VIllTRllGUAOIlGDUGTBONGGIlGTRIfllllGDAIIiOG 6 VIET NAM HIEN NAY Q TS NGUYJN TH| THQ* 1 Sinh thdi, Cho tjeh Hd Chi Minh dfle bl|t auon tdm din sy nghl|p gido dye (GD) Ngudi idng djnh, GD phdl todn di|n[.]
VIllTRllGUAOIlGDUGTBONGGIlGTRIfllllGDAIIiOG VIET NAM HIEN NAY Q TS NGUYJN TH| THQ* Sinh thdi, Cho tjeh Hd Chi Minh dfle bl|t phuong phdp ihl, kllm tra theo hudng hl|n dgl; uon tdm din sy nghl|p gido dye (GD) Ngudi ndng coo chdt lupng GD todn dl|n, dOc bi|t eol idng djnh, GD phdl todn di|n, Bde chi rd: GD trpng GD If tudng, GD truyin thdng Ijch su cdch phdi phyc vy dudng Idl eOo Ddng vd Chinh phO, mpng, OD, Idl song, ndng lye sdng tpo, kr ndng gdn filn vdi sdn xudt vd ddl song nhdn ddn thyc ndnh, tdc phong cdng nghl|p, y thue trdoi vi|e GD vd hpc tdp phdl chu trpng du cdc nhi|m xd hdl"(2) mdt, dpo due (DD) edeh mpng, gidc ngd xd h§l Nhu vdy, djnh hudng cOa Ddng to v | GD-DT cho nghTa, vdn hdo, kT thudi, loo ddng sdn xudt tinh hinh mdl dd cho thdy vl|c GDDD, Is Cdn xdc djnh rd eho ngudi hpe myc dich cOo sdng, If tudng sdng cho HS, SV Id mdt nhi|m vy vi|e hpc tdp Id: «Hpc d l Idm vl|e, ldm ngudi, quon trpng e h l ^ lupc GD hl|n Mdl Idm edn bd- Hpe d l phyng sy dodn thi, gial cdp, mdn hpc, mdl khoa hpc ddng gdp mdt phdn quan nhdn ddn, Td qudc vd nhdn lopl" Ngudi xdc trpng nhdt djnh vdo vl|c ddo tpo, phdt trlln todn Anh: GD phdl quan tdm din cd «ldr vd dl|n ngudi, dd GOOD ddng gdp mdl «due", Idm soo d l «ldl'' vd «duc" dupe v^n todn phdn khdng nhd Ddo tpo nhijng ngudi cdng Bde day: «Cd tdl md khdng ed due Id ngudi vd ddn vua «hdng", vua «chuyln", vOa cd «duc', dyng, ed due md khdng cd tdl thi Idm v l ^ gi vffa cd «tdl" ddp ung yiu cau cua sy nghl|p ddl cung khd" Nhu vdy, tu tudng Hd Chi Mirih mdl ddt nude, ndl nlidp vd phdt trlln nhu h l ^ 0 Td quan trpng, gido dye dpo due (GDDD) Id Id nhl|m vy cOo ngdnh GD ndl rllng vd todn cdn thilt vd sud't ddi Quo dd cho chung to thdy, xd hdl ndi chung Xd hdl cdng phdt triin, blln cdng Idc GOE>D ed mdt ^ nghTo hit sue quan trpng ddl, cOng vdi ddl hdl cOo sy nghl|p GD todn nhdm ddo tpo nhffng ngudi vua «hdng", vdo dl|n thi vai trd cOo due di/c k?i cdng cdn dtjgc «ehuyen", gdp phdn xdy dyng md^ xd hdl H^n ddc bl|t quan tdm bd, cdng bdng, ddn chO, vdn minh Due dye Id mdt qud trinh Idu ddl vd xuySn Xudt phdt to lu tudng Hd Chi Minh v l DO, sud't cudc ddl euo mdl eon ngudi, K> GDE© vd tu thye tlln Ijch su eOo ddl nude, ed thi cdp sdch tdl trudng (vd ed trudc dd nffa) i h ^ rdng, vdn d l GD-DT eon ngudi phdt trlln mdl ngudi dd dupe cdm thy qud Irlnh due di/c todn dl^n; Due - Tri - Thi - MT dd dupe ddt ro h> quo Idl ru cOa bd, cOa m?, qua Idl dpy bdo cua Idu, song hl|n Ipi Ipi cdng edn thilt hon boo gid nhffng ngudi \dr\ gia atnh, qua nhi>ng bdl hit Vdn kl$n Dpi hdl Ddng todn qudc Idn thff XI hpc tff thdy ed Cdng tl^n din nhffng bde hpc da n&u rd: «Ddl mdl cdn bdn, todn dl|n nln GD coo hon thi vol trd cOa nhffng tri thffc DD cdng theo hudng ehudn hdo, hi|n dpi hdo, xd hdl hdo; dupe khdng djnh Khi eon ngudi trudng ihdnh, ddl mdl chuong Irlnh, ndl dung, phuong phdp hopt ddng nghl nghi$p nhffng rnih vyc dpy vd hpc; ddl mdl co chi qudn If GD, phdt khdc thi ddc dt^c lal dupe thi hi|n sdu sdc tri&i ddl ngu gido vl6n vd edn bd qudn ll GD-OT ddl vdi tOng ngdnh nghl cy thi nhdt djnh md Tdp trung ndng coo chdt lupng GD-OT, col trpng ngudi to gpl Id DD nghi nghlip Xd hdl cdng GDE>0, Idl sdng, ndng lye sdng tpo, kr ndng thyc vdn ddng, Dlln ddl, phdt trlln, nhllu ngdnh nghl hdnh" (1) Trong Chlln lupc ddl mdi cdn Mn vd xudt hl|n, phdt triin thi DO nghl nghl|p Ipi cdng todn di§n GD ddo tpo hl|n Odng to xdc d|nh: cdn dupe cho trpng «Thyc hl$n ddng bd ede gidl phdp phdt trlln vd Hi|n nay, d mdt sd trudng dpi hpc, due dye ndng coo chdt lupng GD-OT Ddl mdl chuong trinh, ndl dung, phuong phdp dpy vd hpc, • Khoa TrMt Me - Tramg 091 l9C tf P M I lU NO! a Tap chi Blip due s6 (id i - io/a«iji dd ed nhung eho dOng nhd't djnh trpng chuong trinh hpe, trd thdnh mdn hpc bdt bupc vdi sd don vi hpc trinh khd coo, qud trinh due dye dupe thye hi?n gdn vdi tinh ddc thu n g h l n g h l i p cOa tung trudng, tung ngdnh hpc (Vi d y , d trudng Dpi hpe Qudn trj kinh doonh, SV duoc hpe Dpo due kinh doanh; Dpi hpc Y, SV dupe hpc Dpo ddc cua ngdnh Y (y ddc euo ngudi bde sT); Opl hpe An Ninh, Hpe vl^n Cdnh sdt nhdn ddn, SV hpc DD nghi nghlip - DD cOa ngudi cdng an ) Tuy nhten, d khd n h l l u trudng dpi hpe, mdn hpc ndy chua dupe col trpng dung muc, c6 nhffng trudng Irong chuong trinh khdng cd mon Dpo dffc hpc [mdn hgc ddng val trd quan trgng GDDD tri/c tlip cho SV), n h l l u SV khi' dupe hdl khdng b l i t «le sd'ng", «luong tdm", «nghTa v y " Id gi Thdm ehi d nhffng trudng dot hpc Idn nhu Dpi hpc su phpm Hd Npl hay Dpi hpc Khoa hpc xd hdi vd nhdn vdn khdng phdl SV td't cd cdc khoa deu dupe hpc mdn Dpo due hgc Vd d nhung khoa cd hpc thi chuong trinh hpc cung chua cd sy thdng nhd't ve ndl dung Hon ni>a, dpi ngu gidng day mdn Dgo due hoe dupe ddo tpo dung ehuyen ngdnh Id khdng nhleu, chi Id klem nhl§m hodc chuyin tu nhffng ehuyen ngdnh khdc sang Trong d d mdn Dpo due hgc Id mpt Wioa hpe, cd lich su hinh thdnh, ed dd'l tupng nghldn cuu rdt ro ret, doi hdl phdl cd nhijng nghlin cuu chuyin sdu de khai thdc h i t nhffng ndi dung cOa mdn hpe, de truyin tdl eho cdc the he HS Q u o thyc te gidng day mdn Dgo due hgc d trudng Dpi hpc su phqm Hd N d i , chOng tdi thdy rdng, duoc hpe mon Dgo due hgc, nhleu SV