s f i DONG IHDNG TIN NGUIIC flf OlIU KHIIN QUA TRlNH DAY HOC MON SINH HOG NHAM NANG CAO CHAT LUONG DAY HOC O ThS PHAM DINH V A N '''' 1 Theo quan d i l m eua d i l u khi ln hgc, mdt trj nhd''''t dinh dd''''i v[.]
sfi DONG IHDNG TIN NGUIICflfOlIU KHIIN QUA TRlNH DAY HOC MON SINH HOG NHAM NANG CAO CHAT LUONG DAY HOC O ThS P H A M DINH V A N ' Theo quan d i l m eua d i l u k h i l n hgc, mdt ddi tugng dieu khiln dugc nd Id mqt h% todn ven vd tnang hS d d phdl tdn h^l hai ludng thdng lin chieu xudi vd chllu ngugc Qud trinh dgy hgc (QTDH) gdm nhllu thdnh to, n l u tqo ducrc cdc mdi quon h& chdt che tuong tdc qua Iql giua chijng thi CO t h i tqo thdnh mdt he thdng ed t h i d i l u khien duoc, Mudn vdy, hoqt ddng dqy hgc (HDDH) phdi tqo ede kenh thdng Hn hai chllu: xuol vd ngi/gc - thdng tin phdn hdi (TTPH) Cd t h i dien td U% thdng dqy hgc todn ven theo so d d sou: trj nhd't dinh dd'i vdi ed GV vd HS; vdi GV b i l t TTPH d l d i l u chinh HDDH, vdi HS biet d l ty d i l u chinh hogt ddng hgc Mdt QTDH tqo duqe hogt ddng d i l u chinh cua ehu the d d thi ludn dqt dugc CLDH ddp ung mye tieu ddt ro Vi vdy, dd Id QTDH d i l u k h i l n dugc Gid trj dieu khien cua thdng tin dugc xdc dinh bdi so lugng, chinh xdc, tinh dqng vd Hnh kjp thdi, cdp nhdt, thudng xuyen Khi thda mdn cdc Heu ehi ndy thi QTDH khdng ed nguy co thu vd sai nt/a t u phdn tich bdn ehd't ciia QTDH, bdn ehd't TTPH cho thdy e d n t h i e t p h d i nghien et/u phuemg phdp, tgo dung cdng Thong lintLf cy vd su dyng thdng tin ngugc GV va nhieu D l QTDH dqt k i t qud tdl uu, nguan IdiSc chung to edn khai thdc triet de (A) TTPH vd su dyng nd theo quy trinh hgp li thi hieu qud dqy hgc Ghl chu- + Kenh thOng tin xuol' A^.B-»C-*D,-».Dj se dgt chdt luqng nhu mong + KenhthCngtinngiiOc'D, - • D j ^ E - ^ G - > A mudn So dd dieu khiin qud trinh day hqc Q u y trinh t d chuc QTDH mon Sinh hoe theo nguyen Idc dieu Idiien bang N h u vdy, nhd cd hai kenh thdng Hn dd md qud trinh dgy hqc trd thdnh mdt he ed the diiu khiin dugc Chd't lugng dgy hgc (CLDH) Id sy ddp i/ng phu hgp muc Heu dqy hqe Chdt lugng dd se khde Kiy thudc vdo muc ddp ung mye tieu dgy hgc QTDH cd rdt nhieu yeu td nhieu dnh hudng den Hnh htrdng dich, neu khdng chii y cd t h i chSch Knoi khdi muc mye tieu Heu aarra, ddt ra, N h u vdy, CLDH cotnecnecn iNnuvay,L.Lun I ,1 -• i - j - • -• •*- -t.-i I L'. J phu tnuoc h le tiiuan vol muc dieu khien atroc ; i -t-L/ : ' -f-'-t.* iL>-.' jt • qua tnnh Ke tiep, muc dd dieu khien duoc I I- ' L -T- I •.' I J L', lai tl le thuan voi chat luong, so luong thong tin 14" I - L-i-rni_i i>~ LT-rnLJi , L j f thu duoc qua kenh TTPH Kenh TTPH loi phu thuoe I L' J L /nfir,i_ji • L vao phuemg phap dgy ^9= (PPDH) va phyong npH phap, cong cu_thu nhqn n P H Phuang phap va cong CU thu nhgn TTPH rat phong phu va da dgng, PPDH nao kurh th.ch dugc hogt dgng hen cue, sang tqo cua hgc sinh (Ho) thi cong dem Igi nhieu TTPH ehinh xdc, da dqng TTPH ed gid ^ ^ j ^ ^an tfch cau true noi dung la muc tieu cua ^^ ^ j ; ^, ^ j ^ ^ j ^ ^^^ ^^ , ^ ^ j ^ ^^ |^^^,, ^ ^ ^^^ ,^^„ ^^ Q^OH_ im' 1) Xdc dinh muc tieu hgc lap: De thiet k l ducc bd cdng cy thu nhdn TTPH va iCt dyng nd v6o viec to chuc qud frinh dgy hgc, tn/6c hit GV cdn xdc dinh dugc mye tieu hgc tqp Mye heu hgc tqp se ehi phra todn bg cdc budc cua quy trinh td chuc dqy hoc bd mdn Xac djnh mye Heu hqc tdp edn cdn cir vdo: , ^ ,• , L_- L j > • ( u _w.