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Li LUAN G I A O DUC DAY HOC GOSiVAlGHAICUACAGTRIIilNGOpOCTHIICHiflilDTflDlOHnHO^^ THUC TRANG VA GIAI PHAP O PHAM TH| THANH HAI* De thyc hien tot quy trinh ddo tqo (DT) theo hpc che tin chi (HTTC), cdc[.]
Li L U A N G I A O D U C - D A Y H O C GOSiVAlGHAICUACAGTRIIilNGOpOCTHIICHiflilDTflDlOHnHO^^ THUC TRANG VA GIAI PHAP O D e thyc hien tot quy trinh ddo tqo (DT) theo hpc che tin chi (HTTC), cdc trudng doi hpc (DH) cdn ddp ung cdc yeu cdu nhu: thay ddi cdeh thuc td chuc qud trinh DT, ddi mdi phuong thuc day hpc, ddi mdi each thue qudn li (QL) sinh vien (SV), ndng cd'p co sd hg tdng vd thu vien de bdo ddm cho SV cd cdc dieu kien hpc tdp phu hpp Qua khdo sdt thyc te vd nghien cuu so lieu cde trudng eung cap, chung tdi thd'y, CO sd vdt ehd't (CSVC), dieu kien gidng dpy vd hpc tap d cdc trudng OH chua ddp ung dupe nhu cdu ngudi hpc Bdi viet trinh bdy thyc trpng vd gidi phdp QL ve CSVC phyc vy cho quy trinh DT theo HTTC d cde trudng DH Thyc trang CSVC phyc vy cho DT theo HTTC d ede trudng DH Theo sd lieu khdo sdt 48 trudng dong thyc hien DT theo HCTC, dien tieh ddt eua 48 trudng DH khodng 17 trieum' phyc vy cho tdng sd khodng 620.000 SV tdp trung, binh qudn dpt , m ^ / l SV Trong sd do, trudng dot tu , 4 - 3 , m V l SV; trudng dot tu tren 50l O O m V l SV; trudng dot tu tren - m V l SV; sd trudng cdn Ipi cd dien tieh dot tren SV duoi 25m2 (mue tdi thieu theo quy dinh tai Quyet djnh so 07/2009/QD-TTg 15/01/2009 eua Thu tudng Chinh phu ve dieu kien vd thu tyc thdnh lap, dinh chi hogt dgng, sdp nhdp, chia, tdch, gidi the trudng DH) Khu gidng dudng hpe tap cua SV hau het tinh trang Ipc hau vd xud'ng cdp nghiem trpng Nhieu trudng DH cdng lap phdi thue ca sa ben ngodi Idm noi hpe tap eho SV hope SV phdi hpc tdng ca thieu gidng dudng Tqi khu vyc Hd N p i , binh qudn dien tich dd't/ SV eua cdc truang DH ehi c6 13mVSV, tpi TP Hd Chi Minh Id l O m ' / S V Cd hoi thdnh p h d ndy cd khodng 30-40% so trudng cd binh quan dien tieh ddt duoi m ' / S V Mot sd trudng tinh # PHAM TH| THANH HAI* trang rat ehdt chdi, nhu DH Xdy dung ehi co 0,84mVSV Dien tich xdy dyng eua 48 trudng DH ndy khodng2,5 trieu m^, binh quan dqt 4,1 I m V l SV; so dd chi c6 trudng dot tu xdp xi 9,017,36mVSV, ddp ung cdc chi sd dupc quy dinh tpi Quyet d|nh sd 07/2009/QD-TTg Quyet djnh sd 07/2009/QD-TTg neu rd «Dfen tich nhd dd xdy dyng dua vdo su dyng dgt binh qudn tdi ihieu Id 9rr?/SV, dd dien tich dung cho vlec hoc tap dgt tdi thieu la 6rr?