NGHIEN COU Li LUAN I MOT SO GIAI PHAP PHAT TRIEN Dpi NGU GIAO Sir, PHO GIAO SlT CUA VIET NAM NGUYiN DIJrC KUY Van Phong Hoi adng Chû c danh Gido su Nhd nifdc Email ndhuy@moeLedu vn Tdm tdt Phdttriin[.]
NGHIEN COU Li LUAN I MOT SO GIAI PHAP PHAT TRIEN Dpi NGU GIAO Sir, PHO GIAO SlT CUA VIET NAM NGUYiN DIJrC KUY Van Phong Hoi adng Chu^c danh Gido su Nhd nifdc Email: ndhuy@moeLedu.vn Tdm tdt: Phdttriin dpi ngu gido suvd gidosUeo vai tro rat quan trong viee phdt trien su nghiep gido due ddo tao vd nghien ctfu khoa hoc cua Viet Nam Bdi viet phdn tieh, ddnh gid nhtfng thudn lai, khd khdn vd quan diem phdt tnen dp ngu gido suvd gido sU hien Tudo, tde gid de xudt mot so gidl phdp eu the vi phdt trien dpi ngu gido suva phd gido sUnhdm ddp dng cho suphdt tnen eua Viet Nam Theo tde gid bdi viet, Viet Nam dang ngdy cdng hoi nhdp quoc te manh m cd ve kmh te vd khoa hoe cong nghe, md rpng quan he hap tdc, tdng eUdng viec tiep cdn vd tiep thu edc thdnh ti/u, tien bo khoa hoc vd cong nghe tren the gidi Doi ngu gido su vd gido sula lue lugng tri thtfe ndng cdt, gitf vai tro quyet dmh vd ddn ddt viec phdt trien sunghiep ddo tao vd nghien ctfu khoa hoc cua Viet Nam thdi ki mdi Vi vgy cdn quan tdm phdt tnen vd eo chinh sdch ddu tu thoa ddng doi vdi doi ngu gido sU, gido sua Viet Nam Ttf khda: Gido sU; gido su; phdt trien, gido due; khoa hoc (Nhdn bai 07/03/2017; Nhan ket qud phdn bien va chinh sda 05/04/2017, Duyet ddng ngdy 25/04/2017) Boi canh chung 1.1 Bdi ednh thuan Igi eho stf phat trien dpi ngu gido sUvd phd gido sUdVietNam Trong nhdng nam qua, nhlt la td thuc hien dudng ldi doi mdi, Oang va Nha nUdcta da co nhieu chu truong, chinh sach ve tiep tuc xay dung va phIt tnen ddi ngii tri thdc ndi chung, ddedgiao sU(GS), phd giao su (PGS) - lUe luong lao ddng tri dc cd trinh dd hoc vln cao, ddng vai trd la ndng cdt sang tao va truyen ba kien thdc Truacyeu eau day manh edng nghiep hda, hien dai hda dat nudc, OSng da ban hanh nhieu nghi quyet, chi thi ve giao due va dao tao, khoa hocva cdng nghe, chinh sach thu hut tn thdc la ngudi Viet Nam d nudc ngoat , hudng toi muc tieu phat tnen nhanh ve sd luong, nang eao chat luong va phat huy vai trd sang tao, cdng hien ciia ddi ngu tn thue Tinh thin ddi mdi can ban v l triet de duoc danh dau bing Nghi quyet Hdi nghi lan thdVII Ban Chap hanh Trung uang khda X ve Xay dUng ddi ngu tn thue thdt ki day manh edng nghiep hda, hien dai hda dat nudc (Nghi quyet sd 27 06 thang nam 2008), duoccu the hda bang he thdng cac dean tren ele linh vUe, gan vdi sU phln cdng va an dmh thdi gtan thuc hien cu the Dac biet, Nghi quyet Hdi nghi Trung uong khoa XI da de cap den nhung van de Idn, cdt ldi, cap thiet, tu quan diem, tu tUdng chi dao den muc tieu, ndi dung, phuong phap, eo che, chinh sach, dieu kien blo dim thuc hien otatca cac loai dao tao thuc su tao co hdi mdl cho viec tiep tuc xay dung va phat tnen ddi ngu tri thuc, cd ddi ngu GS, PGS He thdng co che ehinh sach ve xay dUng va phat tnen ddi ngu tn thdc, ve ddi mai td ehde va hoat ddng ciia cac td chuc khoa hoe va cdng nghe, co sd giao due cang hoan thten Tinh than chung la nang cao quyen tU chii, tu chiu trach nhiem, phat huy tinh nang ddng, tich cue, sang tao ciia td chdc khoa hoc, cdng nghe va cosd giao due diotao Oang luuy la cac cache, chfnh sach eo hen quan duoc quan tam the ehe hda kip thdi, tao mdl trudng thuan Igi cho viee khuyen khich va thuc day hoat ddng nghien cdu khoa hoc, Cung vdi nhdng dot mdl quan li nha nuoc ve khoa hoc, cdng nghe va giao due dao tao, viec hoan thien khudn khd phap li ve eae linh vue cd lien quan la yeu td tien de de tao lap va phat tri^n thi trUdng khoa hoc va cdng nghe - mdi trudng quan khdng the thay the viee phat tnen ddi ngu tri thdc Qua trinh hdi nhap qudc te, trudc het la hdi nhap kinh te qudc te cang tao dieu kien thuan loi de cac nha khoa hoc md rdng quan he hap tac, tang cudng viec tiep can v l tiep thu cac tUu, tien bd khoa hoe va cdng nghe tren the gidi Ben canh dd, viec tiep nhan va ap dung cae kmh nghiem phd bien xay dung va phat trien ddi ngu tri thde cua nhdng qudc gia di trUOc Cung vdi su phat tnen ciia dat nude, ddi ngu tri thdc ndi