ffl NGHIEN CUfU THIET KE GIAO AN DAY HOC TICH CUC PHU HOP VQII THUC TE DAY HOC 6 PHO THONG, GOP PHAN P H A T TRIEN NANG LUC SANG TAO CHO SINH VIEN HOA Of TRUQING SU PHAM Trong thife t l , mdt sd dja p[.]
ffl NGHIEN CUfU THIET KE GIAO AN DAY HOC TICH CUC PHU HOP VQII THUC TE DAY HOC PHO THONG, GOP PHAN P H A T TRIEN NANG LUC SANG TAO CHO SINH VIEN HOA Of TRUQING SU PHAM TS CAD THI THANG men Khoa hoc Gilo due VIM Nam TliS NGUYEN TH! HONG GAM Truing Cao ding Hli BUong Trong thife t l , mdt sd dja phuong ed dii dilu dung ehUOng va de xult d c phUOng In phu kidn d l I p dung ele phuong phap day hpe mdi, sd hpp vdi thifc t l day hpc GV cd t h i ho trp 64 chpn dung cdng nghd thdng tin, phuong tidn trde quan ndi dung phii hpp nhlt Vf du: Day hpe phii hpp vdi dilu kidn co sd vlt v i o day hpe nhdng eung ed nhdng dja phuong vdng slu, viing xa cdn han c h l v l trUdng Idp, co chat d dja phuong: + Phuong I n day hpe khdng ed dii dilu sd v l t chit, thilt bj day hpe tdi thilu, Bdn eanh dd, trinh dp hpc sinh d tdng Idp, tdng trudng, tdng kidn v l CO sd v l t chit, dd dung day hpe (vCing sau, dja phuong eung khac nhau, Vi vay, vide day hpe vung xa) + Phuong I n day hpe cd dilu kidn v l thi phit huy ttnh tfch cue eiia hpe sinh phli difa vao d i l u kidn co sd v l t chit, trinh dp cua hpc sinh thi nghiem, thdc hanh nhUng khdng cd miy tfnh, may mdi dat hidu q u i eao nhlt Nhlm phat huy nang ehilu (viing ndng thdn), •I- Phuong I n day hpe cd dd dilu kidn v l co life sing tao (NLST) cua sinh vidn (SV) sd pham I p dung d c phuong phip day hpe d nhdng d i l u sd v l t chat, thilt bj day hpc (vimg thj) Hole day hpc vdi sif phin hda hpc sinh: kidn khie nhau, can ydu eau SV thifc hidn nhidm -I- Day hpc vdi ddi tdpng hpe sinh gidi vij md: Thilt k l gilo I n day hpc phd hpp vdi d i l u kidn dja phuong Khi thifc hidn nhidm vu nay, SV (trddng ehuydn, Idp ehpn) -I- Day hpc vdi ddi tdpng hpe sinh trung binh, bilt I p diing nhdng phuong phap day hpc tfch cue, p h i t huy NLST cua minh v i o thUe tien day ylu - Chia nhdm, d c nhdm nhan thilt k l gilo an hpe d phd thdng eho phu hpp vdi d i l u kidn t h i l t bj day hpc v l trinh dp nhan thdc cda hpc day hpe dng vdi tdng d i l u kidn eii t h i ciia thifc te day hpe sinh d tdng trudng, tdng dja phuong Mdi nhdm t h i o luan, lap k l hoaeh, phan Quy trinh thtfc hien Chung tdi da thifc hidn theo quy trinh gdm edng edng vide eho tdng viln BUdc 3: SV thuc hiin thiet ki (sogn) gido dn budc nhusau: SV thifc hidn theo k l hoaeh v l sif phin edng StCdc 7; Ciing viin thiet kikihogch Budc 4: TochCfc nghiem thu, ddnh gid gido dn • Gilng vidn (GV) nghidn edu npi dung ehi t i l t cua chuong (bai), ehpn Ida ndi dung d l phat dgy hgc cua cac nhdm - Nhdm trudng bio d o sin phlm hole phit triln NLST cho SV qua ydu eau thilt k l gilo an day hpc tteh cue phu hpp vdi thde t l day hpe, d i m bao eho d c nhdm nghidn edu - CIc nhdm nhan xet, trao ddi, bd sung GV kit chuan kiln thdc, ki ning luan -Thilt k l hoat ddng day hpc -Td chdc cho day thd (nlu ed thdi gian) - Xle djnh edng cu d i n h g i l NLST - Dinh