TAM U H9C tINH U Ĥ C UfA TUtfl THUC TRAMG ROI MHIGU HAMH Ml ji HOG SINH mililNG TRiJNG HOG Gil SO DAN lAP NGOYIN B I N H K M HA NOI ThS P H A M THj P H U O N G THL/C Rdi nhilu hanh vi (RNHV) la mdt d[.]
TAM U H9C - tINH U H^C UfA TUtfl THUC TRAMG ROI MHIGU HAMH Ml ji HOG SINH mililNG TRiJNG HOG Gil SO DAN lAP NGOYIN BINH K M - HA NOI ThS P H A M THj P H U O N G T H L / C R di nhilu hanh vi (RNHV) la mdt dang chan thuong tinh than nhe, nhung cd anh hudng khdng nhd de'n cudc sd'ng cua ngudi, dae bipt la tre em Mac du RNHV td lau da duoc cac ntia khoa hpc, cac nha thuc hanh lam sang tren the gidi quan tam, nhien, viec nghien ciJii ve RNHV ndi chung va RNHV d hpc sinh (HS) tnjng hpc c o s d ndi rieng Viet Nam dang cdn it va thudng d pham vi hpp, le te VI vay, tim hieu co sd thuc tidn cho viec de •uat chien lupc phdng ngda RNHV cho ngudi dan ndi chung va HS THCS ndi rieng la viec lam can thiet, cd y nghta thuc tiln sau s^c 1.Cackha[n[|mcaban 1) Roi nhiiu tam li Theo bac sT Nguyin Kh5c Vien, roi nhiiu tim //la "tinh trang mat can bing cua ca the bj pha roi boi nguyen nhin tim Unhung d mtic nhe Do do, ehua iam cho tre mat het kha ning nhin tbik vi kha nang thich nghi vdi moi tnrdng xung quanh Tuy nhien, d()biphi roi nhe nen da gay cho tre mdt sd'udngai nhat dinh cugcs6ng"(^) 2) Rdi nhiiu hanh w'dHSTHCS: lanhQngdang hanh vikhongpbubgp vdichumi mtjcxab&va chuan muGliia bJol mi bieu hien cua hanh vido neu thudng xuyen xay seanh hudng xi'u den suthich nghixa hgi cua moi thieu n/en"(1) Day chinh la khai niem cdng cu dupc chung tdisu'dyng lam cosdcho nghien cdu thuc tien f hue trang RNHV a HS Trirdrng trung hpc c a s d dan lap (THCSDL) N g u y i n Binh Khiem Ha Noi 1) Danh gia chung vetbuc trang RNHVaHS Truang THCSDL Nguyin Binb Kbiem (nam hgc 2011-2012) Sau tiai hanh khao satsang lpc, chung tdi tien hanh kiem tra dp tin cay cua thang b i n g mo hinh tuong quan alpha cua Cronbach (Cronbach coefiieient Alpha) Ketquasi>dung tr4c nghiem CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist) cho thay a = , ; chiJng to thang cd he so' tin cay tdt va hoan toan sd dung duoc cho nghien cuu tren nhom mau detai lua chpn (xem bing 1) 20 Tap chi Gido due so 339 Bang Thus trang chung ve RNHV ^HS Nguyin Hudng npi TiSu ch( HS (141) SL THCSDL Binh KhiSm Tning gian Mdc Mdc Mdc Mdc 47 35 37 50 Hudng ngoai Mdc 17 Mdc % Chu thiet): • Nhom hanh vi hifdng ngi, gom: nhieu d^ng Ihu 33,3 24,8 26,2 35,5 12,1 3.5 mtnh, rd'i nhiiu d^ng phan nan sue khoe, r6i nhiiu d^ng lo ting, au siu; • Nhom hanh vi Ining gian, g6m: cac van de xa h^i, y nghi khac ^, ttôu t$p trung; ã Nhom hanh vi hddng ngo^i, gom: hdnh visaitrai, hanh viihaiqua Ketquadang'/daphan anh thuc trang RNHV CLJa HSTrudngTHCSDL Nguyin Binh Khiem.Trong dd, tl Id RNHV dHS tuong dd'i cao (35,5%, tuong duong 50/141 