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II QUAN LY GIAO DUC HOAT DONG LIEN KET TUYEN SINH GlffA TRU0NG CAO DANG NGHE V0I DOANH NGHIEP 0 TINH VINH PHUC ThS Nguyin Ikiygt Lan Trucmg Cao d&ng Cdng ngh$ vd Kinh tim N$i SUMMARY Enrolling new stu[.]
II QUAN LY GIAO DUC HOAT DONG LIEN KET TUYEN SINH GlffA TRU0NG CAO DANG NGHE V0I DOANH NGHIEP TINH VINH PHUC ThS Nguyin Ikiygt Lan Trucmg Cao d&ng Cdng ngh$ vd Kinh tim N$i SUMMARY Enrolling new students is one of the "hottest" activities in vocational training nowadays Educational association between colleges and enterprises will be the most effective measure However, this activity is still much restrictive Enterprise's responsibility for vocational training is unclear The colleges for maintaining and developing is finding out approaching enterprises but meeting many difficulties If there is enterprises' help, emrolling new students will be solve and bring effect in facts Keywords: Activity of enrolling between colleges and enterprises Ng^ nhffn bai: 25/7/2014; Ngay duyp d&ng: 20/8/2014 Lien kit dio tao gifta nhi trutog vdi doanh nghifp dupe xic dinh li bude dOt phi ning cao chit lupng dio t?io nghi Tinh din nim 2010, VTnh Phiic cd tdi 20 khu cdng nghifp da dupe Thii tutog Chinh phu ph6 duyft vdi tdng difn tich li 5.973ha Hifn t?i, phin Ito cic khu cdng nghifp da di vio ho?it dfng, quy md tip trung Ito, thilt bi cdng nghf tuang ddi hifn d?i Diy li ca hfi, nhung cung li thich thurc ddi vdi cic trutog cao ding nghi (CDN) ddng tren dia bin tinh Lien kit vdi doanh nghifp, vdi ca sd sin xuit dang li giii phip dupe coi trpng nhim cung tog ngudn nhin l\rc, gdp phin diy nhanh tdc dO ting trutog kinh tl ddng thdi khing dinh thuang hifu cua ca sd d?iy nghi, die bift li khdi trutog CDN L D^c diem cic trudng cao ding nghi VTnh Phiic Hifn t?i, tren dia bin tinh VTnh Phuc cd trutog CDN nhu: CDN Vift Dire; CDN Vift Xd sd 1; CDN Ca ndng nghifp; CDN sd Cic trutog CDN t|ip trung t?i eie khu ddng din cu nhu VTnh Yf n, Phiic Yen, Binh Xuyfn, VTnh Tutog X^t trgn phuang difn tdng thi, cic trutog CDN VTnh Phiic diu cd chung d^c dilm: Khic CO quan chu quin Mdi trutog mOt ca quan chii quin khic CDN Vift Dure trye thufc tinh VTnh Phiic; CDN sd thuOc BO Qudc phdng; CDN Vift Xd thuOc BO Xiy dyng; CDN Ca Ndng nghifp thuOc BO Ndng nghifp vi PTNT Lich sur thinh lip Ci trutog CDN d VTnh Phiic mdi dupe thinh l^p vi ning eip tir trutog Trung cip ho$c trudng cdng nhin tur nhtog nim • TAP CHfTHI^BIGlAO DMC-sd - / 2006, 2007 Ci bift cd trutog CDN sd vira dupe ning cip vio thing 12 nim 2012 Cd nghTa li, nam 2013 mdi thyc sy li mua In sinh CDN diu tiSn ciia trutog Vdi thdi gian tilp cin dio t^io trinh df CDN chua dii, chua cd nhilu kinh nghif m dio t?io nghi b^c cao, nhung cic trutog CDN da bit diu khing dinh dupe hutog phit triln thdng qua dutog dio t^o dip tog nhu ciu xi hfi Ca ciu td chiirc Vl ca bin, cic trutog diu thinh l$p trung tim cd nhifm vy tuyin sinh, lifn kit, gidi thifu