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Den/vaf^E ^ ''''̂̂ & *̂''''*,, '''' \ 13 Van dung mot so''''quan diem cua Chu tjch Ho Chf IVIinh ve giao due de nang cao chat Iifofng giang day tai Trifcfng Can bo Quan If Giao due TP HCIVI ThS TRAN TRONG THAI T[.]
Den/vaf^E ^^'^&^*'*,, \'.\ 13 Van dung mot so'quan diem cua Chu tjch Ho Chf IVIinh ve giao due de nang cao chat Iifofng giang day tai Trifcfng Can bo Quan If Giao due TP HCIVI ThS TRAN TRONG THAI - ThS NGUYEN NGHttA TifeP Trudng Can bp Quan ly giao due TP Ho Chi Minh hpc sinh sy chO dong, hQng thO, ty sing tao, kham phi eai mdi hpc tap, khong gd bd, bat ep cie em vio khudn eiia ngudl ldn Theo Chu tieh Ho Chf Minh thyc hien giao dye khdng the tUy tien, phai ed k l hogeh tCfrig bude Viee gl eung phai tQ nhd din ldn, tQ d i din khd tQ thip din cao M6t chUdng trinh nhd ma thyc hien dUde cdn hdn mpt tram ehUPng trinh to tit nhLfng khdng thUc hien dUdc, "Giio dye eung phai theo hoan cinh, dilu kiSn Phil sQc lim nhUng lim vdl khdng dUpc TQ diy cQa thi thQ nhit la budc thU nhit, thQ hai mdi d i n bUdc thU hai rdi thQ ba mdi l i bude thU ba Vpi thi ngi Lim phii ed k l hogeh, cd hing budc" [4,184], Trong giio dye khdng chi xie djnh dQng dil tupng m i cdn phii tim hilu dilu kien, hoin canh dgy hpe ey thi D l dgy hpe cd htSu qui, ngUdi thiy phii c6 tim nhln khii quit siu sic, I M&r so QUAN DIEM CUA CHD TICH H CHI IVIINH VE nhgy ben v l tQng dd'i tupng vdi hoin einh khic nhau, dgy hpc phai linh hogt, mem dSo phQ hpp vdi tQng dil tupng, chl cd GIAG'DUC each dgy hpe nhu viy mdi phit huy hit ning ciia thiy v i Giio dye loan di$n nhUng p h i i chii y phit trien nang khpi diy dUpc toan bp tiem nang til tuS cua ngUdi hpc Mpi IMc ca nhin ngudl tijy theo dilu kiSn, hoin canh cOa riSng minh d l cd t h i Ngiy 21/10/1964 ndi chuySn vdi cac thiy cd giio, sinh vien tham gia hpc tip, ty hpc v i ty nghiin cQu suit ddi v i cdng nhin viSn cQa Trudng Dgi hpc Su phgm H i Npi, Chu Ngoii giao dye cung phai bilt khdi diy phin tdt tjch H i Chf Minh da ndi: "Dgy cung nhU hpc phal bilt ehu trpng cua eon ngudi tU dd lam cho phin xlu mit din di: "MSI ngudi e i tii lln dQc DQc l i dgo dQc cich mgng Dd l i eii gdc, rat deu ed phin thien va i c Idng Ta phii bilt lim eho quan trpng Nlu khdng cd dao dQc each mgng thi cd tai eung vd dyng" [6,329], NgUdl cung cht rd: "Cd i i i phai cd dUc Cd tai phan tot d moi eon ngUdl nd nhU hoa mQa xuin v i phan xau bi mit din di" [2.516] khflng ed dQc, tham d hQ hda cd hgi cho nUdc Cd dQc khdng co Trong ThU gdi dc hgc sinh nhin ngiy khai tardng diu tiSn til nhu dng byt ngoi chua, khong giQp fch gl dUpe ai" ciia nude ViSt Nam Dan ehu Cdng hda thing 9/1945 ChQ tich [4.184] D l giio dye ed hiiu q u i phal can cQvao trinh dp, nang lye, Ho Chi Mmh d i mong mudn eae em hpc smh dupc hip thy: "mdt nen giio dye lam phat tnen hoin toin nhQng nang lyc dilu kt|n m i ehuyin til ndi dung cho phQ hpp ChQ tich Ho Chf san cd cua cac em", Moi ngUdi l i mdt c i thi e i biit, dde