NGHIEN CIAJ & U''''NG DUNG TAC DONG CUA DO CHOTl DOI VOfi TINH CAM CUA HOC SINH TIEU HOC TS Ph^m van Nam; Virorng Thj Phinrng H^nh Ki^n Khoa hpc Gido rhfc Vi4t Nam Cupe song hipn dgi bgn rpn va nhieu dp[.]
N G H I E N CIAJ & U'NG DUNG TAC DONG CUA DO CHOTl DOI VOfi TINH CAM CUA HOC SINH TIEU HOC TS Ph^m van Nam; Virorng Thj Phinrng H^nh Ki^n Khoa hpc Gido rhfc Vi4t Nam C upe song hipn dgi bgn rpn va nhieu dp lire d6i lam cho cha mp cung thieu thdi gian \k kiln thuc danh cho chinh b ^ than minh \k cdi Nhung, du c6 bgn rpn den mdc dO nio, cdc bgc cha mp cung nen danh thdi gian di quan tam ch^m soc va chia sd vdi c4i, n5m dupc nhung d|c diem tam sinh li co ban cua lua tu6i hilu va c6 cdc tdc dpng phu hop doi vdi tre I Tie dflng cua choi vcri tinh cam hpc sinh ti^u h9c Do choi giiip tre co tdm hon IQC quan Tre tieu hpc da co sy lya chpn choi va choi theo each rieng cua minh Sau nhiJng gid hpc cang thang, tre dupc tu chai dua vdi choi la liic giup tre lay Igi sy can bing, dupc trd Igi la chinh minh the gidi tuoi tho h6n nhidn va sang Tre Tieu hpc rat giau tri tudng tupTig, d^c bipt la tre lop va lop bdi tre cd niem tin vao nhihig truy?n co tich thin tien, nhihig truyen thin thoai dan gian ma tre da dpc hay dupc cha m?, ong ba ke cho nghe Tu cac em tu thIu d$t va 6m ap nhung udc mo rat de thuong nhirng cung rit bSt ngo Cac em the hi^n nhung suy nghT, nhiing udc mo njky thdng qua vipc cung mpt trd choi Do choi cua trd liia tu6i ndy trao ddi vdi mpi ngudi xung quanh, qua vipc v6 tranh, miia ft ve so lupmg nhung s6 Id mdn hat va chu yeu la thong qua choi the hi$n tinh cdch, ca choi vi chung c6 the the tinh ciia trd vd dupc trd thyc hipn vd ldm thda mSn nhihig sy yeu thfch, chda dyng mong di6u ma Xrh dang tudng tupng muon cua trd vd c6 nhihig tre Ciing vdi sy sdng tao Iw dipu se quyet tam, no lyc tu cua tre, nhung mdn choi nhd de d^t dupc mo udc ay bong trd nen sinh dgng de Thdm chi co nhihig dua tre cung tre theu d§t nhdng udc c6n c6 the the hi$n kha ndng ma, giiip tre yeu ddi hon, lac ldm tho, v6 tranh ve nhimg quan hon vdi cupe song hi^n ^^6n choi ^a tro ^hoi i tai va tuong lai Tre Idp 1, vdn mo mpng nhieu ve the gidi co tich va nhin "cupe song mau hong" nen choi cua tre Ilia tuoi bSn canh nh&ng bp xep hinh, ghep hinh cdng tro nen kho hon thi van CO nhung anh chang sieu nhan diing manh, nhihig toa lau dai trang le, nhimg ndng cong tudng tupng bdi tre em chiia xinh d?p hay nhihig giai d o ^ cuoi tieu hpc bi chi phoi m^nh m6 bdi cdc xiic thii bong dang yeu Doi vdi tre lap 1, 2, cha cdm, tinh cdm, nhihig hinh me ngoai vi?c don doc tre hpc dnh, sy vi^c, hi?n tupng ddu tap thi nen khuySn khich va gin liln vdi cac rung dpng dpng vien tre, danh thdi gian tinh cdm cua cdc em Ngudi choi vcri tre va t§ng cho chiing ldn thyc sy cin quan tam den nhihig mdn choi chiing yfiu vi^c trd dang choi choi gi thich Vl du choi gh^p hinh vi d^ choi c6 the phan dnh ban dau chi la nhimg thao tac thd gidi tam h6n cua trd Ben vdi cdc mdnh ghep khdc canh nhftng tieu chi nhu cd ao Khi quen vdi tro choi do, trd toan khong, c6 phii hpp vdi CO the tao nen rat nhieu hinh Ida tuoi kh6ng thi choi thu khdc Roi trd lai biet va trd choi phdi giiip tre dupc kdt hop cac loai choi vdi Id minh, song hon nhidn, l^c Ngay nit$nblii 22/4/2012 • TAP CHI THIFT BI GIAO DUC - 5081-5/2012 NGHIEN c i r u & irNG DUNG H2: Do choi gl lip (re iheu del nhirng ir&c ma quan vd tao ndn nhimg nidm vui thich tuoi tho