sir DUNG PHiriTNG PHAP DAY HOC TRONG DAI GIANG U C MON KHOA HOC XA HOI VA NHAN VJini 0 OAI HOC HIBI NAY Q ThS NGUYEN CHl N H A N '''' Trong Ijch si) vd hiin nay, bdi gidng vSn Id ninh thue id ehdc day hp[.]
sir DUNG PHiriTNG PHAP DAY HOC TRONG DAI GIANG U C MON KHOA HOC XA HOI VA NHAN VJini OAI HOC HIBI NAY Q T rong Ijch si) vd hiin nay, bdi gidng vSn Id ninh thue id ehdc day hpc co bdn d cdc trudng dpi hpc (DH) N d cd vol trd to k5n v l ^ bj kiln thue nin tdng cOo mSl mdn hpe; td' ehik r^n luy$n tu sdng tpo, r6n luyin kr ndng hopt ddng tri t u | ; ddng thdi djnh hudng cho cdc hinh thue dpy hpe khdc vd gdp phdn djnh hudng sp hinh thdnn f h l quan, phuong phdp ludn khoa hpc, dpo dde, phdm chdt n g h i nghilp eho ngudi hpc Tuy nhlfin, d l phdt huy tdt vol trd dd cdn cd phuong phdp dpy hpe (PPDH) PPDH vd ede phuong tl$n dpy hpc (PTDH) hl|n dpi Xdc ^ n h n$l dung dpy hpc gdn l i l n vdi vl|c thltft ki, lpa chpn PPDH, PTDH phO hpp PPDH ludn hpp vdi n$I dung, n$l dung ndo PPDH dy, khdng cd PPDH vpn ndng cho mpi n^l dung d ^ hpc khdc Do vdy, d l thudn k^i cho vl|c thilt k l , lpa chpn PPDH, cdn phdn Kch n^l dung m$t cdch khoo hpc Tu phdn tfch ndi dung kit hpp li;a chpn, thilt k l PPDH hpp, d ^ Id dilm md'u < ^ t ^ | c Ipo chpn PPDH dd dupe cdc gidng vidn (GV) qudn triltvd Id chuc thpe h l ^ Bdt cd qud trinh dpy hpc ndo cung diln ro khodng thdi gian vd khdng glon xdc djnh, sudt thdi glon dd ludn cd sp tdc ddng qua lpl, phdi hpp, cdng tdc cOa cd ngudi dpy vd ngudi ftpc Qud trinh thpc hl^n, cdc G V dd nhdn rd de, xdc dinh rd trpng tdm, trpng dilm u mdi don vj kiln thuc dd xdy dpng thdnh ede vdn d l dpy hpe CM f h l vd tdp trung vdo gidl quylt cdc vdn d l dd bdng cdc PPDH phO hpp, PTDHhS trp ed hl|u qud Quo dd, glOp ngudi hpe nh^n thdc dupe cdc vdn d l hpc tdp m^t edeh Ilnh hopt, da dpng, phO hpp vdi quy fudt tu duy; phdt huy Tw Chi fil6o due s6 (id i • •/lou) ThS N G U Y E N C H l N H A N ' dupc khd ndng sdng tpo, kich thich mpnh mi ttnh tich cpc hpc ldp cuo SV, gdp phdn ndng coo chdt lupng dpy hpc Thi^t ki, lpa chpn PPDH, PTDH theo cdc dpng hinh thdc dqy hpc dd xdc djnh Cdn cu vdo npl dung gidng dpy d l lpa chpn PPDH, khdi qudt cd bo dpng kiln thdc co bdn: kiln thuc If thuyit; kiln thuc kT ndng hdnh ddng (thpe hdnh, thdo lupn); kiln thuc kinh n g h l ^ hopt ddng sdng tpo fC/ln thuc ll thuyit (ISn Idp If thuyit): Id dpng kiln thuc md ndi dung day hpc chu y l u Id ede khdi nl|m, phpm trO, nguyin If, dupc trtnh bdy eho y l u bdng thuyit trinh kit hpp vdi PTDHtn/e quon Bdng tnpe tiln gidng day, chOng