rd't thich thu, ed nhung SV thdng quo bdl hpc, thdng qua mol phpm tru, moi nguyen tdc DD dd cd nhffng suy tu, nhung trdn trd, suy nghT v l glo dinh, q u i huong, ddt nude, ve trdeh nhiem eOo bdn thdn r ^ tich eye Cd nhung g i d hpe, thdng qua nhung hinh dnh, nhung cdu chuyin E>D, nhung hign tupng OD x d ndi d d thyc sy cd fde ddng den the gldl quon cuo SV, d d tpo ro nhung g i d hoc cd y nghTa «duc dye" rdt Idn, nhleu SV mong mud'n dupe hpc n h l l u hon nffa nhung g i d Dgo due hgcdi h l l u t h i m v l ludn thudng dpo If, dpo nghTa d ddl Viet Nam dong chuyin ddl n l n kinh te tu CO c h i tap trung, boo cd'p song kinh t l thj trudng djnh hudng x d hdl chO nghTo Tdc dpng hoi mdt cOo kinh t l thj trudng dang Idm thoy doi nhilu ehudn myc OD, d l l u chinh cdc hdnh vi ed nhdn, ddc b l i t Id iheh^ tre; nhleu b l l u hl^n cOo sy xudng edp v l mdt DD dang d l l n ro glo dinh, nhd trudng vd xd hdl N h l l u HS, SV c6 Idl sdng budng thd, dn ehol, dua ddl, khdng quan tdm den trdeh nhi^m cOo bdn thdn ddl vdi glo dinh vd xd hdl, sdng it ude mo, hodI bdo Ldl sd'ng thye dyng, duo ddl vdt chd't, dl theo sy cdm d5 cOo ddng t l l n , chd dpp l i n ludn li, quay lung Ipi vdi nhffng gid trj DD truyin thd'ng dong ngy trj d khdng ft ngudi Ode blet, nhffng ndm gdn ddy tinh trpng bpo lye hpc dudng dong ed chllu hudng glo tdng vd gdy n l n nhffng hdl chudng ednh bdo eho sy xud'ng cd'p v l E>D gldi t r i Xu hudng lya chpn n g h l nghidp cOo HS, SV eOng dong cd sy thay ddl Thoy cho vile lya ehpn nhffng ngdnh n g h l dupe hi sinh, cdng h l l n n h l l u cho xd hdl Id vl^e lya chpn nhffng ngdnh n g h l k l l m ro nhllu t l l n sou ro trudng Dung trudc Hnh hinh dd, thdm nhudn nhffng Idl day cOo ChO tjeh Hd Chf Minh v l DD, tu vol trd, vj tri eOo due di^c sy n g h l i p GD-DT chOng to thdy rdng cung vdi vl§c «luy#n tdl" eho HS, SV, thi « r l n due" Id vd cOng quon trpng V i , Bde Hd dd tung ndl: «C6 tdl md khdng cd due Id ngudi vd d y n g / C d due md khdng cd tdi thi Idm vide gi cung khd" Nhl^m vy cOa GD ndl chung, cOa ede trudng dp) hpc, cOa ddl ngu nhd gido ndl rleng Id khdng chi GD SV vuon l i n c h l l m iTnh nhffng gid trj cao quy, nhffng tfnh hoo cuo lodi ngudi vd eOo ddn tdc; glup t h i h i tre ddn ddn ldm ehO kho tdng tri thue vdn hda cOo nhdn lopl; trou ddl eho the h i t r i mdt vdn hieu blet v l khoa hpe, kT thudt ca bdn, t h i l t thyc, vffng ehde; r i n luyen eho cdc em nhffng kT ndng loo ddng vd thye hdnh; md ddc b l i t b i n conh dd edn edn phdl GD eho ede em If tudng sd'ng, DO edeh mpng, tfnh ygu ngudi, y i u n g h l de ede em trd thdnh nhffng ngudi chO tuong lal thye sy cuo ddt nude D l Viet Nam hpl nhqp sdnh vai dupe vol ede nude trSn t h i gldi; d l too dupe mdt Idp ngudi ed khdt vpng mdnh lilt xdy dyng ddt nude gidu mpnh, ed phdm chdt vd Idl song euo the h i \rh Vl€t t^bm hlen dpi nhu Vdn klen E)al hdl E)dng todn qudc Idn tho XI dd d l ra, edn ehO '^ nhllu hon nuo den vol trd, vj tri cOo due dye cdc h\fdng hpc D l Idm dupe nhuvpy, phdl duo mdn Dpo(?