JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE Vol 56, No 5, pp 162 168 DAY HOC CONG NGHE 6 TRl/dNG TRUNG HOC P H 6 THONG THEO CHUAN KIEN THtfC, KY N A N G Le Huy Hoanĝ *̂ v^ DSng Van Nghia Trudng Dgi hgc Su phgm Hd Ngi[.]
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE Vol 56, No 5, pp 162-168 DAY HOC CONG NGHE TRl/dNG TRUNG HOC P H THONG THEO CHUAN KIEN THtfC, KY N A N G Le Huy Hoang^*^ v^ DSng Van Nghia Trudng Dgi hgc Su phgm Hd Ngi ^lYan Thi Tue Minh TYudng Cao ddng Cdng nghd vd Ky thudt Hd Ndi (*)E-mail: hoanglh@hnue.edu.vn Tom tat, Bdi viit ndy gidi thieu khai quat vc chudn kicn thflc, ky nSng Tren cd sd do, de xuat quy trinh, cdc ky thuat cu thi day hge: theo chudn kiin thflc, ky nang vd dp dung cho mon Cong nghe d tnrdng Trung hgc ph6 thong Dat van de Chudn kiin thflc, ky ndng (KT, KN) la mOt bd phan cua chfldng trinh giao due cd vai trd hit sflc quan trgng Bdi le, nd la cdn cfl di xac dinh muc tieu; lira chgn ngi dung, phfldng phdp day hgc; kiim tra ddnh gia kit qua hgc tap cua hgc sinh Bgn canh dd, chudn KT, KN cdn Id cdng cu di quan ly, kigm tra cdng tdc day hgc d trfldng phd thdng Chinh vi vay, Bd Giao diic va Dao tao cung da tiin hdnh tap huan va nhdn rdng cho gido vien eac trfldng THPT \ i day hgc va kiim tra ddnh gid theo chudn KT, KN Tuy nhien, nhieu nguyen nhan khdch quan va chu quan, thflc tiin cho thdy phan Idn gido vien cdn lung tung viec day hgc va kiim tra ddnh gia theo chudn KT, KN tfl van di nhdn thflc cho tdi each thflc tien hanh cii thi nhfl xac dinh mi.ic tieu; bra chgn ngi dung, phfldng phap; di kiem tra danh gia cho hgc sinh theo chudn KT, KN Bai viet tap trung vao lam rd mot sd khai niem, vai trd cua chudn KT, KN cung nhfl quy trinh day hgc theo chudn KT, KN 2.1 Day hoc theo chuan kien thufc, ky nang Khai niem vk chuin KT, KN [2] Chudn KT, KN la cac yeu can cd ban, t6i thiiu vi KT, KN cua mdn hgc, hoat dgng giao due ma HS can phai va cd thi dat dfldc sau tflng giai doan hgc tap 162 Day hoc Cdng nghe d trUdng trung hgc phd thdng theo chuan kien thdc, ky ndng Chudn KT, KN la can cfl dk bign soan SGK, quan l.v day hge-, ddnh gid kit qua GD d tflng mon hge, boat dgng gido due nhdm bdo dam e:hat ludng va hieu qua cua qud trinh GD Tuy thugc \-ao phiim vi ngi dung, ngudi la di cap tdi eke loai chudn KT, KN sau day: Chuan KT, KN cua ChUdng trinh cap hgc Id cdc yeu edu ea bdn, tdi thiiu vi kiin thiic, ky ndng cua cdc mdn hoc md hgc sinh edn phdi vd ed the dgt dugc sau titng giai dogn hoc tap cap hgc - Chudn KT, KX cua Chfldng trinh mon hge Id cdc yen cdu ca bdn, tdi thieu ve kidn thdc, kg ndng cua mdn hgc md hgc sinh cdn pluii vd cd the dgt duge sau mdi dan vi kicn thdc (nidi hdi, chii de, ehii diem, md dun) - Chudn KT, KN eua mot ddn vi kiin thflc Id cd.c yeu cdu ca bdn, tdi thiiu vi kiin thdc ky ndng ciia dan vj kiin thdc md hoe sinh cdn phdi vd cd the dgt duac 2.2 Vai tro ciia c h u a n K T , K N Chudn KT, KN cae- mdn hgc, cap hgc da dugc quy elinh tai Chfldng trinh gidd due p h i thdng thed Quyit dinh 10/2006/QD-BGD DT 5/5/2006 Mdi quan he gifla chudn KT KN vdi c:hfldng trinh gido due p h i thdng, vdi SGK, vdi tai lieu tham khao dfldc t h i bign nhfl sau: C^UAT GIAO DUC T MUC TIEU GD P H THONG [cHU'aNG TRiNH GD P H THONG r 1 1 VAN i C^NG NGHE TC'AN ' CHUAN KT, KN 1 SGK Hinh Moi I quan he giUa chudn KT, i TL THAM KHAO KN vdi cdc thdnh phdn khac Thed dd, chudn KT, KN ddng mdt vai trd hit