tdi thdy rang, nlu ehf ddng Ipi d thuyit trinh thudn fOy thi kit qud Id ngudi hpc cOng chF dung lpl d muc bill dupe, nhd dupe, cao hon Id hieu dupe cdc kiln thuc li thuyit dd D l kiln thuc li thuyit phdt triln thdnh kT ndng, ngudi hpc bilt vQn a^ng nhiTng kiln thuc If thuyet vdo nhung finh hudng, hodn cdnh thpc tiln Vi v^v, ddl hdl ngudi dpy phdi thilt k l , lpa chpn mdt h$ thdng PPDH gidng npp If, nhu: kit hpp thuyit trinh vdi niu vdn d l ; sd dvng ede PPDH ddm thopi; khdi ddng trf tu$; gpi md, djnh hudng; nhdm hpe tdp, v.v Klin thiJC kindng hdnh d^ng (thdo ludn, thpc hdnh): Id n^l dung dpy hpc tdp hpp cdc thao tdc liin l^t, gdn bd vdi nhou theo m$t trdt nhdt dinh phpc vp cho thpc hi^n cdc hdnh d$ng nhdm gidi quylt cdc vdn d l hpe tdp ddt ro Trin co sd dd glOp ngudi hpe ndm dupc kr ndng hdnh d$ng cd CO sd d l gidl quylt cdc finh hudng hopt ddng thpc tiln sou ndy D l bj cho ngudi hpc nhOng ki ndng hdnh ddng, ngodi cdch td chde cho ngudi hpc v^n di^ng frl thi>c ii thuyit vdo finh hudng, hodn cdnh, cdn phdi td ehdc eho ngudrt hpc odng vol, tilp edn vdi cdc nghi nghi&p md sou ndy hp s€ thpe hi$n ' I f c i i N Chub tli Vi vdy, thpc hien cdc bdi thdo ludn, thuc hdnh ydu edu ddu tien ddi vdi cdc GV Id phdi biin sopn dupc bdi gidng thdo ludn, thpc hdnh dung quy djnh, ddm bdo phdn dnh dupe khd ndng vdn dvng tithuy^vdo finh hudng, phdi xdy dung dupc ede vdn oe, cdc finh hud'ng bupc ngudi hpc phdi ddng vol de xu li Phdn k^n cdc GV chua quon tdm su dyng nhilu PPDH khdc nhou cho tung ndi dung bdi gidng, von cdn ndng ve thuy^ trinh thudn fOy, ft finh trpe quon, mlnh hpa, kiln thuc thpc tien cdn it nen finh thuyit phuc (hua coo; - Vi^c si> dyng PTCW chua ddp ung dupc nhu cdu ddl mdi PPDH, trinh dp su dyng PTDH hiin dpi edn hpn c h l , thilt k l Kiin thOc ve kinh nghi&n hogt ddng sdng tgo: ndi dung dpy hpc tren PTDHcdn don diiu, khd Id mdt kxal ndi dung day hpc rdf cdn thief ^ i vdi ndng khdi qudt chuo cao, thdm chi edn mong SV iNlgudi hpe ndm dupc kinh nghiem hopt ddng Knh ddl phd sdng Ipo ehinh Id mdt nhung mgc tliu co Tdt cd nhung hpn c h l h-in ddn d i n vi^c Hip bdn cuo qud trinh day hpc Loai npi dung ndy thu frl thue eOo SV d finh trpng rdi roc, khdng h§ khdng thi diln dpt ddy du, ehfnh xdc bdng ngdn thd'ng, muc dp nong sdu tung don vj kiln thi^c ngu, Ichdng thi phdn chia thdnh nhung kT ndng, ehua bdm sdt myc lieu day hpc D i l u dd xud't bdl nd chi bdc Id bdng hopt dpng su p^pm vd phdt ti> nguyin nhdn khdng ddnh gid dung hl$u kinh nghi&m thuc le eua ngudi dpy, qua dd ngudi qud cOo PPDH ddi vdi