Minh da eh? ro: "Dgi hpe thi c i n kit hpp ly luin khoa hpc vdl dao, khdng gilng al, "nhOng ning lyc sin cd" chlnh l i eii thyc hinh, sQc hpc tip ly lugn v i khoa hpc tien tiln cQa cac nude bgn, kit hyp vdi thyc tiln nudc ta, d l thilt thye giQp fch bam smh, la d t ldi d l iam nSn sy dac trUng, ddc dio cua m6i ngUdi; giao dye phai phit hien "nhQng nang tyc sin cd" dd cho cdng eu?ic xiy dyng nude nhi Tmng hpeth] cin dam bio ciia moi e i nhan, glQp nd "phit trien hoan toan", khdng lim eho hpc trd nhQng tri thQc p h i thdng chic chin, thiet thye, thul ehdt "nhOng nang IQe sin ed" eita mdi c i nhin, phUong thfch hpp vdi nhu ciu v i tien xay dyng nUdc nha, bd nhQng phin nio khdng ein thilt eho ddi sing thyc t l Tiiu hpc thi can phip giio dye phal nhim phat triln nhQng ning tye sing tgo, ca tinh, til ning dpc dao cQa tQng hpc sinh; phii tgo mil giio dye eie chiu thilu nhi: y i u T l quic, ySu nhin din yiu hifdng thuan lpi d l "nhQng ning lyc sin cd" cua eic c i nhin lao ddng, ySu khoa hpe, trpng cua cdng." [4,81] dupe nudi dudng, ehim sde, vun trdng d l nd "phit triln hoin Giio dye p h i i phu h ( ^ ICb tuoi, ddi tUpng toin" giQp din tie Viit Nam "sinh vai vdi eie cUdng qudc nim Chii tjch Hd Chl Minh cho ring, dgy hpc phii tgo cho MdD^U ChQ tjch H Chl Minh, nha van hda Idn t h i gidi, nha giao dye suit sac cQa d i n tde Viet Nam da khai sinh n i n giio dye mdi vdl mong muln dUa nUde n h i "sanh vai vdl cac cudng quIe nam chau" Theo thdng ke hien thi Chii tieh Hd Chi Minh d i cd hPn 140 lin ndi v i vilt v l giio dye NhQng quan dilm v l giio dye eua Ho Chf Minh cd y nghTa cP ban va Idn lao ddt vdl sy nghiSp xiy dyng v i bio vS dit nudc, nhit la hien nUdc ta dang "Dli mdi cin ban, toan diin nin giio dye Vlgt Nam" v i 'Tip tnjng ning cao chat lupng giao dye, dio tgo" nhu Nghi quylt Dgi hSl Dang XI de Trong bai vilt ngan niy chQng ta tim hilu mdt s l quan dilm eiia ChQ tjeh H6 Chf f^^inh v l giio dye tQ dd rdt nhQng bii hoc hQu ich cho ban thin d l ning cao chit lUdng giang dgy 141 r-%^g iBaifve^c ^".-i-pgm chiu" Giao dye ly luin gan lien vdi Vmfc tien, hpc ket h^ vdi h i n h Theo Chu tich Hd Chf Mmh viie thdng nhat giQa ly luin va fiye tien l i nin tang viec xiy dyng cac phUdng phip giio dye NgUdi khang dinh: "Ly luan la su ting kit nhQng kmh nghidm ciia loii ngudi, la ting hpp nhQng tn thQc ve td nhien va xa hdi tich till lgi qua trinh Ifch sO" [4,497] "Hpe t i p ly luin la cdt de i p dyng vio vio thyc t l " [4,497], Va Thye tien khdng cd ly luin hUdng dan thi thinh thUc tien mQ quang Ly luan m i khdng lien he vdi thUe tiln l i ly luin sudng" [4,498] "Hpc vdi hinh phai kit hpp vdi nhau" [6,331] TnJdc hoc mdt dudng, hanh mpt nio Nay phii sQa chUdng trlnh lam d l hpe thi hinh dupe ngay" [2,59-60] Vdi phUdng phip dgy hpe nay, ngudi hpc ed the hpe mpi dieu kien, mpi hoin einh khac Ngudi hpe phii bilt van dyng eie kiln thQe da hpe vio cupc sdng Thing quatiiUctiin thuc tiinh thf nghiem, lao ddng sin xuit till ly luin kiln thQc