HS); vdi so HS gap rdi nhilu dang trnng gian nhieu hon, RNHV dang hudng nacao hcfn dgng hudng ngoai Ti 1^ cd nhieu khac biet so vd^ cac nghien cdu trudc day cd lien quan de'n RNHV xuat phat tOr viec lua chpn dja ban va khach the nghien cdu; vipc lua chpn ttianp vdi cac tieu chuan chan doan khac Cy the, HS Tradng THCSDL Nguyin Binh Khiem den td nhilu dia ban khac cua TP Ha Ndi, mOt sola HS ngoai tinh, mpt sola HS chua ngoan dupc ehuyen td cac tnJong khac den Hon niJa, Idp Chung tdi dieu tra duoc gidi thieu la cac Idp cd nhieu van de nhat tnidng 2) Thuc trang RNH V theo gidi tinh dHS Tnrdng THCSDL Nguyin Binb Khiem Chung tditien hanh khaosat83HSnamva58HSnDdca4kh6'ildpthuOc TrudngTHCSDLNguyen Binh Khiem (nam hpc20122013) Ket qua khao sat cho thay, fr7eff/VWl/dca hai gidl cdsukhac biet dang ke(37,3% HS nam va 32,8% s6HSnij).dmdcdonffuyctffl/V/yi^,cacHSniJlaicd xu hudng gap phai RNHV nhilu hon so vol HS nam (39,7% soHS nflso vdi 28,9% so'HS nam), dnhom /iwdn^r no/; 39,7% soHS nir cdnguyctf RNHV so vdi 28,9% la sd thd'ng ke cua HS nam Vt^nhom * Trang tam nghien ciiu Tam li bac - Giae due hoc, Vien Kboa hpc ^ao due Vi^t Nam (ki 1-8/2014) "Cae phuong Hen fridng tin dgi chung" (11,2%), hpc tap tren ldp (13,8%) _ Nhu vgy, so cac nguon thong tin giiip SV nam duoc muc tieu, ndi dung, phucfng phap, phuong tien giao due HS cd HVKMD nha tnrdng thdng, nguon thdng tin quan trpng va hieu qua la "Hpclap fren ldp"hay"Ren luyen nghiepvu supham" chiem ti frpng chua nhieu, nguon thdng tin quan trpng nhat ddi vdi SV lai la dya vao kinh nghiem da ed Do dd, neu duoc trang bj vimg vang ve mat li luan Id cdn la SV nam hai, frid ba se giup cac em SV tham gia hogt dpng ttiyc tap va cdng tac friyc le frong nganh giao dye sau cd hieu qua hon SV Tnrdng DHSP Ha Ndi da cd nhdng nhan ttiuc ban dau ve giao dye HS cd HVKMD nlia trudng pho'thdng Tuy nhien, nhan thuc cua cac em v i n chua day du, chua sau s^e Mpt bd phan SV vari chua xac djnh dung nhirng nguyen nhan eO ban dan de'n HVKMD d HS Danh gia ehua dung ve nguyen nhan ddn den HVKMD cua HS thi nhCmg lac dpng tuphia nha trudng it mang lgi hieu qua, ddi cdn 1am gia tang mdc dp tieu eye HV ung xucua HS tap the Phan Idn cac npi dung giao due HS cd HVKMD deu dupc cac SV ty danh gia d muc dp "Binh thudng" Nhan thdc cija SV ve anh hudng cija GV den hieu qua giao due HS CO HVKMD la friong ddi lot, giup SV CO djnh hudng ly ren luyen nhirng pham chat cua ngudiG V luong lai hieu qua hon.Tuy nhien, van cdn mpt bp phan SV cdn chua ed nhan thdc dung danh gia anh hudng cua nhimg tac ddng tdphia GV den HS qua trinh giao due Trong sdcac nguon thdng lin giup SV n^m 6\jqc muc tieu, ndi dung, phuong phap, phuong lien giao due HS cd HVKMD frong nhafrucffigphothdng, nguon fridng tin hieu qua la "Hoc tap tren Idp" hay "Ren luyen nghiepvysuphgm"chie'mtifrpngchua