/SV, dien tich nhd a va sinh hogt cua SV dgt tdi thieu Id 3m^/SV; cd dO phdng Idm viec cho gidng vien, cdn bg cua trudng vdi dien tich tdi thieu Id Srn^/ngudi" (1) Trong so gan 6.0CK) phdng thi nghiem cuo cdc trudng DH, CD, chi cd 22,5% phdng thi nghiem co thiet bj tdt, 19% phdng thi nghiem cd thiet bj hien dpi, ehu yeu thupc cdc trudng DH ddu ngdnh Nhieu phdng thi nghiem, xucmg thyc hdnh cua cdc trudng hien mai ddp ung dupc khodng 40% nhu cau hpc tqp cua SV Cdc trudng DH deu cd y kien rang tinh trqng thiet bi thi nghiem, thyc hdnh cua ho deu «rd't thieu vd rdt yeu" DT theo HTTC yeu edu cdc trudng DH phdi dap ung dupe ede dieu kien du ve CSVC Ngodi ddp ung cde yeu edu ve gidng dudng vd phdng thi nghiem - xudng thyc hdnh, thu vien eung Id mot nhijng yeu edu uu tien ddu tu Tuy nhien, sd 172 thu vien truyen thdng eua gdn 200 trudng DH, CD, chi cd gan 39% sd truang dupe khdo sdt cd thu vien d p dyng cdc tieu ehudn thu vien hien c6 eua Viet Nam hope the gioi Chi eo hem 39% thu vien dien tu song hdu het chua ddp ung dupc nhu cdu su dung Nhijng thu vien dien tu ndy c6 sd lupng may tinh thd'p, ti le trung binh 175 SV/1 mdy tinh Dieu ndy dnh hudng rd't Ion den dieu kien hpc tap cuo SV bdi cdnh DT * Tnrongfiaiiioc Vinii Tap chi Giao due so (ki a • 1/201 a) theo HTTC SV cdn dupe su dyng mdy tinh nhu mot eong ey tra cuu, ho trp ddc lye cho hopt ddng hpe tdp trudng DH Tuong ty nhu vdy, sd lupng ddu sdeh cung thdp, ehung lopi chua phong phu, it cap nhdt, chua ddp ung dO theo yeu cdu cua SV Ngudn tdi lieu ngheo ndn chinh Id mdt nhijng nguyen nhan khien ti le gidng vien, SV nghien cuu khoa hpe d mue thd'p M o t sd' g i d i p h d p QL CSVC nhdm d d m b d o dieu kien thyc hien DT theo HTTC E>du tu mpnh vd khoi thae triet de CSVC cho hopt dong dpy hpc vd QL DT dupc coi Id gidi phap uu tien DT theo HTTC Vi vdy, de ddm bdo dieu kien cdn thiet cho hopt ddng hpc tqp eua SV DT theo tin ehi, cdn thuc hien ddng bp ede gidi phdp sou: a) QL ede dieu kien ddm bdo cho hogt dgng hgc tap cua SV DT HTTC thdng qua ddm bdo co sd bg tdng cdng nghe thdng tin thdng sudt Dqc diem cua HTTC Id tdn trpng nguai hpe, xem ngudi hpc Id trung tdm cua qud trinh dqy hpc SV chu ddng mpi lue, mpi noi ddng ki Ijch hpc, lua chpn gidng vien, thdi gian thich hpp cho tung mdn hpc ddng thai thudng xuyen tro cuu thdng tin DT lien quan den hopt dong hpe tap eua minh thdng qua ede ung dyng cdng nghe thong tin vd truyen thdng (ICT) Hpe tdp theo HTTC yeu edu SV cd nhieu thdi gion hoe tap ngodi g i d len lap, mdi trudng ICT eho phep SV cd du thdng tin de ehudn bj tdi lieu, ehu ddng ty hpc tdp nghien cuu chiem tfnh tri thue Khdc vai phucmg thuc QL DT theo nien che, phucmg thuc DT theo HTTC yeu cdu cdng tdc QL DT x u li khdi lupng cdng viec rd't Ion, khdng the thyc hien mot cdeh thu cdng Do vdy, ddi hdi cd mdt sdn phdm CNTT ho trp eong tdc QL, he thdng phdn mem ed chuc ndng phu hop ho trp cho eong tdc