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^ THUCTiNGlAODUC CONG TAC DAO TAO, DOI DUdNG GIAO VIEN PHUC VU MUC TIEU CHUAN HOA VAN DE NHIN TIT THUC T E T A Y N G U Y £ N Nin giio due cua bit ed qudc gia nio, suy din edng, phg thudc vio chfnh c i[.]
^ THUCTiNGlAODUC CONG TAC DAO TAO, DOI DUdNG GIAO VIEN PHUC VU MUC TIEU CHUAN HOA - VAN DE NHIN TIT THUC T E T A Y N G U Y £ N TS.NGUYtNSfTHir Si Gilo dMC ( I Oio t;o Kon TUm Nin giio due cua bit ed qudc gia nio, suy din edng, phg thudc vio chfnh c i nhin ngUdi gllo viln (GV), vio piilm chit v l ning lge cda hp "Khdng mdt h i thdng giio dgc nio ed the vUOn cao hon qui t i m nhdng GV lim vile eho h i thdng giio dgc dd" (Raja Roy Singh) Chuin nghi nghiip GV ddi dip dng dugc nhdng ylu d u eda mdt nin gllo due ddi mdi v i phit triln, Nhung thgc tiln gllo due hiln ludn ddi hdi ngudi GV phli khdng ngdng hpe t i p d l dip dng ehuln, phd hpp vdi ylu d u hdi nhip qudc t l v i ddi mdi giio due eda d l t nudc Quan nilm ve chu^n hda v l t i m quan ddi vdi GV "Chuin" l i d l dupe chpn lim can cd d l ddi chilu, d l hudng theo dd m l lim eho ddng; "ehuln hda" l i xic lip ehuln mgc, l i lim eho nd trd thinh dung ehuln Chuin hda GV l i mdt h i tic ddng liln tgc ed h i thdng, cd k l hoach theo mdt trinh tg Idgie nhit djnh nhlm hudng d i n ehuln nghi nghiip d l dupe quy djnh Chuin nghi nghiip GV cd gll trj nhU l i mdt "thudc do" ning lge hinh nghi eda GV diln bdi d n h thgc tien gllo due Chuan vda cd gll tri hudng din nghi nghiip, vda cd gla tri dinh gii mdc dd chit lupng m i mdi GV dl, dang v i ed t h i dat dupc Vife ehuln hda GV s l gidp eho ddi ngu elc nhi giio khdng ngi^g phin d l u dat ehuln, ning cao ning lge c^nh tranh v l trinh dd, phuong phip, ki ning giing day nhi trudng Diy l i eo hdi tdt di ddi ngu cd t h i phit huy t h i manh eua minh, bd sung nhdng mit edn ylu v i thilu; tao ddng Igc d l hp tg hpc tg rln, ning eao hieu q u i day hpe v i gllo dgc hpe sinh (HS) Bdng thdi gidp eho d e clp quin If gllo dgc di xult dung d c co chl, ehinh sleh v l giio due; cdng tic quy hoach dio tao, bdi dUdng, sd dung ddi ngu GV trln tfa bin; thgc hiln eie biln phip tie dpng quin li d l ning cao chit lupng GV d mat pham chit chinh trj, dao ddc ldi sdng; trinh dp ehuyin mdn; ki ning v l nghiip vu su pham 2.}.r/idn/itiiti + Chit lupng GVtoin tinh co bin da dip dng ylu clu nhilm vu dat eda Nginh GV ed dd elc phim chit ning lge va ki ning day hpe, thgc hlln ed hllu qui cdng tic day hpc v i d c hoat ddng giio due HS GV t i n vdi nghi, tie phong mlu mgc sdng dao ddc; chip hinh tdt dudng Idi, chd truong eda Blng, chinh sleh, phip luit eda Nhi nude + Ba sd GV van dung dUpc ehuln kiln thde - ki nang cda mdn hpc day hpc giio due v i kilm tra, dinh gii phu hpp vdi HS; vln dgng tdt d c phuong phip day hpe tieh cgc, sd dung hllu qui d c phuong