sflc quan trgng chudng trinh G D P T bdi nd Id cdn cfl di: Bign soan sdch giao khoa va cdc tai lieu hudng ddn day hgc, kiem tra, ddnh gia, ddi mdi phfldng phap day hgc, ddi mdi kiim tra, danh gid 163 Le Huy Hodng, Dang Van Nghia vd Tran Thj Tue Minh Chi elae), quan li, thanb, kiem tra thfle- hien d9,y hgc, kiim tra, ddnh gia, sinh boat chuyen mdn, ebu) tjjio, boi dfldng cdn bg quan l.v vd giao vien .Xiie- dinh muc tieu eua moi gid hgc, muc tieu ciia qud trinh day hgc darn bao chat brgng giao due Xiie- elinh muc tieu kiim tra, ddnh gid de'ii vdi tflng bdi kiim tra, bai thi; danh gid k('t qua giiie) due tfrng mdn hgc, ldp hgc, cap hgc 2.3 Quy t n n h day hoc theo chuSn K T , KN Bifdc So s^nh chuin KT, KN vdi muc tieu SGK Ngodi chudn KT, KN, sach gido khoa cdn thi hien muc tieu cho men bai day Trong mgt so bai, mue- tieu dd chfla thi.rc sfl phu hdp vdi chudn Do vay can thiit phiii xem xgt sfl jihu hap giiia, muc tieu bdi day vdi chudn KT, KN .Xiu da phu hgp, chuyin sang bfldc "cu the hda mue- tieu ela>- hoe-" niu chfla, tiin hanh diiu chinh muc tigu cho phu hgp vdi chudn KT, KN r Chuin KT.KN ""^ [ Muc tieu SGK NOI dung SGK Miic (30 c Huy Hoang, Dang Viiu Nghia vd Trdn Thi Tue Minh X^C fliMh 'I.mil iiiM': noi clung J Xac dmh nOi dung tSm Xi^c dinh rnij-r, Oo sSu sSc cua n6i dung J H U A M I' I, l-.IM Lij-a chon trii lii^u tham kh^o Bien soan noi dung -4 Hinh Dinh hiidng Dmh hucmg th6i gian cho c6c HD day hoc npi dung theo chudn KT, KN \'iee tiin hi~mh dieu chinh ndi elung e:lie) phu hgp vdi muc tieu bai hoe-, chudn KT, K.X cd t h i dugc thi.rc bien theui cae- budc t h i hien Hinh Btfdc Xac dinh phiidng phap day hoc \'di nhflng phfldng phap khde da lfla chgn elay hgc, ei'iii dg v mot sd yiu td quyit dinh tdi viec day hgc theo chuan KT, KN Hinh the hien eaekhia canh edn quan tdm sfl dung cdc phuong phdp thuyit trinh, dam thoai, tri.rc quan Vdi phuang phdp thuyit trinh: Cdn chu V tdi ngdn tir sir di.ing phu hdp vdi nifle- nhdn thflc thg hien muc tieu Ngdn tfl sfl dung, each ddt vdn di, diin giang hfldng tdi bgc sinb dat cdc hdnh ddng nhfl: ki ten, bet ke, trinh biiy elilt tc~Mi thudt lai trich ddn, dien, md td, dinh nghia, tim kiim dugc \e ndi dung, clui de cd bai hgc, t h i bieln trgng muc tigu dflgc nhdn dugc Thdi gian thuyet trinh ddnh nhiiu hdn e-ho eiie- ngi dung thugc trgng tdm da xae- dinh, ben canh dd ciiii nhdn niiiiih, chdt lai cae- ndi dung dfldc yen cdu muc tieu Neu Ci'm vi di.i minh hua, ciui ehgn ciic vi dn khdng khd, khdng d i so vdi mi.ic tigu da ehgn Vdi phuang phdp ddm thoai: Can cdn cfl vko kiin thfle-, kinh nghiem cua hgc sinh d i ddt cac cau hdi vdi nhflng ddng tfl d i hdi phu hdp \di muc tigu Phdn hdi e:au trii ldi cua hge- sinh cung can thi.rc hien theo dinh hfldng tich cue- tranh gay cdng thang, hudng tdi cac cdu tra ldi ddp flng dugc chudn KT, KN - Can chot lai eae- kiin thfle cd lign quan tdi chudn KT, KN sau mdi ngi dung, mdi bai hoc 166 Day hgc Cong nghe d trUdng trung hgc phd thdng theo chudn kiin thite, ky ndng Ngdn ti> si> dyng i MiJc dp nh^n mgnh -S T H U Y e i T R i N H Thd'l gian c H6n qyan chujn } D$tcduh6i CHUAN KT KN [ H DAM THOAI —- •iji^Pcslnh: I, p(,in |,ii p3y ,f^ i^j j,^g ^ g I |ChiJl l^i kidn (hire lign quan chuSft J'Nhi^m vy quan sdt •i T R V C Q U A N } • Hird-ng dfin quan sAI Dinh hy6-ng thdo lu$n ^ ChAl Igi ki6n IhOc Ii6n quan chuin j Hinh Dinh hiidng npi dung theo chudn KT, KN Vdi phuang