ti>ng ndi dung dpy hpe hpc cdm nhpn vd tiep thu qua phong thdi, Knh cy f h l ; sue y cuo vifc su dyng cdc PPDH h'uyin mau mpe su ph^n, khd ndng dien dpt, cdch thuyit thd'ng; ngpl ddu tu cdi tien, ddl n>dl PPDH, phi^ ngudi bdng cdc sp kiin thpc tiln cuo chung mpe thudng hay 66 loi cho hodn cdnh; nguOrt thdy Dilu ndi lin phdm chdt vd ndng trinh dd vdn dpng vd khoi thdc cdc PTDH cdn Ipe su phpm, ndng Ipc thpc Kin cua GV tdc ddng hpn ehl trpe t l ^ d ^ vi?c hinh thdnh PPDH hpc tpp cho SV D l khdc phyc nhung hpn c h l , theo chung Mpnh dan sd dpng cdc PPDH Kch cpc hdo hopt ddng hpc ldp cuo ngudi hpc, su dpng hop If cdc PTDH hl$n dpi Vdi myc tliu ndng coo chdt luqmg dpy hpc, dpi ngu GV dd niu coo y thuc trdch nhiim, vdi Hnh thdn quylt tdm Irong nghiin cuu xdy dpng npl dung, fhllf k l PPDH vd Kch epc hpe tdp si> dgng thdnh thpo cdc PTDH hi$n dpi vdo gidng dpy, bude ddu dd Idm quen vdi ede PPDH tiin Kin, cdc bdl thdo ludn, thpc hdnh, dd mpnh dpn ihi^ k l v d nin hdnh bdng hinh thuc dpy hpe nhdm Cdc khoo, Bd mdn, GV dd thd'ng nhdt xdy dpng k?l npl dung cuo lung bdi gidng, ddp ung y i u cdu thdng tin nhCrng don vj k l ^ thuc co bdn (dm CO sd eho SV f i ^ Ipe nghien cuu vd hpe sou ndy Vi f h l , dd gidm bdl thdi gian thuyit trinh, tdng cudng dupe «Knh vdn de* tpo nen tfnh ehu dpng cho SV qud trinh hpc tap, r i n luy^n eho SV tdng cudr^ khd ndng lu dpe lap vd sp hpp tdc frong xu If gidl quyet finh hudng Qud trinh gidng dpy, phdn Idn cdc bdl gidng dd dupc t h i l t k l d l su dung PTDH h i i n dqi bdng Pov/erPoInt, phdn ndo da tdng cudng dupc tfnh trpe quon, too nen sp thu Hep nhdn Idin thuc Bin cpnh nhOng kit qud dpt dupc, nghiem tuc ddnh gid ehur>g fdl nhdn thdy cdn cd nhOng bdt cdp, hpn e h l nhu: - Viee dp dyng cdc PPDH cdn nghio ndn, don diiu Idm cho bdi gidng it Idi cudn dupc sp thu hpe top cOa SV; - fdl, cdn tdp trung glol quylt nhCrng vd'n d l co bdn sou: * Cdn cu vdo chuong trinh quy djnh khung cuo Bd GD-DT thd'ng nhd't xdy dpng chuong trinh, npi dung bdl hpc riieo cdc don vj kiln thue eo bdn, trin eo sd dd nghiin cdu xdy dpng ede finh hud'ng, vdn d l hpc IQp, xdc djnh cy t h i cdc PPDH dp dyng cho tung ndi dung dpy hpe, uu tiin cho viic si) dyng PPDH tiin t i l n ; - Tfch cpc ddl mdi phuong thuc ddo tpo vd hinh thuc id chuc hpe tpp cho SV, nghiin cuu d l xud't md hinh hpc tpp phdt huy vol trd tfch cpc, sdng too cOo SV, dd ehu trpng hinh thuc hpc theo nhdm, theo td, tdng cudng tfnh n i u vdn d l thuyit trinh, xd li ttnh hud'ng thdo ludn, thpc hdnh nhdm glOp cho SV hinh thdnh kT ndng ndi, vilt, r