tiln day hpc hiln dai GV ed y thde tg hpe, tg rln luyin d l ning eao ehuyin mdn, cd tinh thin d u tiln; quan tim, ling nghe ddng nghiip v l HS 2.ZNhiJingbdtcdp + Toin tinh edn khoing 1,92% GV xip loai kim so vdi ehuln nghi nghiip, t i p trung ehu yeu d mat Kiln thde v i ki ning sU pham.Trong dd chd y l u d tilu ehuln (ning luc day hpc) v i tilu ehuln (ning lge phit triln nghi nghiip) + Mat blng trinh dp hpe vln, ehuyin mdn nghiip vg, ki nang v i phuong phip van dung kiln thdc II luin da hpe vio thgc tiln giing day cda dpi GV d elc trudng vung siu, vung xa, dpi ngd GV ngUdI din tdc thilu sd van edn nhilu han chl, chua dip dng dupe ylu clu nhilm vg ddi mdi ehucmg trtnh gllo due; nhilu GV l i ngudi din tdc Kinh edng tie d dja bin vdng din tde thilu sd khdng sddgng dupe ngdn ngd din tde vung dd, chua am hieu phong tgc t i p quin cda ddng bio din tde thilu sd + Mpt bp phan nhi gllo ed tudi ddi v i tudi nghi liu nlm cd bieu hiln lac hlu v l tU v i nhin thde thilu nhay ben v i cham thich dng vdl xu hudng ddi mdi gllo dgc hiln nay; ki ning sd dung d e thilt bj day hpc hiln dai v i dng dgng edng nghi thdng tin day hpc cdn ylu kem + Qua dg gid, tflu tra, phdng vln GV mdi tuyln dung v i GV tiudng din t i p sg d mdt sd trudng phd Thinh tgu v l bit cap ciia cong tic dao tao^ thdng, chung tdi thu dupe kit qui sau: Chit lupng GV boi di/dng GV phuc vu cho viec chuan hoa tU thuc dupe dio tao d d e trudng dai hpe supham v i eao ding su pham chua ddng dlu, v i mdt sd it chit lupng cdn tiTSy Nguyen CIn cdf kit qui dinh gll ehuln GV eda d e clp hpc kim Nguyin nhin: Muc tilu, ehuong trinh, phuong trln tfa bin tinh Kon Tum, qua khio sit v i phdng van phip dio tao edn bit clp so vdi ylu elu thgc tiln ddi mdi giio due hiln nay; chit lUpng dau vio thip, 'y thde tai d e trudng, chdng tdi ed t h i dlnh gll nhu sau: 42*nNMHQCGUODVC THUC TliNGlAO DUC ^ Bdng Thdng ki xip logi GV theo Chudn nghi nghiip ndm hgc 2010-2011 Xult sic Blchpc Tilu hpc (3127 GV) THCS (2446 GV) THPT (926 GV) C«ng Khi Trung binh XL % XL % XL % 704 22,51 1202 38,44 1143 717 29,31 920 37,62 238 25,70 372 1659 25,52 2494 K#m XL % 36,56 78 2,49 774 31,64 35 1,43 40,17 304 32,82 12 1,29 38,37 2221 34,17 125 1,92 Bdng Phdn logi GVehUa dgt Chudn ndm hge2010-2011 B|c hpc Linh vuc (LV) chua dat chuin (xip loai k6m) LV1: Phim chit chfnh LV2:Kilnthilc LV 3: Ki nUng sU pham trj, dao dUc Idl sdng SL SL SL % % % Tilu hpc (3127GV) THCS (2446 GV) THPT (926 GV) C«ng 0 56 1,79 38 1,21 0 28 1,14 21 0,85 0 11 1,18 12 1,29 0% 95 1,46 71 1,09 Ghl chu T6ngs6GV dugc ddnh gid, xip logi: 6499 Bdng Thdng ki ede tiiu ehi ehu yiu GV chUa dgt Chudn Tieu chuin TMu chuin Ning Igc d^y hpc Tiiu chuin Ning Igc giio dye Tiiu chuin Ning Igc phit triln n g h i nghibp Ti6uchl(TC) TC11 V|n dgng cic phuong phip day hpc TC12 Sd dung cic phuong ti^n day hpc TC 