UfllTROTRUDTIGTHirCHflnHTROnGUiCCnHnGCnOCHRTLUiniG DAO TAO NGHE CHO SINH VIEN Sl/ PHAM TS DLTONG THj N G A TS N O N G KHANH B A N G " 1 Trong qua trinh dao tao (OT) sinh vien (SV) su pham (SP) la/dng[.]
UfllTROTRUDTIGTHirCHflnHTROnGUiCCnHnGCnOCHRTLUiniG DAO TAO NGHE CHO SINH VIEN Sl/ PHAM TS DLTONG THj N G A - TS N O N G K H A N H B A N G " Trong qua trinh dao tao (OT) sinh vien (SV) su pham (SP) la/dng Ihuc hanh (TTH) (1) ed vai trd dae bidt quan trpng vide hinh thanh, phat trien cac nang lue kTnang va pham chat nghe nghiep cho SV Co thd khang djnh, Ihuc tiln chinh la mdl lordng li ludng dd'S V ren luyen nghe, nhim ehuan bi lot eho su tham gia vao eac "boat dgng nghl" Ihuc su sau Vdi SVSP, mdl trudng Ihuc tidn ay ehinh la eac T T H nPi "chda dung" nhdng thuc liln giao dye ma eae em can lam quen,thich ijfng Tuy nhidn, qua lim hieu, ehung tdi nhan thay ring, si/phdi hpp gl(?a trudng supham (TSP) vdi cae CO SP TTH hien cdn nhidu bat cap Nhung han che khien clio cac TTH khdng phat huy dupe kha nang to ldn vigc tham gia vao qua Irinh dao tao SVSP, cdn cae TSP lai khdng tlin dyng dupc cP hgi cho SV rdn luyen nghltai cac TTH.Day la thach Ihuc Idn vide tim kidm cac giai phap nang cao eha't lupng OT nghecho ngucri hgc Nhirng bait cap cong tac pho'ihgp giua cac TSP vdi cac TTH 1) Chua CO cache di'gan ketqua trinh BTtai cac TSP vdi cac hoat dgng giao due a TTH Tron p xetve vai trd, TTH vacae giao vidn (GV) oday phai la lue lupng "ding hanh" cung vdi TSP qua tiinh DT SV -bPlTTH chlnh la don vi vua tham gia tii/c tid'p vao qua trinh OT GV lai cung v i a [a dPn vj sddung san phlm cua TSP, chat lupng DT ciia TSP se anh hudng quydt djnh de'n chat luang giao due eua cac TTH 2}St/ph6lhgpxiydmg chuang trinh BTchua duae chu trgng giiia TSP va TTH G V TTH it cd co hgidupctham gia t n ^ t i ^ vao vide xay dyng kehoach chuong tiinh giao due va qua trinh kien tao "san pham" mahp sesi}dyng ti'ong tuong lai Dodd.macdu cung cdtinh de'n yeu t d t i i i ^ tiln, song chuang trinh OT ma cac TSP xdy dyng v l n ndng ve li thuyet, ttiieu thyc te, kha ndng "tich hpp" kem, khd'i lupng kien thtic chuyen mdn kha ndng, ttx)ngkhi khoi lupng yeu cau v l ren nghigp vy SP va cac hoat ddng mang tinh tfiuc tap nghllairatcdhan.Chungtdicho ring, nhung yeu cau cua viec "hpc n g h ^ can cd xu hudng ehu tmng han vao caey&j to nghiep vu va ffiue tiSn nghenghiep, ehi/ (ki2-3/2013)- khdng phal la nang v l cac kien thuc ehuyen mdn mang tinh han lam, li thuye'l Sutham gia eua GV TTH se mang lai nhdng "gpi y dang suy nghi thay dol chuong Irinh DT theo xu hudng 3} Cie giang vien mon "Phuang phap day hgc" a TSP hau nhu khong tham gia true Mp "dung iap " (tam ggi ia cic gia day thuc teja TTH nen cdn thieu (tham chi bj "tut hau"j kinh nghiem thyc tien so vdi GV TTH Hg chi "quanti qua'n" vol eac ngi dung li thuyet ciiupng