trpng hang dau ciia giao due chid'n lupc ngudi, bdi giao due dao tao ndn chit ngudi, ndn nhin tai Trong Nhat ky til, Ngudi vie't: "Hien du phai dau la tinh sin Phin nhidu giao due ma ndn" Cdn Thu giri cho hpc sinh nhan khai trudng diu tidn cua nudc Viet Nam Dan chu Cpng hda, thing 9/1945, Ngudi can dan: "Ngay nay, cac chau dupc cai may hon cha anh li dupc hudng mpt nen giao due cua mpt nudc dpc lap, mpt nen giao due nd se dao tao cac chau nen nhung ngudi cdng dan cd fch cho nudc Viet Nam, mdt ndn giao due lam phat trien hoan toan nang lire sin cd ciia cac chau Dd la mdt nen giao due "vi lpi ich tram nam" ciia dit nudc" Nhu vay, dii tie'p can d gdc dp nao giao due cung ddng vai trd chii dao vide hinh thanh, phat tridn nhan each ngudi Vi tic ddng to ldn dd, giao due phap luat cd vj tri dac bidt quan trpng Theo hpc thuye't Mac-Ldnin, nhan each la td hop thai dp, thudc tinh ridng qui trinh boat ddng ciia ngudi vdi tu nhidn, xa hdi va ban thin, la toin bd nhung ning luc va phim chit xa hdi sinh ly tim ly cua ca nhan tao mdt chinh the ddng vai trd chu thd' tu y thifc, tu danh gia, tu khing djnh, tu didu chinh mpi boat ddng cua minh Nhin each ngudi bdc Id hanh dpng, thong qua quan he ung xu cua ngudi vdi tu nhidn, xa hdi va ban than Ciu triic cua nhan each bao gdm: Hat nhan ciia nhin each dupc gpi la the gidi quan ciia ca nhin (gdm toan bd nhung quan diem, ly luan, ly tudng, nidm tin, djnh hudng gia trj cua ca nhin); cai ben cua nhan each la nang luc, phim chit xa hdi cua ca nhin nhu the chit, nang lire trf tue, trinh dp chuyen mdn, phim chit chfnh trj, phap luat, dao dire, thim my ; cai sau Dan chu & Phap luat i 86 (230)-2011 Qlqklm eitu 'tima del kin, nhay cam nhit cua nhin each la tim hdn ngudi, dd la tang siu ciia nhan each, la the gidi ndi tim cd the thuc diy hay kidm che hanh vi cua ngudi Nhin each dupc hinh va phat trien qua mdt qua trinh liu dai Tuy nhidn, giai doan hpc sinh phd thdng dupc coi la giai doan quan trpng va cd tinh quydt djnh Vai trd tac ddng cua giao due phap luat de'n qua trinh hinh va phat trien nhan each hpc sinh phd thdng the hidn d nhung mat sau: Thie nhdt, giio due phip luat cung cip he thd'ng tri thifc phap luat cho hpc sinh, giiip cac em hieu dupc dieu hay le phai, nhan bidi duoc nhQng chuin muc td't dep ve Idng nhin ai, sir cdng bing, binh dang, dan chu, ldng khoan dung, bidi ydu cii dep, cai chan chinh, biet diu tranh vdi cii xiu va nhung tinh hud'ng cu thd cac em bid't ndn va cin ifng xu nhu thd' nao cho phu hpp vdi phap luat va dao ly lam ngudi Giao due phap luat hudng hpc sinh dd'n vdi cai thien, nang lire tu chii, sir khidm nhudng, tinh thin trach nhidm dd'i vdi ban thin, gia dinh va cdng ddng Su hieu bie't phap luat cdn la co sd de tu duy, de hinh the gidi quan khoa hpc, tu dd hinh phuang phip luan diing din nhin thuc \'a boat ddng thirc tidn cua cie em Ben canh dd, giao due phip luat, thdng qua hoat ddng cu the can thiep, tic ddng de'n cac ye'u td khic nhu gia dinh, mdi trudng, xa hdi Hoat ddng ca nhan nhim tao sir thuin lpi cho qua trinh phat tridn nhin each Thie hai, giao due phap luat td chuc