vife lim nhu: Trung tim tog dyng ky thu^t cdng nghf vi xuit khiu lao dOng (CDN Vift Dure); Trung tim tuyIn sinh v i dich vy vife lim (CDN Co Ndng nghifp); Trung tim chuyin giao cdng nghf vi hpp tic qudc tl (CDN Vift Xd sd 1) Tuy nhign, chua cd trutog CDN nio cd bO ph$n chuyfn trich thyc hifn boat dOng lien kit dio t^o giOa nhi trudng vdi DoN Vife kit ndi vdi DoN chi dupe coi li mft nhilu nhifm vy cua trung tim Quy md tuyIn sinh hf CDN Dao dfngtir 300 din 800 sinh vien/nim Quy md nhd, ca bin, chua dip tog tdc edng nghifp hda ciia tinh Nginh nghi dio t^o Cic trutog CDN trfn dia bin tinh VTnh Phiic diu phit triln theo xu hudng dio t^o da nginh da nghi, chua chii y dio t^o cic nghi chuygn nginh Ca ciu nginh nghi dio X^o nhin chung chua hpp ly, chu ylu dio t?io ngudn nhin lye cic nginh: Difn edng nghifp, difn difn tiJr, d td, CO khi, edng nghf thdng tin vi kl toin Dan tdi thyc trying, nhin lye eie nginh tren ddi dio, th^m chi bit diu niy sinh hifn tupng du thira, d^c bift ddi vdi khdi i^inh kl toin Theo thdng kf cua sd LD TB & OUAN LY GIAO DUC XH nam 2011, chua tdi 70% SV nginh kl toin cd vife lim, sd niy thip ban nhilu so vdi cic nhdm nginh khic Vl tdng thi, cic trudng CDN di dip tog yeu ciu nhin luc cua tinh vl cic nginh: Difn - difn tu, Cdng nghf thdng tin v i kl toin DoN Tuy nhien, theo Chien lupe phit trien, tinh VTnh Phiic dang rit cin nhin lye trinh dO cao eie nginh: Ca chi tao; Chi biln luomg thuc; V^t lifu xay dyng cao cip; Hda chiL Trong do, chua cd trutog CDN nio cd nginh ehl biln luong thuc thuc phim, nginh vat lif u xiy dung hay hda chit Ca sd vit chit (CSVC), thilt bi thyc hinh thyc tip cua cic trutog CDN cdn thilu, lac hau, chira tuong xtog vdi sy phit triln edng nghifp tren dia bin tinh Ngo^ trir trutog CDN Vift Due dupe thy hutog vdn vay ODA, eie trutog khic ehd kinh phi, ngan sich nhi nude eip Dilu kifn CSVC, thilt bi, nhi xutog, kinh phi han hpp inh hutog khdng nhd tdi ning dio t^o ciia nhi trutog U Thyc trang ho^it d$ng lien kit tuyen sinh Do li tinh tii thinh lip, VTnh Phiic chua cd nhtog tip doin kinh tl Ito, nhtog DoN dii m ^ cd ning thinh lip trutog CDN trye thupe, dio tgo nhin lye cho chinh DoN, cung chua cd trutog CDN du tilm lye thinh l?lp DoN trye thuOe nhi trutog Vi v^y, md hinh lien kit dio tao theo kilu mOt (giOa trutog CDN v i DoN trye thuOc ho$e giOa DoN vi trutog CDN trye thuOe) chua diln Hifn t^i, ho?t dOng LKDT giCia trutog CDN vdi DoN d tinh VTnh Phiic dupe thyc hifn theo md hinh lien kit ngoii, cd nghTa li DoN v i trudng CDN li nhtog ca sd dpe lip, ty nguyfn lien kit nhim d?t myc tieu nhit dinh cua moi ben tham gia Vl bin chit, md hinh lien kit tren khdng chit vi k6m ring bupe vl trich nhifm nhung lai t^o dupe khoing khdng linh ho^t thuc diy sy tich eye, ning dOng cua eie ben tham gia, nhit li nhi trutog D$t nhi trutog bdi einh egmh tranh cua thi trutog giio dye TuyIn sinh li mOt nhtog vin dk "ndng" ddi vdi eie trutog CDN tren dia bin tinh VTnh Phiie Tuy nhu ciu