THIET KE VA Sf DUNG PHIEU HOC TAP THEO CHUAN KIEN THlTC, KY NANG VCfl SU* H O T R O CUA CONG NGHE THONG TIN TRONG DAY H O C DIA L I 10 THPT NGUY£N HOANG LONG Trudng THPT Sd 1 Dire Phd Qudng Ngdi NGUY£[.]
T H I E T KE VA Sf DUNG P H I E U H O C T A P T H E O CHUAN K I E N THlTC, KY NANG VCfl SU* H O T R O CUA C O N G N G H E T H O N G TIN T R O N G DAY H O C DIA L I 10 T H P T NGUY£N HOANG LONG Trudng THPT Sd Dire Phd Qudng Ngdi NGUY£N NGOC MINH Tnrdng Dgi hgc Suphgm - Dgi hgc Hui Tom tit: Tren thuc tl, co nhilu phucmg phap de dch cue hda hoat dpng nhan thirc cua hoc sinh, nhdm nang cao hieu qua day hpc dia li a tnrcmg thong Trong viec thilt kl va sii dung philu hpc tap theo chuin kiln thiic, ky nang vdi su ho trp ciia cong ngh? thong tm (CNTT) la mpt ttong nhiing phuong phap rat can dupc quan tam va dng dung Bdi bao dua nguySn tdc, quy trinh, ky thuat thiet ke va sii dung philu hpc tap theo chuan kien thiic, ky nang vdi sy lio trp cua CNTTttongday hoc dia li ldp 10 THPT I KHAI QUAT V^ PHIEU HOC TAP Phien hpc tap (PHT) la loai phieu dimg ttong day hgc nhu mdt phuong tien de td chiic boat dpng cua hpc sinh Trong day hpc theo chuan kiln thiic, ky nang hien nay, npi dung phieu can phdi dugc bien soan phii hgp vdi chudn Phieu co th§ soan bmh thudng, CO the soan vdi sy h6 ttg ciia CNTT Phieu hpc tdp co hai chiic nang chu yeu: Chirc ndng cung cdp thdng lin vd sv ki^n: PHT thuc hien chuc ndng cung cip thdng tin, sy kien eho hpc sinh Nhiing thdng tin, sy kien la nhiing thong tin, sy kien chudn cd ttong sach gido khoa; sach tham khao; bao, tap chi; internet Giao vien su dyng PHT de yeu can hpc sinh phan tich, nit nhOng tri thiic cua bai hpc, hodc co thi dung dl minh ho?, Idm sang td them kiln thiic ciia bai hpc Chuc ndng cdng cy hogt dgng vd giao tiip: "PHT chira dimg cdc cdu hdi, bdi tap yeu cdu hogt dgng, nhumg vdn di vd cdng viic di hgc sinh gidi quyit hogc thuc hiin, kem theo hu&ng ddn ggi y cdch /om Thdng qua cdc ngi dung nay, PHT thuc hien chirc ndng Id cdng cu hogt dgng vd giao tiip qud trinh hgc tdp ciia hoc sinh " [2], Phieu hpc tdp CO vai ttd rdt quan ttpng day hgc Vdi tu each la mgt PTDH PHT chira dyng nhung nhiem vu hgc tap dupc trinh bay mpt each logic, khoa hpc nhdm giiip hpc sinh ITnh hdi kien thiic Hon nira, PHT la cdng cu de giac vien tl chirc cae hoat dpng hpc t?ip cho hpc sinh Thdng qua PHT va v6n kien thiic, kJ nang cua minh hpc sinh sir dung PHT dl thyc hien cac nhi6m vu nhdn thiic dupc giao nhdm ITnh hoi'kiln thiic chudn va kj? nang chuan Viec sir dung PHT cd the to chiic thong qua hoat d6ng cd nhdn hay t^p the, gdp phdn phat ttien cdc kJ nang hpc tap cin thilt eho hgc sinh Viec ling dung CNTT hd ttg ttong khdu thiet ke va su dung PHT se kich thich tinh tich eye va thu hpc tap cho hgc sinh, nang cao hieu qua day hpc bp mon Tap chi Khoa hpc va Giao due, Trutmg Dai hgc Sir pham Hue ISSN I859-I612.S6 03(I9)/'20Il:tr 142-151 THIET KE VA S L T D U N G PHitU HOC T.4P THEO CHUAN KIEN THL'C KY NANG THIET KE PHIEU HOC TAP THEO CHUAN KIEN THlTC, KY NANG VCil SI/ H T R O CilA CONG NGHE THONG TIN TRONG