nhidu loai hinh boat dpng giao tie'p bd fch nhim phat huy nhung phim chit vi nang lire ca nhin, xiy dung nhung ddng CO dung din cho eic em tham gia cie quan he xa hpi Khdng nhQng the, giao due phip luat cdn hudng din cac em lira chpn cac hoat ddng phu hop vdi kha nang cua ban thin cung nhu ydu cau cua phap luat, qua dd eic em bid't tu khing djnh minh va vuon tdi sir hoin thien Dac bidt, giao due phap luat ludn coi trpng xay dung cac mdi quan he giao tie'p tich cue giua thiy trd, giua ban be vdi nhau, giua hpc sinh va ngudi ldn, dieu chfnh hanh vi ung xir cua cac em nha trudng, gia dinh va xa hdi phti hop vdi cac chuin mirc phap luat, thuc day sir phat trien nhin each Thie ba, giio due phip luat hudng tdi phat trien nang lire, phim chit hpc sinh Giao due phip luat giiip hpc sinh hidn thuc hda kha nang cua cac em ve trf Dan chu & Phdp luat tue, ning thfeh iing, hda nhap cudc sd'ng, kha nang thd hidn bin sic cua minh, hanh ddng cd miic dich, chii ddng, tich cue, hidu qua va giao tiep td't Qua boat ddng giao due phap luat bdi dudng cho cac em phim chit cua ngudi hpc sinh cdng din chu nhin tuong lai cua dit nudc Dd la phim chit chinh trj vung vang, dao diic sang, tinh thin thupng tdn phap luat, sd'ng cd ly tudng, khat khao vuon len xay dung dit nudc giau manh Thie tu, giao due phap luat giup hpc sinh bid't djnh hudng dung vi trin trpng nhung gia trj cudc sd'ng Gia trj cudc sd'ng khdng chi tao ndn danh du, nhan pham cua hp, ma cdn cd y nghia nhu la soi day niu gitf hp khdng bj qua da hoac lao xud'ng ddc Trong sir bid'n ddng phuc tap ciia xa hdi, su tic ddng manh me cua nhung md'i quan he da phuong, da chieu, sir du nhap cua nhieu ludng van hda ttr bdn ngoai, giao due phap luat giiip hpc sinh nhin nhin diing din nhung gia trj dfch thuc cua cudc sd'ng, hinh quan diem, Id'i sd'ng lanh manh, tfch cue, hidn dai cua ngudi mdi ddng thdi tao "he midn djch" cho cac em trudc sir tan cdng cua nhung nhin td tidu cue ttr xa hdi de phat trien nhin each manh me i Qlgkleti eitu ^mj^ del 86 (230)-2011 Torn lai, nhidm vu ciia giio due la hinh va bdi dudng nhung the he cdng din cd nhan each toin dien Day la mdt qua trinh tac ddng liu dai, phifc tap va thdng qua co che phdi hpp didu chinh cua nhOng ydu td khach quan va ehu quan, dd giao due phap luat la nhan td quan trpng Giao due phip luat thuc chit la giao due ve nhung gia trj cao dep, giao due each xir su vi lpi ich chung ciia cdng ddng xa hdi va Ipi fch mdi ngudi cai chung dd Muc dfch cudi cung cua giao due phap luat trudng phd thdng chinh la mai sang cii tim, gpt giua cii due, ciing cd nhung phim chit td't dep cua ngudi Viet Nam, gdp phin tao ndn nhung ngudi nhin van, ngudi xa hpi luon kbit khao vuon tdi su ^i hoin thien i cue Trong thdi gian qua, vdi nd vuc giao due phap luat nha lire ciia cac cip, cac nganh, cua trudng, gdp phan ning cao nhin cac trudng phd thdng, dac bidt la thuc, trach nhidm cua cac co su cd ging cua dpi ngu nhiing quan, td chuc va mpi cdng din nha giao due phap luat, hoat ve vj tri, vai trd cua phap luat va ddng budc diu da dat dupc cdng tac giao due phip luat nhung ket qua nhit