TIM HIEU MOT so MDHINH TRUONG OAI HDG DA TREN THE GO" PHAN HIEU ThS N G U Y § N T H I E N T u i " 1 Trudc xu the hdi nhap va toan cau hoa, nen kinh te tri thdc va kinh te thi trudng dang phat trien ma[.]
TIM HIEU MOT so MDHINH TRUONG OAI HDG DA PHAN HIEU TREN THE GO" ThS NGUY§N THIEN T u i " Trudc xu the hdi nhap va toan cau hoa, nen sang kien rieng cua minh, cac co sd giao dye OH kinh te tri thdc va kinh te thi trudng dang phat trien cd the gpi mot sd cac ten theo quy md va manh me cung vdi su phat trien nhu vu bao cua chuc nang cua nd nhu: College, University Institute khoa hpc va cdng nghe, giao due ndi ehung va giao hodc School Tuy nhien, xet ve quy md thi DH Hoa due dgi hpc (OH) ndi rieng da cd nhi/ng thay doi Ki cdthe chia hai loai: University va College; theo hudng da dang ve mo hinh to chuc va phuang do, University t.\)[idng dung cho nhung DH thuc quan //'nhdm dap dng nhu cau xa hoi ve dao da nganh, cd quy md Idn, cd nhieu tnj'dng tao ngudn nhan luc.Tai Vidt Nam, thdiki ddi vien (College hoae Shool), cd the gpi la OH tong mdi kinh tdtheo hudng cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hpp, hda nen co cau nganh nghe da cd nhu'ng thay doi nho hon ve quy md cOng nhu gidi han ve pham vi dang ke, nen vdn minh cdng nghifep da lan toa dao tao, cd the la mpt trudng ddc lap hodc mdt cang nhanh va tac ddng manh den vung sau, vung hoae Vien OH; College thudng cd xu hudng trudng vien true thupc mdt University Vi dy: xa cua dat nudc Oilu da tao nen nhu cau dupc OH Han/ard CO cac tnidng true ViupcnhU'DH nghe hudng thy nen giao due - dao tao eua nien thuatva khoa hpc (Graduate school of science and va ngudi lao ddng d cac vung sau, vung xa; arts), OH Luat (Harvard Law School), DH Kinh tudd ddn den mpt su djch chuyen xahoi ma doanh (Harvard Business School) ; OH North- do, nien ndng thdn dua ve cac western cd cac trudng tn/c thude nhu: Trudng Khoa phd Idn de hpc OH, cao ddng va tim kiem viec lam hpe va Nhan van (school of arts and science), Thuc te ddn dan tinh trgng phat trien khdng can Tn/dng Thuong mal (school of business), Tn/dng ddi ve dao tao va su dung ngudn nhan luc giua eae KT thuat (school of engineering) (1) vung mien nude Moi trudng vien thupc University ed ehdc Be giai quydt tinh trang tren, mdt sd tn/dng OH ndng daotao mdtnhdm nganh, mdt ehuyen nganh, md cac phan hieu (co sd) tai cac dja phuong nhdm hodc mdt bae hpc Vi dy: Schpol of arts and science dap dng nhu cau dao tao ngudn nhan luc cho phat la Tn/dng Khoa hpc T u nhien va Nhan vdn, gdm trien KT-XH, ddng thdt tgo sucong bdng va binh ddng cac nganh khoa hpc co ban nhu Toan, Vdt li, Hoa giao dye, gdp phan nang cao dan tri, dao tao hoc, va Khoa hpc Nhan van nhuSu, Kinh te, Chinh nhdn luc cho cdng ddng va xa hpi tri, Tam li, v.v ; Medical school la tnidng chuyen Nhdm trien khai cd hieu qua md hinh trudng ve nganh y; Graduate school la trudng dao tao OH da phdn higu d Viet Nam, chiing ta can nghien chuong trinh sau eu nhan, tdc la thac sT (MA) va cuu mot so mo hinh quan li trudng DH da phan tien sT (PhD) Sinh vien cac tn/dng chuyen nganh hieu tren the gidi phai hpc chuong trinh kien thuc eo ban d Tn/dng - Hoa Ki\a mpt qudc gia ed he thdng giao dye OH tidn tien nhat the gidi vcri ddc trung eo ban la de cao quyIn tu chu va tu trj dudi su dieu ehinh cua Khoa hpc Tu nhien va Nhan van, sau dd mdi vao hpc cac trudng chuyen nganh Vdl to ehdc nhutren, Tnidng Khoa hoc Tunhien va Nhdn van la nen tang ludt phap Md hinh OH d Hoa Ki rat da dang va phong phu, mdi tn/dng OH c o c o cdu toehue theo (ki2-2/2013)- * Tnrong Dai hoc cong ngtiiep TP Ho Chi Minh Tqp chi Gido due so 304 | cua trudng OH (University) Cf day ed the giang day doanh nghiep, td chuc xa hdi - nghe nghiep Viec phdn chuong trinh kien thue co ban, sinh vien cac nganh bd ngan sach nha nudc cho cae OH ap dung theo khae cd the cung hpc ehung; hodc sinh vien phuong thuc trpn