nhin lye lao dpng trinh dO cao ciia tinh Idn, sy thilu trim trpng ngudn nhin lye cd ky tiiu^ tay nghi t?ii cic khu cdng nghifp, song CDN vin chua dupe coi li sy lya chpn ciia hpc sinh vi gia dinh hpc sinh Trude nguy ca nhi trutog khdng cd SV, chiln dich tuyIn sinh dupe diu tu nhim thu hiit sy quan tim cua xa hOi Phuang phip II tuyIn sinh dupe sii dyng rOng iHi nhit li: quing bi hinh inh nhi trutog tren Website, tr6n cic phuang tifn thdng tin d^i chtog, phit td rcri, cur cin bf tu vin din trutog phd thdng, giao nhifm vy tuyen sinh tdi ttog cin bO cdng nhin vidn nhi trutog nhung tinh hinh tuyIn sinh khdng miy quan Trong dd, da cd trutog chpn dia diem DoN lim mdi trutog tuyIn sinh v i thu dupe kit qui rit ding hura hpn Tuy nhiSn, xet tr6n phuang difn tdng the, m^c du hoat dOng lien kit vdi DoN cdng tic tuyIn sinh da mang lai hifu qui dich thyc, nhung miirc df lien kit chua cao Theo sd lif u khio sit tai trutog CDN vi 32 DoN, cic nhdm ddi tupng dxigc khio sit thdng nhit khing dinh: ho^t dOng lien kit giOa nhi trutog vdi DoN tuyIn sinh cd diln song khdng thutog xuyen Cy thi: Khi dinh gii mure dO lien kit, cd 52.5% CBQL nhi tiartog, 53.8% GV, 41.5% SV dang hpc, 56% CBQL DoN, 67,1% ngudi LD cd trinh dO CDN dang lim vife t^i DoN cho ring ho?t dOng lien kit tuyIn sinh chi dtog d mure dO ddi 12.5% SV hoin toin khdng bilt vl ho^t dpng niy Ti If y kiln khing dinh hogit dOng lien kit diln thutog xuy6n thip d nhdm GV, SV, ngudi LD Sd dT, mure dO lien kit thutog xuyen thip nhilu nguyen nhin, chii ylu xuit phit tir phia DoN, ti^ sy thay ddi kl ho^h sin xuit, sy ning eip day chuyin edng nghf din toe dO phit triln ciia DoN Nhtog ly ci nhin lien quan tdi Ipi ich cung gay khd khan khdng nhd cho ho?t dOng lien kit bit chip nhu ciu nhin lye tiiyc tl t?i DoN Do viy, quin ly ho^t dOng lien kit tuyIn sinh ludn li vin dk "ndng" cua cic trutog CDN m§i din miia tuyIn sinh K I ho^ch tuyIn sinh da dupe xiy dyng, song cic trutog nghi ludn tim trying hdi hOp ehd dpi kit qui thi d?ii hpc dl rdi phin khdi, nhift tinh mdi chio thi sinh khdng du dilm chuin vio cic trutog d?i hpc Nguy ca thilu ving sinh vifn ludn thutog trye tren mii trutog CDN Lien kit tuyIn sinh dupe coi li giii phip dam bio tri v i phit triln hogit dOng nhi trutog Tuy nhi6n, tren thyc tl, ho^t dOng lifn kit tuyIn sinh chira d^t hifu qui mong dpi Khio sit vl ly vi nhtog dy dinh khiln hpc sinh din vdi trudng CDN cho thiy: Qua khio sit cd thi kit luin: trutog CDN chua phii li sy lya chpn ban diu, li udc ma cua TAPCHlTHI^BJGlAODUC - S5109 - 9/2014 • II QUANLVGIAODUC Bang: Thdng ke th\rc trgng ddu vdo cac trudng CDN tir phia SV Dan vi tinh: % TT Thyc trang diu vio cic trudng CDN theo y kiln sinh vien Ban chpn nginh hpc vi vac hpc tai trudng lido Tllf Chua CO dilu kif n vio hpc d^i hpc 28.5 Qua tu vin hudng nghifp t^i trudng phd thdng 19.5 Qua thong tin quing cao gidi thifu vl nhi trutog tren cic phuang 20.5 tifn thdng tin d^ii chiing Qua trung tim tu vin gidi thifu