trinh mdn hgc, il tham nhap vao thucte Ihdng, nen ddi khdng nim bit dupc nhung thay ddi veyeu cau ngi dung, phuong phap dTTH Oilu da de lai nhdng "khoang trdng" nhat djnh tronjg vide gliip SV thich dng nhanh vdi mdi tn/dng thuc tien Mat khac, cac G V TTH lai cung rat it ed CO hdi tham gia vao nhung hoat ddng ren luydn nghe cho SV tai TSP, nen khdng biel SV cd nhung thieu hyt vacan bosung nhung kien thdc kTnang gi de cd the' trao dd'i vd^ cac gilng vien SP, td dd cd ke hoaeh phu hpp cho viec ren luyen nghe cho SV (it n h i l la thcri gian thyc t^p SP) 4) Nhieu TTH khong la nai (moi trudng) tiiuc tap, tht/c hinh nghenghiep cua cac SVSP Hon nua, vdi nhiem vy ren luydn ^ay nghe", thdi gian thyc tap supham (TTSP) cija SV chua dij dd'cac e,m thich ung vdi moi to/dng nghl (vi dy: vdl S V cao dang SP, Ihd^ gian thuc tap lln thdnhat la tuan, lan thdhailaS tijan); ngoai thdi gian dd,SV cung it coco hdi tham gia vao cac hoat dgng p tiirdng phd' thdng (TPT) Oilu d i n den: SV (nhatia SV nam thunhat) khdng cd CP hdi tham gia Ihudng xuyen vao eac boat dwig ttiuc tien tai TTH - noi cd nguon luc dol dao, cd mdl tivdng giao due rdn_g ldn de S V cdthettiuc tap ttiyc te, lai dang rai can suhd trpve nhan Iyc (SVSP) to chuc cae hoat d o i g giao due (hoat dgng ngoai gid len k^ ttiuc hidn cong tac chu nhiem, hoat dgng trp giang ) 5)^ Thieu cache phoi hgp tron^ viec tao dung vagan kit TSP va cic TTH, d i n ddn nhung lang phi ve thdi gian eung nhu eP hpi giao dye cho SVSP M a quan he giua giang vien SP vdi eac G V TTH - ca * Tridig Cao dang stf ptiam Thai NguycD Tap chi Gido due so 306 thdi gan to chiic cho SV TTSP - eung thudng mang tinh "hanh chinh", chu ye'u de "quan li ve nhan sy" ma chua ed su k i t hpp hieu qua trao d6l chuyen mdn, nghiep vu, vide tim kiem cac bien phap nang cao chat lupng TTSP va chat lucmg ren nghiep vy cho SV Mot so ykien dexuat nham tang cudng s u tham gia cua cac GV TTH quatrinh DT va ren luydn nghe cho SVSP 1)GV TTH dugc tham gia xay dt/ng chuang trinh BT cho SV cac TSP deed dupc mgt chuong trinh "OT chua'n" D i l u cd y nghTa thye te, tranh dupc mdt chupng trinh OT ban lam, nang v l li thuyet, chua xac dinh rd rang nhi/ng ki nang va nang Iyc nghe nghigp cy thd'cho SVSP Su kit hpp gida cac nha khoa hpc giao due (ed l l m nhin khai quat, vT md, mang linh chidn lupc) vdi cac GV phd'thdng (hie'u rd nhat ve thue le giao due vcri nhung Irai nghiem cdng va tha"! bal, ) se la sy k i t hpp hieu qua de tao mdt chuang Irinh giao duc phu hpp va mIm deo, vda dap yng yeu c l u Ihyc tigiao due, vua thue day va md hudng phat triln giao due luong lai 2) GV TTH dugc tham gia tn/c tiep vao cac hoat dong DTSV tai TSP Hp ed the den du gid tai TSP de nam bit nhung diem mdi, nhdng thay doi ndi dung, phuong phap giao duc SV; hie'u rd dae die'm tam li cua SV de cijng Irao ddi va dieu