i n luy|n nghiip vy chuyin mdn, xdy dpng tdc phong hpe lap thief thpe ed hidu qud, too f h l chO ddng frong k l hopch hpe tpp cua SV Ddl mdi PPDH thuyit trinh, nhdt Id kit hpp thuyet trinh vdi n i u vdn d l , tdng cudng su dyng cdc PPDH phdt huy Knh tich cpc cOo SV; si> dyng hop If hinh thue hpe top nhdm frong qud Irinh thdo lupn; coi trpng cdc gid hpe thpc hdnh d l ren luyin kr ndng cho SV Ddm bdo su dyng PPDH gidng day phdi phu hpp vdi n$l dung qud trinh ehuyin tdi kiln thuc cho cdc doi tupng SV (Xem nip trang 40) Tap chi Slao due so (k* i • 4/aoiai nhilu phuong phdp vd hinh thuc id chuc d l hopt dpng cd vdn cua gidng viin mang lpl kit qud tdt nhdt Vi dy, cd t h i su dyng phuong j ^ d p thuyet hrinh, gidng gidi de hudng dan SV ndm vimg tdm quon hpng vd hilu dOng cdc khdi niim A quy c h l ddo tpo, chuong h-inh ddo tpo Ngodi ro, cd the su dyng phuong phdp phdng vd'n, trd chtiyin, quan sdt, onket vd nghien cuu li ludn d l \u vdn dr\o SV cdch thuc xdy dung ke hopch hpc Ipp vd phuong phdp hpc ldp hpp If; hudng dan SV ddng kf hpc phdn, tham gio cdc hopt ddng hpc thudt, nghiin cuu khoo hpc; tu vdn hudng nghiip vd viic Idm cho SV hay giup dd SV gidl quylt nhi/ng khd khdn hpc tdp, nghiin cuu Wioa hpc Gidng vien cd i h l id chik CVHT cho SV cho y l u thdng quo hinh thuc: h/ vdn hvc h i p (tham dl/ budi hpp Idp, budi ngopl khda, sinh hoot, gido luu ) hodc h/vd'n gidn tilp (qua dja chl email, diin thopi hodc cdn cu vdo kit qud hpc tdp, so y l u li Ijch cOa tOng SV ) Trong hopt ddng ddo dpo theo hpc che Hn chi, NLCVhTT cua gidng viin cd dnh hudng hvc tilp d i n kit qud hpc lap cOo SV, d i n k l h o p ^ ddo hpo cOa nhd hudng cung nhu chdt lupng gido dye Do vpy, cdn cd nhirng bien phdp phO hpp de ndng coo NLCVHT cho gidng viin d cdc trudng coo ddng vd dpi hpc Mudn dua cong hSc CVHT sdm dl vdo dn Anh vd hopt ddng cd h l ^ qud, cdc trudng coo ddng, dpi hpc cdn quon tdm hon ni/a tdi v i ^ ndng coo NLCVHT cho gidng viin, cy t h i Id: - Cdn xdy dt/ng quy hrinh cdng hie CVHT m^t cdch khoo hpe, dong thdi phdi td chuc Ipi i^ng tdc chO nhiim kich biet vdi cdng tdc CVHT; - Td chik cdc ldp bdi dudng kr ndng CVHT cho cdc gidng viin nhdm ndng coo NLCVHT cho gidng viin; - CVHT cdn ndm vimg myc Hiu gido dye, ndi dung, chuong trinh ddo tpo, quy che cua Bp GD-DT; thudng xuyin cdp nhdt nhi/ng thay ddi, bd sung quy e h l , quy dinh, ndi quy d l ed t h i h/ vdn, ho trp, giup SV hxxig qud trinh hpc tdp rin luyen h?i trudng; - CVHT phdi thudiig xuyin ddi mdi tu duy, ddi mdi cdch thuc Idm viic ddc bift ddl mdi phuong phdp