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56 DmjmHff Dpng cd khac nhau cua sinh vien trong hoat flpng the chat va tap luyen the thao TS NGUYEN MANH HUNG ThS TRAN THJ NGOC LAN Khoa GOTO Dpi hpc Vinh Bang chQng cho tha''''y rang tham gia cac hopt[.]
DmjmHff 56 Dpng cd khac cua sinh vien hoat flpng the chat va tap luyen the thao TS NGUYEN M A N H HUNG - ThS TRAN THJ NGOC LAN Khoa GOTO - Dpi hpc Vinh B ang chQng cho tha'y rang tham gia cac hopt ddng the chal IhUdng xuyin se nang cao sQc khde lam sinh ly cua ngQdi[1], Chinh vi vay ma ngUdita xem viec tham gia vao cac hopt ddng ihe chat la mdl lieu chuan vd yeu eau thill yeu de nang cao sQc khde Tuy nhiln, cac nghien cQu v l xa hdi hpc cho tha'y mQc dp hoai ddng t h i chat cd chilu hudng giam sQl IQ IQa ludi hpc sinh den sinh vien va cac lopi hinh hopl ddng the ch^t cho sinh vien nhin ehung la khdng du de cd the cai Ihien sQc khde the chal Trong cac nghien cQu trUdc day ve hopl ddng the chat, cac nhd khoa hpc lap trung chi!i y l u vao cac bdi tap va hau hit cac nghien cQu thyc nghiem gan day da va dang dUpc tiln hanh nham cai thien cac thdi quen hopt ddng the chat chQ trpng vao cac bai lap cd ehUdng trinh va ke hoach ey thi, Mdl dyng cy d l dupc mQc dp ddng cd cda hopt ddng the cha't cua sinh v i l n Id bang Danh gid ddng cd hopt ddng the {EMI)[2] Bang danh gia ndy gdm 51 myc va 14 yeu id, d l cap d i n mdt phpm vi rpng rai v l ddng cd tham gia vao cac hopl ddng the chal, bao gdm: Kiem soal cang thang, dem Ipi sQc sdng mdi, sU thich thu, su thQ thach, nhan IhQc xa hpi, hda hpp xa hdi, thi da'u, dp luc ve sQc khde, tranh dm dau, sQc khde tich eye, kiem soatve can nang, ngopi hinh, sQc mpnh-sQc ben, sQ nhanh nhpn, Tinh hpp lp cua EMI budc dau dd dUpe xac minh la phu hpp ddi vdi viec danh gia dpng cd ddi vdi hoat ddng the cha't Thang dd cua EMI cho phep cac nhd nghien cQu phan b i l l dUpc cac yeu td khac lao n l n dpng cd, Trong nghien cQu nay, mpc dich chinh cua chung ldi la so sanh ddng cd ci!ia viec tham gia vd tap luyen the dye the thao ihdng qua thang dp phan biel ve hopt ddng the chal ddi vdi sinh vien Cung thdng qua nghien cQu chQng tdi khao sat sU anh hUdng cua gidi tfnh ddi vdi ddng cd tap luyen va tham gia vao hopl ddng the ihao cua sinh vien Chung ldi hi vpng rang vdi ket qua nghien cQu nayse giQp cho cdc nhd lam cdng lac giao dye the chat vd the thao thiet ke, danh gia vd thyc ap dyng cae chUdng trinh giao dye the chal de nang cao Ihe luc chung cua sinh vien, PhUdng phap nghien ciiu Ddi tupng tham gia: ddi lUpng Ihani gia irong nghien cQu ndy la sinh vien Irudng Dpi hpc Vinh Khoang hdn 500 sinh vien (cCia cac Idp aerobics) tham gia tuyen chpn, sau sang Ipc cac-rdilu kien lien quan chiing toi da cd dUpc sd smh vien tham-gia cu the la 233 sinh vien (132 nQ, 101 nam) tudi tQ 18-22 (M=19.8, SD=1,2) TrUdc tien hanh tham gia vao nghien cQu nay, cac sinh vien da ddng y ti/ nguyen tham gia vdo nghien cQu, Caeh thUc chung tdi thdng bao cho cac sinh vien ty nguyen tra Idl cac cau hdi d phieu phdng van, cac Ihdng tin dQpc giQ kfn, Sinh vien se phai tra ldi mdl each trung Ihyc vdng khoang 10 phul, Cac thdng tin ve cau hdi va cau tra ldi dupe luu giQ phan mem Ihdng k l SPSS, phien ban 7.5 Kiem tra thdng tin ddi tUdng: ddi tupng tham gia cupg cap eac thdng tin lien quan den thdi dp ve boat ddng the chdt cQa hp Tra Idi ch? sd tan sd, Ihdi lupng, mQc dp va dp b i n vQng Ddi tQpng nghien cQu Ira ldi hai lan: lan cho thai dp tap luyen, lan cho viec tham gia vao hoat ddng the thao, Ve lan sd tap luyen dUdc gdi vdi cdu hSi "Hay cho bie't ban tham gia vdo tap luyen the due t h i thao may tren mdl luan?" vdi thang dp tQ 0-7 Ddi vdi thdi gian tap luyin, cdu hdi id "Hay eho biel thdi lUdng bpn tham gia vdo bai tap the