CAC NGUYSN T A C CO B A N TRONG Vl£C m DUNG MULTIMEDIA TRONe DAY HOC O TS N G C ANH TUAN" NhOng n^idn c ^ ihig dyng da phuong H|n (multimedia) cho dpy hpc hl$n nay dd chuyen h> vi$c ICfy cdng ngh$ Idm[.]
CAC NGUYSN TAC CO B A N TRONG Vl£C m DUNG MULTIMEDIA TRONe DAY HOC O TS N G C ANH TUAN" N - Nhung chu d l cd ll§n quon din nhung sy hOng n^idn c ^ ihig dyng da phuong H|n (multimedia) cho dpy hpc hl$n dd v$t hl|n tupng nguy hllm, thf nght|m ho^e chuyen h> vi$c ICfy cdng ngh$ Idm trung tdmcho xem tine cd thi dnh hudng d ^ ngudi hpc sang I ^ ngudi hpc Idm trung tdm vd nhd'n mpnh Idn ngudi dpy (cdc thf nghl$m hda hpc c6 gdy din cdch thuc thilt kl tdi li$u muJKmedia hd Irp chdy n l , set ddnh, di$ivgl$t ) qud trtnh n h ^ thOc cua ngudi hpc Cdch Hip - Dpy hpc cho ngudi l^uylt t$t nhdm b l sung c^n Icfy ngudI hpc Idm trung tdm dpy hpc cho khilm khuyll cOo cdc co quon cdm gidc vdi mulKmedia N^p Ining vdo qud trinh xj If nh$n 2) Sd dyng pAuong H$n dgy hgc phd hgp thik cdc thdng di$p mulHmedio vd dnh hudng vdl phuong phdp dgy hgc (PPDH) Cdc kitaud cua qud trtnh ndy ISn vl|e hpc nghign cOu dd < ^ thi^ hl$u qud cuo >^|c dpy Ti> nhOng co sd If lu$n, co sd tdm If hpc vd hpc khdng phy thu$c vdo phuong H|n dpy hpc thyc H^n cOa vl^c Ong dyng mulNmedlo, bdi vllt Ylu t l di dpy hpc tit khdng phdl Id f^uong H$n ndy dua cdc nguyfin t6c ^ung cOa vi|e Ong md chfnh Id PPDH; PPDH d^t phuong thuc su dyng muhtmedia dpy hpc nhdm phdt huy dyng phuong H$n dpy hpc hit nhOng lAlm mpnh mulHmedla mong k;il Cdc phuong H^ sO dyng cdn phO hpp vdl cOng nhu hpn chl ode dilm ylu cOa chOng tOng PPDH d l mang tpl hl$u qud cao nhdt; ngupc Cdc nguyta N5C CO bdn xdy di/ng cdc Ipl, niu sO dyng khdng thfch hpp sS mang Ipl tdi ll$u multimedia hl$u qud Hdu eye Sy ddi cOa mdy Knh vd 1) Xdc dinh rd chd di cin stf dt/ng mpng Intern^ mang Ipl PPDH ed sy h5 trp eOo multimedia Trong thyc t l khdng |:^dl tit cd cdc muhimedio c6 uu thi tr|l hon hdn so vdi cdc cho dl diu ed thi Ong dyng mulHmedlo C^l c6 phuongti^ndpy hpc khdc, nhign trgn thyc t l nhung chO d l nhdt djnh mdl c6 thi Ong dyng khdng phdl gido vign (GV) ndo cOng khol thdc cdng ngh$ muklmedki m|t cdch c6 hl$u qud m|t cdch h l ^ qud phuong H|n ndy 3) Qudn If vi$c ldl nh^n thiic Theo nhOng Ddid: - NhOng sy v$t hi|n tupng hllm xdy ra, If thuyit vl eo d i l tdi nh^n thOc cOa eon ngudt, phy thu^ vdo cdc dilu kl$n ty nhign d^c bl^tvd mpi Hnh huing dpy hpc, GV ho$c nhd thilt ydu d u phdi c6 m$t Ipl thdl dilm xud't hl^n (hl|n kl dpy hpc phdl cdn nhdc ^ n v l ^ tdi nh$n thOc, tupng nh^tthyc, nguy^ttfiyc, b6c eye quang ) dQe bt^ Id sO dyng muhimedio vdl nhilu kgnh - NhOng si/ v$t h l ^ tupng x&yraqud nhanh thdng Hn phong phO Lupng thdng Hn md eon ho^c qud di$m, vf dy: qud edu va vdo ngudi cd thi xO If dnh hudng din vi$c dpy hpc vdl tic d9 rIt nhanh (lOOkm/gld) vd blln dpng Vl$c cung cdp din d$p m|t lupng thdng Hn tdn th) khdng thi nh^n dupe sy biln dpng (hodc cho ngudi hpc cOng m$t thdi dilm cd ihl khdng Ihl dupe) COng khdng thi chd dpi d l gdy trd ngpt cho vl|c hpc tdl ll|u dd vupt qud dupe drvj k) bdn rd cuo cdc dni^ c6 k6o khd ndng xO If cuo ngudi hpc ddl d ^ m ^ ngte n&n 4) Trdnh Igm dgng muttlmadla MulHmedlo - NhOng qud trtnh vi n>d khdng thi quon sdt cung cdp cho GV khd ndng tfch hpp cdc kSnh dupe hwig ihyc t l md chl c6 thi xdy dyng c6c thdhg Hn phong phO vdo tdl li$u dpy hpc cdo md hlnh M quon sdt vd phdl chOng minh bdng cdc thf nghiSm • hM|l)il9ct«pMkilta|tTP.MCHIiik T?»cliiBla«diic s6 282 cida-»/aow minh Nhung k;im dyng thdl qud, phd dien khd nfing cung cdp thdng Hn « d l y hlSu Ong" se gdy r i l nhlSu cho ngudi bpe 5) Djnh hvdng s»f $t CO d i l tdm If md ngudt hpc dung d i dipn k;a h> mdl trudng nhOng thO hp se dua vdo kf Oc ldm v i ^ Con ngudi khdng Idm vi|c tot phdl chu y vdo nhilu thO m|t Iuc D l ngudi hpc khdng bj phdn tdm, cdn phdi phdi hpp cdc kgnh thdng Kn m ^ cdch hpp If Mdi m$t kgnh thdng Hn ngn c6 m|t vol trd nhdt ^ n h trwig vl$c cung ed nh^in thOc Vl f h l , Ididng ngn duo vdo ede l ^ h ihdng Kn cd mye dfeh trf hay bilu dlln khdng cdn thilt Nhd thilt k l cung c6 t h i glup ngudi hpc t^p trung chO ^ vdo m$t d l myc bdng cdch Idm n i l b^t nhOng thdng Kn v l d l mye dd d i u y i n nhung th«ig Hn cd dupe kf Oc Idm vi$c h d thdnh kiln ihOc dupe luu trO kf uc ddi hon Ldm spdi kf Oc Idm vi|c bdng edeh too ro CO hdl d l luygn tpp va khuyin khfch ngudi hoe luy§n Idp nhilu hon nuo d l diuyln th&ig Hn vdo Id Oc ddi hpn Ngudi hpc khdng dif thyc hdnh nhilu md cdc bdl thyc hdnh phdl dupe cung cdp thudng xuy&n vd theo mdt h^t h; Cdc nghien cOu mdi ddy da so sdnh hl$u qud cuo ^ ihyc tpp trgn hai nhdm Mdt nhom Idm tdt cd cdc bdi thyc hdnh mdt khodng thdi gion nhdt^nh vd nhdm cdn Ipi thyc tdp hdl ddi h-ong sudt khod hpc Nhdm thO hal cho k S qud tdt licvi nhilu dupe ygu cdu truy xudt Ipl ode thdng Kn 10 kf Oc ddi hpn 9) Sd dtfng cdc Iff Hiuit md hda hl$u qud i)HS trg thdm cholddc Oil vdl nhilu nhi|m Vl$c t$p )uv$n hay ihyc hdnh cd myc tigu b l sung dio nrau: xod kf Oc Idm vi^ vd dl chuy&i thdr^ Hn vdo kf Oc ddi hpn Trong tdm If hpc nhdn thuc, Hin trinh ehuyin hod thdng Hn vdo td Oc ddl h ^ dupe gpl Id Hin Mnh cOo ma hod thdng fln Trong ihllt k l dpy hpc vdi mulflmedla, cdc kf thudt md hod thdng Hn ddng vol trd rdt quon