g i l gilo I n day hpe dua v i o d c tidu Budc 2: CVto chdc cho 5V thio ludn, lua chgn cht ciia philu danh g i l gilo I n day hpc: D i m bio phuang dn - SV nghidn cdu phuong phip day hpc (PPDH) chuan kiln thdc, ki ning; t h i l t k l bai logic, hpp li; cda chuang, nghidn cdu tai lidu v l ddi mdi PPDH d ndi dung day dd, chlnh xle, diing trpng t i m ; phii hpp dilu kidn thifc t l day hpe; phit huy dupc ttnh trudng trung hpc co sd - SV thio luin de chon mdt bai hole mdt ndi tteh cue, ehii ddng sing tao cda hpc sinh; ed sd ddi 2 ' K H O A HQC GlAO OVC NGHIEN mdi, sing tao Budc 5: Odnh gii sUsing tgo cda SV Kit q u i d i n h g i l g i l o I n day hpc qua sU d i n h g i l cda g i l o vidn va d i n h g i l lan cua sinh vidn, die bidt d muc p h i t huy tinh chu ddng, sing tao cda hpc sinh, cd y tudng ddi mdi, sang tao Ket q u i thtfc nghidm Chung tdi d l I p dung hudng niy vdi d c chuong 2,3,4,5,6 cda hpc phin Phuong phip day hpc Hda hpc d trudng cao ding sd pham Vi du 1: Khi nghidn edu npi dung chuong "Phuong phip day hpe chuong kim loai, phi kim" Chung tdi d l cho SV chpn mdt bai tidu bilu d l t h i l t k l giao I n day hpc phii hpp vdi d i l u kidn day hpe nhlm phit huy sd sing tao cua SV sd dung d c PPDH tteh eifc Hogt ddng 1: Thdo lugn phuang phdp dgy hgc cda chuang - GV cho SV tu dpc v l d c PPDH tfch ede (GV ed t h i cung d p t l i lidu, dja ehi trang web); PPDH eua chuong, - GV td chdc cho SV t h i o luan: -1- SV t h i o luin v l PPDH eda chuong; ele PPDH tfch cdc cd t h i sd dung 64 day hpc d e bli chuong + GV bd sung, hoin ehinh Hogt ddng 2: Chgn bdi, thdo ludn phuang dn thiit ki gido dn - GV cho SV chpn bai (GV cd t h i djnh hudng) 64 thilt k l gilo I n day hpc phii hpp vdi d i l u kien day hpc d dia phdpng Sinh vidn chpn b l i "Sit" (sich gilo khoa Hda hpe 9) SV p h i t bilu v l d i l u kidn day hpe d dja phuang cua minh; t h i o luan v l d e phuong an day hpc phu hpp vdi d i l u kidn day hpc thdc te d dja phuong •I- Thio l u i n t h i l t k l g i l o I n day hpc theo trudng hop (Phuang I n day hpc khdng cd dd d i l u kidn v l co sd v l t chit, dd ddng day hpc): Cho SV t h i o luan, sau g i l o vidn nhan xdt, ehdt lai v i n d l VI khdng ed du co sd v l t chit, d i l u kidn t h i l t bi thi nghidm d l day hpc ndn khdng dung thi nghidm va cdng nghd thdng tin de day hpc SV n i o sing tao se lidn hd thdc t l mdt sd tinh c h i t cua sit d l minh hpa nhu ttnh ddo, k h i n i n g n h i l m td, dan didn, t i e dung vdi oxi Thay tht nghidm thde t l b i n g hinh ve md t l thi nghidm Thio luan eleh sd dung c l u hdi, bai tap cuuCQ nhd b l l de ren luydn v l phat huy NLST eiia hpc sinh + Thao luan thilt k l gilo an day hpc theo trudng hpp (Phuong an day hpe ed dilu kidn v l thi nghidm, thde hanh nhUng khdng ed miy tinh, may chilu): Cho SV thao luan d e h sddung thi nghidm 64 day hpc: sddung thi nghidm bilu dien, thi nghiem ddi chdng, thf nghidm nghidn cud, Mpt sd luu y sd dung thi nghiem, Thao luan d e h sd dung elu hdi, bai tap nhd bai d l rdn luydn v l phat huy NLST eda hpc sinh, + Thio luan t h i l