QL DT theo tin chi Dd'i vdi cdc trudng DH dong thyc hien DT theo HTTC, ICT Id he thdng ede phuong phdp khoa hoc, phuong tien, eong cy, bao gdm mdy tinh, mpng truyen thdng vd he thd'ng cde kho d i j lieu nhdm tdchuc, luu tru, truyen ddn vd khai thde, su dyng cd hieu qud cde ngudn thdng tin mpi khdu eua qud trinh DT vd QL DT De QL cde dieu kien ddm bdo eho hopt dong hpc tap cua SV DT HTTC, hp tdng ICT Id mdt nhung dieu kien rdt cdn thiet Nhd truang cdn cd chien luoc uu tien ddu tu ndy vdi ngudn kinh phi phu hpp, dpi ngu qudn tn mpng gidi, cde phdn mem ung dyng phdi nhanh, mqnh vd tiSn ich Ddu tu eho mdi trudng ICT voi he thdng thdng tin QL, ede phdn mem chuyen d y n g , ede co sd hpc lieu, mdy ehu, mdy tinh, mqng ddng bd b) QL cdc dieu kien ddm bdo cho hogt ddng hgc tap eua SV tren Idp, gidng dudng thdng qua viee ddm bdo dien tich su dyng hgc tap cOa SV td'i thieu dgt ehudn So vdi DT theo nien ehe, DT theo HTTC cdn nhieu khdng gian vd diSn tich xay dyng cho hoqt ddng hpe tdp hem, cde hinh thue to chuc hpc tdp theo lop nhd, nhdm thdo lupn, phdng chd cho SV giiJa ede Idp hpc phdn, phong dpc, noi de thyc hien cdc bdi tap, ehudn bj ede chuyen de, vdn phdng de ede gidng vien, ed vdn hpe tqp Idm viee vdi SV, cdc dich vy SV De trien khoi DT theo HTTC, ede trudng DH can no lye hon nCra viec phdt trien quy ddt, xdy dyng CSVC nhu tdng ti le dien tich Idp hpc, gidng dudng, thu vien, phdng dpc Cdc trudng DH cdn tranh thij sy ung hp cua dia phuong ve viec bd sung quy ddt, md rdng dia gidi trudng Theo Sd Quy hopch kien true Hd Npi, So da xay dyng de dn di ddi cde truang DH, CD ve cdc khu thj ve tinh nhu Gia Ldm (khodng 250 ha, DT khdi Ndng nghiep, K7 thudt vd Cong nghe), Sdc Son (khodng 600 ha, DT khdi KT thudt, Cdng nghe thdng tin) Son Tdy (khodng 300 ha, DT ngdnh Vdn hda xd hoi, Su phqm, Du Ijch, ket hpp vdi he thd'ng truong quan dpi hien ed), Hda Lpe (khodng 1.200 ha, ehu yeu danh eho DHQG Hd Npi DT ngdnh Khoa hpe eo bdn, Cdng nghe, KT thudt, Y Dupe vd ede nghien cuu chuyen sdu) Ddm bdo cdc dieu kien lien quan den du dien Kch su dyng eho hopt ddng hpc tdp cua SV Id viec Idm quan trpng Id mot nhiJng yeu to thyc hien chuyen ddi DT sang HTTC mdt cdeh thdnh cdng c) QL cdc dieu kien ddm bdo CSVC, trang thidt bi dgy hgc theo budng vng dyng cdng nghe thdng tin dgy hgc; ddm bdo du thiet bj thi nghiem, thuc bdnb tren Id'p ebo SV: • Ddi moi PPDH phu hop voi quy trinh DT mai ludn ludn dupc cdc trudng DH ehu trpng quan tdm hdng ddu Thyc te d mot sd cdc trudng DH thye hien DT theo HTTC eho thd'y, ddi mdi phucmg phdp dpy hpc cd dnh hudng lan den ehdt lupng d p y vd hpe Viee chuyen sang DT theo HTTC ddi hdi cd sy riioy ddi todn dien cdng tde QL vdDT, ddng thdi Idm