djnh Tuy trudng phd thdng ddi vdi vay, nhung gi ma giio due phap ddi sd'ng xa hdi luat trudng phd thdng dat Hai Id, ddi mdi ndi dung giio dupc cdn rit khidm ton va vin due phap luat eic trudng chua phat huy diy dii vai trd to phd thdng Ydu ciu ddi mdi ndi ldn cua cdng tie ddi vdi qua dung phii phu hpp dac diem va trinh hinh va phat trien nhu ciu lira tudi, phong phu, sinh nhan each hpc sinh phd thong ddng, hudng tdi thuc tidn cudc Su gia tang cua tinh trang bao sd'ng Ndi dung dupc thidt kd' lire hpc dudng, sir lech chuin gdm npi dung phap luat tich hpp nhan thifc va hinh vi cua mdn giio due cdng dan vi mdt bp phan cac em hpc sinh npi dung phap luat tien hanh qua phd thdng cung nhu cua mdt bd boat ddng ngoai khda De boat phan nha giao la mdt minh ddng giao due phap luat chiing rd net Vin dd dat liic trudng phd thong cd hidu qua, la phii tim giai phap nang va'n de cip bach luc la khdng cao hidu qui cong tac giao due chi ddi mdi ndi dung hoat ddng phap luat trudng phd ngoai khda, ma cin ddi mdi ndi thdng, gdp phin thuc hidn muc dung, chuong trinh mon giao due tieu giao due toan didn Theo cdng din theo hudng giam ly chung toi, nhung giai phap bao thuyet, tang cudng giao due ky gdm: nang sd'ng, thdng qua chuin muc Mgt la, nang cao nhan thifc dao due giao due chuin muc va su quan tam ciia cac cap uy phap luat cho hpc sinh Nhan thifc dupe vai trd to Idn cua giao due phap luat trudng phd thdng Dang va Nha nudc ta ludn quan tam dac bidt dd'n hoat ddng Nhieu van ban phap luat da dupc ban hanh, 20/11/2009, Thu tudng Chfnh phu da phd duyet De an "Ning cao chit lupng cdng tac phd bie'n, giao due phap luat nha trudng" tao hinh lang phap ly cho hoat ddng giao due phap luat trudng phd thdng didn thudng xuyen va tfch Ding, cac cip, cac nganh va toan xa hdi ddi vdi cdng tic giao due phap luat trudng phd thdng Nha nudc sdm ban hanh Luat Phd bidn, giao due phap luat tao CO sd phip ly manh, ddng bd, thd'ng nhit cho cdng tic quin ly nha nudc linh Ba la, ddi mdi hinh thifc, phuong phap giao due phap luat cac trudng phd thdng Lira chpn hinh thuc, phuang phap giao due phap luat phu hpp cd tac dung manh me vide ning cao hidu qua giao due phip luat Hinh thuc, phuong phap Ddn chu & Phdp ludt i 86 (230)-2011 giao due phip luat the hidn qua hinh thuc, phuang phap day hpc mdn giao due cdng din va hinh thiic, phuang phap boat ddng ngoai khda Ydu ciu chung la hinh thuc phai phong phu, da dang, di vao chieu siu khdng qua loa, hinh thuc Phuang phap giao due phai xuit phat tu tinh hud'ng (cd that hoac gii djnh) hudng cho hpc sinh phat hidn vin de va giai quyet vin dd Md rdng cac boat ddng ngoai gid Idn ldp tao sin choi bd ich cho hpc sinh, to chuc dpc chuydn, xem tranh anh, xem doan phim tinh hud'ng phip luat vao thdi gian 15 phut diu gid Bon la, xay dung dpi ngQ lam cdng tac giao due phap luat cho hpc sinh cac trudng phd thdng (j trudng phd thdng, die bidt phd thong trung hpc ndn lap Td hoac Trung tim tu vin Tim ly Phap luat Hudng nghiep vdi hai nhidm vu chinh: Thu nhit, xiy dung ke hoach giao due phip luat nam cung vdi giao vidn giao due cdng din td chuc thuc hidn