Do Id didu quan nhat! Do choi giiip tre bgc lo va giai toa cdm xuc Tinh cam ciia hpc sinh tieu hpc mang tinh cy thd true tiep vd luon gan lien vdi cdc sy vat hien tuong sinh dpng, rue rd Trd thudng thd hidn nhimg xiic cam cua minh mpt cdch gidn tidp ma ngudi ldn Igi cam thay that phdc tap va khd hidu Tre dau xiic cdm vao nhung hanh dpng, each cu xd, ldi an tidng noi hang vd nhihig liic choi dua, dac bi$t la cac trd choi gid tudng Sii dung dd choi giiip tre gpi tdn duyc nhihig xiic cdm va "ehuydn the" nhung xiic c a n dang rdt mo ho, khong ro hinh dung tri 6c tre nhu gian doi, budn ba, CO don, tui than, sy hai, ghen tiic duoc boc 16 ben ngoai hodc nhihig cdm xiic dang tidu cue trd choi din tmi bidn va tr6 ndn tich cue hon dp tu6i nay, tdm tri tre chua du siic hoa gidi mau thuin gifta cdc luong tinh cam trai chidu, ndn dupc "tra hinh" vao nhimg hoat dgng choi Trong nhimg hoat dpng choi do, trd 6m ap nang niu d6 choi, hay tnit gian, dap phd d6 choi ddu la each gidi toa nhung cam xuc mdu thudn npi tai khdng the didn dgt Didu c6 nghia ring choi viia cd thd mang lai cam xiic vua co thd giiip trd gidi toa cam xiic Th6ng qua hogt dpn^ choi vdi d6 chai, trd co thd didn lai hoan canh tfidt tung gdy cang thang tinh huong gia dinh an todn hon, dd trd co thd gidi tod cdm xiic buc bpi ngodi Khi trd CO thd bay t6 va gidi tod nhihig cdm xiic tieu cue, nhimg lo lang va so hai, nhung huydn hoac vd tudng tupng du tho, trd cd thd lam chu dupc nhihig cam xiic bdn than Tre coi choi nhu Id mpt ngudi bgn - mot ngudi bgn c6 thd bdn canh trd mpi liic, mpi noi; m6t ngudi bgn chi bilt ling nghe ma khong hd to khd chiu hay trdu diia tre; mpt ngudi ban ma thgm chi tre co the nang niu vui, thdf o bu^n, 6m i p di ngii va ciing co thd qudng, dd, ndm di cdu gian; mpt ngudi bgn tuy^t vdi phdi chiu dyng tat ca cdc cdm xiic tir trd nhung khong bao gid tu y rdi xa trd Liic ndy, ngudi ldn cin quan tam xdc dinh tam trgng cua trd de c6 nhdng can thi^p kjp thdi, giiip trd gidi tod nhdng buon phien, sy hai hay lo ldng Do chai khai day va vun dap tinh yeu thucmg a tre Khi trd Idn din ldn, d6 choi va gid chcfi cua trd gidm di ro r$t nhung nhihig nh|in thuc vl thi gidi xung quanh, cac moi quan h? ngdy cdng nhidu hon, da dang hon va ciing phiic tap hon Tinh cdm ciia trd tidu hpc kh6ng don thuan Id d6i vdi cha me, 6ng bd, anh chi em gia dinh nda md da md rpng va phat tridn hon nhu doi vdi cac hoat dpng nghe nghiep, trudng Idp, lang xdm, dat nudc Id thu tinh cam, tinh ydu thuong rpng Ion bdn egnh tinh cam gia dinh, Id tinh cam xa hpi Phdt trien tinh cdm xa hoi cho tre nham giiip hinh thdnh cho diia tre kha ndng cdm nhdn va bieu 16 cam xiic, hinh cho tre tinh cam gin bo vdi ngudi than, bidt nghe ldi va lam theo su chi dan cua nguai ldn, thiic day d trd tinh ty tin, tu lyc cac hogt dpng hang ngay; bidt cam nhdn cai dep cac sy vgt, hidn tupng xung quanh tre D6 choi kh6ng cht Id phuong ti$n giiip trd nhgn thdc md giiip tre hoa dong vdi the gidi xung quanh, biet cho di vd don nhgn tinh yeu thuong cua tit cd mpi ngucri D6 choi trudng thi gin vdi tro choi ndn thudng Id cac vat, dung cy don gidn (Id TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC • SO 81 - 5/2012 • NGHIEN CUu & UNG DUNG Q //J.' Cliti mc nhiin llidy vtui itiinjj hiion pliii-n in /(//;i,' cd, qud bdng) nhung Igi rat cin thiet de giiip trd to chdc tr6 chai Thong qua cdc hogt dpng tgp thi da giiip tre phat tridn vd tri nhgn thiic xa