„ Mye heu ehunq eua eriuong hinti dao TOO (ctiuong ^ L J.^ - L J - L\ J - J - ' ™ ^AI h-inn eu trie cua mon hoc quy dinh); doc diem nqi j •, _ i • ' i.-• J 0,^ v i dunq euo mon hoc, cua hmg noi dung ey the ve j ? L' • iL' ^- L- -ikA^U thonhphoncuomycHeu,chungTOIphonloqithonn „, ,S.,.- j , ,_ _ J-.J3 loai: kien thuc; ki nang; thai ^ ^^.^ ,,^^ ^^ J ^ ^ , j ^ , ^^ ^^ * TnWngfi?iIHJC Bine TI»p Tap chi Giao due s6 (ki a • ia/aon) vi vdy, phdn tich myc tieu vd ndi dung eua bdi hgc phdl d q t n d mdi quon he rdng hon, nghta Id phqm vi bdi hgc Id mot don vi cdu thdnh eua mdt ehinh the Phqm vi dd chinh Id myc Heu, nql dung d d o too cOo mdt chuyen ngdnh, mdt mon hoc, mdt phdn, mot chuong vd cudi cung Id mdt bdi hoc eu the vdn de, dqt HS trqng thdi kich ndo, tqo dieu kidn cho hq bqc Id h i t khd ndng hieu b i l t hi^n tqi eua minh; he thdng CH phdi logic, CH trudc Id co ^- " I n tdng de trdldi CH sou; CH khdng qud de d "^"^ ^9 tdi hi?n kiln thuc nhung cung khdng qua Y^^' ^f'^^ ^ ° ^^- ^°^ ^^ P^°' ^ ^qng BT nhdn ^^^' chua dyng mdu jhuan veu edu HS phdi m / e » t e ' i > d cdng cu//lu n/,dn TTPH; n P H thu duoc t i / n h i l u kenh khde nhau, nhu: qua quan sdt, L-J Ljr»uT • uc ' L- I -f quo coc «.n pham HDHT eua HS, qua cac bai kiem '"jy " ^ ' ?'°i ' ^ ' ' ^ ' * L " ^ ^ ^ ^ " , ^ H' ' ° " ng^-encuu kTnqi dung bol hoc xac djnh moi quan he giuo cai Diet va chua biet nham hm ^^^ ^hafthdc d l dot CH, HS thdng CH, BT edn u c ' j ' • J° T ? ^^^V^ ' ' ' ^ T • ' ^ P ' " ° ^ ^ s°P ^^P ^^^ frdt h/ logic, too thdnh bd cdng HS do^toc dqng cua hoqt dgng dqy hqc tqo VI ^u hodn chinh Xdy dung / d p dn, thang d i l m vd vdy, ve nguyen tdc cong eu thu nhqn thdng Hn phai cdc H^u chi ddnh gid, phdn loqi HPH huy dgng, kich hoqt Idm boc Id td'i da sdn phdm tri 4) Td chuc hogt ddng hqe tap vd thu nhdn thuc cua HS Bd cdng ey thu nhdn TTPH ehinh Id he TTPH: GV su dyng bd cdng ey de td chuc thu nhdn thdng cdc cdu hdi (CH), bdi top (BT) dugc thilt ke TTPH TCiy thudc vdo thdi diem thu nhdn TTPH md nhdm kilm tra muc h i l u cua HS qua qud trinh GV cd the td chuc theo cdc cdch khde Cd hqc tdp Khi thiet k e b d cdng cy thu nhdn TTPH edn thdi d i l m trudc, vd sou hqe bdi mdi cdn c u vdo myc Bang Tieu chi ddnh TTPH vd dieu khiin QTDH bdng TTPH tieu eua bdi hqc, Bieu khidn QTDH Nliiad^ TISu chi dinh giS TTPH ed'u true nqi dung d l d9t dlWC MT - Nim wOng kien Ihuc (KT) CO Dan, c6 kha nSng phSn tich (PT), t6ng hpp GV thyc hl?n cdc cong vd thdi diem thu riH], ktti\ qudt hiba (KOH) KT s3u sac vd sdng t^o vise sau nhdn TTPH Xdy - T h ^ hi^n day du cdc ki ndng (KN) lien quan KT cua t>di tipc (BH) mpl - Chuyen gia, co van, giup Xultsac dung bq cdng cy cdch nhu&n nhuyin docho cac HS khde, hodc - Nhdn IhiFc CiXK tam quan trpng (TOT) cua bit hpc, rSl himg thu (HT^, diBu hdnh thao lu^n, ndydiroc tiln hdnh nhi|t linh (NT) vd thch ci/c (TC) Iham gia cac ho^t dpng hoc lap (HBHT) - Tham gia chCfa BT cho nhu sou: cali^ - N^m vffng KT co ban, c6 kha ndng PT, TH, KOH kien tntrc • Lap ma trqn Glol - T6I - Thi;c ni^n day du cdc KN iidn quan d§n KT cua t>di hpc mpt cdch thuan - Thuc hipn BT cung c i GV tuyen dutmg diln hinh cho bd cdng ey: IrwBc tdp thi liSp - Nhan thuc diii;tc TOT cua t>di hpc, HT, NT vd TC tham gia cac HDHT 3,Sc, kr ndng vd thai nhu dd xdc djnh Tuy nhiSn, d l cd hiSu qud coo qud trinh ndy, d i l u quan trqng nhd't Id GV phdl quan tdm xdy dyng cdng ey soo cho ihu nhqn duqe TTPH ed gid tri d i l u k h i l n tot nhdt • (1) Dfinti g'li theo thang di^m 5) Phdn tich, ddnh glo thdng tin phdn h6l: ViSe (2) "gidi" JO'i vdl d^nh gi^ Icitfn ihiJc kl nSng, "ttft" dO'i vdi dfinh gi^ th^i dOphdn tich, ddnh gid TTPH ed vol trd rd't quan trqng, Tilili$u tlium kliao neu ddnh gid chinh xdc s5 giup G V xdc dinh Jotin Hallic, Helen Timperley The Power of Feedt>aclc duoc he thong CH, BT vd biSn phdp dl4u khl^n American Educational Research Association, 2007 QTDH nhdm dqt duqe myc tiSu di ra, Cd th^ vf Rotien J Maraano - Detjra J Pickering - Jane E, Pollock viec ndy nhu ngudi bdc sTchd'n dodn dung b^nh Cdc phiimie phdp d^y hpc hi^u qud (ngu&i djch: HAng tu d d mdi kg dung don thudc md mdi chCra khdi Lpc) t^XQ Gido due TP HA Chi Minh, 2005 benh cho bfinh nhdn D^ ddnh gid chinh xdc TTPT, Rot)crt J Marzano Ngh$ thudt va khoa hpc day GV phdl d u a vdo cdng cy ddnh gid d d Id bdng hpc (ngufn djch: Nguyfin H(hi Chflu) NXB Gido due tidu chi TTPH (xem bdng) Vi^tNam.H 2011 6) Su dyng TTPH de dieu khien qud trinh dqy SUMMARY hqc: Cdn cu vdo muc euo TTPH thu duqe, G V This article addresses ttie process of orgara^yg the lua chqn he thdng CH, BT de tiep tyc td* chuc cho teocNngoft)k)k3gybymecr)softeec&iackintoimatkxi about the students' academic results in order to HS Irnh hdi cdc kien thuc edn thieu To chuc cdc optimize their learning activities The process is hoqt ddng hqc tdp de giup HS hodn thdnh myc performed In steps I) Detennining the goal(s} of tieu hqc tdp: G V vCro td' chuc cdc hoqt ddng hqc learning; 2) Analy^ng the contents of leamiryg; 3) tdp vua tiep tuc thu nhdn TTPH nhdm dieu khien Designing the kit to collect ttm feecSxJckrtfofmatlof]; 4) Organizing the learning process arvd coOecting the HS di den dfch eud'l cung eua bdi hqc TTPH duqe feedback information 5) Analyzing and assessing ttie xem Id tfn hieu giup cho G V nhdn biet duqe mqt feedback information; 6) Utilizing the feedback edeh ehinh xdc ve muc hieu euo HS tqi mqt Information to guide the learrvng activities towards thdi diem nhd't dinh ve mdt chu de kien thuc Tin the expected goal(s) T H E L E V I E T V A Gl>l B A I Ngi dung bai vie! tliugc cac linli vilc: Quan li giSo due; - TSm ii tide - sinli ii tioc iila tudi; - Li iuan giao due; - Li luan day tige; - Giio due nude ngoSI; - V v Bili Viet: - M6i bJI vISt i(h6ng quS trang, ktid A4; ptidng eha Times New Roman (Unieode), eO etiit 14 - Ten bdi bdo vi tdm tit ngi bung bi\ bio tnnh biy bing thijr tiing: tiing Viet vi tiing Anb - Tie gici gul ban in b