gdi dua tren ket qua thuc hien ke cung cd the hpc d nhimg trudng chuyen nganh khae hoach hoatdpng trung hgn (6 ndm) da dupc BpGiao cung University theo chuong trinh tu chpn due - Van hda - The thao - Khoa hoe va Cdng nghe Ngoai ra, tai Hoa Ki cung xuat hien md hinh co sd phe duyet Qua trinh tap doan hod cac OH cdng lap (campus) thupc trucmg DH; nghTa la trudng DH cd d Nhat Ban thuc hien vdl muc tieu tang cudng tinh the md rdng phgm vi tuyen sinh tren toan qudc hodc ddc lap, tu chu va tu chiu trach nhiem cua cac BH tren the gidi bdng each dat cac campus tai nhieu cdng lap, ap dung md hinh quan li kieu doanh nghiep dja phuong hogc qudc gia khac nhau, vdi he thdng quan trj OH (3) quan li chuan muc gan nhu nguyen ban vdi co sd - Vien Cong nghe chinh Vi du: OH Webster Hoa Ki, lap nam (The Royal Melbourne Hoang gia Melbourne Institute of Technology 1915 tai phd St Louis Hien trudng cd University- RMIT) - Uc la moi trudng OH co try sd hang chuc campus ndm khdp lien bang va cd chinh tai Trung tdm thupng mai cua phd campus tai cac nudc tren the gidi nhu London Melbourne Trudng cung cd co sd thu dat tai TP (Anh), Vienna {Ao}, Geneva (Thuy ST), Leiden (Ha Hd Chi Minh lay ten la BH Qudc te RMIT Viet Lan); Bangkok (Thai Lan) , (2) - Ta/W/ia/San, sau The chien thu'2, chinh phu Nhat Ban tien hanh tai co cau hethong giao dycOH, Nam, vdl hang ngan sinh vien theo hpc DH Qudc te RMIT Viet Nam la c o s d chinh tai chau A cua RMIT Mpt nhiJng cam ket chien lupc cua dd cd ehinh sach cai each giao due OH vao RMIT la nham xdy dung mdt "OH ddi", theo nam 1984 Chinh sach tao cho he thdng giao CP sd cua RMIT tai Viet nam se ia cau nd'i ch§t due OH Nhat Ban cd nhung thay doi co ban ve co che giQa RMIT Melbourne cua Uc vdi chdu A.De cau hethd'ng theo mdhinh cac trudng OH cua Hoa thuc hien cam ket dai han nay, RMIT Viet Nam Ki, vdi he thdng dao tao cap trinh dp cao dang, cu dang phat trien da dang hda cac chuong trinh dao nhan, thac sT va tien sT Thdi ki d Nhat Ban da tao, cac du an nghien cdu mang tam khu vuc, cac phat trien manh me cac OH da nganh, da linh vue mdl quan he vdi chinh phu va doanh nghiep, cung nhuOH Tokyo, DH Osaka, OH Kyoto, Cac trudng nhugia tdng sdlupng sinh vien va nghien cuu sinh DH Idn d Nhdt Ban cung cd nhieu trudng vien, chuong trinh trao doi sinh vien gida RMIT moi tnidng vien chuyen dao tao mpt nganh Viet Nam va cac co sd khae khu vi/c Vdn hodc nhdm nganh nhat djnh Vi dy: OH Tokyo cd bdng dupe cap eho ngudi hoc td RMIT Viet Nam 15 tnii^g OH vien va 11 hpe vien; DH Tong cd gia trj tuong duong vdi vdn bdng cap tai Uc, vi hpp Kyoto cd tnidng vien chuong trinh dao tao cua RMIT Viet Nam lien Tuy nhien, den thap nien cudi the ki XX va dau quan true tiep den cac ITnh vuc hogt dong cua the ki XXI, de dap ung vdi nhu cau phat trien cua dat doanh nghiep tai Viet Nam va dupc gdn vdi yeu nudc, Nhdt Ban da tien hanh cai each he thdng giao cau hpi nhdp rat nhanh vdi the gidi (4) dye OH mdt each triet de, dd, dae diem eo ban nhait cua eudc eai each la qua trlnh tap doan hoa - Vien Cong nghe chau A (Asian Institute of Technology • AIT) - Thai Lan \amq\mn daotao cac OH edng Idp, Theo xu hudng nay, cae eo sd giao sauDH vekTthudt, cdng nghe vaquan li AIT dupc dye H don nganh 6iiqc ket hpp va td chdc lai thanh lap vao ndm 1959 vdi chdc nang la trudng cac OH da nganh, da ITnh vuc Nam 2003, Lual ve dao tao sau DH ve kTthuat cua khdi SEATO Muc ^pdban hoa DH cong 6a6isqc thong qua Oen nam tieu eua AIT la dao tao ngudn nhdn li/c ed trinh 2004 tat ea eac OH cdng da dupc tap doan hoa dp eao dam nhiem vai trd ddn dau cho su phat Theo luat nay, tn/dng OH khdng cdn che dp cdng trien ben vung cua khu vuc va qua trinh hdi nhdp chuc ddi vdi dpi ngu giang vien va can bp quan li vao nen kmh te the gidi Ngan sach cua AIT Tap doan OH cd mdi quan he chat che vdi cae cac td chuc va chinh phu tren the gidi (ban dau la Tap chi Gido