cua ngudl hpe dUpe gpt dua dUdc lam sang td hdn v i dd chinh l i nen tang d l nhan thQe, de khim phi cii mdi T h ^ hign d i n chCi giao d\ic D l thye hiin din ehuti'onggiao due thi tfUde hit giio due phai lam cho ngUdi dan y thQe dupe quyen lam ehCi cQa minh v i the hiin quyln lim ehil dd thye t l , muln viy thi mpi ngudi phai khdng ngUng hpe tap nang eao ti'lnh dp, nang cao nang lye lim chu "ChQng ta hpe tap chinh l i d l ed dQ nang lyc lam ChQ, ed dQ nang lyc t l ehQe cudc song mdi." D l thye hien dupe dilu dd thi Chu tjeh Hd Chi Minh tha thiet mong mudn mil ngudi hpe can phai cd tinh thin say mS hpe, khdng ngQng hpc tap D l ed the lam chu nUdc nha, lam ehQ bin than phal cing sQc hpc tap, hpe tip la quyln va nghTa vy ciia cdng din ddi vdi To quoc Mpi ngudl khdng ngQng hpc tap vl "ngiy ehfnh chQng ta l i ngudi chQ ChOng ta phii lam chQ cudc sdng mdi ehung ta xiy dyng lin, ChQng ta lim ehu ttjdng lai cua minh va eua eon chau minh" [5,111] De thyc hien din chQ giao dye, can phai xay dyng mil quan h i nha trUdng tiigt tit mpi ngUdi thUdng ydu doin kit giup dd nhau, cQng hoin tdt nhiem vy dupe giao "Ddi vdi mpl van de, thiy v i trd cQng thao luin ed y kiln gi deu thit t h i phat bieu Dieu gl ehua thdng suot, thi hdi, ban cho thdng suof [3.456] Doi vdi mpi van d l , cung ed quyen phat bleu, thao luin, ti'lnh biy y kien cQa minh ve nhQng van de cdn vUdng mic chua hilu de dupe hUdng dan, giai dap tQ dd gdp phan tim chan ly, ehu ddng tilp thu kien thQe Ngudi eung nhic nhd ngudl hpe khdng dupe ty phy, kieu cang ma IQc nio cung phai khiem ton hpc tap: "eii gl bilt thi ndi bilt, khdng biet thi ndi khdng biet KiSu nggo, ty phy, ty man l i ke thQ s l mpt cua hpe tap" [4,499], Ngoai viec thyc hien d i n chCi giao due eung can chu y mdi quan he giQa lanh dgo ddi vdi giao vien, nhan viSn, giQa thiy giio va hpe sinh Mpi vien nha trudng phii lam dung trach nhiem va vi tri ciia minh, nhung phai ban bgc d i n chii, Cd cdng viee gl, linh dao ban bgc vdi mpi ngudi, lam eho tu tudng mpi ngUdi thdng suot, ddng vien mpi ngUdi cung lim, khdng nSn ap dit mpi ngudi: "Phai bin bgc d i n ehii Cd edng viec gl, ban phy trach trudng ban bgc vdi anh em, lam ehoftJtudng mpl ngudi thdng sudt, ddng viSn mpi ngudi cQng lim, ChQ khdng nSn ban phy trach djnh ke hogeh roi bat mpi ngudi lim" (5,589] Ngoai lanh dgo phal ehQ y lang nghe y kiln eua d p dUdi d l dilu hinh n h i trUdng mdt cieh cd hiSu qui: "Ngudi lanh dgo khdng nen kiSu nggo ma nen thau htlu" [2,285] Quan dilm tiiyc hien dan ehil nha trUdng l i mpt nhQng quan diem quan trpng he tiidng tU tUdng Hd Chl Minh v l giao dye Tuy Chu tich Hd Chf Minh da di xa chung hdn 40 nam nhUng quan dilm thyc hien d i n chCi giio dye cua NgUdi v i n edn nguyin g i i tri IL NHii^G BAI HQC KINH NGHIEM RQT RA DE NANG CAO CHAT U/0NG GIANG D^Y TAI TRUdNG CAN BO QUAN LY GIAO DOC TP H CHI MINH Giing dgy p h i i chCi trpng d i n c i c ddi t i i ^ g Khi giang dgy phai phQ hpp c i c doi tupng Idp Trong mdi ldp hpc, kha ning