chlnh vdi cac giang vien SP vide giup SV ren luyen nghe nghi?p; tham gia eae hoat ddng ngoai khda cung S V tai TSP; hpe hoi trao dd'i kmh nghiem vdi eae SV va giang vien, Tham chi, cacTSPcdttie'mdIhgtham gia giang day mgt sd tiet tht/c hanh ve phuong phap day hgc va edng tae chu nhidm k)p Ngupe lai GV TTH cdthe ehu dgng td'chuc cho SVSP tham gia vao cac hoat dgng giao due tai tn/dng (vdl sugiup dd tao dilu kidn ve mat phap li, nhan su va vat chat tii' cac TSP va cac td'chuc giao dye, xa hgi khac); t^o CP hdl de' eae SV i d nam thu ntia't ed thd' lam quen vdi cac hoat ddng giao dye d TTH de sdm dupc trui ren nghe nghiep VI dy: d eae trudng tie'u hgc h i u het hpe sinh d i u hge ban tm, neu toehue tot, eac SVSP hoan toan cd the'la nhdng "trp giang" die luc eho cae GVTTH nhdng gid hgc them, dn tap; cdn d cac ta/dng tmng hoc CP SP, du hgc sinh khong hgc ban tni, vide thidt ke eac chuong trinh dn tap hoae cac chUPng trinh giao dt^c ngoai gid len Ic^ nham tao co hpi hgc tap trai nghidm cho cac SVSP se cd y nghTa Idn: vua tao mditrudng hpc tap cho hpc sinh, vda tao mdl tn/dng ren luydn n^he cho cac SVSP, Theo chiing tdi, kd't qua cudi cung can dat dupc la: SV cd the "lam dupc gi" (ti/c dap ting nhung yeu cau cua giao dye Tap chi Gido due so 306 phd thdng) ehu khdng cht la SV "hgc dupc gi" sau trudng 3) GV TTH cung SVSP thiet ke, tochiic cic hoat dgng giio due hgc sinh, cie hoat dgng ngoii gidienidp Cae GVTTH chlnh la ngudi ddng hanh, hop lac, giup SVcdcp hgi tdtnhal detham gia vao Ihyc tien giaodue sinh ddng, day bien doi.De lam lot nhiem vu nay, hp eln cd tam huyet, nhiet tinh, co kha nang dilu hanh tdt, tan dyng idl da thdi gian lii ye hanh thye te'de' moi SV deu ed cp hdi tham gia \nic tid'p vao viec thill ke, Id'ehue cae hoat ddng giao dye; giup SV tha'y dupe suda dang, phong phu cung nhung khae bidt nha't dinh, nhdng ddi mdi va yeu cau ve nhllu m£it eae boat dgng giao dye oTPT so vdl lithuyetma cac em da tiep thu d TSP Dupc lam vide, giao tiep thudng xuyen vdi cae G V TTH, SV se phat triln dupc cae kl^nang quan Irpng (nhu hc^ tac, lam vide nhdm, tim hieu cac boat ddng ^iao dye, ); E^ dung,thdnghigm cae kien tht/e dupe ti^ thu d T S P vao TTH; tiep Ihu nhung diem khac biet tnjng cac hoat dgng giao dye d TTH so vdi li thuyet da hoe tai TSP; tieh cue, sang tao Ihiet k l eac hoat ddng day hpe, 4)GV TTH danh gii vi giup SV ti/dinh gia theo "chua'n dau ra" Hon hit, GV TTH - ngudi ta/c liep hudng d i n va cd anh hudng Idn nhait ddn SVSP ti^ng qua trinh thdm nhap vao ttiyc tiln giao dye -sedanh gia dupc chinh xac, khach quan muc dd dap iJng eae ydu elu dTTH cua S V Hgse chi cho SV Ihay dupc nhung ydu elu Ihuc le giao due; thay duoc nhung uu.nhugcdiem.mucdddap ling canhan boat ddng SP de'tijrdd co hudng dieu chinh phu hpp Khdng the' phij nhan vai trd dae biet quan trpng cua TTH