13 Xiy dgng m6i tn/dng hpc t i p TC 15 Kilm tra dinh gii kit qui hpc t i p cCia hpc sinh TC20 Vin dgng cic nguy&n tic, phuong phip, hInh thiJrc t6 chUc giio due TC 24 Tg dinh g i i , tU hpc v i tg rJn luy^n TC 25 Phit hien v i giii quylt cic vln d l niy sinh thuc tien giio due 11l$%GVxlploaik^ 19,5 21,0 5,9 17,4 10,6 18,0 8,5 (Ngu6n:Sd6D vd BTKon Tum) hpe t i p eda SV ehua cao, chUa thgc sgylu nghi Mdt bd phin SV trudng ehua ed phuong phip day hpe hl|n dai; ki ning day hpc, die bilt l i kl ning kilm tra, dinh gll kit qui hpe t i p eua HS, kJ ning ti/ hpe - tg nghiin edu cdn thilu v i ylu Odi mdi cdng t i c d i e t a a bdi dtfdng GV phuc vu cho vile dniSn hda 3.1.Yiucdudtung +Trong cdng tic dio tao, bdi dudng (OT, BD) GV phli thgc hiln theo ddng d e tilu chuan, tilu ehi eda ehuln nghi nghiip GV, dd t i p trung vio d c ki ning day hpe tieh ege v i nghiip vu su pham cda nhi gllo hlln dai VI dly l i vln d l sdng cdnti'ongsg nghiip dio tao, bdi duOng GV, quylt tfnh chit lUOng giio dgc cda mdi ^ a phucmg + Cic ffUdng BHSP v i CDSP phli gin kit vdi nhi trudng phd thdng (PT) muc tilu, nhilm vg, ylu d u BT, BD GV Mgc tilu, ylu elu v l ehucmg trinh, ndi dung BT, BD GV phii dip dng nhu d u x l hdi, phli gin kit vdi thgc tiln elc trudng PT + Be thgc hiln edng tic OT, BD GV phgc vu cho vile ehuln hda theo ehuln nghi nghiip GV cd hiiu qui bin vdng d n ba eon dUdng song hinh: BT, BD GV ddng chuan v i trln chuan (nhilm vg eda d c trudng su pham); BD GV dat ehuln (nhilm vu cda d c co sd giio dgc); tg hpc-tg bdi dudng de phu hpp vdi chuan (nhilm vu cda bin thin mdi GV) 3.2 Ddo tgo, bdi dtfdng CV sUphgm dung chudn vd trin chudn Chuong trinh DT, BD GV cda d c trudng su pham (SP) phli d n cd vio ehuln nghi nghiip GV de xly dgng d e tilu ehi dlu Mue tilu BT d d c trudng SP S(iM-TlUlKl/2S12«43 ^ THUCTliNGlAODUC hiln chi phin Inh ndi dung tdng quit d e ning Igc eda GV d n dupe dio tao d l dat mdt trinh dp ehuin theo vln blng nio Thgc t l hiln nay, he thdng d c Cd sd dio tao SP vln ehua theo kjp ylu d u thgc tiln gllo due Ndi dung dio tao SP chua dip dng ylu d u cda gllo due phd thdng, giio due mim non, cham ddi mdi phuong piilp v i kilm tra, dlnh gii Vi vly, d e trudng SP ein phli bim sit nhdng ylu elu thgc tiln td d e trudng PT d l ddi mdi mue tilu, chuong trinh, ndi dung dio tao, bdi dUdng, eu t h i l i : +Cdc trudng suphgm phdi gdn kit vdi trudng PTdi ddo tgo GV - Ddi mdi muc tilu BT GV theo tfnh hudng: tdt nghiip, SV phli dip dng dupe d c ylu elu v l phim chit v i ning lge cda ehuln nghi nghiip GV; - Bdi mdi ndi dung, ehuong trinh BT GV theo tfnh hudng dip dng sg thay ddi v l vai trd cua ngudi GV bdi einh eda x l hdi hiln dai; hudng vio vile hinh thinh nhdng ning Igc ki ning day hpe hiln dai nhU: ki ning td ehde d e hoat ddng day hpe-gilo dgc tieh ege ki ning hpp tie nhdm hpe tip, ki