nhan thQc cCia tC/ng ngUdl khic nhau, hoin canh va tfnh cich khac dieu kiin song khac nhau, trinh dd khac dd giang day phai nam rd nang nhin thQc v i hoan canh eiia ngudi hpc d l tim cich thQc giing dgy phd hpp cho tQng doi tupng Cd dot tUpng phii dgy tl mT, tdn nhieu thdi gian thi mdi hieu van d l Cd ddi tupng chl dgy bao quit ma van hieu dUpc van de Khi dgy phai liy ngUdi hpc lim trung tam, day theo ngudi hpc, chQ khdng phii bit ngUdi hpe phii hpc theo each dgy cQa minh Muln vgy ddi hoi ngudi dgy phai ehuan bj bat dgy ky ludng, tiiUdng xuySn eip nhit, bo sung thdng tin mdi Tgo mdi trudng hpc t^p thuan Idt Mdi trudng hpc tgp l i ndi diln qua trinh hpc tip, dong vai trd quan trpng viSc hpe tip Phai co gang tgo dUpc mdi trudng hpo tap thugn ldi thi k i t qua hpc t i p mdi dUpc nang cao Mdi tafdng hpc t|p bao gdm: mdi trudng v i t chit (tn/dng hpc, phdng hpc, b i n ghi, i m thanh, i n h sang, trang thilt bj hpc tip ), v i mdi trUdng t i m ly (biu khdng khitim ly, quan h§ giang viSn - hpc viSn, hpe viSn - hpc viin, quan h§ giao tilp, t3 ehUc hpc tap.,.) GS Ngd Bao Chiu, sau nhQng cdng trin dUdng hpe tap, nghiSn cQu da phat bleu "TQ trii nghiSm d Phip cung nhu My, tdi hieu rang mdi trUdng hpe thuit thit lanh mgnh la dieu kien ten quyet cho sy IrUdng cua nhQng nha khoa hpc tre Mdi tnidng khoa hpe linh mgnh chfnh la ndi hpc thuSt v i dgo dQc hpc thugt ludn dUde x i p d vj t t dau tiSn ciing vdl sy binh ding cQa eac nhi khoa hpe khdng phin biSt gii, trS eung nhU sy tU tuyet ddi nghiin cQu Wioa hpe" [7] X i y dyng npi dung chUdng trlnh phu h^p vdl dac thil ddi ti/png va lya chpn phUdng phap g i i n g dgy phCi hdp De dam bao v i ning cao chat lUdng boi dUdng, can phii thyc hien ddng bp nhilu nhdm giii phip dd cd viee dli mdi ndi dung va phupng phip dgy hpc N^l dung v i phUdng phip giang dgy phii xuat phat tQ thyc tiin, phd hpp vdi thyc tiln va glal quyet nhQng v i n d l cQa thye tien giio dye n6l ehung va quan ly giao dye ndt riSng Vigc d l i mdi npi dung v i phUdng phip phii theo hudng hien dgi nham phit huy tlnh tfch eye sang tgo cQa ngudi hpe tgo nhQng ngUdi cd dii ning lyc va pham chit dip Qng dupc nhQng y i u c i u d l i mdi gito dye hiin Hien nay, ndi dung chuong trinh bdi dudng giio viin vic4n bd quan ly dQ d i ed nhilu Uiay doi nhung v i n cdn ning I? thuylt nhe v l thQc tien, thyc hinh Can doi mdi n^l dung (Xem nip trang 23) ... [2,285] Quan dilm tiiyc hien dan ehil nha trUdng l i mpt nhQng quan diem quan trpng he tiidng tU tUdng Hd Chl Minh v l giao dye Tuy Chu tich Hd Chf Minh da di xa chung hdn 40 nam nhUng quan dilm... nguyin g i i tri IL NHii^G BAI HQC KINH NGHIEM RQT RA DE NANG CAO CHAT U/0NG GIANG D^Y TAI TRUdNG CAN BO QUAN LY GIAO DOC TP H CHI MINH Giing dgy p h i i chCi trpng d i n c i c ddi t i i ^ g Khi... ehung ta xiy dyng lin, ChQng ta lim ehu ttjdng lai cua minh va eua eon chau minh" [5,111] De thyc hien din chQ giao dye, can phai xay dyng mil quan h i nha trUdng tiigt tit mpi ngUdi thUdng ydu doin