thay ddi mqnh me ve phuong phdp dqy cua gidng vien vd phuong phdp hpe eua SV theo huong tich eye De ddm bdo cde dieu kien cho viSc doi mdi phuong phap day Tap chi Giao due s6 (ki - i/aoia) # hpe quy trinh DT mdi, nhd trudng cdn hieu rd ddc diem vd cdc yeu cdu cua HTTC, c6 ke hopch ddu tu cho cdc phuong tien dqy hoe, trien khai rdng rdi cdc ung dyng ICT cho hopt dong dqy hpc theo hudng tich eye hda Cdc phdng hpe cd du phuong tien kT thudt, phong hpc chuc ndng, ede phdng dupc trang bj mdy chieu, mdy tinh Id cdc yeu cdu cdn thiet cho ddi mdi phucmg phdp; - Cdc trudng DH cdn phdi ddm bdo cde dieu kien ve thiet bj thi nghiem, ede bdi thyc hdnh ede phdng thi nghiem De SV chu dong qua trinh hpe tdp nhdm phdt trien ndng lye ed nhdn ve hpe tap vd nghien cuu, cdc trudng DH edn too mpi dieu kien eho he thdng phong thi nghiem dupe khai thde cd hieu qud vd su dyng thdi gian hpp li Cdc khoa ehuyen mdn cdn c6 ijch thyc hdnh thi nghiem cy the, thdng bdo cdng khai rdng rdi cho SV dupe biet vd ddng ki Cdc vdt tu tieu hao vd hda ehd't thi nghiem edn dupe eung cap ddy du, kjp thdi Ngodi ro, trudng edn ddm bdo sd lupng du gido vien hudng ddn thyc hdnh vd cdn bd kT thudt cho cdc phdng thi nghiem de hd trp SV thyc hdnh thi nghiem Dd'i vdi SV cdc khdi ngdnh kinh te, vdn hda, xd hpi, nhd truang chu ddng tpo ede CO hdi de cho cdc nhdm SV dupc tiep xuc vdi ea sd thyc hdnh, thyc tdp Thdng quo cde hopt ddng ndy, SV tung budc hinh thdnh cdc k7 ndng cdn thiet eho nghe nghiep tuong lai d) QL cdc dieu kien ddm bdo ebo boat dgng hgc tap ngodi gid len Idp thdng qua ddm bdo su dung cdc tien ich eua thu vien, tiep can ngudn tdi lieu ddy du, da dgng Thyc hien DT theo HTTC, SV ed 2-3 gia ehudn bj tdi lieu cho mot g i d len lap, De ehudn bj cho npi dung cde bdi gidng theo yeu edu eua de cuong bdi gidng, SV thyc hien cdc hopt ddng ty hpc d thu vien, d gidng dudng dd'i vai thdo ludn nhdm nhd Nhdm thdo mdn dieu kien ndy ddi hdi thu vien phdi du ehd ngdi cho SV Bd GD-DT dd cd nhCJng djnh hudng uu tien dau tu cho xdy dyng he thd'ng thu vien cdc trudng DH Theo d d , cdc trudng cdn ehu ddng viec xdy dung chien lupc phdt trien nhd truang ddnh uu tien md rdng vd ndng cd'p he thd'ng thuvien dien tu, tdng dien tich su dyng cua thu vien Cde trudng cdn tich eye tim ede ngudn ddu tu cho gido dye, ey the Id cdc dau tu ve cde thu vien dien tu Trong nhijng ndm qua, mot so trudng DH dd Idm tdt viec ndy nhu: DH Con Tho, DH Hue, DH Thdi Nguyen, DH Dd N a n g Cde thu vien dien tu ndy ddng vai trd quan trpng dd'i vdi hoqt ddng hpc tdp cua SV, SV cd mdi trudng hpe tap tdt hon, co co hoi tiep edn vdi nguon tdi lieu phong phu Thu vien vd cde phdng hpc, gidng dudng nen eo internet de SV vd giang vien ed