dye the' thao?", vdi thang dp danh gia IQ (0-15 phdt) den {tren 90 phul), Ddi vdi mQc d6 tap luyen, cau hoi la "Hay cho biel mQc dp nd lyc tap luyin the dye I h l thao ciia ban?", vdi thang dp danh gia Id 10 diem, IQ {khdng no IQc) den 10 {no lyc tdi da) Ddi vdi sii b i n vQng, chiing tdi sQ dyng cdu hdi "Hay cho b i l t ban da tham gia tap luyen the due the thao dn dinh bao lau?" (it nha't lan mdi tuan), vdi thang dd danh gia la 6, tQ (0-3 thdng) den (tren nam), Kiem tra dpng cPtap luypn Ddi tUdng tham gia nghien cQu hoan bang cau hdi Danh gia ddng cd tap luyen (EMI) cda Markland va Ingledew [2] Bang danh gia gom 51 myc vd 14 y l u lo (thang dp nhd), moi thang dp nhd phan anh ly khac anh hUdng den dpng cd tham gia vao cac hopt ddng the dye the thao Bang bao gdm danh sach cac Ihang dp nhd Ddi lUpng Iham gia nghien cQu tra idi mdi muc vdi thang dp Id diem IQ (khdng dung) den {rat dQng) Table 1, Danh gid ddng cd tap luyen 57 DatfmHpc 30 5-2014 ^ss,,:^ Table J Ddnh gid dpng catap luy?n Thang d$ nhd HOi nhap xdh^i Sd lupng mpc Ddnh thdi gian cho ban Nhin cuon hiit hon IVIyc dich 1dm vi§c tdt Mudn chien thdng cdc hoat ddng Ihl thao Thich cam gidc nd luc Sir thich thii Ket qud ciia chinh minh Sd lieu md la Ihdng ke v l viec Iham gia vdo cdc boat Bdc SI khuyen tap the Ap lire vk sue khde ddng the chat cho thay rang >sd lUdng Iham gia vao bai lap (M=3.58 ngay/tuan, SD=1.46) (M la gia trj trung binh SD la due ths thao ifch chudn) MQc dp lap luyen la (M=6.35, SD=1.96} cao Ngdn ngira b?nh tat Trdnh dm dau hdn so vdi hopl ddng I h l thao {M=5,72, SD=3.33), Tuy nhien, Duy tri/trd nen nhanh Linh hoat Ihdi IQpng vd mQc dp b i n vQng Ipi cho ke'l qua IQdng ly (Ihdi nhen • lupng lap luy|n: M=3.90, SD=1,22; thdi lUpng cho the Ihao Silc khde tich cue Cd ca ihk khde manh la; M=3,88, SD=1,78; dp ben vQng ldp luyen: M=3,70, SUc sdng mdi Cdm thay tdt hon SD=1.83; dp ben vQng the thao: M=3,70, SD=2.27) Gid tri cua bdn than ddi Nh§n thdc xa hpi So sanh ddng cd vdi ngudi khdc ChQng tdi so sdnh kit qua cua bang Danh gia ddng cdldp Sdc manh vd sue ben Tdng cudng sdc b6n luyin {EMI), sQ dyng phQdng phdp phan tfch phQdng sai da Ki^m soal eing thdng Gidm bdt cang Ihang chilu (ANOVA) cho cdc lopi hinh hopl ddng the chal (tdp On djnh ve can nang Kiem soat can nang luyen vd I h l thao) vdi 14 lieu chf IQOng Qng vdi cdc biln phu thudc TrUdc ddi tupng nghien cQu hoan thdnh ban danh gia Bang dUa kel qua diem trung binh cho mdi thang ndy, chiing tdi da giai thfch cu the va ro rang v l sU khac ddnh gia phu, kiem djnh thdng k l va anh hudng mdu Hinh thUc ben ngodi Thii thach Thi dau 4 Muc d(ch giQa cac lopi hinh hopt ddng the chat Chung ldi dpc biet nhan mpnh ve khai niem hoat ddng the chit nhu \a mdt phpm IrQ rdng v l hopt ddng vdn ddng cCia cd the dupc quylt djnh bdi ed bap vdi sp tieu hao nang iQpng, bao gdm cdc hopl dpng cd sp Ipa chpn nhU the thao va cac bai lap khdc, cung nhu la hopt dong lao ddng [3], Chung ldi djnh nghTa the thao nhu mdl hopt ddng the chal dUpc chi phdi bdi cdc quy luat chinh thUc hoac khdng chfnh IhQe lien quan den thi dau ddi khang vd ca nhan [4], NgUdc lai, chung ldi djnh nghTa bai tap nhu Id mdl lopi hinh cCia hopl ddng the chat lien quan den sp nd lyc vdi mUc dp, thdi lUpng va tan sd de tri hope dpi dupc sQc khde hoac myc dich the Ihao [5], Bang 2: Dira k^l qua diim trung binli cho mdi thang ddnh gid phu.kiSm dfnh thdng ki vii anh hie&ne mdu Biii tap Gidi The thao B$anh K^t qud th^ng ke tinh SD M SD M hudng 1.07 Nu 2.38 3.63 1.18 H03i dgng: F(l, 227) - 231 65, p < 001 1.19 Hpi nhap GiiJi tinh: F(l, 227) = 1.07, p >.05 1.00 1.06 0.95 Nam 2.44 3.81 081 2.78 1.22 Nam 3.93 Hoat dOng:F(l, 227)= 144.41, P.05 -0.02 1.19 0.98 3.70 2.99 Na 1.25 Hoat dpng: F(l, 224) - 48.46, p