C Q N G H I C N C U U PHUONG PHAP KIEM TRA, DANH GIA KET QUA HOC TAP MON HOC TRONG CAC TRI/dNG DAI HOC 1 DItvSnde Kilm tra v l dinh gil (KTDG) kit qud hpc t$p cCia sinh viln (SV) d mpt mdn hpc 11 mOt[.]
C Q NGHICNCUU PHUONG PHAP KIEM TRA, DANH GIA KET QUA HOC TAP MON HOC TRONG CAC TRI/dNG DAI HOC ThS.TRAN THI THANH PHiraNG Trudng Dgi hgc Dl^n Itfc DItvSnde Kilm tra v l dinh gil (KTDG) kit qud hpc t$p cCia sinh viln (SV) d mpt mdn hpc 11 mOt vin di khdng don gidn Nhidm vy cua kilm tra vd ddnh gid Id xdc dmh dupe tinh hinh kiln thdc su thinh thgo cde kT ndng, ning cao ndng tUduy; phln tich, tdng hpp, phln dodn, h$ thdng hda, khIl qudt hda cdc kiln thUc ciia mdn hpc dd dulpc gilng dgy Qua kilm tra v l ddnh gid, SV ty nhin bilt dypc vi^c hpc t^p cOa minh vd gidng vidn (GV) ty xem lal vd dinh g(l d c phuong phIp gilng dgy da sd dung,thlydupccdc mdt dgt dupc cung nhUnhUng mIt chua dat d l eli tiln, dinh dupe nhCmg bidn phIp su pham thfch hpp hon nda nhdm ning cao chit tupng gilng dgy [1] Ddi vdi nhd trudng, khoa, nhCmg ngudi qudn If ddo tgo, qua kilm tra vd ddnh gil cd t h i hd troche gidng viln hodn thdnh tdt vide gidng dgy cOa hp vd quan trpng hon nda Id hodn thien mue tieu ddo tgo eCia minh Trong phgm vi bll vilt nly, tdc gil xin d l elp din nhdng npi dung ehinh: d c khIi nilm kilm tra vd ddnh gid, ddc diem vd nhilm vy co bdn cOa phuong phIp KTDG chit tupng; vd cle phuong phdp kilm tra vd ddnh gil chit lupng thudng dupc dting qui trinh day hpc d ble dai hpc cung nhy uu, nhupc dilm cCia d c toal hinh kilm tra vd ddnh gid ndy Trin co sd dd, tie gil dua mdt s6 'j' kiln nhIm dua phuong phdp kilm tra v l ddnh gil chit tupng din vdl GV v l SV, gdp phln ning cao chit tupng hpc t^p dbic dgt hpcvd trdn dai hpc Khdi niem ve kiem tra, d i n h g l i 2.1.K!imtra K i l m tra Id q u i trinh ludng d l dUa d c n h i n x l t , p h l n q u y l t dya v I o d c k i t qud thyc t l so sdnh vdi nhdng tidu c h u I n n h I m phdt hidn su sai l^ch vd n g u y i n n h i n sU sal Idch, d i n h gid thye trgng, xdc djnh d c m I t tlch cyc, lign e h l vd nguydn n h i n , t d dd dda bidn p h I p d i d i l u ehinh kip thdi hudng tdt myc tidu d l [6] K i l m tra I I m d t chdc ndng eo bdn, chd y l u eQa q u i trinh dgy h p e Chdc ndng n l y g d m : • Xdcd/n/j/clfqudhpctdpcOaSVtheonhOng myc tidu ei^a mdn hpe 32-KHOAHQCGlAODVC Phdt hi^n l^h lgc Vile k i l m tra se phdt hl^n dupe nhdng mdt dgt duac vd chua dat dirpc md mdn hpc d l di ddi vdi SV Qua d d tim dUpc nhdng khd k h I n vd t r d nggi qud trinh hpc tip ' Diiu ehlnh lich lgc Qua kilm tra, GV tim dupe nhdng dilu chlnh eIn thilt qui trinh gidng day, loai trd nhCmg l§ch lgc thio gd nhdng khd khIn trd nggi, thdc dly qui trinh chilm ITnh tri thdc eua ngudl hpc 2.2 Ddnh gid T h u l t n g d ddnh gid (assessment) dupc nhilu tde g i l di e l p d d c ITnh vyc khde ddi sdng xa hdi Theo CRESST (Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards and Student Testing) thi, ddnh gid td qud trinh k i l m tra, d o kT n i n g vd ndng tyc Ddnh gid bao gdm cde k i l m tra ve ndng lUc, k i l m tra v l thdnh tlch vd k i l m tra sdng I p c Ddnh gid Id qud trinh t h u thdp cdc sd lilu, thdng tin n h l n ' d u p c k i l m ti-a d l ydc typng, n h i n djnh, p h l n dodn, p h l n tfch, x d tf thdng tin d l tim cdc chf sd v l lupng, g i l trj h o l e sy quan trpng cCia nd so sdnh v ^ cdc muc dlch, mue tidu da ddt t d trude vd t d d d dua p h l n x l t khuyin nghj vd d l x u l t c l e y k i l n n h I m giup d i t h i l n , d i tiln thfch hpp d l d i l u chfnh, n i n g cao c h i t tupng vd hl^u q u i hpe t i p vd g i l n g day [6] Ddnh gid cdn Id q u i trinh x l e djnh mdc dd dat d i n myc dfch y l u d u cOa ngUdl hpc ddi v33 Q NGHICNCUU- cSn tao iliu ki§n cho SV phSt huy t(nh t^r gISc, kiln thOrc SV cd chpn lUa, thii dd hpc tip, sir nhay trung thuc, ddc l^p, sSng tao liim bSi k\im bin nim bit vin d l , phit triln ki ning ndi, tra du bit kl hinh thiJc nJo GV cSn t?o kh6ng ning ijng ddi v i kT ning trlnh biy i tudng ciia SV khf thoSi mill, tatin, trinh cSng thSng Oi SV c6 t h i miJc dd kiln thilc nhin dupc Ifu dilm li dat duoc kit quS diing nSng luc cCia hp, Kilm tra tri/c tilp ddi tho?ii vdl SV, tfnh khieh quan tuong Mk aSnh gl4 Id hai c6ng vl^c c(5 n6i dung khic ddi eao nlu cd nhilu GV hdi v i d i t dupc nhilu nhung c6 quan hi wit thilt v6i nhau, Th6l dilm ciu hdi d l lupng gii nhilu mit: Mdc dd suy luin, kilm tra vi dinh gii trU6c hoc t i p nhSm tuyIn SI/ nhanh tri hay khdng? Nhupc dilm cOa vin li;a nhCrng hoc vl§n c6 t h i hgc nhCfng khoi theo dip l i ft thdi gian eho SV suy nghT, mit thdi gian tilu chi hay muc tilu cCia dcrn vj dio tao, hoic nlu tfnh chil ddng v i su tfch eUc trpng hpc tip hoc tip v i sau hpc xong hpc phin theo quy cGa SV kIm 4.5 Trdcnghlim khdch qudn djnh Tilu chuin cCia trie nghilm: Ciu trie nghilm Mot sd phUomg phip kiem tra, dinh g i i ket q u i hoc t i p mon hoc thong dung d bac tfal phii rd ring, giCip dinh gii dupc kit qui hpc tip giing day, soan thio phii dua theo muc tilu vi hoc giio trlnh, ting kiln thilc ciia SV v i giiip SV nhin 4.1 Quan sdt trin I6p Li phuong phip thu thip th6ng tin v l SV djnh dupc nhCmg phin cdt ldi cOa mdt vin dl Uu thftng qua tri glic trUc tilp v i ghi chip trung thi/c dilm: Trpng mdt thdi gian ngSn cd t h i kilm tra nhOng hoat d6ng, kl ning thi,rc hinh, kl ning giii dupc nhilu kiln thiJc cu thi, ttmg khfa canh khic quylt vin dl, hinh vi, phin ilng, thil d^, sic thii Sd ciu hdi nhilu nIn bao him tfnh dan tinh cim, cic tinh hudng cu thi l/u dilm trif Idn Tdn It thdf gian thUc hiin khiu cua phuong phip niy l i GV dinh gii, nhin xlt kit chim bii Bio dim tinh khieh quan, dd tin ciy cao chim dilm Giiip GV c6 t h i dCing cic phuong qui hpc t i p v i rin luyin