t k l gilo I n day hpc theo trudng hpp (Phuong an day hpc cd du dilu kidn v l CO sd v l t chat, thilt bj day hpe): Cd nhilu sleh tham khio d l thilt k l gilo an didn td bin trdn thj trudng Tuy nhidn sif sang tao eiia SV phli dupe t h i hidn d eho cd sd van dung linh hoat, sd dung 6ugc phuong phap mdi, khdng rap khudn theo gilo I n mau - GV bd sung, hoan chinh - Chia nhdm, thiet k l giao an day hpc tuong dng vdi trudng hpp - Moi nhdm thao luan, phan edng edng vide eho tdng vidn Vt du: -t- Nhdm 1: Thilt k l k l hoaeh day hpc theo trudng hpp Phin cdng nhidm vu: A la nhdm trddng CIc ban ed trach nhidm moi ngudi thilt k l mpt k l hoaeh day hpc, nop eho A A cd trich nhidm dpc, tdng hpp, hoin chlnh mpt k l hoach day hpe dai didn eho nhdm -1- Nhdm 2: Thilt k l k l hoaeh day hpc theo trudng hpp Phan edng nhidm vu: B la nhdm trudng, C la thu kt B dilu khiln cho e l nhdm thio luan de thdng nhlt v l eleh sd dung thi nghiem bai day C cd trich nhiem ghi chdp va cung B thilt k l ke hoaeh day hpc dai didn eho nhdm + Nhdm 3: Thiet k l k l hoaeh day hpc theo trudng hpp Phan cdng nhidm vu: D lam nhdm trUdng, dilu khiln thio luan d l thdng nhlt phuong phip day hpe tich cue sd thdc hidn, phin cdng ele ban soan gilo I n theo phuong phap da ehpn Hogt dgng 3: SV thiit kigido dn (hogt ddng ndy thuc hiin ngodi gid) - SV thife hidn edng vide theo sd phin cdng, - GV gpi •jf, hd trp n l u can, Hogt dgng 4: Nghiem thu ddnh gid gido dn Si78-THilNG3/2812*23 IQQ NGHliN CUU - Nhdm trudng b i o d o sin phlm, - GV cd the ydu elu day t h i hidn mpt doan gilo I n - CIc nhdm nhan xdt, trao ddi, bd sung, GV k i t luan, - Oanh g i l gilo I n day hpc: difa vao philu dinh gia giao I n day hpc Qua td chdc cho SV thuc hidn chiing tdi thly vdl mdi trudng hpp SV cd t h i dda dupc td 3-4 d c h khie TrUdng hpp (day hpe tteh cue d nhdng vung slu, xa, hpe sinh ed ning life trung binh, khdng ed dilu kidn thUe hidn tht nghidm): SV sd dung day hpc neu v l giii quyet v i n d l kit hpp dung sleh gilo khoa, tranh vd, dung eu true quan gilo vidn tif lam Trudng hpp (Ip dung ddi vdi nhilu ddi tupng hpe sinh khi, gidi, trung binh d nhilu dja phuong): SV sd dung day hpc tich cue vdi thilt bi day hpc tdi thilu nhU sd dung thi nghidm kit hpp phuong phip ndu va giii quylt van 64, hpc hpp tie theo nhdm nhd.Trudng hpp (Ip dung ddi vdi ddi tupng hpe sinh khi, gidi, ed ning lam vide dde lap, d dia phuong ed dieu kidn ve thilt bj day hpe): SV d l bilt sd dung mpt sd PPDH tteh eife mdi nhu hpc theo gdc, hpe theo hpp ddng, hpe theo dif I n v l mdt sd ki thuat day hpe: khin trii bin, sodd tuduy VI du 2: Khi nghidn cdu ndi dung chuong "Phuang p h i p day hpc chuong "Dung djch, d c khli nidm oxit, bazo, axit va mudi", chiing tdi chpn b l i "Ndng dp dung dieh" (Sleh gilo khoa Hda hpe 8) d l SV t h i l t k l g i l o I n day hpc phu hpp vdi d i l u kiln t h i l t bj day hpe va trinh dp eiia hpc sinh Vdi bai v l dung djch, qua t h i o luan, SV cung dua dUpc nhilu phuong I n day hpc v l thilt k l gilo I n khic nhU: Hpe theo gde, hpc theo hpp ddng d l I p dung d dja phuong