DAY HQC DJA LI 10 THPT 2.1 Nguyin tic thilt kl De thiet ke dugc mpt PHT tdt, phat huy tinh chii thi nhdn thiie ciia hpc sinh, dap ung dugc yen cdu ciia bp mon, chung toi da de xuit mpt sd nguyen tic sau: Npi dung ciia PHT phai phu hgp vdi muc tieu va npi dung day hpc; phu hpp vdi trinh dp, nang lyc ciia hpc sinh cung nhu the hien duge nhiem vy hpc t^p cy thi PHT phai dam bdo tinh khoa hpc cung nhu tinh chinb xac va tinh thim mj cao Thilt ke PHT phai bam sat Hudng ddn thyc hien chuan kiln thiic, ky ndng mdn diali ldp 10 Cdn sir dyng cae phin mim uu viet de hd txq viec thiet kl PHT Trong qua trinh xay dyng PHT cin phai ket hgp vdi cac phuang tien d^y hpc khdc nhu: sach giao khoa, ban dd, bieu do, tranh anh, video clip PHT phai phat huy dugc kha ndng boat dpng cung nhu kha nang giao tilp ciia hpc sinh, dong thdi phdi dugc quy dinh cu the ve mdt thdi gian 2.2 Quy trinh thilt kl Tren co sd cac nguyen tdc da neu, ehiing tdi dua quy trinh thiet kl PHT theo chudn kiln thiic, ky ndng vdi sy hd ttg ciia CNTT nhu sau: Budc Xac djnh muc tieu ciia phdn cdn sir dung PHT Budc Xac dinh npi dung cu thi can the hien qua PHT Budc Tien hanh suu tap hodc xay dyng ngudn ui lieu ho tto PHT (ddi vdi phiSu cung cap thdng tin) Budc Dy kiln ciu tnic cua PHT, y tudng vl can hoi / nhiem vy / bai tap can giao cho hpc sinh qua PHT Budc Trinh bay PHT va thi hien vdi sy h6 ttg ciia CNTT Ky thuSt thilt kl Bu&c L Xdc djnh muc tieu cua phdn cdn sir dung PHT Dl xac dinh diing myc tieu, giao vien cin dpc ky sach giao khoa, kit hgp vdi tai lieu tham khao, sach giao vien, dl tun dugc cai dich cdn dat tdi cua ca bai v6 kien thuc, ky ndng va thai dp Tren co sd dd, giao vien xac dinh rd rang muc tieu cua bai hgc, muc tieu ciia timg phin dl lam co sd cho viec thiet ke PHT VI du: Khi day bai 42: "Mdi tru&ng vd suphdt triin bin vimg" [1] Myc tiSu can xac dinh se la: NGUTfEN HOANG LONG - NGUYTN NGOC MINH + Phan tich dugc mdi quan he giiia mdi trudng va phat trien noi chung d cac nude phat trien va dang phat trien ndi rieng + Trinh bay dugc nhung man thudn, khd khan ma caic nude dang phat trien phdi giai quylt yong moi quan he gi&a mdi trudng va phat trien v l ky nang: Phan tich bang s6 lieu, yanh anh, video clip ve cac vin dl moi trudng (6 nhilm khdng khi, d nhilm ngudn nude; suy thoai ddt, rimg ) vd riit nhan xet v l thai dp: Xac dinh thai dp va hanh vi yong bao ve moi trudng, myen tiuyen giao due bao ve mdi trudng Bu&c Xdc dinh ngi dung cu the cdn the hiin qua PHT D I xac dinh dugc yudng hgp cu thi cin thilt kl PHT phai luu y: la nhung ndi dung kiln thiic mdi, kha phiic tap, nhflng khai niem trim tugng, npi dung duge trinh bay rat ngin gpn; hay la nhung ndi dung cCia bai hpc diich hgp cho viSc td chirc cho bpc sinh ddc lap nghien ciiu hoac thao luan Sii dung \ i du d budc I, npi dung cu the cua bai cdn thi hien qua PHT la: Muc II "Vdn di mdi tru&ng vd phdt triin a cdc nu&c phdt trien " va muc HI " Vdn di mdi tru&ng vd phdt triin & cdc nude dang phdt triin " Bu&c Tiin hdnh suu tap hodc xdy dung nguon tu lieu hd tra PHT (ddi v&iphiiu cung cdp