va cac GV tai day Irong qua trinti OT nghe cho SVSP Song, de'TTH va cac GV TTH cdthephat huy td'i da vai trd dd, thiet nghT rat e l n ed cP che va nhung bien phap cu the va hpp li de'sddyng hidu qua cac TTH nham nang cao chat lupng hoat dgng nghe nghiep cua SV sau In/dng Q (1) Trubng ihuc h&nh bao gdm: 1) Tmdng ph6 thftng nim trufmg su pham; 2) Tnibng phd th6ng bfin ngoii truong sir pham Ik ca sd dua hpc sinh, sinh vifin sir ph?in din thuc t^ip v i thuc h ^ h nghd Tulieu tham k h ^ Nguyfin Ngpc Chinh - Le Dinh Son " X ^ djnh hf tfidng ck: kl nSng ngh£ n^ifip c ^ r ^ luy$n cho sinh vien sir [Aam" Tgp chi/(hoa hpc gido dfic, sd 11/2006 Trudng Dai hpc supham TP Hd Cht Minh "Tn/dng thuc hdnh vdi vdn dS ddo tgo nghidp vu suphgm ctia (Xem H^ Irang 15) -(ki2-3/2013) phap day hpe (thdng qua ban II thuyet chuyen de), vua hid'u each Hiuc ap dung II thuyet vao thuc tidn boat dpng day hoc ben kip Hinh ttidc "hpc di ddi vdl hanh" "II ludn g i n lien vdi thuc tidn" nhu vay giup hp tin tudng va manh dan ap dung dd'i mdi phuong phap day hgc nhim ndng cao chd't luong day hpc tid'u hpc Thuc tiln khoa hpe giao due da chdng minh G V la nguc^tiuctiepquyetdinh chat luc^^ giaodue HS;CBQL (hieu tn/dng, phdhldutn/dngvatdlardng ehuyen mdn) quyet djnh chat lupng cdng tac quanli cac hoat ddng day hpc, giao dye Irong nha Irudnp Vay trinh ddva nang Iyc dpi ngu CBQL laydu c l u ldi tfilajdd'ndng cao chat lupng giao dye cua mditrudng tie'u hpe Neu ddi ngu quan li lot cac hoatdpng day hgc, giao due nha trudng, hp se biet boi dudng eho GV cua tn/dng minh du nang luc thi/c hien nhidm vy Odi vdi cac cap quan ll giao dye, viec quan tam bdi dudng, ndng cao nang luc quan li cho dgi ngu CBQL tn/dng tieu hpc la yeu c l u bdc thiet irong thdi ki hdl nhap quoc teveGD-DT hign • (1) Trin Thj Tam Dan Bdo c4o trir^c Qudc hpi ngiy 7/11/2006 ktft qu5 gi5m s i t vS dgi ngfl nhS giAo vk c i n b6 quan li giSo due ITnh virc giio dye, dSo tao v i day nghd www.vigtbao.vn (2) TrSn Vi^t Lmi "Phat tri^n dOi ngfl nhi giio v i cin bd quan li giio due giai doan hi€n nay" Tap chi Tuyin gido, ngiy 20/8/2012 (3) So GD-DT Vinh Long Bdo cdo tdng kit ndm hoc 2011-2012 T i i lieu t h a m khdo Chl thi 40-CT/TW ngiy 15/6/2004 cua Ban Bi thir TW Dang (Kh6a IX) vi viic xdy dung, ndng cao chdt lugng ddi nga nhd gido vd cdn bd qudn ll gido dftc Thfing bao sO' 242-TB/TW Kit ludn cUa Bd Chlnh tri (Khda X) vi tiip tuc thitc hiin Nghi quyit Trung uang (Khda Vlll) SUMMARY Most of the management staff of the education sector in Vietnam have not been trained, professional training on management of primary schools and primary inspection: perform management tasks mostly based on experience: lack of knowledge about many aspects This article ouUlned the current situation and proposed a number of measures to Improve the quality of primary school management staff Tra On District Vinh Long Vai tro trudng thirc hanh Quan li chuan Sau (Ti^ theo trang 8) (Ti^ theo trang 6) cdc trudng su ph(im" (Ki y^u Hpi thio khoa hgc) TP Hd Chi Minh, 2007 Dpi hpc qudc gja H i NOi "Hudng ddn xdy dung vd hodn thiin chuong trinh ddo ipo theo chudn ddu &DHQG Hd Npf\ 2010 (xem tpi: hitp:// uIi.