ciia SV trUc tilp phip thdng k l toin hpc nhim phit hlln dupe sU 4.2 Bdi ldm tu ludn Muc tilu cOa loai hinh niy l i kilm tra kiln thijTC, tilp thu ddng bd hay khdng Idp hoc Cho sUchuyencinvi ning phin tich - tdng hppvi phip lupng hoi dupe vile giing day SV ed thi tu lip luin cCia SV Uu dilm l i kilm tra dupc trlnh dd, dinh gii bii lim cda minh Giiip eho SV kT ning su ITnh hpi kiln thCfc duoc cung cip, nang dien phin doin vin d l Do can cd thao tic v i tu dat, trlnh biy ndi dung lip luin glii quylt vin d l , nhanh nIn trinh dupc quay cdp, sd thi sinh ning suy luin logic, ning tU d mifc ddng dung phUPng phip niy l i thuan Ipi Nhupc dd cao, nang sang tao cCia SV Vile biln soan dilm: SV lim bii mdt cich bl ddng dp khdng ylu ciu hdi tuong ddi d l , tdn ft thdi gian v i cd t h i dua ciu SV diln dat bii giii dudi dang hinh vin Han vio kinh nghilm Nhupc dilm l i tfnh khieh quan ehl tu sing tao cua SV, chf rIn luyen tri nhd khdng cao, vl phu thudc vio chCr vilt, ning miy mdc NhOfng ciu trie nghilm cin tuduy tdng diln dat, cich giii bii, cich hinh vin Tfnh vd tu hpp khdng t h i lim thdi gian ngin cd chl v i sing sudt cOa GV chim bii khdng dim bio Mit djnh dupc Chi cho GV bilt kit qui lim bii c£ia nhilu thdi gian chSm bii v i thudng chl kilm tra SV, khdng bilt qui trlnh v i ning tU giii SI; ITnh hdi kiln thiJc SV B l thi tu luin mdt quylt vin d l cOa SV Khi SV tueiu triic bii lim cOa thdi gian ngin khdng kilm tra dupc hit muc tilu minh SV cd dilu kiln bdc Id tu tudng, kT ning, tinh cim, thii dd llln quan din mdn hpc dupc kilm chupng trlnh tra Mdt nhupc dilm nula l i rit tdn ngUdi lim dl 4.3.Cduh6ingAn LTu dilm cCia loai hinh niy bao quit, d l soan thi v i khdng dinh gii duoc nhOfng nang tU thio, tinh khieh quan tuong ddi v i dinh gii nhanh d mdc dd cao Nhupc diem l i kilm tra ning tdng hpp khdng 4.6.rAit/lu'c/ldn/i cao Dilu ki^n dat kit qui cap cOa Ipai hinh niy l i Muc tilu cOa loai hinh niy l i kilm tra kiln thiJc dat vin d l chfnh xic, rd ring v i cich giii quylt d i hpc v i kT nang vin dung trpng hiin thuc vi glii phii ngin gpn, nhanh chdng quylt vin d l thuc t l vdi su hd trp eCia cdng cu va sd lilu cu thi Uu dilm l i tinh khieh quan cao v'ltu 4.4 VSn tdp Li phupng phip GV sOr dung thudng xuyIn thin SV phii glii quylt vin d l dupc ylu cSu v i phd biln nhit dinh gii nhSm kilm tra v i kit qui cd t h i dupc dinh gii khieh quan Nhuoc KHDI HOC GUtO DUC NGHIEN ctm C Q dilm td mit nhieu thdi gian vd d n cd dd thilt bj, djnh kl ghi tai nhdng npi dung kiln thdc hp nim phuong tien vd eo sd thdc tip Dilu kidn dat kit dupc trdn Idp vd phdt triln nhdng kiln thdc qud cao II d n hodn t i t kiln thde H thuylt trude slu rdng hon tren co sd tham khdo cdc til lieu vdo thyc hdnh v l siJa soan chu ddo phyong tiln khdc vd nghidn cUu cCia chfnh minh Sd tay cdng thiet bj tryde trlnh thdi gian chit khIu ehuin tie tgo eho SV thdi quen