^ TAC BdNG CVA KINH i t '''' THI TRtdlWG • • DEN CHliiC NANG GIAO DUC CUA GIA DJNH VIET NAM HIEN NAY ThS PHAM THI BINH**'''' Trong Cuong ITnh xdy dung ddt nude trong thdi ky qud dp len chu nghTa xd hpi (Bo[.]
^ TAC BdNG CVA KINH i t ' THI TRtdlWG • • DEN CHliiC NANG GIAO DUC CUA GIA DJNH VIET NAM HIEN NAY ThS PHAM THI BINH**' T rong Cuong ITnh xdy dung ddt nude thdi ky qud dp len chu nghTa xd hpi (Bo sung, phdt trien ndm 2011), ngudi Viet Nam dugc coi la trung tam cua ehiln luge phat trien, ddng thdi la ehu the cua su phat triin Cuong ITnh khdng dinh: " viec cham lo xay dyng ngudi Viet Nam giau ldng yeu nudc, cd y thiic lam chu, trach nhi?m cdng dan; cd tri thiic, siic khoe, lao ddng gidi; sdng cd van hod, nghTa tinh; cd tinh thin qudc tl chan chinh"" ^ la phai "Kit hgp vd phat huy diy du vai trd cua xa hdi, gia dinh, nha trudng, timg tap thi lao ddng, cac doan the vd cdng ddng dan c\i"^^\ Vai trd to Idn vd khdng thi thay thi dugc ciia giao dye gia dinh mpi thdi dai la giao dye gia dinh cd nhieu Igi thi so vdi giao dye xd hdi va giao due nhd trudng Nhin manh vai trd cua gido due gia dinh, bai ndi chuyen tai Hdi nghi can bd Dang nganh Gido dye (1957), Chu tjch Ho Chi Minh cho ring: "giao dye nha trudng, chi la mdt phin, cdn can cd sy giao due ngoai xa hdi vd gia dinh Giao dye nha trudng dii tdt may nhung' '*' D^i hpc Vinh LYLUANCHINHTRI9-2011 thieu gido due gia dinh vd ngodi xa hdi thi ket qua ciing khdng hoan toan"*^^ C) nudc ta hien nay, kinh te thi trudng tdc ddng da lam cho churc ndng giao dye ciia gia dinh Viet Nam cd nhiing biin ddi theo nhiiu chieu khde nhau, vira cd mat tich cue vira cd mat tieu eye Trudc day, nen kinh te ke hoach hoa tap trung vdi co che bao cap, vai trd giao due cua gia dinh cd phan bj lan at bdi vai trd cua nha trudng va xa hdi Dieu rit khac so vdi xa hdi ndng nghiep cd truyin, gia dinh glut vai trd tuyet ddi giao dye tre em Sy hoan vj vai trd giao dye nhd trudng vd xa hdi dam nhiem, lam thay khiin gido dye gia dinh roi vdo thy ddng, nhiiu bac cha me sinh tam ly y lai cho nha trudng, cho xd hdi, nhieu the manh cua gido due gia dinh khdng dugc phat huy Dudi tac ddng cua kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghTa va hdi nhap qudc te, giao dye gia dinh d nudc ta dang thay ddi ca ve myc tieu vd ndi dung giao dye theo hudng cdng tien bd Ciing vdi nha trudng va xa hdi, gia dinh phai tao nhung ngudi that sy ndng ddng, sang 63 vdo cudc sdng dung hang thir nam (Sl,l%f'^\ Sd lieu diiu tra cho thiy ty le cac gia dinh giao due ldng yeu nudc la 68,1%, cdn ty le giao dye ly tudng chinh tri, each mang ehilm 51,7%^^^ Cac gia dinh Cling chii trpng giao due nhiing gia tri gan Gia dinh vdi vai trd la thiet che xa hdi vdi nhung dieu kien sdng cy the cua kinh te dau tien chiu trach nhiem viec xa hdi hod thi trudng, dd la sy ndng ddng sang tao tre em, truyen thy nhiing gid tri van hod vd (70,4%), trdch nhiem cdng viec xa hdi tir the he sang the he khde, thdng (77,6%), nilm tin vao cudc sdng (81,1%), qua dd, cac gid tri dugc bao tdn va phat tinh thin doan kit tuong trg (73,9%)^^^ huy Gido dye gia dinh cdn phai truyen bd Tac ddng cua kinh te thi trudng khdng nhiing gia tri tien tien, mang tfnh nhan van chi lam thay ddi ve muc tieu, ndi dung giao cua thdi dai Gia dinh gido dye cho cdc due gia dinh, ma cdn tac dpng den viec doi vien biet tdn trpng cac quyen co ban mdi phuang phap gido dye Giao due trudc cua ngudi, quyen ty cd nhan day cua gia dinh mang tinh khudn phep, xa hdi hien dai de nhan each eon ngudi cd phye tung, chi huy Ngudi Ion day tre dieu kien phat trien va toa sang, chii khdng theo khudn miu, le giao cd sdn bang sy chi phai la lam cho ngudi ca nhan "chim bdo hoac bang uy quyen, menh lenh, tham di", "mai trdn" nhan edch cua minh chi ke ca bao lye Tre phai vang ldi day tap the, vi tap the bao cua dng ba, bd me, anh chi, tap bat De dat dugc muc tieu tren, npi dung chude theo chi bao cua ngudi Idn va phye gido dye gia dinh phai tuong ddi todn dien, tiing tuyet ddi Igi fch cua gia dinh Neu ca giao dye tri thiic va kinh nghiem, giao ngugc lai, khdng nghe ldi, trai y cua dng dye dao diic va ldi sdng, giao dye nhan ba, bd me, tre se bi trimg phat, cd the bi each va tham my, y thiic cpng ddng Trong ddn roi Cach thiic gido dye nhu the tao timg ndi dung giao dye dd cd sy ke thira mdt sy dn dinh cd tdn tri, trat ty tren dudi nhiing gid tri tdt dep cua truyen thdng, gia dinh Viet Nam truyen thdng nhung Cling phai cd sy ddi mdi cho phii Nhung nd eiing tao nhiing ngudi hgp vdi yeu cau cua dieu kien kinh te xa cdng ddng thy ddng, ehi biet phuc tiing, hpi hien Theo mdt dieu tra dugc tiln cam chiu, nang dau dc bao thu, tri tre tao, dam nghT, dam lam, dam chiu trach nhiem Nhu vay, myc dich giao dye gia dinh phai gdp phan ddo tao nhiing ngudi cd dao due, cd tri thiic, cd tinh chii ddng cao - nghTa la ngudi cd nhan each ddc lap, ty chu va sang tao hanh gan day ve gido dye gia dinh, nhimg ndi dung dugc gia dinh chii trgng truyen day cho chau thi diing hang diu la sy le phep, hieu thao (90,9%), tinh trung thye diing hang thii hai (84,2%), tinh ty lap vuon len hang thii ba (83,2%)), cin cii chiu khd diing hang thu tu (82,8%), nilm tin 64 Cdn hien nay, phuong phdp giao dye cua gia dinh rat da dang tren ca sd ke thira phuang phap giao due truyen thdng cua gia dinh nhu ndi chuyen, giang giai, khuyen bao, thudng phat hoac ran de nhung chu yiu va cd hieu qua nhat la phuang phdp thuyit phye, neu guong Vi?c giao due LY LUAN CHINH TRI 9-2011 nghieng ve phan tich ly le dl tre ty phan biet diing sai, ty diiu chinh hanh vi, thai do, suy nghT cua chiing Thye tl cho thay, nhung gia dinh cd trach nhiem vdi cdi, cd y thiic diy du vl vai trd ciia gido due gia dinh, da tim mpi hinh thiic, bien phap dl tdc dpng den cai theo hudng tfch eye Thdng qua sinh boat gia dinh, cac bac dng bd, cha me, chuyen tai cdc ndi dung van hod truyen thdng cho chau nhu giao dye nen nep, gido due gia phong, gia giao cua gia dinh, mong mudn the he sau tri va phat huy truyen thdng van hod cua gia dinh, gia tpc, neu cao truyen thdng nhan nghTa, an d thuan boa, hieu de Tao khdng khf gia dinh am ciing, cdi md, cha me cd the