(5c/ipchdthdnh mdt mdn hpc bdt bude chuong trinh hpc cuo cdc trudng dpi hpe, cao ddng • Tap chi Glao due s6 (kn-io/aoia) (Xem tiip trang 2d) tdt vd chit vi tdi? Cd al khdng? Cd Id hodng di eua tdi? COng Id thin h> cOa tdi? Al Id tdm phOc vdi tdi? Ld hi vgng cOa tdl? COng Id dfa ngvc eOa tdl?" (3; h.97) Cd Id nghl nghlip khdng Idm cho ngudi song trpng Idn md chfnh ngudi mdl tgo nln cdc gid hj ciSa minh Khi xd hdi thilu dl nhffng ehudn myc gid h'j hodc eon ngudi rol vdo khung khodng nllm Kn thi sy hodl nghl Id Id td'l y i u Khdng phdl )ii\i, cffng khdng phdi td'l; vffo cdm ghdt, sp hdl vffa cdm phyc qud Id mdt trpng thdi Idm l( phuc tpp, ddl nghjch thdt khd cdt nghTo Phdl chdng, hinh tugng Truong Chi Id hinh dnh sinh d | n g , dn dy v l bl kjch dd, cffng Id tdm sy sdu kin cffa nhd vdn, ba Idn vidn quan hvdng bdo Truong Chi hdt: Ldn thff nhdt: «Hdt ca nggi cdng danh di', l i n thff h a l ; «Hdf vi st/ nhin nhvc', Idn thff bo: «Hdt ca nggl tlin bge di' Ca ngpi N h l n nhyc N l u vdn chuong chi d l nhdn nhyc, d l ca ngpi cdng danh Kin bpc thi dd Id thu vdn chuong «thd bl', nhu m|t sy nhdn nhyc «di hdn"; «Chua bao gid chdng hdt mil bdi hdt thd b! nhu thi Bdl hdt ch! todn «iy a' vdi Igi «huiy dd' Bdl hdt ddng ngudi' (3; h-.312) vd«Cd chi cdn bdt chudc tiing chd sOa, tiing gd cvc tde, tiing d% kiu nffa Bdi hdt ddng ngudi' (3; ^.313) NguySn Huy Thi^p vllt v l sd phdn bl kjch cOo ngudi rd't dm dnh, ddy ehd't tho Ndl nhu NguySn Ddng Didp, h^c gid dd d l cho «ngudn mpch trff Hnh rin trdn nhffng thd dd trdn tye effo cudc ddl, Igo ndn mdl thff huong ridng, phdng phdt nhung khdng t h i thilu" (4) Vd nhdvdy «vdn NguySn Huy Thl|p mS hodc ngudi Uide, vd cdc cdy but khde khd Idng b i t chirde dng bdi khd ndng tpo ndn sy cheo leo, chdnh vdnh glffo cde eye ddi Idp, glffo cde md ngdn ngff khdc nhou, glua Knh trd chol vd nhffng y ludng sdu xo suy lu v l ddl sdng" (4) Cho d i n hdm nay, sy tronh tudn v l NguySn Huy Thi^p vdn ehuo d i n fill kit D i l u ddng qu^ d NguySn Huy Thi|p Id Idng dffng cdm Dffng cdm nhln vdo sy t h | l d l hinh bdy hidn thyc dung theo nhffng gl minh thdy, nhffng gi minh nghT Tdc phdm cua dng dd cho ta thdy rdng «Cudc sd'ng nhu m$l ddng sdng, cd cd sy Irong Hnh khill d i n ngd ngdng cffa nirdc, ed ed rde rudl dong trdl" (4) Vd h> dd « dng glup chdng to hllu hon v l nude, v l rde bdng m | l cdl nhln tinh tdo vd sdu sdc Tu dd dng thue finh mdt