due so 304 -(ki2-2/2013) cac nude khd'i SEATO) ddng gdp Ban dau, AIT ndm trudng (Thai Lan) trudc hoat ddng dpe lap vao thang 11/1967 Hien nay, AIT cd CO sd dao tao chinh dat tai va nhat mot trung tam tai Thai Lan Trung tdm cua AIT tai Viet Nam (AITCV) dupc lap tu nam 1993 Hoat dpng chinh cua Trung tam la dao tgo cac chuong trinh thac sl giai doan (giai doan d Viet Nam va giai doan d Thai Lan) Ben canh dd, Trung tam cung td chuc cac khda dao tao ngdn han AITCV cung dang to chdc nhung Idp thac sT cd thoi gian hpc chi 12 thang, hpc tai Viet Nam va chi sang Thai Lan khoang tuan de lay bdng Professional Master vdi cac chuyen nganh nhu Vidn thdng, Quan li xay dung (6) Hien tai, AITCV doi ten Vien cong nghe chau A • Viet Nam (AITVN) Qua 16 nam hoat dpng vdi su nd luc hop tac giiia Chinh phu Viet Nam vdl AIT va vdi AITCV da cdng su menh phat trien eae chuong trinh dao tao vdi viec trien khai hang tram khoa dao tgo tren H va cac khoa bdi duong ehuyen mdn chat lupng cao theo tieu chuan qudc te cho hang ngan can bp Viet Nam, gdp phan khong nhd cho su phat trien xa hdi va khoa hpc edng nghe cua Viet Nam -CTV/efWam, mdhinh tn/dng OH da phan hieu dd xuat hien td lau, nhung phat trien manh nha't la nhi/ng ndm cud'i the ki XX va dau the ki XXI Tuy nhien, hien vln cdn nhieu van de ddt ra, dd la: co eau tdchdc bp may CO che quan li ddi VPI md hinh nhuthe nao de thich dng vdi bdi canh kinhtexa hpi hien Nhu vdy, trudc van de thuc tien ve su xuat hien loai hinh tnidng OH da phan hieu tgi Viet Nam, can phai cd casali luan, ca sdtht/c lien vemd hinh quan li truang DH da phan hieu nhdm de xuat cac giai phap quan li ddi vcri loai hinh tnidng de nang cao hieu qua hogt ddng, gdp phan dap ung nhu cau xa hpi ve dao tao ngudn nhan luc va thi/c hien subinh ddng va cdng bdng giao due • ddo tao.G (1) Lam Quang Thi$p - D.Bruce Johnslone • Phillip G Altiach (dAng chu bifin) Gido due dai hoc Hoa ki NXB GidO(/(/c,H 2006 (2) NguCn: www.wehster.ac.th (3) Trin Khanh Diic "Cai each giao due D^i hoc Nhat Ban va Dai hoc Hiroshima qua trinh ijp doan hoa" Tap chi Khoa hoe xd hpi vd nhdn vdn; Dai hoc q u ' c g i a H a N i s ' , nam2008 (4) Ngu6n; www.rmit.edu.vn (5) Ngu6n: Webside• www.ailcv.ac.vn (6) Hong Nga "AIT50 ndm xdy dung vd phdt triin " Bao DiSn ddn doanh nghiep (dien tii), 30/10/2009 SUMMARY In the trend of integration and globalization taking place daily, knovtrledge economy and market economy are developmg powerfully along with the rapid development of science and technology: education in general and university education in particular has had changes m the direction of diversity of organizational models and management methods m order to supply the needs of society about human resource training In the period of economic reform in Vietnam, the shift of the economy towards the tendency ofinduslnalization and modemizaUon leads to significant change of Job structure and industrial civilization has spread quickly and impacted strongly to remote areas of the country This has created the demand to have a good educational and training system of young people and workers in these remote areas Since then, it causes a social movement in which almost young people in remote areas want to come to the big city for university study, college study and Job finding This leads to unbalanced development about training and human resource use among the regions in the country THONG BAO Tap chi Giao due ttiang ki, dat mua thuan tien tfii cac buu cue dia phuung (Ma s o C i ) hoae dat mua taic tiep tai Toa soan (so Itrong Ion) theo dia chi: TAP CHI GIAO DUC, Trinh Hoai Due, quAn Ddng Da, Ha Npi Kinh moi ban doc, cac don vi giao due, truung hpc tiep tue dat mua Tap chi Giao due nam 2013 Moi lien he xin gui ve dia chi tren hoae lien lac qua so dien thoiu: 04.37345363; Fax: 04.37345363 Xin tran cam on TAP CHi GIAO DUC Tqp chi Gido due so 304 (ki2-2/2013)-