& THUC TIEN GIAO DUC TINH NE NEP GIA PHONG CUA THANH NIEN HUE HIEN NAY PHONG DiNH M ^ Trung l im Gtio due tbudng xuyen Bai hoc Hutf OINH THj HdNG VAN TniAng flal hue Stf pham Bai hoc Hu^ Torn tcff Tin[.]
& THUC TIEN GIAO DUC _ TINH NE NEP GIA PHONG CUA THANH NIEN HUE HIEN NAY PHONG DiNH M ^ - Trung lim Gtio due tbudng xuyen - Bai hoc Hutf OINH THj HdNG VAN - TniAng flal hue Stf pham - Bai hoc Hu^ Torn tcff: Tinh ne nip gia phong dUpc ddnh gid Id nit tinh cdch ddc trUng vd nSi bdt cda ngudi Hui Dtfliiu thu th4p_ dupe ttf 1.600 niin Huieho thdy nit tinh cdch ndy dupe thi hiin khd ro Tlnh ninip, gia phong ehju sUchiphoib^ yiu to gido due gia dinh Trong ede biiu hiin eua tinh ni nip gia phong d niin Hu^y thtfc sum hpp gia dinh vd sii mong muon qudy qudn hin mdm cam vdi ngudi thdn dUpc thi hien rd nhdt Tinh ni nip gia phong Id mdt net tinh cdcl\ rdt ddng dupe trdn trpng cda niin Hui ede gia dinh Hue cdn chd trpng gido due eho eon chdu Ttf khda: Ne nip gia phong; tlnh each; niin Hui (Nhdn bdi ngdy 16/5/2016; Nhdn kit qud phdn biin vd chlnh stfa ngdy 10/6/2016;Duyitddng ngdy 24/6/2016) l.eitvlnde Thda Thien Hue id mdt ttnh thdnh nam d vung duyfn bli Ble mien Trung, mdt vung dat van hienedbf ddy ljch sd - vdn hda lau ddi vd ddc sic Theo nhdn x l t cda nhieu nhd nghifn cdu, van hda, tinh each efia ngddi Hue ed mdt nft rat rifng [1 ] Phan Hdu Dit ndi v l v l n hda Hul d l t h i hifn sd ddng d m cda minh vdi nhdng nhdn dinh ndy vd dng cdn nhan manh:"Hilm ed mot ddn tde nIo trfn t h i gidi, hiem cd mdt vung eua dat nude ndo trfn dia elu cung nhutrong nude ta ma tinh each eon ngudi dUpe elm nhan ddc dio, phong phti, da dang denkllanhUxdHul"[2] N l nip (hay cdn gpi la n i n nip) dupe hieu Id nhdng quy djnh v l thdi quen de tri trat ty dn djnh sinh hoqit [3] Gia phong Id td Hin Viet Gia nghTa Id nhi, phong td n l nip, khudn phep giao dye Td dien Hdn Vift gidn yfu cung gili nghia gia phong la: "Thdi nhi: Tip qudn, gilo dye gia tpc* Odng nhat vdi quan dilm ndy, TU dien Tieng Vilt cung eho ring gia phong Id thdi nhd, nip nhd-Tdnhdng nghTa gdc cd bdn dd, tinh n l nip gia phong ddpc hilu Id thdi quen gid gin mdt edch cd tratty, kl ludt nhdng i l Idi, nip nhd [4] Khi ndi vf ngudi Hul, tinh n l nip gia phong ddpc xem Id mdt nhdng net tinh d c h dac trUng, ndi bit nhit; dupe d c gia dinh Hul t i p trung giao dye eho chiu Hue tam diem eda miln Trung dat nude, lai cd t h i m thdi ki hdn 140 nam Id trung t i m chfnh trj eda nhd nudc phong kien, tutig thu hiit nhin tdi, vat lye, g i l trj vdn hod cda ed nude Cho nin, trin nhieu phuang diln, ngudi Hul ludn ed gIng tri d c khudn phep, chuan myc truyln thdng trude ddy Tiln Oat bai vilt "Tinh cdch ngudi Hue" eung da vilt: "BUde vdo ede gia dinh Hue, ngudi ta se edm nhan dupe ring ngUdi Huf sdng rat cd phep tie td gia tdi trf, td d i n dng eon trai d i n ddn b l gdi, t i t d tudn theo mdt khudn phf p d l ed trude dd td rat lau dd chfnh td truyln thdng nen n i p gia phong Ngudi l i ^ tuoi dupe kinh trpng vd de