vife lim 14.0 Qua truyin mif ng vl nhi trutog tir ban bd, hing xdm 37.3 Ty bin than tim hilu 26.8 Hpc tam, nam sau thi dai hpc 16.0 Do y mu6n cha mf ho5c ngudi thin gia dinh 13.3 Do cd trp giiip vl tii chinh tir cic nguin quy ho trp dio t?io nghi 32.8 Dy dinh cua b?in Di lim t^i cic doanh nghifp ngoii quic doanh quylt dinh vio hpc t?i Ty md cua hing kinh doanh rieng trudng CDN Tilp tyc hpc ISn d^i hpc cd dilu kifn 20.5 10.3 23.3 Xin vife cic ca quan nhi nude nlu cd thi 27.5 HS trp cdng vife kinh doanh sin cd t?ii gia dinh hoic ngudi thin 9.5 Chua xic djnh 23.5 Dy djnh khic 13.0 SV 28.5% SV bufc phii vio CDN chua cd dilu kifn vio d^\ hpc 16% SV xic djnh hpc t?im nim sau thi tilp dai hpc, duong nhien, nlu thi d5, SV sin sing bd trutog CDN Cd nhtog SV vio trudng CDN tir nhilu ly nhu: cd trp giiip vl tii chinh, y mudn ciia gia dinh, thi d^i hpc khdng dd Tren thyc tl, nguIn tuyIn sinh hifn tai ciia nhdm trudng cao ding, CDN li sd lupng hpc sinh trupt thi dai hpc, khdng phii cdng tic phin ludng tir phd thdng Sau nim chic kit qui hong thi, cic thi sinh bit diu tim vl cic trutog cao ding Nghjeh ly niy tilp diln tir nam niy din nim khic, l$p di lip lai vio mdi mua tuyIn sinh VTnh Phiic da tiln hinh phin ludng, nhung sd lupng hpc sinh "tich ludng" rit Idn Phin nhilu vi tim ly coi trpng bing cip efng ddng dan eu VTnh Phiic Sd lupng hpc sinh theo phin lulng (Khdng dupe thi dgii hpc) li ca hOi cho eie trutog cao ding TAP CHl JWVtJ B| GlAO DgC- Sd 109 - 9/2014 Theo sd lif u khio sit, vife chpn trutog ciia hpc sinh chiu inh hutog vi tie dOng Ito tir ngudn thdng tin truyin mif ng qua b^n bf, hing xdm, ehilm tdi 37.3% Diy li ylu td bit ngd nhung \^\ li k6t qui that vl uy tin, thuang hifu ciia nhi trudng Dutog nhu, ho?it dOng "ri tai" khdng edng khai iy lai cd sijrc m?inh ban bin nhtog pand, ip pic quing cio rim rO- Thyc tl cho thiy, ho?it dOng quing cio vl nhi trutog trfn cic phuang tifn thdng tin d?i chtog, cic trang web, qua cic trung tim tu vin gidi thifu chi inh hutog 34.5% SV Ngoii ra, ylu td tii chinh trp giiip DTN ciing cd inh hutog khdng nhd 32.8%, d|e bift ddi vdi hO gia dinh nghfo khu vyc ndng thdn M$t khic, cung theo thdng ke so bO, so lupng SV ed y dinh lim vife \^\ eie DoN ho$e tham gia ITnh vyc kinh doanh ehilm 67.8% dd, nhilu SV mudn tilp tyc hpc Ifn d^\ hpc Ding ng?i nhit OUAN LV GIAO DUC II Hinh 1: Td chuc xay dung Bgphdn thdng tin - dich vu hd tra cdng tdc tuyen sinh BQ PHAN TIN - DICH vy H TRgr C N G T A C T U Y ^ N SINH TH6NG DOANH NGHIEP NHATRl/dfNG V Hf THdNG T H O N G TIN - D|CH Vy DAO TAO ir ^r Kha nang dao tgo V Phuang thuc dao tgo ^r •^f Ngudn lye li sd lupng SV chua xic dinh sau niy nen di lim hay hpc tilp ehilm tdi 23.5% Cung nhilu SV vira mudn di lim vira mudn di hpc Duong nhien, nhtog dy dinh dd dl ding thay ddi theo dilu kifn hoin einh sau niy Vin dl li d cho, SV chua "thich", chua "mudn" gin kit vdi nghi nghifp dupe dio t?io t?i trutog CDN Thyc trying tren hoin toin ddi nghich nlu