nhieu, nguon thdng tin quan trpng nhat dd'i vdiSV Igi ladya vao kinh nghiem da cd • SUMMARY All teachers have to deal with student misbehaviors on a daily basis.Most of the time, these problem behaviors will not cause major disrupUons.However, even minor misbehaviors can lead to greater disruptions if left unchecked The earlier teacher can stop a pupil from misbehaving, the more likely it is that a major disruption will not occur So having proper perception of educating student misbehaviors has been a need for each teacher in highschooL This need is even greater and more signiiUcant for coUege-of-pedagogy studen ts who are, in the future, assigned to educate the younggeneration for the country The findings of the present research have shown some shortcomings of college - of - pedagogy students' perception of educating student misbehaviors in hi^iscbool Thirc trang roi nhieu hanh vi (Tiep theo trang 21) biet ve cac van de sue khoe tinh than, de cdthe dam bao sy lanh manh dcri sdng cho cae em; -Doi vdi nhi trudng, tang cudng td' chdc cac hoat ddng nhim nang cao nhan thdc cua HS va eae lyc lupng giao dye nha trudng ve vj tri, vai trd, Icri ich cua hoat ddng tam li hpc dudng • (1) Nguy5n Khac Vien T a m li l&m s i n g tre em & Viet Nam NXB YhocU 1994 Tai li^u t h a m khao Trdn Th) Minh Due Giao trtnh tham van tam li NXB Bgi hgc qudc gia H 2009 Duong Thj Di^u Hoa Giao trinh Tam Ii hpc ph^t trien NXB Dai hoc quoc gia, H 2008 NguySn Cdng Khanh Tam U hoc iing dung tam li hQC lam sang, tam benh li tre em NXB Bai hpc qudc gia, U 1999 NguySn COng Khanh TSm li tri Ii€u NXB Bai hpc qudc gia, H 2000 Dang s a Lam Giao due, tam li vd sue khoe tam thdn tre em Viet Nam NXB Bai hpc qude gia, H 2007 NguySn Van Siem TSm bynh hpc tre em va thieu nien NXB Bai hoe qudc gia, H 2007 Nguyen T h a Sinh "Tir vafn tkm li cSn ban NXB Lao ddng, 2006 T^ili^u t h a m k h a o NguySn Thanh Binh (chiJ bien) Mfit s6 van de SUMMARY cdng t^c chu nhi^m ldp d* t n i m i g trung hQC Behavior disorders is a men tai tra umatic in a mild pb6 thdog hifin NXB Dai hoc suphgm Hd Ndi form, but have not less effect on the lives of people, 2011 especially children Although behavior disorders has NguySn Thanh Binh (chti bien) Tdi li$u bSi du&ng long been study in the world by scientists and clinical practitinoners in Vietnam, there are few studys cdn bd, gido viin vi cdng idc chu nhiim trudng of behavior disorders in general and behavior disorTHCS THPT H 201 \ ders of secondary students in particular and offen in Ha Nhat Thang Cflng t^c giao viln chii nhi€m Itrp narrow range, sporadic Therefore, the factual basic for the proposed prevention strategies for behavioural * tniting phd thflng NXB Gido due H 2004 disorders in general people and secondary school Phan Thanh Long {chu