nghidn cUu khoa hpc vd bi kIm cd t h i trd thdnh mpt tdi tilu rlt hdu Ich trin eon 4.7 Sinh viin tUKTDG vd ddnh gid d6ngd6ng dudng nghiln cdu khoa hpe sau ndy Ghi Igi kiln Mue tieu cua loai hinh Id SV tU KTDG v l thde mdt cdch cd hd thdng giup SV dinh hudng KTDG tin nhau, SV se hpc cdch ddnh gid no tue v l dupc ITnh vyc khoa hpc md hp quan tdm Nhupc tien bd cl nhin, bilt edeh nhin tgi qui trinh hpc tdp dilm Id bdi t|p ndy ddi hdi SV phll ed ^ thUe hpc vd ty phlt hidn nhdng dilm d n thay ddi d l hodn tip cao vd mpt khd ndng nghidn cdu khoa hpc thien bdn thin L/u dilm Id phdt triln vi^c ty hpe nhlt djnh md khdng phii bit ed SV ndo cung cd SV, tao dupe mdi trudng hpc tdp thin thiln dupe Thd hai td vile ddnh gid djnh kl s6 tay cdng gida SV vdi nhau, dilu kidn tdt cho vif c hd trp tie khdng mang tinh hidu qud eao vl tilu chf ddnh eting tiln hpc tip vd vide kilm tra mdt vin gid khd xdc djnh, vide ddnh gid mit nhilu thdi d l ed thi dupe lap di lip tgi nhilu lln Nhupc dilm gian vd cdng sdc eOa GV la tinh khdch quan khdng eao ngudi tu kilm 4.7 Bdi tdp Idn, dn, ludn van tra ed t h i ty thda mdn vdi cdu trd Idi hodc kit qud Bdi tdp Idn 11 logi h1nh bdi tdp tdng hpp vdi su minh tim dypc Dilu kl^n dgt kit qud cao Id SV phll tip tuln ding kl, khdi tupng tfnh toln idn, dting nghilm khIc vdi chfnh minh, ty kilm tra mpt vin nhilu kT thult tfnh v l ndi chung cd t h i chia thdnh de nhilu tin, nhilu mit qua nhilu elu hdi tuong nhilu bdi tdp nhd Omg, bdi gidng phdi dupe ghi dly dd, chfnh xle vd Dd dn tdt nghiip td cdng trinh nghidn cdu d cd dti tdi lieu tham khdo mdc dp vda phdi mang thupc tinh kit thuc khod hpe cua SV cdc trudng cao ding, dai hoc kT thudt, Id 4.8, Diim sdch Log! hinh ddnh gil ndy ydu d u SV tim dpc CO sd chfnh d l hdi dong chlm thi eOa trUdng cdng tdi tidu tham khdo theo d l tdi da cho trude hole nhin tdt nghidp Dd dn tdt nghidp gdm 1^ thuylt, tu chpn Sau dpe SV tdm t i t phln tfch, binh thdc nghidm, tinh todn, bdn ve vd cdc ghi chip, gidi tuln v l tdi lieu dd dudi dang bdi vilt (essays] hodc thich d e tudn ed khoa hpc trinh bdy trude Idp (presentations) Dilm sdch giup Ludn vdn Id edng trinh nghidn cdu d mde dp SV hinh thdnh ki ning tim tdi lidu thfch hpp, chit vda phll, dupc trinh bdy trudc hOi ddng chlm thi Ipc thdngtin,danh gid chit lupng thdngtin.Nhupc eiia trudng dgi hpc hole viln nghien cdu di cdng dilm II SV cd t h i dpc mpt deh thu ddng, vide dpe nhgn tdt nghilp dai hpc hole cao hpc ehl dCmg d mUc tdm t i t ndi dung cda til lidu, cd t h i Dly II cdc logi hinh kilm tra vd ddnh gil ddi Id SV thilu til lidu tham khdo, hole thilu cdng cy hdi SV phll ed kT ning nghidn cdu khoa hpc ddc tim "dpe"tdi lidu mOt deh hi^u qud lip, kiln thde tdong ddi slu rdng vd quy thdi gian Idn 4.9, Bdo cdo Log! hinh danh gil ndy ylu d u SV vilt bio d o Phuong phdp kilm tra vd ddnh gid chit lupng thu hogch sau thye hdnh, vi