vd hinh thuc td chuc cd vdn d l gdp phdn ndng coo chdt lupng gido dye Q Tdi lif u tham khdo BO GD-DT Quy ch/ddo t^d^lhocvd cao ddng hf chinh quy theo h( thSng tin chi (ban hdnh tlieo Quyfii dmh stf43/2007/QD- BGDDT ngdy 15/8/2007) 2- Tmdng Dai hpc Cdn Tho //(Ji nghi "dng cao vai trd cSv&n hoc tdp Cin Tho, thfing 6/2011 Nguyfin Kim Son "DSo tao tin chi giiip sinh viftn nang dOng" http://wwu-vlcvn ngky 26/01/1011 SUMMARY Currently, training credits is one type of training Is being applied mff>ecoBeges and universities Advisory capacity of teacher pkjys a very important r&e, helping students understand the training plan, program selection arta arrangement reasonable learning time, so for this form of training is highly effective, teactiers mist ciyxjse ttie mettiods,forms.consiMtmg as appro filiate Sir dung phinrng phap fTlip theo trang 34) Tiiudng xtiyin bdi duong h'lnh dd nghiip vy su phpm, nhdt Id cdc G V h-i, ndng coo ndng lyc h/ hpc, ddu h/ ngudn kiln thi>e ndng cao ndng l^c su phpm, kl ndng si) dyng PTDH hiin dpi, ndng coo hinh d$ vd kl thudt ifiilt k l bdi gidng bdng chuong hinh PowerPoint Tdng cudng sO dyng ede thiet bj day hpe hd trp vd dp dyng edng nghi thdng Hn vd truyin thdng mdi eho hoot d$ng dpy hpe Ddng bd vdi ddi nf>di PPDH cdn ddu h/ hon nCia ddi mdi PPDH ddnh gid chdt lupng hpe tdp cua SV Idm co sd d l edi H ^ cdch dgy, c6d\ hpe khoi dpy h'nh h/ hpe, h/ nghiin cuu, tinh sdng tpo vd ehu ddng cOa SV Q TM Ufu tham khio D&ng COng sin Vi^t Nam VSn klf n D^i h^i D i n g to&n qudc l^tbiirX NXB Chinh trf qudc gia,H.2006 Ding COng sin Vi$t Nam Vfln ki^D D9I hOi D i n g l o i n qntfc l i n thu XI NXB Chfnh tri qud'c gia -S\t fft(lr.H.2011 D9ng Th&nh Hung D^y b^c hifD d^i U luin bifn p h i p kl I h u i t NXB Dpi hoc qu6c gia, H.2002 Nguyfin Ky niinnig p h i p d?y hpc t k h cvc NXB Gidod^c, H 1994 Phan Thj Hdng Vinh P h i n n g pliip day hpc giio AMC hpc NXB Dftihocsuphfim, H.2007 SUMMARY Based on a ttxxough grasp of the Resolutions of Communist Party of Vietnam, ffifcpqpef assassessome achievements in using teaching mettKxis of lectunng on social sciences OTd ttumamties at unlverstty today Besides, it inaicates ttie inadequacy and shortcomk)gs whereby tt>eautt>orrecommer)ds the issues that need to be tackled in order to entxince teaching quality at unn/ersity Tap chi Slao due s6 283 (n 1.4/20H1 ... (qua dja chl email, diin thopi hodc cdn cu vdo kit qud hpc tdp, so y l u li Ijch cOa tOng SV ) Trong hopt ddng ddo dpo theo hpc che Hn chi, NLCVhTT cua gidng viin cd dnh hudng hvc tilp d i n