bien) Li luSn gi^o due pupil in particular are necessaiy tasks, have profound practical implications NXB Dgi hpc supham Hd Ndi, 2006 (kl - 812014) Tap chi Gido due so 339 29 /jf/dng/jg'oaUileHSnudmucddnguyeocungcao hon nhilu lan so vdi HS nam (22,4% so vdi4,8%).De li giai ket qua nay, chung tdi nhan thay ti le H S nam va HS nutrong cac ldp dieu tra cd sumat can dd'i Idn (so HS nu cao hon han so vdi so HS nam) Tuy nhien, day chl la gia thuyet cua chung tdi, caned nghien cdu sau hon de giai thich hpp li cac sd 3) Tbiic trang RNHV theo khoi lap dHS Trudng THCSDL Nguyin Binb Kbiem Nghien cOxi ehi r5ng,37,5% sd'HS Idp va36,4% sd'HS Idp dupc dieutracdbieu hien RNHV.Dd'i vdi khd'ildp7 (34,2%) va khdi Idp (33,3%), ti le RNHV thap hon nhung khdng cd nhieu khae biet Vdi ca bd'n khdi ldp tham gia khao sat thuc trang, ti le RNHV deu jren 30,0% mdc dp nguy co RNHV, ti le d mdi khdi Idp ciing chiem tren 30,0% Cu the: cao nhat la khdi Idp vdi 36,7% HScdxu hudng gap phai cac RNHVitiep den la khdi (33,3%), kho'i (32,5%) va khdi (31,6%) Neu dmdc dp rdi nhilu, da s o H S c d bieu hien ddang hanh vi tnjng gian, thi d muc dp nguy co, HS cd xu hudng bieu hien ddang hanh vi hudng npi Tim hieu sykhacbietvetile RNHV dcae khdi Idp, chung toi xem xetketquahpc tap hpc ki I vathu duoc ke't qua: mptsd idp cd ket qua hpc tap khong cao bing cac khdi Idp cdn lai (do HS vua ehuyen sang cap hpc mdi, luong kien thuc va phuong phap hpc cd nhieu thay dd'i); rieng vol khdi HS Idp 8, chung toi chua cd dieu kien tim hieu nguyen nhan, can cd cac nghien cdu sau hon de tim hieu van de Vi vay, cd the nhan djnh ring, su thay dd1 mdi tardng va phuong phap hpc tap cung nhuket quahpc taped anh hUOTig nhatdinhdentileRNHVdHS 4) Bieu bien RNHV thudng gap dHS Trudng THCSDL Nguyin Binh Kbiem Trong nhdm RNHVthudnggapdHS.dmdcdpcdRNHV.HScd bieu hien rd'i nhiiu d nhdm ynghJkhie la cao hon han so vdi cac nhdm khac (50 HS, chiem 35,5%); sau Iacacbieuhien/0i^n5,ausau(24,8%),p/?an/jansui: khoe{2^ ,3%),cacvindexahgi{^3,5%),thu minh iai (6,4%); cac dang bieu hien RNHV cdnjai chiem ti le khdng nhieu mde cd nguy cd rd'i nhilu, cac nhdm tren cung xep vj tri hang dau so cac dang rdi nhilu, cu the: phan nan siJc khoe (33,3%), yngh[ khac ia (26,2%), lo ling, au sau (25,5%), eie van de xahgi(22,0%), thu minh i^/(14,2%) Giai thich cho thuc trgng nay, trudc het Ida tud'i HS THCS la giai doan day bien dpng suphat trien cua ddi ngudi; cac em dang d ngudng c i ^ giira tre vdi ngudi Idn Viec xua't hien nhirng "y nghi khac la", bay bd'ng, mo mpng, "p/?ar) nansiA;fr/yde'khdng phai la bat thudng nhung tan suait xay thudng xuyen lai la vain de de cae nha tam li phai quan tam Tren c o s d thuc trang RNHV, chung tdi xem xet mdt sdnhan toed anh hudng tare tiep de'n viec hinh RNHV d HS Trudng THCSDL Nguyin Binh Khiem Trong