dy nhudi thye dja, de cao vile ey t h i hod muc tilu dao tgo thdnh d c hdi thio, thf nghidm phdng lab \^lt bdo cio rdn tidu ehl dlu (outcomes) hay tidu chuIn SV tdt cho SV ki ning vilt, phln tlch tdng hpp dya trin nghidp (graduate attibutes) tddd xdy dyng chuong sd Hdu thyc t l Bao d o thu hogch, theo tdc gil, II trinh hpc vd quy trinh kilm tra, dinh gid dd mlu chdt cda "hpc di ddi vdi tianh' SV khdng cd xly dyng nOI dung, cdch thdc danh gil Cdc tilu chi thye hdnh nhOmg d i da hpc md cdn bilt mo xl, chf dau cdn II tiln di cho vide thdnh liptiduchf khai quit hoa kinh nghidm thyc t l gdp phln ning v l bilu mde dinh gid (criteria and standards) id ca cao kiln thdc chuyin mdn Tuy nhidn, vile ddnh gid sd vCfng chic cho cdng tic quIn tf chit Idpng bao d o thu hoach mit rlt nhilu thdi gian cCia GV Nhd vly, cd the thIy khdng cd phuong phap Bdn egnh vile dpc bdo d o , GV cdn phdi tryc tilp kilm tra vd ddnh gid ndo Id vgn ning ed t h i thay theo ddi vide thuc hdnh ci^a SV t h i hoan toln t i t cd dc phuong phdp cdn lai Chdng phdi hd trp cho Gidng vidn can van 4.10 S6 tay cong tdc Dly Id mpt toal hinh KTDG dOc dIo SV dyng thudng xuydn nhilu PP, Mdi PP kilm tra trdn (Xem dip trang 39) SUM-THANG 5/2012*35 NGHI£N cliiu Q t h i l t bj ddo tgo eho t i t cd ede n g h i , ndn d n Ida chpn Uu tien nhdng nghe trpng diem d p dd qude gia, khu vUc vd qude t l Ddi vdi thiet bj d I t t i l n , theo kinh nghidm cCia mpt sd nude d n cd sy chia sd trdch n h i l m d l u tugiUa mdt sd doanh nghidp tdn vd nhd nude hogch v l t d chdc thuc hidn ndng cao nang luc cho nhdm ddi tupng ndy./ c Ndng cao ndng lUc cda gido viin vd cdn bp qudn ii Doi vdi dpi ngu gido vidn dgy n g h i - nhdn td cue kl quan trpng v l tryc tilp vide ddi mdi phuang phdp dgy hpc n g h i v l k i l m tra ddnh gid k i t qud hpc tdp, ngodi ydu d u phdi td nhdng ngudi ed kinh nghidm thyc tien n g h i n g h i l p cdn d n dupc ddo tgo, bdi dudng nang cao ve nghidp vu ddnh gid kT nang/NLHN H i n g ndm d n t d chdc d l gido v i l n vd edn bd qudn If dgy n g h i dupc chuyin glao, e l p n h l t cdng nghd tal doanh nghidp, hole tham gia ddnh gid vd dupc ddnh gid KNN qude gia d ble trinh dd tuong Cmg theo quy djnh TAILI^UTHAMKHAO Hoang Ngoe Vinh, Nguyen Quang Viet, Development of Vietnam Qualifications Framework, What Are issues Remained?, AANZFTA Forum on ASEAN Regional Qualifications Framework,Thailand 2011 Shirley Fletcher, Competence Based Assessment Techniques, Kogan Page Ltd, London, 1995 Nguyen Quang Vidt, Pham XudnThu, Ddo tao nghi ddp Ung nhu cdu cua doanh nghiip vUa vd nhd, NXB Lao ddng - X I hOI, 2011 Recommendation 195 concerning Human Resources Development: Education, Training and Lifelong Learning, International Labour Office Geneva, 2005 Ddi vdi ddo tgo v l ddnh gid djnh hudng NLHN thi gido vidn vd d n bp qudn li d n ed khd ndng xdy dung ehuong trinh m d dun t d