phdp true quan: Nhiem vu quan sat cdn dugc neu ro rang, phu hdp vdi muc tieu cung nhu can hdi dat cho hgc sinh quan sat Dinh hirdng quan sat cung ddng vai trd quan trgng d i hudng muc tieu nhan thflc tdi cac doi tUdng, qua trinh thugc vat quan sat - Thao ludn va chdt lai cdc kien thflc cd lign quan cung cdn Iflu y hfldng tdi muc tieu bai day va chuan KT, KN Ben canh cac phfldng phap neu trgn, muon dat muc tieu d mflc cao nhfl phan tich, tdng hdp, danh gid, nen tdng cfldng suf dung cac phfldng phap hgc nhfl day hgc dua tren gidi quyet van di (Problem Based Learning), day hgc tren du dn (Project Based Learning), day hoc hap tdc (Collaboration Learning), hgc dUa tren sii khdm phd (Inquiry Learning) hdn day dua day Btfdc 5: Lap ke hoach day hoc va t o chufc thufc hien Tren co sd cac bfldc trgn, giao vien can lap ki hoach (giao an) cdn than vd dii chi tiet t h i hien dung cdc kit "qua da phdn tich bai day Viec t h i hien d trgn ldp cung cdn dam bao phan anh chinh xac nhflng gi da ngu giao an Lam dugc nhfl vay, gid day cua giao vien da t h i hien day dii theo cdc ygu can neu chudn KT, KN Bufdc 6: Lap ke hoach danh gia K Q H T ciia HS dtfa tren chudn K T , KN Tren cd sd phan tich, lap ki hoach va td chflc thflc hien viec day hgc phu hdp vdi chudn KT, KN, cdn lap ke hoach danh gia kit qua hgc tap cua hgc sinh dfla tren chudn KT, KN lam cdn cfl cho cac hoat dgng ddnh gia qua trinh hgc tap 167 Lc Huy Hodng, Dftng Van Nghia va IVan Thi Tue Minh diim biio duge diiy hgc vii kiim tra diinh gid phu hgp vdi chuan KT, KN Ket luan Diiy hgc theo e-buau KT, KN la e:i\ii thiit va quan trgng Tuy nhien, d i thflc hien dugc vice- eld giiio vicn (dn dau tu thdi gian, thi.re- hien dung quy trinh neu tren (lido vicn ciiii thi\v ditoe lam c|iiim tre;ng e:iia day hge- theo chudii KT, K.X Hg can dugc tiip can vdi e-hui'm, hfle'mg diln thi.rc hien chuan cung nhu e:il(- die'-u kien khac ve thdi ^iiin vk ce) sd viit (hat Bgn (iinh eiie- nha ejuan l.v cung edn ban hdnh Ciic till li(?u phiip l.v tei chfle- thi.rc hiewi va lien hanh kiim tra tbfle^Jng xuygn eii diiy hgc th(H) chui'ui KT, KN trd thiuih mgt viee: lam tat yiu e-ua viee day hgeTAI LIEU T H A M K H A O [1] Nguygn Vdn Khdi, Dd Ngge- Hdng, 2009 Hudng ky ndng ldp 11, 12 .Xxb Giao due-, Ha Ngi [2] \'u Gido due Trung hge-, 2010 Tdi lieu tap hudn ddnh gid theo chudn kiin thitc ky ndng Chfldng Giao di.ic, Ha Ngi [3] Sdch gido khoa Cdng nghe ldp 11, 12 Nxb Giao ddn tln/c hien chudn kie.n thiic gido vicn thitc hicn vd kieni tra trinh giao di.ic trung hgc Nxb di.ic Ha Xpi, 2010 SUMMARY Teaching Technology in H i g h schools based on standards of knowledge and skills This article generally introduees standards of knowledge and skills Based on that, we proposed procedures and specific techniejues to implement teaching Technology in High schools based on standards of knowledge and skills 168 ...Day hoc Cdng nghe d trUdng trung hgc phd thdng theo chuan kien thdc, ky ndng Chudn KT, KN la can cfl dk bign soan SGK, quan l.v day hge-,... HOACH DAY HOC T CHLTC DH LAP Ke H O A L H D A N H GIA K Q H T CUA HOC SINH THEO CHUAN KT KN Hinh Quy trinh day hgc theo chudn KT, KN Budc Cu th§ hoa muc tieu day hoc Viec cu thi hda muc tigu... nhfl dieu kien ve cd sd vat chat ciia trfldng phd thdng 164 Day hoc Cdng ngh^ d trUdng trung hgc phd thong theo chudn kiin thitc, ky ndng Bgn canh dd, muc tieu mdi bdi hgc hay muc tigu da dieu