cdng tac giio due phip luat nhi trudng Thu hai, tu vin tim ly, phap luat va hudng nghiep cho cac em hpc sinh Bdn canh dd, dao tao dpi ngu cac nha giao due phap luat, giao vidn giao due cdng din cd trinh dp chuydn mdn phap luat, cd nang luc su ridng cho tre em midn phf Nghidm cam vide bao chf mieu ta cac vu an cu the, giat gan, rung rpn cung nhu nghidm cam vide ban ruou, bia, thud'c la cho Ndm Id, ddi mdi sich giao tre vj nien Ddng thdi, tang khoa giao due cdng din, tai lieu cudng hon ntfa mdi lien he giifa tham khao dim bao thuc hien td't nha trudng, gia dinh va xa hoi ndi dung, chuang trinh giao due Nhi trudng (thdng qua giao vien phap luat trudng phd chu nhidm) thudng xuydn lien thdng Ndi dung kidn thuc the lac vdi gia dinh qua thu didn tir, hidn sich giio due cdng didn thoai hoac trao ddi true tie'p, din bac phd thdng hidn kha dac bidt phat hidn hpc sinh day du, chuyen tai duoc nhung cd nhifng bieu hidn bit thudng, vin de quan trpng nhit ma dd' kjp thdi phit hien va cd bien chuong trinh mdn giao due cdng phap tie ddng phu hpp Ngoai dan qui djnh va tu lieu tham ra, nha trudng cin khen thudng khao sach rit da dang Tuy nhung tim guong td't va xir ly vay, sach dupc bidn soan cdn nghiem minh cac hanh vi vi cung nhic, ndi dung qua trim pham phip luat cua hpc sinh de tupng so vdi trinh dp ngudi hpc, tao cho cie em diem tua ve nang vd ly thuyet, thie'u ndi dung chuan muc hanh vi giao due ky nang sd'ng Do dd, Nang cao hidu qua giao due song song vdi vide doi mdi ndi phap luat de thuc day sir phat dung, chuang trinh mdn giao trien toan dien thd' he tre ciia dai due cdng dan can ddi mdi sach nudc la mong mud'n cua ca cpng giao khoa trd phuang tidn dong Vdi sir quan tim, gdp sifc giao due phap luat cd hidu qua tu mpi phia va su quydt tim ciia Qflgkim eitu '^ftm del pham, cd tim huyet va trach nhidm Nha trudng phai la mdi trudng su pham lanh manh, mdi thiy cd li mdt tim guong sang cho cac em noi theo Sdu la, cac bidn phap tac dpng hd trp Trudc het cin bd sung ngudn kinh phi cho cdng tic giao due phap luat d cac trudng phd thdng Xiy dung co che kiem soit chat che trd chai didn tu true tuyen, kidm soit internet va nhung cua hang ban eic loai van hda phim doi truy, xay dung kdnh truydn hinh danh Dan chu & Phdp luat cac trudng phd thdng, chiing ta tin ring, cdng tic giao due phap luat se cd nhung budc tidn manh me, gdp phin xiy dung cac the he hpc sinh vdi nhin each phat tridn toan didn • Mdc Anghen todn tap trip 20 NXB Chinh tri Qudc gia, Hd Ngi 1992 tr.lO ... nhidn, giai doan hpc sinh phd thdng dupc coi la giai doan quan trpng va cd tinh quydt djnh Vai trd tac ddng cua giao due phap luat de''n qua trinh hinh va phat trien nhan each hpc sinh phd thdng the... diy dii vai trd to phd thdng Ydu ciu ddi mdi ndi ldn cua cdng tie ddi vdi qua dung phii phu hpp dac diem va trinh hinh va phat trien nhu ciu lira tudi, phong phu, sinh nhan each hpc sinh phd... each Thie ba, giio due phip luat hudng tdi phat trien nang lire, phim chit hpc sinh Giao due phip luat giiip hpc sinh hidn thuc hda kha nang cua cac em ve trf Dan chu & Phdp luat tue, ning thfeh