khao khdt, bd rde dl to sd gdp sy h'do cOo ddng sdng" (4) Nhffng suy h;, trdn Ird mang d | m y i u td trff Hnh ciJa nhd vdn v l thdn ph|n vd Hnh ydu, thl|n vd de, sdng vd tdl, cao thupng vd thdp hdn, ngudi vd qujf bdn ngudi khiln chOng to cd t h i kit ludn rdng NguySn Huy Thilp dd vllt dupe nhffng dng vdn «cgldn d| vd trung thyc v l ngudi" • (1) Ph^m Xufln NguyCn (suu tAm vh bifin so«n) Dl tim Nguyin Huy Thi^p NXB Van hda thdng tin, H 2001 (2) U B& mn - TrAn Dinh SO Tddl^nthuft ngU-vfin hpc H 2007.tr 18 (3) Nguydn Huy Thi^p Tfp tniyfn ngln NXB H^i nhd vdn, H 2005 (4) Nguy£n DSng Di(p "CuO'n theo chi^u van Nguyfin Huy Thifp" T?p chf Vdn h(>c, 18/5/2009 SUMMARY NguySn Huy Thl^'s stories Inceasantty concern for the meaning of life, the cttaracters In his short stories usually feel lonely He always wondeo; Can people understand people? Why are ttie good usuatyrrtiserable and unhappy? And he always shows tds point: tragedy Is a result of an unsuccesful desire, or It Is the contradiction between desire and reality The article mentkined Nguyin Huy Thi^s concern fyf the above matter Val tro cua dire dye (Tiip theo hang 9} Tdlli^utbamkhAo D&ng C^ng s&n Vi^t Nam Vfln klfn Dfl W dfi bIJu tofln qutfc lin thd'XL Nxb Chlnh trf quia gia • Sit thdi, a 2011, ti4\ D&ng COng sin Viet Nam Vfin kifn D9I b^i dfi biia todn qutfc Ifln thd XI Nxb Chtnh trf qudc gia Sifthdh a 20U,V2\6 SUMIUIARY Ethnics and moral education play an extremely important role for the deveki^xnent of tvjman beings as well as society In general and in VietrKim in particukjr It Is proven In Ho CN h^nh ttiought and the actual situation of history Vietnamese commur^ Peaty orientation of education and trc^rdryg^ the new sltuatkjn also clea/ty confirmed tt)klxot3lem.itowever, moral education has rmtbeen met the requirement In new situatton at present time in almost ur^versltles Therefore, the artkle focuses on reaffirming ttie role of moral educatk>n In university, and pointing out ttie solutions to Improve the effecttv&iess tormorc^educatton in present day Vietnamese universities ' Tap chifilaodue $6 (ki i • lo/aoia) ... g h l de ede em trd thdnh nhffng ngudi chO tuong lal thye sy cuo ddt nude D l Viet Nam hpl nhqp sdnh vai dupe vol ede nude trSn t h i gldi; d l too dupe mdt Idp ngudi ed khdt vpng mdnh lilt... 9} Tdlli^utbamkhAo D&ng C^ng s&n Vi^t Nam Vfln klfn Dfl W dfi bIJu tofln qutfc lin thd''XL Nxb Chlnh trf quia gia • Sit thdi, a 2011, ti4\ D&ng COng sin Viet Nam Vfin kifn D9I b^i dfi biia todn... dung ehuyen ngdnh Id khdng nhleu, chi Id klem nhl§m hodc chuyin tu nhffng ehuyen ngdnh khdc sang Trong d d mdn Dpo due hgc Id mpt Wioa hpe, cd lich su hinh thdnh, ed dd''l tupng nghldn cuu rdt ro