the truy cdp thong tin mpi luc, mpi noi ddp ung yeu cdu cua hoqt ddng d q y v d hpc Hdng ndm, thuvien phdi Idp ke hoqch rd sodt sdch bdo tqp chi cdc loqi de QL sd lupng, ehd't lupng cdc ddu sdch, tien hdnh bd sung sd lupng eon thieu Nhd truang cdn ed ke hoqch kinh phi b d sung thudng xuyen sdch gido khoa, tdi lieu tham khdo, ede dn phdm mdi xud't ban, Thu vien can thiet lap vd tri mdi lien he chat che VOI cdc nhd xud't bdn, ede don vj phdt hdnh sdch nuoc, qudc te de cap nhdt danh myc sdch mdi, kjp thdi muo mai ddm bdo SV dupc tiep edn vai tri thue mai Cde eo sd d i j lieu, sdch bdo tpp chi trye tuyen thupe ede chuyen ngdnh phyc vy DT vd nghien cuu edn dupe muo vd c6 cdp quyen su dyng den tdt cd SV, edn bp trudng De thyc hien tdt quy trinh DT theo HTTC, cdc trudng DH edn xdy dyng lo trinh hpp li, dong bd N g o d i viee ddi mai npi dung, chuong trinh, phuong phdp dqy - hpe, edn chu trpng ddm bdo cdc dieu kien bdo ddm CSVC de quy trinh DT moi ddp ung myc tieu vd dqt hieu qud mong mudn Q (1) Quyet djnli sO'07/2009/QD-TTg ng&y 15/01/2009 ciia Tliu tudng Ctiinti ptiii vl Diiu ki&n vd thil tuc thdnh Idp, dinh chi hogt dong sdp nh^p, chia tdch, gidi thi tru&ng dgi hgc Tai lieu tham khao Ngiii quy^t 14/2005/NQ-CP ve Ddi mdi cabdn vd loan dim giao due dai hgc Viet Nam giai dogn 2006-2020 Quy ctig42/2007/QD-BGD-DT ve Quy chihoc smh sinh vien cdc truong dgi hgc, cao ddng vd trung cdp chuyen nghiep hi ehinh quy Quy ctig 43/2007/QD-BGD&DT v^ Quy chi ddo tao dgi hgc vd cao ddng hi chinh quy theo hi thdng tin chi Ki ye'u hai ttiao Ddo tao theo hi thdng tin chi Trirdng Dai iioc Cin Tlio 2010 5.1iIlp://tuoitre.vn/Tuoi-tre-cuO!-tuan/Chuyen-de/ ! 1904/Co-so-vat-chat-cac-truong-dai-iioc-caodang.titml SUMMARY To implement the training process under the credit system, the university needs to build road to appropriately synchronized In addition to innovative content, programs and teaching methods - education should focus on ensuring the conditions to ensure the facilities for the training process to meet objectives and achieve the desired effect Tap chi Giao due s6 (h a - i/aom ... td''i thieu dgt ehudn So vdi DT theo nien ehe, DT theo HTTC cdn nhieu khdng gian vd diSn tich xay dyng cho hoqt ddng hpe tdp hem, cde hinh thue to chuc hpc tdp theo lop nhd, nhdm thdo lupn, phdng... lieu, ehu ddng ty hpc tdp nghien cuu chiem tfnh tri thue Khdc vai phucmg thuc QL DT theo nien che, phucmg thuc DT theo HTTC yeu cdu cdng tdc QL DT x u li khdi lupng cdng viec rd''t Ion, khdng the... QL, he thdng phdn mem ed chuc ndng phu hop ho trp cho eong tdc QL DT theo tin chi Dd''i vdi cdc trudng DH dong thyc hien DT theo HTTC, ICT Id he thdng ede phuong phdp khoa hoc, phuong tien, eong