eao, Idp t r i ehi d n di vdo nha thay khdch d i n choi Id phli thua, di thi phli xin phf p gia dinh vd khdch"[3] Trong bdi d n h hdi nhap van hda, cdng nghilp hda - hifn dai hda dat nude cung nhu vifc triln khai cdc nhifm vu kinh te - xa hdi mdi, lifu tinh n l nip gia phong die trUng ndy ed edn dUde gid nguyin tang \dp^ nien trf tuoi hay khdng Id mdt vln d l ddng quan tam De lam rd dilu nly, can cd nhdng nghien cdu khdo sat tren dien rdng nhim danh g i l mdt each khdch quan vd toan difn Nghiin ctfu ndy duge tdi trg bdi Quy Phdt triin Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghi Qudc gia (NAFOSTED) trongdetdimds6Vn.1-2013.19 K i t q u i nghien cihi ve tinh ne nep giao phong cOa nien H u ^ h i l n 2.1 Phuang phdp nghiin etfu De danh gid tfnh n l n i p gia phong ciia niin Hul, nghiin edu sd dyng phUdng phdp chd dao Id dilu tra bing bing bdi Bdng hdi bao gdm ed 09 Items the hiln tfnh n l n i p gia phong d mdt sd khfa canh cd bdn ddi sdng d nhin Mdi item cd mdc dd d l khdch t h i lya chpn vdi k i t q u i djnh tinh dUdc chuyen sang C^nh lUdng nhu sau: = hodn todn khdng ddng y; = khdng ddng y; = phdn vdn; = ddng j?; = hoan todn ddng y Vdi nhdng item nghjch, diem so ddpc tlnh: = hodn toan khdng ddng y; = khdng ddng )?; = phan vdn; = ddng j?; = hodn todn ddng y, Ben eanh dd, ehung tdi edn sddyng thfm phddng phdp tinh hudng d l thu thap thfm nhdng thdng tin bl trp nhim ddnh gid ey the va rd rang hon v l nhdng bilu hifn eda tinh n l nep gia phong eiia nien Hul hifn Kit qud khdo sit ddpc xd If bing phin mim SPSS philn bin 15.0 v l ddpc phan tich thdng qua phdong phdp thdng k l md td (tan suat, diem trung binh, dp lech chuan) va thdng k l suy luan (phdn tich so sdnh) 2.2 Khdch the nghiin etfu Khdch the nghiin edu chfnh la 1.600 niin Hue td 18 den 25 tudi, gdm hpc sinh, sinh viln va cdng nhdn viln chdc Thanh niin Hul nghiin edu ddpc hilu II nifn gdc Hue Vifc xdc djnh niin gdc Hul ddpc dda trin hai tieu chf ed bin sau: 62>KHOAH9CGlA0nUC di^Lii THUC TIEN Gi/lO DUG * & - Ve mat dia li: Hiln dang sinh sdng dia phdn tfung v l n hda Hue Phia Ble kfo den thdn Gilp J^y, xa Dien Hddng, huyfn Phong Difn; phfa Nam k l o d i n xa Nhat Thuang, huyfn Nam Odng; phfa Tdy keo den xa Hdng Thdy, huyfn A Ludi; phfa Odng kfo den thj tran Ldng Cd, huyfn Phd Ldc - Ve mat li ljch nhan t h i n : Sinh vd Idn len gia dinh ed ft nhat ba t h i hf la ngddi Hul, tfnh t d phfa hp npi Ngodi ra, nghiin cdu edn trUng elu y kiln v l tfnh n l nep gia phong eda nien H u l t r i n 177 ngUdi den t d ede tfnh thdnh khic, cd thdi gian dai sinh sdng d Hul Nhdng y kiln cda nhdm quan sit id cd sd de ddnh gia khaeh quan v l todn difn hdn ve tinh n l nep gia phong cda niin Hue 2.3 Kit qud nghiin ciJfu Moi mdt gia dinh d l u ddt nhdng khudn phep, quy djnh ve n l n i p riing d l gilo dye eho chdu Nl nep gia phong cda ede gia dinh Hue the hiln rd d cdc khia eanh nhd: Cung cdch dng xd, dn ndi ed phep tie gida ede thdnh viln gia dinh; eoi trpng hieu nghia, sum hpp gia dinh; ed ^ thdc gid gin, phdt huy cle truyen thdng gia dinh Sd lieu d Bing eho thay nhilu niin Hue lya chpn mdc dd"ddng y°vdi ede bleu hifn cda tinh n l nep gia phong Oilu chdng td tinh ne nep gia phong t h i hifn khd rd hlnh vi eua nien Hul Bdng 1: Cdc biiu hiin tfnh ne nip gia phong cda niin Hui TT Cac b i l u h i f n cda t f n h n l n i p gia phong DTB OLC Tdi t h i y viec x u n g h d I I p h i p vdi * nhdng ngUdi t h d n t r o n g gia dinh that 3,99 sU k h d n g can t h i l t 1,146 Toi thay k h d n g nin qud nang ne ve v i f c 2* gid g i n p h e p t i c , t o n ti t r i t t y t r o n g gia dinh 3,69 1,194 3" N h i f u liic t o i cdm thay v i f c h i l u nghTa 4,10 vdi o n g ba, cha m e la gdnh nang vdi t o i 1,104 Tdi coi t r o n g ( n h d ngdy, cd mdt, t h a m gia p h u v i f c ) v i f c t h d p h u n g , c i i n g ki ciia gia d i n h , d o n g ho, gia tdc 0,993 Tdi thich sum h o p gia d i n h m d i d i p le, 4,36 tft 0,920 Tdi thfch dn c o m vdi n h d n g ngudi than t r o n g gia d i n h 4,29 0,946 Viee g i d g i n vd phdt huy truyen t h d n g 7* gia d i n h k h o n g p h l i Id trdeh n h i f m chinh eda t d i 3,71 1,190 Tdi CO y t h d c bdo v f d a n h gia d i n h , d o n g t d c di trdnh d i f u t i i n g cho gia d i n h 3,98 0,922 3,77 Tdi c h d t r p n g p h i t t r i l n ca nhdn, phat huy vd bdo v l t r u y l n t h d n g gia dinh h d n Id q u a n t d m d d n g g d p vdo sy phat t r i l n cda c p n g d d n g , s U h U n g t h j n h ciia 2,93 1,107 3,87 0,562 xd Hul Chung fChu thfch •: Nhiing item ddo nghich; DTB: Diim trung binh (1TB ^ THUC T I I N GIAO DUG _ djnh "Nhieu Idc tdi edm thdy viic hiiu nghia vdi dng bd, cha me Id gdnh ndng vdi to/" Su ban rdn eiia eudc song hifn dai eung nhd su phdc tap eua ede le nghi I n h hudng eda c h l dd phong kiln dd khiln mdt bp phin nhd nif n cd bilu hiln nhu vdy, song nhin ehung, xu hudng chd dao la sy thye hiln hanh vi hilu nghia mdt d c h nhe nhdng d nif n Hul Oay I I truyln thdng tdt dep, dang trdn trpng, d n dupe gid gin Gid gin phep t i e nghiim ngdt giao tilp, dng xd la mdt n i t rat dac trUng cda ngudi Hul Dd liiu d Bdng eho thiy nien H u l r i t eoi trpng van de ndy 74,5% niin Hue khdng eho ring "viicxUng hd le phip vdi nhC^g ngudi ^dn gia dmh that stf khdng cdn thiif: 63,2% "khdng ddng y" va "rit khdng ddng y" vdi nhdn djnh "khong nin qud ndng ni vi viic gitfgin phip tdc, ton ti trdt ttf gia dinh" Oilu ndy ed nghTa, phan Idn niin Hue nhdn thay d n thiet xUng hd le phep vdi nhdng ngudi thin vd can phli gid phip tie, tdn ti trIt ty gia dinh Ddi vdi nhdng ngddi d i n t d tinh thinh khic sdng d Hul, nhdng bieu hien tren cda nien Hue dupc ddnh gid n h u t h l ndo? So liiu Bdng chi ring, ho cung dinh gia bilu hifn the hifn khd rd nifn Hul Tuy nhif n, nhilu bilu hif n d mde dp thap ban so vdi ty danh gia eda nifn Hul Theo danh g i l nhdm khdch thf quan sat, y thdc sum hpp, quay quan b i n gia dinh, suhilu nghTa cdng nhdsdxUng hd l l phip khdng cao bing nhu nien Hue tu danh gia Sy biln ddi