cd dieu kidn v l trang thilt bj day hpc va trinh dp hpc sinh khi, gidi Sd dung phuong phip ndu v l giii quylt van d l k i t hpp vdi sd dung tht nghidm v l hpc hpp tac theo nhdm nhd ddi vdi dja phuong ed thilt bj day hpe tdi thilu Ngoai ra, SV edn dUa thdm 6ugc cic phuang I n day hpc phin hda theo mde dp cda ele bai tap ciing cd nhif: Odi vdi hpc sinh khi, gidi thi dua thdm mot sd dang b l i xac djnh ndng dp eiia dung djch khdng cd nhan, tinh ndng dp cda dung djch sau phin dng nhu cho natri vao ndde Vdi hpc sinh trung binh kha thi sddung ele bai tap nhu sach gilo khoa •KHOA HQC GUo DVC Ket luan Nhu vay vide thue hidn nhiem vu: t h i l t k l gilo I n theo hudng day hpe tfch eifc phu hpp vdi thife t l dja phuong va trinh dp eiia hpc sinh, d e SV d l tfeh cUc dpc lap d l 64 x u l t d c phuong I n khic va thUc hidn mpt eleh sing tao, khdng rap khudn may mdc, p h i t huy dupe nang lue sang tao eiia mdi SV va tap t h i nhdm, ldp Qua thuc hanh soan g i l o I n va danh g i l giao an theo d e tidu cht, d i e bidt la tidu chi day hpe tieh cue va y tudng mdi, sing tao, d c SV d l hilu ro d c bilu hien eua NLST va bien p h i p p h i t triln NLST cho hpe sinh day hpe Hda hpc, Oly la mdt djnh hddng mdi cd t h i I p dung day hpc PPDH Hda hpc mpt eleh tfch cifc va hidu q u i gdp phin d i o tao nhdng giao vidn ed nang life sang tao gilng day, TAI Lieu THAM KHAO Nguyen Cuong (2007), Phuang phdp dgy hgc hod hgc d trudng thdng vd dgi hgc Mdt sdvdn di cabdn, NXB Gllo due Nguyen CUOng, Nguyin Manh Dung (2001), Phuang phdp dgy hgc Hda hoc, Tap 2, Sleh Cao dang su pham, NXB Dai hpc SU pham 3.Tran Bl Holnh (^999),"Phdt triin tri sdng tgo cda hgc sinh vd vai trd eua gido W^n',Tap chf nghidn cdu gilo dijc, sd 9/1999, tr -9 CaoThjThang - Nguyin Ling Binh (chii bidn) - Od Huong Tra - Nguyen Phuong Hdng (2010), Dgy vd hgc tich cue Mdt sd phuang phdp vd ki thudt dgy hgc, NXB Dai hpc Su pham, Cao Thj Thing (chu bidn), Vu Anh Tuan (2008), Mdt so vdn di doi mdi phuang phdp dgy hgc hda hgcdtrUdng THCS, NXB Gilo due, Cao Thi Thing (2010), SCt dung mgt sd phuang phdp vd ki thudt dgy hgc tich cue - HUdng phdt triin mdt sd ndng luc ca bdn cho hgc sinh dgy hgc Hda hgc, Tap cht Dai hpc Su pham, sd 8/2010 tr, 46-53 SUMMARY For developing ceativity by chemistry students teacher training institutions, according to the autho the design of teaching plan shall eorresspond to th teaching really in schools and with step - activi procedure for active lesson teaching ... nhif: Odi vdi hpc sinh khi, gidi thi dua thdm mot sd dang b l i xac djnh ndng dp eiia dung djch khdng cd nhan, tinh ndng dp cda dung djch sau phin dng nhu cho natri vao ndde Vdi hpc sinh trung binh... phuang phdp dgy hgc cda chuang - GV cho SV tu dpc v l d c PPDH tfch ede (GV ed t h i cung d p t l i lidu, dja ehi trang web); PPDH eua chuong, - GV td chdc cho SV t h i o luan: -1- SV t h i o... ludn phuang dn thiit ki gido dn - GV cho SV chpn bai (GV cd t h i djnh hudng) 64 thilt k l gilo I n day hpc phii hpp vdi d i l u kien day hpc d dia phdpng Sinh vidn chpn b l i "Sit" (sich gilo