cdc don vi TCNL, chuIn bi dieu kidn vd phuong tidn ddo tgo, dgy hoc tich hop d e don vj TCNL vd ddnh gia NLHN Day la nhOmg v i n d l khd mdi md dVidt Nam nen p h l n Idn d n bO qudn li vd giao v i l n dgy n g h i ehua ed nhilu kinh nghiem Chlnh vl v l y , thdi gian tdi d n tap trung d l y mgnh hon niiti d e chuong trinh, ke SUMMARY Competency-based assessment is the current quality-driven approach to trainings and development of human resources The article highlights several issues on actual status and suggests workable solutions for assessment of learning outcomes driven by employability competences in Vietnam's TVET institutions lllllllllllllllllllllMIIMIIIIIIUMIIIIIIIllllllllllllllMlllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllMllllllllllliMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIir PHUONG PHAP KIEM TRA, DANH GIA,ilia (Tiep theo trang 35) d n cd PP g i l n g day tuong dng vd thfch hpp mdi dgt k i t q u i cao, khdc phuc dupe nhupe diem matters in higher education: Choosing and using diverse approaches, SRHE and Open University Press; Buckingham and Philadelphia 1999 TAILIEUTHAMKHAO Nguyen Thj Lan Phuong (ChCi bien) TS Duong Thidu Tdng, Trde nghiim vd Duong Van Hung - Nguyen Ddc Minh - Nguyen Le ludng thdnh qud hpc tdp, T^p I vd II, DHTH TPHCM, Thgch, Ddnh gid kit qud hpe tdp eua hgc sinh phd 1995 thdng - Mdt sd vdn di If ludn vd thUe tiin, NXB Giao Ronald BarnetX, Improving Higher Education ducViet Nam, 2011 -Total quality care SUMMARY Saba Rana, Quality Management In higher The writing touches upon testing and assessment education-A perspective, 2009 Lambert D., and Lines D., Understanding methods of subject-based learning outcomes and assessment: Purposes, perceptions and practices performance at tertiary level, with a particular Routledge Falmer; London and New York, 2000 mention to the concepts of testing and assessment; Brown G., Butt, J., and Pendtebury, M Assessing characteristics and tasks of testing and assessment; student learning in higher education, Routledge; and several common testing and assessment methods of subject-based learning outcomes and London and New York 1997 Brown S., and Gtasner A., (Eds.), Assessment performance at tertiary level sfisa-nANG 5/2012*39 ... d e h dde t i p vdo cudi kl hole gida kl md k l thda gida qud trinh hpc vdi d c ki thi, k i l m tra, gida ele kt thi, k i l m tra vd gida d e hinh thde k i l m tra va d i n h gid vdi NOi dung... i p ciJa SV, SV cdn phdi biet t y k i l m tra vd danh g i l k i t q u i hpe tap eCia chlnh minh Trong vide KTDG, mdi quan h i gida GV vd SV phdi dua trdn n g u y i n t i c t d n trpng Ian GV Slf80-THANG5/2012>33... Trdcnghlim khdch qudn djnh Tilu chuin cCia trie nghilm: Ciu trie nghilm Mot sd phUomg phip kiem tra, dinh g i i ket q u i hoc t i p mon hoc thong dung d bac tfal phii rd ring, giCip dinh gii dupc