VAN DUNG TiCH HDP GIITA MON TOAN VA VAT Ll KHI DAY HOC HinH HOC uecTJr TROHG m m m [ m HOC I O ] ThS NGUYEN THj THUY LINH ThS MAI VAN THI'''' Day hpc tich hpp (DHTH) dUdc xay dung tren CO sdnhimg quan di[.]
VAN DUNG TiCH HDP GIITA MON TOAN VA VAT Ll KHI DAY HOC HinH HOC uecTJr TROHG m m m [ m HOC IO] ThS NGUYEN THj THUY LINH - ThS M A I V A N THI' D ay hpc tich hpp (DHTH) dUdc xay dung tren thiic lien mon c6the giup HS phathuy kha nang giai CO sdnhimg quan diem tich cue ve qua trinh quyetvande thuc tiln hpc tap va day hpe Day la van de dang duoe - Kiem tm - danh gii Nh5m ket luan hieu qua nhieu nha khoa hpe, nha supham frong nude va the hoat dpng hpc tap cuaHS giaiquyet eae van gidi quan tam Tuy nhien, hien ehua co nhieu dedadatra nghien ciJfu cu the ve npi dung tich Incfp mon Toand Van dung tieh hop giira mon Toan va Vat li trudng trung iipc thong (THPT) Bai viet de day "Hinh hoc vecto m3t p h i n g " (Hinh capvi^cvandungtichhppgiDa Toanva l/af/Zkhiday hpe 10) hpc hinh hpc vecto mat phing dchuong trinh 2.1 Tinh huo'ng thuc hen.'Trong gid chcfi, mon ToanTHPT, qua do, gop phan nang cao hieu mdtehiecbanHSbjxedichvitrisovdivitribandau qua day hpc noi chung, day hoc toan hpe a tardng HS diing hai dau dekeovaday lai ban trudc gidvao THPT noi rieng Idp Sudi chuyen cua ban se khae the nao hai ban cung keo (cung day) hoac mpt ban keo cdn Van dung DHTH dtrudng THPT DHTH nh^m hinh a hoe sinh (HS) nhiing mpt ban day? Hoi: - Mpt luc dupe xac djnh bdi yeu to nang Iuc giai quyet hi§u qua cac tinh huong ftiuc tiln nao?;-Moi lien hegiua lue va vecto?;-Trong vat lied dua tren su huy dpng npi dung, kien thu'c, kT nang nhiing dgi lupng nap lien quan den vecto?; - Md'i lien thupc nhilu li'nh vue khae nhau, giup HS biet each van he giiia hpp luc va phep cpng vecto? dung kien thtic hpc dupe nhatrudng vao nhiJng 2.2 Hoat dgng giai quyet vifn de hoaneanhkhacnhau.pieu doihoiqua trinh day 2.2.1 Lay vidu vSluc va dua ketluiny&i 0'xac hpe nhatrudng can dupc g ^ vdi cac tinh huong dinh mgt luc {xem hinh 1-^ thuc tiln eua cupc song Vi vay, DHTH phai duoe the hien d ca nadung chuang ^I'nh, phuang phip day hoc, phucmg phap ki&n Ua dinh gia, hlnh Uidc to chdcrfa/Zjoc,qua do, phat huy ta da nang luc hpc tap ciia HS Cac budc tien hanh mli npi dung tich hop: -Ouaraf/hftftudng Viec tao tinh huong day hpc CO vai tro quan trpng viec tao thu hpc tap cho HS, giup HS tap tmng tu vao van de ma giao vi§n(GV)se trinh bay, Tinh huong CO van de"se kich thieh tri tudng tudng, tao ham mucin Tcham pha" nhihig dieu chua biet, qua dd, ren luyen mot so nang lue hpe tap cho HS, nliu: phan tich, tong hpp, xet tnidng hop, giai thich van de - Dua van decan giaiquyet, giiip ngudi hpc thuc day viec huy dpng cac kien ttiiic vdn cd, lien ketva hinhthanh nhung suydoan mdi degiaiquyetvande - Xiy dung cic hoatdgng giai quyet van de H S tham gia hoat dpng de chuan hda kien thiie Trong do, ca G V va HS deu co g§ng de cd tfie thu nhan, cung nhu twig hpp kien thiJc Ngoai ra, nhung kien (ki 1-8/2015) Quan sat cac tiinh vetren deduara cac vidu thucte vetuc: Hinh 1: F, la luc keo sang phai Hinh ^ Fj la luc keo len tren H/n/i 3: Fj tuc keoflieoh udng tao vdi phumig ngang goc 60" W/h/)4:Platronglyc Bieu diin luc bpimdttiacdphuong.chieu.Luc tdn hon bieu diin bing tia ed dp dai Idn hon Ket luan: Luc phuttiuoc vao hucffig (phucmg, chieu) vadpldn 2.2.2 Dua khii niem ve vecta: Vecta li doan thing co hudng, nghTa li tiong hai dau mut cua doan ' TnMiigfi^i hpc Hang hai Vi«t Nam Tap chi Gido due so 363 | s i thing, dichird di&n nao la di&n dau, diem nao la diis/n Ci/«;-Dira vao khai niem tren de khing djnh viec su dung vecto de bieu didn lue; - Dua cae dai lupng khac cung b i ^ dien b ^ g vecto, cdnghTa la dai