-i.vnu.deu.vn/taxnnQmv/term/223/748) Nguy&i Thinh Hai - PhQng ThtJy Phupng - Dfing Thj Bich TTiuy "Gidi thifiu tndi ^phuong phdp gidng day cdi tiin giup sinh viin hoc tdp diit ddngvdtrtdnglufitndptcdcchi^dduratheoCDIO"(}iCi&\doCDlO(?i E^i hpc qudc gia TP Hd Qii Minh), 2010 Nguyfin Vto T i "Dgi ngO giio vien phd thfing v(^ v i ^ Ifen luy?n kl ning su phpm cho sinh vifin" Tpp chi Gido dftc, sd 156/2007 Nguyfin Due Tn G i ^ dvK i ^ £ n^iiSp - mOt stf v & de h'hiSn v i thix: ti&i NXB Khoa hpcvdKi thudt, H 2010 29/5/2012 cua Thu tuiJng Chinh phii) NguySn Minh Duong D i o tao theo n i n g luc thiTc hi£n T i i li^u b6i dufing giio vien, H 2004 Nguygn Due Tri "Tiip c^n ddo tgo nghi dua trin ndng luc thtic hi^n vd xdy difng tiiu chudn nghi " B i o c i o tdng ktfl t i i cJfp Bg B93-38-24 Trung t i m Nghien cihj dai hpc v i giio due ehuyfin nghiep, H 1996 SUMM/URY Process management and quality liifprovement to meet the needs of the sociDuting the process of training pedago0cal students, teaching ety have always been Issues of social management practical schools play an important part in the formation and devel- concern: in which output opment of capablllUes skills and qualities of profession for stu- and the relationship between educational dents CuTTcntfy we realise that the combinaUon between teaching institutions and business are the most practical schools and collets ofeducation still has amny limita- Important issues in contrastive anafysis tions Therefore, the making of appropriate mechanism to increase and accurate assessment to tiainlngobthe participation of teachers at teacher training schools Is a right jectives Good management of those two direction to solve these shortcomings to distribute the improvement issues will meet the needs of both learners and employers in the teacher training qualities for pedagt^cal students Tap chi Giae due so 306] 15 (ki 2-3/2013)- ... len Ic^ nham tao co hpi hgc tap trai nghidm cho cac SVSP se cd y nghTa Idn: vua tao mditrudng hpc tap cho hpc sinh, vda tao mdl tn/dng ren luydn n^he cho cac SVSP, Theo chiing tdi, kd''t qua cudi... dua hpc sinh, sinh vifin sir ph?in din thuc t^ip v i thuc h ^ h nghd Tulieu tham k h ^ Nguyfin Ngpc Chinh - Le Dinh Son " X ^ djnh hf tfidng ck: kl nSng ngh£ n^ifip c ^ r ^ luy$n cho sinh vien... OT nghe cho SVSP Song, de''TTH va cac GV TTH cdthephat huy td''i da vai trd dd, thiet nghT rat e l n ed cP che va nhung bien phap cu the va hpp li de''sddyng hidu qua cac TTH nham nang cao chat