thong tin) Tren ca sd dinh hudng cae thdng tin, ngudn tu lieu hd ttg cho PHT, giao vien can suu tim, thu thap, xir h, tong hgp Nguon tu lieu phai chinh xac, khoa hpc va cd nguin gdc dang tin cay, cd thi liy tir sach giao vien, sach tham khao, bao, tap chi, internet va duge lya chpn ky cang tnrdc dua vao phieu Vdi vi du d budc 1, nguin tu lieu ho trg bien soan PHT se la: Sach bdi lap dia li 10, Nguyen Diic Vii (Chu bien), NXB Giao due Viet Nam, 2010; internet; phin mem Encarta Bu&c Du Min cdu triic cua PHT y tuang ve cdu hdi / nhiim vu / bdi tap cdn giao cho hgc sinh qua PHT PHT dupe thi hien dudi dang cac cdu hoi, bai tap, so dd, bang diln kiln thuc Cdu tnic cua PHT, y tudng ve cdu hdi / nhiem vu / bai tap cin giao cho hpc sinh qua PHT ttong vi dy tren dupc tbI hien nhu sau: PHT dugc trinh bay dudi dang bang dien kien thuc, bang s6 lieu Nhiem vu 1: Quan sat hinh anh, video clip ve cae van dl mdi trudng d cac nude phdt tnln va dang phat trien, kit hpp vdi nghien cim muc II va muc m yong sach giao khoa, hoan bang kien thiic T H I £ T K E VA SU'DU-NG PHIEU HOC T.A.P THEO CHUAN KIEN T H C C K"? NANG Nhiem vu 2: Nhan xet bang sd lieu \'e tinh hinh suy giam tai nguyen rtog hang ndm tten the gidi Budc Trinh bdy PHT vd the hien vdisuhdtrg cua CNTT - Trinh bay PHT: Khi trinh bay phieu, nen ghi ten PHT, philu dimg cho phin nao eua bai hpc hay khau nao cua tiet hpc Neu bai hpc su dung nhilu philu thi nen ddnh s6 thir tu, nhu PHT sol PHT sd Khi trinh bay philu bing so dd thi phai dam bao tinh logic, mdi Uen he giira cac dan \i kien thuc vdi Khi trinh bay philu dudi dang bang bilu nen chpn lpc 1^ cang ca; loai bang bilu that sy cin thilt dl dua vao philu, cac bang bilu phai cd ngudn gdc ro rang va ddng tin cay Khi trinh bay philu bdng he th6ng cdu hoi thi yeu ciu cau hdi phai rd rang, mach l?c, ngin gpn, dl hilu, phdi thyc sy la nhiing gpi y, hudng ddn each thiic; de hpc sinh nam dugc nhirng kiln tinic chuin vd ren luyen dupc cac ky nang chuan Cach trinh bay phieu phai dam bdo tinh khoa hpc, thim my, da dang vl hinh thiic trinh bay Cdn phai co khoang ydng thich hpp de hpc sinh diln kit qua 1dm viec Ddng thdi, phdi quy dinh thdi gian hoan phieu - Hd trg cua CNTT yong viec thilt kl PHT: CNTT se hd trg viec thiet ke cac dang phieu va mdu philu khac Tren thyc te, cd rit nhieu phdn mem hd tig \ iec bien soan PHT Tuy nhien, ehiing tdi thudng sir dung cdc phan mem sau: Phan mem Microsoft Powerpoint cho phep thilt ke PHT d dien rgng, tten cac sUde ciia PowerPoint co the xay dyng c;ae van ban, cac diem dii lieu, cae bieu dd, so do, bang dien kien thiie, anh, thiet ke khung, nen, lien ket cac hinh anh, ban do, cac doan phim, video clip, cung nhu eae hieu irng ve am Ddy la phin mem dugc su dung de thiet ke nhieu dang PHT khac Phan mem Microsoft Excel la mdt chuang trinh ling dung, ma chay chuong trinh ung dung se tao mgt bang tinh va bang tinh giiip ta dl dang hem ttong viec thyc hien: tinh todn dai sd, phan tich dii lieu; truy cap cac nguon dit Ueu khac nhau; ve dl thi va cac so dd; ty ddng hda cac cong viec bang cac macro; va