ning glli quylt vln d l , ki ning khai thic v i dng dung edng nghi thdng tin, ki ning kilm, tra dlnh gll HS, ki ning tg hpc, tg nghiin eCiU; ndi dung, chuong trinh dio tao d n bim sit ndi dung ehucmg trinh, sleh gllo khoa eda nhi trudng PT +Cdc trudng suphgm phdi gdn kit vdi trudng PTdi bdi dudng GV Cic nha gllo ludn cd nhu elu tilp tue hpc tip, bdi dudng d l hoin thiln ning lge chuyin mdn v i hoin thinh nhilm vg day hpe eda minh Hp mudn ed nhdng Idi glli dip cho nhdng thic mIe ehuyin mdn niy sinh qui trinh day hpe td d c nhi nghiin cdu, d e tic gll vilt sleh gllo khoa, sach tham khio m i hp dang sd dung hing ngiy Hp mudn dupe cap nhat thdng tin khoa hpc td trudng SP, noi hp da tCmg dupe dio tao Hp mong mudn ed nhdng ddi mdi v l ndi dung v i phuong phip d l ning eao chit lupng giing day B l lim tdt nhilm vu BD GV, d c trUdng SP cin d n ed kit qui dinh gii chuan nghi nghiip GV (dc han chl, ylu kim) tdcic tfa phuong de Iga chpn ndi dung ehuyin d l v i phuong phip bdi dudng phu hpp Die b i l t d n chd trpng din ki ning day hpc phuong phip day hpc tfeh cue trinh tinh trang BD li thuylt hin lim, "giiu tri thde nhung ngheo ki nang thgc tiln day hpc" - mdt tflm ylu hiln eda d e trudng SP dung, hinh thdc bdi dUdng phd hpp nhlm ning cao trinh dp, ning Igc ki nang su pham v i phuang phip day hpe tich cgc hien dai eho GV Trong qui trinh BD GV, Sd GD va BT d n lien kit vdi mdt sd trUdng SP d l td chdc biln soan ndi dung, chuong trinh bdi dudng sit hpp v i gin liln vdi thgc tiln chit lupng GV v i HS cua tfa phuang + Sd Giio dgc v i Bio tao tilp tgc dly manh hllu qui hoat ddng "Td phuong phap luu ddng" cda nginh d l thgc hiln cdng tie BD ehuyin mdn-nghilp vg cho GV d e trudng edn yeu v i thilu so vdi ehuln nghi nghiep, eg t h i l i : Kiln toin cdng tic td ehde eda "Td phuong phip luu ddng" vdi dpi ngd GV edt d n d c bd mdn thinh d e nhdm chuyin trieh d l BD eho GV elc trudng gap khd khin v l dpi ngd theo d e ehuyin d l eu thi, phu hpp vdi mdi trudng PT; xly dgng lai ehUdng trinh, k l hoaeh, ndi dung v i kinh ph! hoat ddng tuvin, hd trp de BD d e mat han chl eua GV vdi elc hinh thdc nha dg gid len Idp, hd trp v l cdng tie quin If ehuyin mdn, tu vln chit lupng d e bii soan, thim djnh chit lupng d e d l kilm tra, dinh gii kit qui hpc t i p HS, dd t i p trung vao d e ki ning sddung d e phuong phip day hpc tich ege elc hinh thde td ehde day hpc phu hpp vdi HS + Trong ehuong trinh, k l hoach BD GV phli lly mgc tilu tg hpc- tg bdl dudng cda GV lim trpng tim, cg t h i li: Hiiu trudng nhi trudng phli tfnh hUdng ndi dung tg hpe tg bdi dudng eua GV nhu vile Iga chpn, xle tfnh, tim kilm vln di d n hpe tip, bdi dUdng phCi hpp vdl mgc tilu, ylu cau cdng tie ehuyin mdn eda bin thin Hieu trudng nhi trudng phii quin If chat chl, khoa hpe v i danh gll dupe kit qui tg hpc, tg bdi dudng eda