nhi trutog bit tay vdi DoN Cic khu edng nghifp VTnh Phiic dang ngiy cing md rOng, thu hiit ngudn nhin lye Ito ei vi ngoii tinh Tren thyc tl, dio t?io theo dan dit hing tir DoN da xoi bin mdi lo vl tuyIn sinh cho nhi trudng Bii hpc dit li phii xiy dyng thuang hifu dich thyc, nilm tin cOng ddng vdi chit lupng dio tao ciia nhi trutog, dl ngiy cing nhilu DoN tin tutog, sin sing liSn kit vdi nhi trutog HL Giii phip ning cao hifu qui ho^t dpng lifn kit tuyIn sinh Lien kit vdi DoN, huy dOng sy hS trp tir phia DoN edng tie tuyIn sinh vira giii quylt dupe sy khd khin vl tuyIn sinh phia nhi trutog, vira cung cip ngudn lao dOng ed ky ning, tay nghi, dip tog nhu ciu sin xuit cho DoN Giii phip bit diu tir: Xiy dyng BO phan thdng tin djch vy h6 trp edng tie tuyIn sinh, trye thuOe trung tim lien kit tuyIn sinh gidi thifu vife lim Td thdng tin - dich vy ho trp cdng tie tuyIn sinh ed nhifm vy: chu dOng li6n kit vdi cic DoN hinh thinh hf thdng thdng tin dich vy dio V^o gdm eie nOi dung (Hinh 1) Kit hpp vdi sd GD & DT VTnh Phiic, cic trutog PTTH h-ong tinh thyc hifn tdt cdng tic phan ludng hpc sinh THPT, trinh hifn tupng hii Djch vy ho trp ^f Thuang hipu hOp ehd, vet hpc sinh thi trupt d?i hpc Da d?ing hoi ngudn tuyIn sinh Chd trpng ngudn hpc sinh tir cic DoN - Chu dOng khio sit, nim bit nhu ciu nhin lye cua DoN, tuyIn smb, dio t§w theo nhu ciu thyc tl tir phia DoN Thilt lip mdi quan hf liu dii, bin vtog vdi DoN Cd chinh sich phii hpp lien kit tuyIn sinh vdi DoN IV Kit lu^n: Lien kit tuyIn sinh vdi DoN li mOt hudng di mang lai hifu qui thilt thyc cho trutog CDN Tuy nhien, hifn t^i, ho^t dOng lien kit tuyIn sinh cdn cim chtog, dd dit vi mang nhilu ylu td "mua vy" Trich nhifm cua DoN vdi sy nghifp phit triln nhin lye cdn md nh?t Cic trutog CDN, vi sy tri vi phit triln nhi trutog, dang tich eye tiln din gin DoN, tilp e$n DoN song DoN chua miy "m^n mi" bdi 16 rit dan giin, nhin lye lao dOng mi hp vin coi li "ngudn hing hoi edng cOng" hifn rit ddi dio, hp ed thi y lya chpn khdng cin quan tim din trich nhifm, din nghTa vy dio t^o "ngudn hing hoi edng eOng" dd Tii lif u tham khio UBND tinh VTnh Phiic (2011) Quy hogch phat triin kinh ti xa hgi tinh VTnh Phuc din nam 2020 vd tdm nhin din nam 2030 2, Sd LD TB vi XH tinh VTnh Phiic (2012) Bdo cdo tdng hgrp ndng luc dao tao cac ca sd dgy nghe tinh TAP CHt THifr B| GlAO DMC - Stf 109 - 9/2014 • 11 ... lya chpn ciia hpc sinh vi gia dinh hpc sinh Trude nguy ca nhi trutog khdng cd SV, chiln dich tuyIn sinh dupe diu tu nhim thu hiit sy quan tim cua xa hOi Phuang phip II tuyIn sinh dupe sii dyng... nguIn tuyIn sinh hifn tai ciia nhdm trudng cao ding, CDN li sd lupng hpc sinh trupt thi dai hpc, khdng phii cdng tic phin ludng tir phd thdng Sau nim chic kit qui hong thi, cic thi sinh bit diu... HL Giii phip ning cao hifu qui ho^t dpng lifn kit tuyIn sinh Lien kit vdi DoN, huy dOng sy hS trp tir phia DoN edng tie tuyIn sinh vira giii quylt dupe sy khd khin vl tuyIn sinh phia nhi trutog,