trpng V l | c md hod k ^ thdng qua vl|c sO dyng cdc to cd y nghlo cy t h i vd cdc kilu t h i hi$n Ididc nhou nhu chO, hinh dnh vd dm thonh cd tdc dyng cOng ( ^ thdng dl|p mudn hvyin dpt Vdi sy plnol trdn ede thdnh phdn h i t sue phong phO, muhimedio dupe xem Id sy chpn lya thfdi hpp cho qud trtnh cOng cd thdng fln thdng quo hal 7) Hgp nhd't cdc hlnh dnh vd dm ihmh hoy nhilu kilu h-lnh bdy: h> diO d i n hlnh dnh vd Cdc nghign cOu mdl ddy dd so sdnh Knh hi$u dm Khi thilt k l chuong h-inh dpy hpc, y qud cOo cdc phuong ihOc phdl hpp thdng fln khdc tudng vd thdng tin dupe dlln dpt cdng cy t h i 1^1 dpy hpc vdl multimedia Sou nhilu thyc cdng tdt, vdi h>ng ehO d l sS c6 nhilu edeh khdc nghl$m vdl nhilu cdch phdi tr$n ede thdng Hn: nhou d l dlln td y tudng quo sy phdi hpp cdc cho, hinh dnh vd dm d l fim cdch phdl Icgnh thdng fln Tuy n h l ^ vi|c su dyng muhimedio h ^ tdt nhdt, phdn Idn ede nhd khoo hpc dd thong d l dlln td y hidng d n khgo leo ^ ngudi hoe nhdl rdng cdch minh hpa tdt nhdt Id dOng hinh khdng bj phdn tdm 10) khuyin khfch si/ phgc hil cd hl$u qud dnh ed kim theo ldl gidi thfch Phucng f ^ p d l qudn If nhdn thOc cd hieu td kl uc ddl hgn Budc quon trpng nhdt vd cung qud Id hpp nhdt cdc thdng Hn hinh dnh vd €HII Id chia khod d l sy thdnh cdng cOa PPDH td thmh d l md r^ng khd ndng cOa kf Oc ldm vlic phyc hoi nhOng gl da hpc hrong kf Oc ddi hpn cdn d ^ Mde dO sO dyng cdc phuong fl$n tdl vin ludn bj gidi hpn 8) Tgo dliu kl$n y chpn d l ngudi hpc thorn khdo Uii qugn hoy Imdng nhd difnh xdc (vf dy: n - , , cdng thOc tfnh dl|n trd ) Cd thi thilt k l ngoy t r ^ giao di^n eOo chuong trtnh m^t mdy Knh cho phgp ngudi hpc Knh lodn trgn chuong hlnh dd Cdc dudng dfin lign kit ngudi hpc d i n cdc ^ a chf cdn tra cOu thdng Hn cOng thudng dupe sO dyng Tw Chi Slip dye SO 282 tm-a/aoiai dyng kf Oc ddi hpn nhdm tang hi|u qud truy xud't vd ghl nhd cOo tipe shih Dale, E Audio-visual methods in teaching New Yorlt: Holt, I^nehart & Winston, 1946 V l g c nghign c u u Ong d y n g cdng ngh$ Brauon-Jeffay, M R, Hoffman, S Q., & iefSery A mulHmedlo vdo day hpc hifn td hodn todn B Instructional design opportunities in military education and training environments In R.A Reiser cd CO sd khoa hpc vd phu hpp vdi xu i h l phdt and J V Dempsey (Eds.) Trends and Issues in triln cOo thdl dpi Sy phdt friln mpnh mS cuo Instructional Design and Technology (2nd ed.), CNTT da eo bdn khdc phye dugc nhOng nhupc Columbus Ohio: Pearson Education, Inc 2007 A i m hvdc ddy hwig qud Mnh dpy hpc, khdng Dicic, W., Carey, L & Carey, J The systematic djnh h'nh hi|n ihyc vd Hnh khd thi cOa vlgc Ong design of instruction (6lb ed.) Boston: Allyn & d y n g CNTT v d o d q y hpc Khi Ong d y n g Bacon, 2005 multimedia Idm phuong Hgn hd h-p dpy hpc, cdn Glaser, R Pyschology and instructional luu ;y' d i n myc ^ c h dpy hoe vd phdl x u ^ phdt tu technology In R Glaser (Ed.), Training research and nhOng ygu cdu v l mdt su phpm eOo qud Mnh education Pittstnirgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, dpy hpc D l cd t h i ung dyng hl^u qud cdng n g h | 1962 mulHniedlo, G V cdn phdl dupe bdl dudng, ddo SUMMARY tpo d l ( ^ nhung td* nISng eo bdn v l Kn hpc, nhOng kiln thOe If kidn cua vi|c Ong dyng CNTT vd muhimedio vdo qud Mnh dpy hpc Cdc nguy&i tdc CO bdn Ong dyng muhimedio h-ong d ^ hpc dupe rOt ro h> nhOng nghign cOu Ong dyng mulHmedla phO hpp vdl qud Mnh nhdn thOc cOa ngudri Id mdt tdl lifu thom khdo cho ede GV nhdm (i^dt huy i l l hl|u qud eOo v l ^ day hpc h'ong moi trudng c6 ung dyng Ct^TTT Q How can we ovoid a trc^ of broken promises concemt)g ttie educatlorialtjeneftts of new educational technologies such as mullimecSa learning evionmerrts? A reasonctile solution b to use instructioncri technology in ways tt\at ore grounded in research-based tt}ec^ The over c^ct^\g ttieme of ttis paper Is ttyat effective use of miMmedla must be guided by a research-based theory ot trow students team In ttils paper we provide a researclUxjsed review of c^)ptyIng principles ofmultlme dd gdp phdn phdt tiiln ndng li^c tu vd r6n trl ihdng mInh cho HS • (Tl^ Iheo trang 46} Duo vf dv yfiu c^u HS hodn thdnh; C,H, j O + KMnO^ + HjSO, -> M n S O , + C O j niUtuthamkUo NguySn XuSn TniCmg (t6ngchfibi£nkiem ctifi bien) - Nguybi Ddc Chuy - LeMjiu Quydi - Le Xuan Tr^ng CnHj„ + K M n O , + H j O -> C n H j | O H ) j + Hoi hvc 10 NXB aUo difc H.2007 MnOj+ T i ^ Qutfc Scm Tii U(u gUo khoa chuyen Holt Qua bdi todn t r ^ phdt Iri^n cho HS ndng li/c hvc NXB Giiodiie H.2000 tu phdn tfch, suy dodn, t&ig h9p vd khdl Dto HOu Vinh - Nguyen Duy Ai Til U(u gUo qudt hod idioa chuyen Hot h f c NXB GUo dfc, H.200I d] Khi b & n phdn ung oxi hod - khi), n&s Nguyin Duy Al - Nguyin Tinh Dung - TrSn Thinh xdy Iran todn phdn h) chdt oxi hod hodc chdt Hui - Trtn Qu«c Son - Nguyin VSn Tftng MJl s« v*n khi} n&i Knh iheo s6 oxi hod Ining blnh, cdn n^u di cbfa ifc cda Ho< hpc NXB CMo dw: H.2002 xdy tren m$t nhdm nguySn tu nin Knh iheo s& BO GD-DT Di Ihi vto cic miftng (I«i hoc cic nam QXt hod li&ig 1999-2010 K^t iu^n SUMMAmr Phdn ung oxi hod - khu Id bql phdn ung hdo The redox reaction Is Itw most Importani concept h^ic xuyen s u ^ chuong Wnh hod h9c p h i In chemistry In tills paper we proposed some Ideas thdng N A i HS Ai