hpi, trd hpc dupc cdch phoi hpp hoat dpng vdi dd dat chung mpt muc dich, cdch ldm chu minh nhdm, hpc duac su chiu dung, sy cong bing va long vi tha, didu CO y nghia lan vi?c tri vd thdt chat tmh bgn Do choi ciia tre ddu Id qud tgng ma nhimg ngucri yeu thuong glii tdi trd ndn tre co thi nhd duac day la b^ t6 mau ba tdng hom smh r^gt, Id anh sidu nhan ong ba t^ng h6m trung thu, Id bO d6 hang me tang trd dupc didm tot Moi mon qud, moi mon choi ddu chiia dyng tinh cdm ciia mpi ngudi danh cho trd va gdn vdi ki ni$m ciia tre Qua d6 trd hgc dupc each bilt cm, bidt tran trgng, tham chi co nhihig tre c6n gift gin cdn than va nang niu nhihig m6n d6 choi ydu thich iy Theo y nghia do, chcri dong vai tro la cau noi tinh cdm dd tre gin bo hon vdi nhung ngudi thdn, vdi gia dinh "Hay dpy tre cdch cho di va don nhgn tinh yeu Khi bgn tin vao tinh yeu va lam tam gucmg cho cdi, chung se duQc dfnh hudn^ phdt triin lanh mgnh ve the chdt va xuat sac ve tinh than!" II Kit luSn Nhimg diia trd cua chiing ta dang thay doi timg ngdy, nhOng gi chiing dang Idm vdi choi ciing Id cdch chiing nghT vd hdnh xu cupe song bdn ngodi Neu nhu quan sdt thay hdnh vi cua chiing c6 van de thi ngudi Idn can c6 nhihig can thipp kjp thdi vd hpp If, trdnh lam t6n thuong din tre, ddc bidt Id su t6n thuong ve mdt cam xiic Tre tidu hgc van thich dupc cha m? 6m hgn, v6 vd vi chiing vdn s6ng thidn vd tinh cdm Do do, cha m? cdn nuoi duong vd tgo didu kipn dd tre dupc s6ng va cdm nhgn dupc tinh ydu thuang tii mgi ngudi va din ddt trd biet each dap lai nhimg tinh cdm ay mgt each dung dan va phii hyp Bdn egnh d6, ngudi ldn cin phdi hidu dupc m$t tich cyc va mdt tieu cyc ciia cdc logi d6 choi d6i vdi tre bdi mgt so choi c6 dnh hudng ddn tri ndo, tinh cdch, nhan each ciia tre ve sau Nhidu nghien cdu th6ng kd cho thay trd em thudng xuydn tilp xiic vdi cae d6 choi, phuong ti^n dipn td va nhihig tro choi bgo lue thi trd se lu6n c6 cdm gidc xung quanh minh liic ndo cung nguy hidm, ho^c trd se bj cam xiic chai li trudc nhihig hdnh vi bao lyc • TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DVC - SO 81 - 5/2012 Tdi lifu tham khdo Gido trinh "Tam li hpc dgi cuong", Thu vi?n tai li?u tryc tuyln Vi^t Nam (http://tailieu.vn/xem-tailieu/giao-trinh-tam-ly-hocdai-cuong-.284788.html) http://nt-foundation, c om/index php?opti on=com_ content&task=vtew&id=693 Summary The article is result of reseaches on impact of toys to the emotion of the primary students Regarding physiological psychology of primary students on physical body, activities and hving envuonment, development of cognitive process (intellectual development), emotional development and personality of the primary students, the reseach team analyzed and come up with initial results: Toys help children to have optimistic minds; Toys help children to express feeling and release stress; Toys help children to build up and keep loving feeling Besides, the research team warns: Our children are changing from day to day and what they have been doing to toys reflects what they think and behave m daily hfe Adults should have tunely and appropriate interventions; avoid any vulnerability to children, especially emotional vulnerability if we find out problems in their behavior ... giiip tre bgc lo va giai toa cdm xuc Tinh cam ciia hpc sinh tieu hpc mang tinh cy thd true tiep vd luon gan lien vdi cdc sy vat hien tuong sinh dpng, rue rd Trd thudng thd hidn nhimg xiic cam