lug^g duoc xac dinh bdi hudng va dp ldn Vi du; van toe, gia toe, eudng dp ddng dien, hieu dien the; - Clio HS lay viduve luc Cling phuong, Cling hudng, nguoc hudng ngoai ttiuc tS'va bieu diin bang vecto;-Sua khai niem hai vecto bing va hai vecto dd'i Lay vi du ve hai luc ngoai thue te ma bieu diin b^ng hai vecto bang nhau, dd'i Sau dd nhan xet ve hcpluccuaehiing Ket luan: Diing vecto debieu diwi cae dai lupng cd hudng Vat li 2.2.3 Ma lien he gida hgpliJC va cac phep toan vecta{\Bxr\ hinh 5-8), Quan sat hinh ve de dUa cac vi du ve hi;ip Igc; Hinh 5: Luc tac dung len diem M bSng hop luc cua Hinh 6: Luc tac dung len vat la hop Iuc cua F, N, P, Fj Hinh 7: Luc tac dung len vat la hgp lie cua P, T, F ^ E)Ua djnh nghla long hai vecta, quy t^c ba diem va quy tac hinh binh hanh Kh|d6,m6ilucdU5tc bieu diin bing vectcr;va cothexacdjntihi^hai Igc tac dung vao mpt v|t nhu hir)h Tli do, dua vi di^ ve cac luc tac dung len vat va xac dinh vecto bleu dien hop luc Vi du: hinh 5, hlnh 6, hinh Vi du: Bleu dien lire va xac djnh hop luc tac dung len vat 1} Mgt vat nho khoi luqng m chuyen dong theo true Ox{trenmotmatngang),duditacdungcuali/c F nSm ngang co Ion khong doi 2) Mgt v|t nho khoi lu(?ng m chuyen dgng theo true Ox tren mat phang nam ngang dudi tac dung cua Igc keo F theo hudng hop vdi Ox goc a > 3) Mot xe tmot khong van toe dau tii dinh mat phdng nghieng goc a = 30" 52 2.3 Kiem tra - danh gia Cach thUc tien hanh: Viet bai thu hoach va trinh bay Chia nhdm nho khoang HS, cd tnrdng nhdm va ttiu ki Moi nhdm se bao cao bai ttiu hoach cua minh Cac ttianh vien nhdm settiao luan tiing bao cao va ttidng nhat npi dung cuoi cung da ttiu hoach dupc cua nhdm, thu ki tdm t i t ndi dung de nop lai eho G V G V danh gia ttiong qua xep loai A, B, C, D cho moi nhdm theo tieu chi sau: D: Chua n^m ro dupe npi dung kien ttiiic; : NSm dupe kien ttiiic nhung chua trien khalttieo ngdn ngii ca nhan; B: Trien khai ttieo ngdn ngQ ca nhan nhung ehua lien he dupc thuc te, lien hecae mon hpc khac hoac xay dung tinh hu^ng mdi tii bai hpe; A: Thdng hieu, trien khai theo ngdn ngii ea nhan, sang tao tinh huong mcrt hoac lidn hS thuc te, lidn he vdi eae mdn hpe khac Viee DHTH ndi Chung, mdn Toandtrudng THPT ndi rieng la yeu cau can ttiiet nhlim nang cao hieu qua day hpc bdmdn.Tuy nhien,trong qua trinh ttiuc hien, G V can nghien ciiu k l n ^ dung bai hpe, npi dung tieh hop, tranh tinh trang gd ep de tiS't hpc dat hidu quaeao nhat Q Tai lieu t h a m kh&o Pham Van Hoan TSng cudng nSng lixc ki^m tra vk d a n h gia ItS't qud hpc t^p cda hoc sinh NXB Gido due Viet Nam, H.20]3 Tr3n B^ Hoanh D(iy hpc tich hgrp httpy/ioer.edu.vn 2002 Dang Tiianh Himg Dgy hpc hi$n dgi - Lf Ju^n, bi$n p h a p , ki thudt NXB D^i hgc qudc gia Hd N^i, 2002 Vi^n Nghien cihi giio due "Dpy hoc Uch hgp d^y hoc phdn hda & trudng trung hgc ddp Ung yiu cdu chuong trinh vd sdch gido ithoa sau nam 2015" KI y^u hoi thao NXB Dgi hgc suph^m TP Hd Cht Minh, 2014 SUMMARY In this paper, the author applies the integrated teaching to teach vectors In the plane It Is a combination of mathemaUcalknowledge with Physical quantities and construction operations imd related knowdedge Thereby, the author also builds basic evaluation criteria to offerspeclffc empirical evaluations and draw conclusions of the process Tap chi Giao due so 363 (kl 1-8/2015) ...thing, dichird di&n nao la di&n dau, diem nao la diis/n Ci/«;-Dira vao khai niem tren de khing djnh viec su dung vecto de bieu didn lue; - Dua cae dai lupng khac cung b i ^ dien b ^ g vecto,... Toandtrudng THPT ndi rieng la yeu cau can ttiiet nhlim nang cao hieu qua day hpc bdmdn.Tuy nhien ,trong qua trinh ttiuc hien, G V can nghien ciiu k l n ^ dung bai hpe, npi dung tieh hop, tranh tinh