nhieu ung dung khac de giup chiing ta cd the phan tich nhieu loai hinh bai toan khac thudn tien cho viec xii U cac sd lieu thdng ke thiet kl PHT Phin mem Mapinfo la phan mem bien tap ban vdi nhilu tinh ndng Tuy nhien, diem vugt ttpi cua Mapinfo so vdi cac phin mem khac la kha ndng bien tap ban chuyen de rdt tot ydi cong cu create thematic map Mapinfo cd kha ndng ket noi vdi cac phin mem khac rdt tot, thdng qua \'iec hd ttg viec md va luu file vdi phin md rgng rdt da dang Tren co sd do, phin mim se ho tig khau bien tap ban do, cung cap cac ban Thudng dugc dimg dl thilt kl dang PHT cung cdp thdng tin, sy kien NGUYEN HOANG LONG - NGUTfEN NGOC MINH Phin mim Encarta la bg bach khoa toan thu sd hda da phuang rien cua hang phan mem Idn nhit thi gidi, Microsoft Vdi ngudn tiiong tin khong Id: hem 66.000 bai viet bdi cac chuyen gia d hdu hit cac lmh vyc Cac bai vilt co ndi dung rdt dang tin cay, sau sac, diy dli va dl hilu; ban 26.000 hinh anh va minh hpa cd gia tri cao; hon 3.000 am va ban nhac; hon 29.000 Uen kit trang web dugc bien tap kT ludng; hem 200 bai tap tuong tac yong Encarta Kids; 300 doan phim va md ta minh hpa; 32 doan phim ciia Discovery Channel Day la kho tu lieu rit hiiu ich h6 trg viec thiet ke cac dang PHT Phin mim K-Lite Mega Codec Pack la mot bp suu tap cua hdu hit eac bd ma va cac cdng cu lien quan Codec noi ngin gpn la dimg de nen va giai nen Gdi bao gdm cac codec eho hiu hit cac hinh thirc nen nhu Divx va Xvid va cac loai kem thong dung khac nhung cd the can din codec, cdn de ma hoa va gia ma cac audio va video K-Lite Mega Codec Pack bao gim K-Lite Codec Pack Full, Media Player Classic, Bsplayer va sy ho ttg cua Smacker va bp gidi ma Monkey's Audio DirectShow Vdi cac tinh nang yen, phin mem sS h6 ttp cac doan phim va video cUp Thudng dugc sii dung de thiet ke cac dang PHT khdc Phan mem Violet la cong cu giiip cho gido vien eo the ty xay dung dugc cac PHT tten may tinh mpt each nhanh chdng va hieu qua So vdi cac cdng cu khac, Violet chii ttgng hon ttong viec tao cac phieu eo am thanh, hinh anh, chuyen dpng va tuong tac, VcJi cac tinh ndng tten, Violet c6 the manh ttong viee bien soan cac cau hoi, bai tap trdc nghiem, thudng dupe sii dyng de thiet ke eac dang PHT nhu phieu kiem tta bai cu, phieu cimg cd bai Internet Id ngudn cung cap tu Ueu quan ttpng bien soan PHT (dac biet la dang philu cung cap thdng tin) Cach trinh bay PHT va thi hign vdi sy ho ttp cua CNTT ttong vi du tten la: - Ho ttg eua CNTT ttong thilt kl PHT Phdn mem Microsoft PowerPoint hd ttg khau thiet ke bang bilu, khtmg, nin, tao cac hipu ung, lien kit cdc hinh anh, video clip Phin mim Encarta cung cip cac doan video clip vl cac vin dl moi trudng d cac nude phat trien va dang phat ttiln Phin mim K-Lite Mega Codec Pack chay cac video clip Internet cung cap cac hinh anh ve cac vdn dS mdi trudng tten thi gidi - Philu thilt kl (Philu I) mii:^ s.'Xt;::*:s:r£^^?"• - • - " * " - - ^ rs.^^is^^'s.c^T.i^^ Hir* EN THU'C KY NANG - 147 • j ^ ^ " • * " * ' * * " " "™ a., "*" ^jE'.s? 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