cac nhan to lien quan de'n gia dinh, cau tnJc khdng toan ven cua gia dinh, trinh dp hpc van vanghe nghiep eua cha me deu cd anh hudng gian tiep vdi cae mdc dp khac den thue trang RNHV d H S Trong cac nhan td lien quan den nha tardng, thi ap lyc hpc tap, thi cu va cac mdi quan he ban be cung cd nhieu tae dpng den RNH V d HS Dekhacphuc.hanchenhuTig RNHV nay, nghien cuu cung de xua't mot so bien phap can thiep tam li danh choHS: /;Can thiep b&ng lieu phap nhan thii'c hanh vi ket hpp vdi tu van cho giao vien chu nhiem va gia dinh cua HS; 2} Can thiep bing hoat ddng tham van phattrien nhdm va tuvan cho giao vien ciiu nhiem; 3) Can thiep true tiep bang tham van va tri lieu tam li; 4) Can thiep tore tiep ket hpp vdi tu van cho c|iao vien; 5JCan thiep tam li tn/c tiep ket hpp vdi tuvan cho gia dinh cua HS Ke't luan va khuyen nghi 1)_Ketiuin.Jl le RNHV d HS Tardng THCSDL Nguyen Binh Khiem tUOng ddi cao (35,5%), dd,_HS gap rd'i nhieu dang trung gian nhieu hOn, rd'i nhieu dang hudrig ndi cao hon dang hudng ngoai Ve matgiditinh, HS nam cdbieu hien RNHV vdi tile eao hon HS nir, nhung d mdc dp nguy CO, HS nu'cdxu hudng gap [3hai cac rdi nhilu Idn hon so vdi HS nam Xet theo khdi Idp, HS Idp6va Idp cdbieu hien RNHV cao hon so vdi hai khdi Idp cdn lai Thyc trang trudc het xuat phat td dae diem ty danh gia cua HSva anh hudng td ket qua hpc tap cua HS tai tardng Trong cac loaihanhvithudng gap, RNHV thupc nhdm: y nghi khac la, phan nan siie khoe, lo ling, au sau la nhung loai hanh vi ma HS thudng gap hon ca Cac loai hanh vi khae nhu: thu minh, hanh visaitrai, hanh vi thai qua la nhifng dang hanh vi ma HS THCS cd gap, nhien ti le gap bleu hien khdng cao Tren ccfsdthyctrang RNHV oHSTHCS, nghien cdu xem xetmptsdnhan tdccf ban anh hudng dS'n sy xua't hien RNHV d HS va de xuat cac bien phap can thiep tam li nham gdp phan han che, khac phuc tinh trangRNHVdHSTHCS._ 2) Khuyen nghj: - Doi vdi cie ehuyen vien tim ii hgedudng, can nang cao ehuyen mdn, kinang nghe nghiep, tuiin thu cac nguyen tac dao 6(sc nghe de giup HS nang cao sue khoe tinh than, phattrien tam li, nhan each; - Doi vdi gia dinh HS, can nang cao hieu (Xem tiep trang 29} Tap chi Gido due so 339 (ki 1-8/2014) 21 ... loaihanhvithudng gap, RNHV thupc nhdm: y nghi khac la, phan nan siie khoe, lo ling, au sau la nhung loai hanh vi ma HS thudng gap hon ca Cac loai hanh vi khae nhu: thu minh, hanh visaitrai, hanh vi. .. behavior disorders has NguySn Thanh Binh (chti bien) Tdi li$u bSi du&ng long been study in the world by scientists and clinical practitinoners in Vietnam, there are few studys cdn bd, gido viin vi. .. have to deal with student misbehaviors on a daily basis.Most of the time, these problem behaviors will not cause major disrupUons.However, even minor misbehaviors can lead to greater disruptions