gan giii, tam sy, lang nghe cai bdy td suy nghT, dy dinh, ma udc Cling se giiip giao due gia dinh cd hieu qua hon Tren co sd sy cam thdng, chia se, cha me se de dang hieu dugc cdi, dinh hudng mpi mat cho cac vd nhiiu cdn giiip chiing sira chuta kip thdi nhimg ldi lim mic phai Nhung "tram nghe khdng bing mdt thiy", ciing vdi nhimg ldi bao ban, day dd, cha me phai la nhimg tim guong cho cai noi theo Bdi dac trung va ciing la thi manh ciia giao dye gia dinh la thdng qua tim guong nhimg ngudi than gia dinh, nhit la cha me Cha dng ta thudng ndi: "Cay thi bdng trdn" Gia dinh cdn ed trach nhiem hudng ndi dung giao dye cua minh thdng nhat vdi giao dye nha trudng, xa hdi de gdp phan tao nen nhimg cdng dan ed ich cho dat nudc Chfnh vi vay, nhiiu gia dinh da thay ddi edch tilp can vipe giao due cdi theo hudng tao tinh ty lap cho tre ciing nhu phat LY L U A N C H I N H TRj - 2011 huy vai trd chu the tich eye cua cdc em Lgi ich, nhu cau, sd thich, kha ndng cua cac em dugc quan tam, thoa man nhung gia dinh eiing biet tao ddng lyc de cac em bdc Id tinh each, kha ndng, nang khieu vd vuon len mdt each chu ddng, sang tao Kinh te phdt trien, ddi sdng cua cac gia dinh dugc nang cao la dieu kien rat tdt de cac bae cha me, dng ba nudi day ehdu Phan Idn tre em dugc nudi dudng day du, cd mdi trudng an toan de khdn Idn, dugc den trudng hpc hanh, khdng phai lao ddng lam lii, sdng thieu thdn Trong nhieu gia dinh, tre em van dugc hudng dan lao ddng, nhung vdi cdng viec phu hgp vd myc dfch de giao dye la chii yeu Cd dieu kien kinh te, cdc gia dinh cdn mua sam cac phuang tien thdng tin hien dai nhu radio, tivi, may tinh ndi mang intemet de tre cd dieu kien thu nhan them thdng tin nhieu mat Sdch bao, tap chi dugc cdc bac cha me sdn sang mua de cai dpc, bo sung them kien thiic khoa hpc, kien thiic cupc sdng Nhieu bac cha me cdn chu dpng tim tdi, hpc hdi them, nang cao trinh dp ve mpi mat de cd kha nang nudi day cai tdt ban Ldn len mdi trudng giao dye gia dinh nhu the, tre em Viet Nam cang ty tin vd chu ddng hon cupc sdng, sy nhanh nhay, ndng ddng vd kha nang tilp can vdi nhirng kien thirc mdi ciing da khien cho tre em nudc ta phdt trien thuan lgi hon, trudng sdm ban so vdi thi he cha anh Dd ciing la yeu td thuan lgi dl sau ldn len, cdc em nhanh chdng hod nhap mdi trudng xa hdi rdng ldn va thich ling dugc yeu cau cua nen kinh te thi trudng vdn rat nang ddng nhung ciing tiem in nhiiu nii ro vi canh tranh khde liet 65 Trong bang chi tieu cua gia dinh, viec chi tieu cho hpc tap eua cai rat ldn, diing hang thir hai sau chi cho viec an udng hang va chiem 79,6% d phd, mure chi cdn ldn hon, chiem tdi 80%, diing hang dau cac khoan chi tieu cua gia dinh^^^ Ket qua cdn cho thay cd 49,8%) sd cha me danh cho viec cham nom cai hpe hanh khoang tir den gid mdi Sd cha me danh den tieng ddng hd mdi chiem ty le 29,4%) Cd tdi 57% sd ngudi dugc hdi ndi rang cdng viec thudng xuyen nhat ciia hp thdi gian rdi la day hpc tap Giiia ndng thdn va thi khdng cd sy khac biet nhieu viec danh thdi gian day dd cai hpc tap: d phd la 82,1% cdn ndng thdn la 85,4%