GV Hiiu trudng d e trUdng phli xly dgng dupe mdi trudng tg hpc, tg bdi dudng eho GV thdng qua td chuyin mdn, d c dpt sinh hoat ehuyin mdn, nghiin cdu khoa hpc su pham dng dung, thilt k l bii gling dien tOr IMot so khuyen nghj Qua nghiin edu, khio sit d d c ed sd dio tao GV v i qua thgc tiln quin li nginh GD v i DTtinh, chdng tdi di xult mdt sd k h u y l i nghj: + DdlvdiBdGDviDT: - Trong nhilm vg xly dgng v i phit triln nginh su pham d n ddi mdi quin li ddng bd td Bd GD v i BT, d c dta phuong d i n d c eo sd dio tao GV Trong dd, eo sd dao tao GV phli thgc hlln "ba edng khai", edng bd chuan dlu cda tdng ehuyin nginh dio tao, cam kit 33 Bdi dudng CVdgt chudn, phii hgp chudn Dly l i mgc tilu, nhilm vg v i trich nhllm cda Sd chat lupng v i xly dgng chuong trinh hinh ddng ddi GD v l DT, d c phdng GD v i ot, d e trudng PT, eg thi, mdi quin R, ning cao chit lupng dio tao Bdi mdi edng tie tuyln sinh vio d c trudng, khoa su pham nhlm bio cin thgc hlln tdt mdt sd edng vile sau: + Tmdc h i t d c trudng phli td ehde dlnh gii dim chit lupng dlu v i a Cdng vdi vile ddi mdi mue ddng cic mat ylu kim cua ddi ngu GV theo ehuln tilu, ndi dung, qui trinh, phucmg thdc dio tao gin vdl nghi nghiip, td dd xly dgng k l hoach, Iga chpn ndi thgc tiin thi vile thIt chit dlu de dim bio chit (Xem tiip trang 61) 44 • KHOA HfC Bio DVC GlAODUCDANTOC thdng din tdc ndi tru v i nhCfng vj suhoin tgc da tdng hpe Truemg Bd tiic vln hoi - Pali Nam Bd vi hai nhdm ddi tupng niy bilt ndi, dpc v i vilt tdt d hai thd tilng Vilt v i Khmer; xly dgng ddi ngd trp giing ehinh tif nhdng ngudi din tfa phuong bilt ehd Khmer Nhdng biln phip niy s l han chl rio d n ngdn ngd gida ngudi day v i ngudi hoc Kit luin Cdng tic dio tao nghi v l giii quylt vile lim eho ddng bio din tdc Khmer eda tinh Sdc Trlng edn nhilu khd khin, thich thde song da cd chilu hudng tfch ege v i nhdng bude tiln ding k l , nhung vln ehua dat hllu qui mong mudn Thgc hlln ddng bd nhdng nhdm giii phip nlu trln, ehung ta se ning eao dupe hiiu qui dio tao nghi v i sd dgng ngudn nhin lge nd Khmer, gdp phin thue hiln thing Ipi chiln lupe "Tang ttUdng kinh t i g i n vdi xda ddi giim ngheo" v i dim bio edng blng xa hdi m cao chdt iugng nguon nhdn luc ngudi ddn tdc Khmer tr dia bdn tinh Kiin Giang Hdi thio Gill pliip cii thiln ngudn nhan lge ngudi dan tde Khmer vung Odng blng Sdng Cdu Long, 2009 Hdi Day nghi Viet Nam, Tang cudng vdn hda nghi thue ddy viic Idm bin vUng, NXB Lao ddng Hi Ndi, 2011 Phung Rln, Tong quan vi ngudi Khmer Nam bd Hdi thio Giii phip eli thien ngudn nhin lge ngudi din tdc Khmer vung Ddng blng Sdng Cdu Long, 2009 Trung t i m day nghi huyin Vinh Chiu, Bdo cdo tham ludn ve md hinh dgy nghi cho ddng tido ddn tdc Khmer vd edng tdcxudtkhdu lao ddng 2011 UBND tinh Sdc Tring, Bdo cdo sa kit cdng tdc dgy nghi, gidi quyit viee idm thdng ddu