cda x l hdi hien dai, sd cdi md vdi t h i gidi bin ngodi, ed the khiln eho mdt sd truyln thdng, quy cdch dng xd cda niin H u l khdng edn ddm nft nhd ngddi H u l xUa Oly cd the II li cho sy dinh gid chlnh Ifch ndy gida hai nhdm khach t h i Mdt nhdng bleu hifn eO bin eiia gia phong ngddi H u l Id ^ thdc ddng tde rat cao Oilu ndy dupc thi hifn qua vile ehu trpng vifc thd phyng, cdng kj cda gia dinh, ddng hp, gia tde; gid gin vd phdt huy truyen thong gia dinh; ^ thdc bdo vf danh gia dinh, ddng tdc dl tranh dieu tiing cho gia dinh Dd liiu khdo sit d Bing cho thay nhdng bieu hifn dupc t h i hifn khd ro is nifn Huf Kft q u i t d tinh hudng nghifm cOng thdng nhat vdi dilu nly Vdi tinh hudng: "Thdi gian tham gia vdo mdt hogt ddng thiin nguyin rdt ed y nghia (thdm trgi tri mo cdi chdm sde ngudi gid neo dan, gidp id ddn ngheo sau thiin tai) trdng vdi ngdy kj ddng hg cua bgn" 64,0% nifn Hue da lya chon phUdng dn: "tdi chd ki mgt ti, hodc din thdp huang trude dd rdi di tham gia hogt dgng thiin nguyin", 17,2% nifn "tdi chb ki, khdng tham gia hogt dgng thiin nguyin vi viic hp tdc quan trpng han; cd nhiiu ngddi tham gia vdo hogt d^ng thiin nguyin, bgn cd vdng mat eung khdng sao°, chl cl 18,8% "tham gia vdo hogt ddng thiin nguyin, khdng viki v'l nghi rdng ndm ndo minh cung c6 mat d ngdy kj ndy r6l, vdng mpt lan khdng sao" NhU vdy )> thdc ddng t^c, col trpng vifc thd cdng ddpc the hifn rd net d nifn Hul Thdm ehi, nhdm khdch t h i d i n td tlnh thdnh khdc Bdng 2: Sukhdc biet gitfa ddnh gid vi tinh ninip, gia phong eua niin Hui vd nhtfng ngudi din ttf ede tlnh thdnh khdc sdng d Hui Cdc b i l u h i f n cda t i n h n l n i p gia p h o n g TT Thanh nifin Hul(n=1600) NgUdl quan 5dt[n=177) DTB DLC 0TB DLC t(17751 Tdi thay v i f c xUng h d I f phep vdi nhdng ngUdi thdn t r o n g gia dinh t h a t sy khdng d n thiet 3,99 1,146 3,71 0,913 Tdi thay k h d n g nin qud nang ne v l viec g i d gin p h e p tac, t d n t i trdt t y t r o n g gia d i n h 3,69 1,194 3,83 0,849 -2,04* N h i l u liie tdi cdm thay v i l e h i l u nghTa vdi dng ba, cha m e Id gdnh nang vdi tdi 4,10 1,104 3,79 0.837 4,53"»* Toi coi t r p n g (nhd ngdy, c d mat, t h a m gia p h u v i e c ) viee t h d p h u n g , cung kj ciia gia d i n h , d o n g hp, gia tde 3,77 0,993 4,08 0,808 -4,71'" Toi thich sum h o p gia d i n h m o i dip le, t i t 4,36 0,920 4,08 0,772 4,43"* Tdi thfch an c d m vdi n h d n g ngudi than gia d i n h 4,29 0,946 3,82 0,820 7,08*'» Viec g i d gin vd phat huy t r u y f n t h d n g gia d i n h khong phdi Id trach nhiem chinh cOa t d i 3,71 1,190 3,93 0,826 -3,09"* Tdi ed y thdc bdo ve t h a n h danh gia d i n h , d d n g tdc de tranh d i l u t i i n g cho gia d i n h 3,98 0,922 4,06 0,729 -1,21 Tdi chd t r p n g phdt t r i l n cd nhdn, phdt huy va bdo ve t r u y f n t h d n g gia dinh h d n Id quan t a m d d n g g d p vao sy phdt trien cua cdng d o n g , sU hUng t h i n h cda x d Hue 2,93 1,107 3,57 0,940 -7,41 " • 3,87 0,544 -0,10 Chung 3,87 0,562 3,82"* (ChOtihlch:": 7