ndm vd cdc gi phdp thuc hien thdng cudi ndm 2011,2011 SUMMURY The artide has provided an overview ofactual statu TAI Lieu THAM KHAO of vocational training for Khmer women in Soc Tran Ban Tuyln giio Tinh dy Sdc Trang, Nghj quyit province, which has numerous limitations Based on Dgi hdi dgi biiu Ddng bd tinh Sdc Trdng ldn thUXII, nhiim the article suggested some key solutions for enhanc W20;0-io75,2O1O effectiveness and efficiency ofvocationalttainingand OdThj Hdi, Kinh nghiim easdvi gidi phdp ndngof Khmer female workers in this province IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII^ CONG TAC DAO TAO, DOI DUONG GIAO VIEN • lupng l i tflu d n thilt trln tiln trinh tg ddi mdi, hoin thiln nginh su pham; - Odi mdi mgc tilu, ndi dung elc ehuyin d l bdi dudng thudng xuyin v i phucmg phip bdi dudng thudng xuyin djp h i cho GV d e ble hpe trang toin qudc Chuin nghi nghiip GV l i muc tilu cua cdng tic bdi dUdng, hllu qui eda edng tie bdi dUdng GV phli dip dng mue tilu ddi mdi gllo dge v i ning eao chit lupng GV, phd hpp vdi nhdng ylu kim d n khlc phgc cua GV til d c tfa phuong + Odi vdi Sd GD v i OT, phdng GD v i DT v i elc co sd gllo dge: - CIn ed vio thUc trang dlnh gii GV theo chuan d l xly dgng k l hoaeh chi dao d e trudng td chdc bdi dudng d c mat cdn ylu cda GV Odng thdi phdi hpp vdi d c trudng SP md d e Idp bdi dUdng chuyin mdn nghiip vg hllu qui cho GV toin nginh; - Hiiu trudng cic trudng PT phli td chdc dlnh gll ddng chit lupng GV eda trudng minh, die biet d n tao dilu kiln cho GV ed nhu elu tg dlnh gia ning lge b i n t h i n theo ehuln Dilu quan trpng l i phli giup GV ed ki nang t^o v i sd dgng dupc d e minh chdng - mdt d c ki thuit then chdt thang eda ehuln nghi nghiip GV, lim eo sd cho edng tic OT, BD GV dung Chuan (Flip theo trang 44) TAILI£UTHAMKHAO Oing Qudc Bio, Od Qudc Anh, Dinh Thi Kim Thoa, Cdm nang ndng cao ndng luc vd phdm chdt ddi ngu GV, NXB Li luin Chfnh ttj Hi Ndi, 2007 Bd GDSfOT, Tdi lieu Hudng ddn dp dung Chudn nghi nghiip GV trung hgc vdo ddnh gid GV, NXB Oai hpc supham, Hi Ndi, 2011.' Nguyen Lim Diln, NhCing thdeh thdc mdi ddo tgo GV THPT Tap chf Gilo dge so 268/2011 Pham Minh Hung, Doi mdi cdng tde ddo tgo GV THPT giai dogn hiin Tap ehi Giio due so 262/2011 Nguyen SyThU, Chudn GVTHCS-vdn didgtraddi vdi cdng tdc ddo tgo vd bdi dudng GV, Tgp chl khoa hgc DaihocQudcgiaHdNdi-Chuyiit san KHXH&NV, Dai hpc Qudc gia Hi Ndi - Tap XX, Sd 3PT., 2004, tr.69 - tt.74 SUMMARY In order to ensure sustainable effectiveness effidencyofteachingttaininginsupportofstandardiza a combination of three forces is required, ie ttain of standard and above-standard teachers in teach ttaining institutions; upgrading of teachers to ach qualifications in educational institutions and self-ttai to live up to standards among teachers themselves SOU-THANG9/2012 • ( !