chung, cd ddi ngu GS, PGS da ed sU tangnhanh ve sd luong, tung bude nang len vesd luong Nhin mdt each tdng the, da sd duoc dao tao co ban, gan bd voi su nghiep ddi mdi, cd ddng gdp tich cue cho su nghiep phat trien khoa hoc va cdng nghe v l dao tao ngudn nhln lUc, Nhieu tri thuc tre the hien tinh nang ddng thich ung nhanh vdi kmh te thi truang va qua tnnh hdi nhap 1.2 Hgn che, kho khdn ddi vdi stf phdt trien dpi ngu gido sUvd gido sud Viet Nam Ben canh nhdng thdi cova thuan loi nhudl de cap, viec xay dUng va phat tnen ddi ngu tn thde noi chung S0139-THANG W2017 19 C Q NGHIEN COU Li LUAN trudc het la GS, PGS dang ddng trUdc nhieu khd khan thich thdc, xet tren ca hai khi'a canh khach quan va chu quan, cythe la: - Nhan thdc ve vat trd, vi tri eua ddi ngu tri thde xa hdi nhin chung ehUa dii sau sac va ngang tam vdi nhdng ddi hdi khich quan cua su nghiep xay dung v l phat trien dat nUde giai doan mdi, Tinh den thdi diem hien tai, Nha nUdc ta van ehUa ed chien luoe tdng the ve phat trien dpi ngu tri thdc Tren thyc te, qua trinh hinh thanh, phat trien ddi ngu GS, PGS cdn mang nang tinh tu phat - He thdng the che, chinh sach xly ddng, phat trien ddi ngu tri thdc cdn thieu va khdng ddng bd Chien luac phat trien kmh te xa hdi chua the hien mdt each nha't quan quan diem khoa hoe, cdng nghe va gtlo dye dIo tao lam "qudc saeh hang dlu"cung nhuchua gin vdt cle giai phap phat huy vai trd cua ddi ngu tri thdc tren cic llnh vuc ciia ddi sdng ktnh te-xa hdi He thdng gilo due dao tao cdn lac hau, chUa dii sdc dap dng nhu clu ve sd luang, chat luong ngudn nhan lUc chat luong cao cho sU nghiep cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda - Sd luong v l chat luong GS, PGS hien cdn td rd sU bat cap, chua ngang tam trUdc yeu cau phat trien ciia dat nudc Ca eau ddt ngu GS, PGS cdn nhieu bat hap li ve nganh nghe, tudi, gidi tinh Tri thdc tmh hoa va hien tai cdn it, nhieu llnh vUc chuyen gia dau nglnh thieu nghiem trong, ddi ngu ke cln hang hut He thdng giao due cdn lac hau, chua cd nhieu t i p the khoa hoc manh, cd uy tin d khu vUc va qudc te tao co hdi v l mdi trudng phat trien ngudn nhan luc trinh cao Quan diem phat trien dpi ngu giao si^ va giao sUcr Viet Nam hien Oe thuc hien myc tieu ma Nghi quyet sd 27-NQTW ve Xay dung ddi ngu tri thdc thdi ki day manh edng nghiep hda, hien dai hoa dat nUdc la den nam 2020 "xay dung ddi ngii tri thdc Idn manh, dat chit luang cao, sd luong va co clu hop li, dap dng yeu cau phat tnen dat nudc, tdng budc tien len ngang tam voi trinh dd ciia tri thdc cac nudc tien tien khu vUc va the gidi" Viec xay dung va phat tnen ddi ngu GS, PGS thdi gian tdi phai thau triet cac quan diem chung la Thd nhdt, coi dau tU eho vtee xay dung phat tnen ddi ngii GS, PGS - lUc luong lao ddng tri dc cd trinh dd hoc van cao, ddng vai trd ndng cdt sing tao va truyen ba kien thdc la dau tuchosu phat tnen ben vdng Xay dung ddi ngu tri thdc vdng manh la true tiep nang tam tri tue eiia dat nude, cua dan tdc, nang eao nang lUc lanh dao eiia Dang va chat luong hoat ddng cua he thdng chinh tri Theo dd, ddi ngu tri thdc cd trinh dd hoe van cao la luc luong di dIu bao dam sugIn ket ddng bd gida nhiem vu phat tnen kmh te xa hdi vdi phIt tnen khoa hoc kl thuat va phat tnen van hda-nen tang tinh than cua xa hdt Thdho/, Xay dung ddingu tri thUc ndi chung nhat la nhdng ngUdI cd trinh dd chuyen mdn cao la trach nhiem chung cua toan xa hdi va cua ca he thdng chinh tn Oo la U • KHOA HOC SIAO DUG nhiem vu thudng xuyen, bao quat chien lUOe phat trien ngudn nhan lde, ddi hdi phli the hien nha't quan, ddng bd dUdng ldi eua Oang, chinh saeh, phap luat ciia Nha nUdc va thUe sU trd sU quan tam ciia toan xa hdi Thtfba, mdrdng dan chii, tdn va phat huy ttl tu tudng hoat ddng nghien cdu, sang tao ciia tri thdc vi muc tieu dan giau, nUdc manh, xa hdi cdng bSng, dan chu, van minh ThtftU phat huy cao ndi lUe, dong thdi khat thac ngoai lUc, ket hap sdc manh dan tdc vdi sdc manh thdi dai dieu kien mdi Theo do, viec xay dUng v l phat tnen dpi ngu tri thdc, dd cd ddi ngu tri thdc c6 trinh dd chuyen mdn cao, mot mat phli bao d i m su phu hqp vdi thuc tten Viet Nam, mat khae phli phii hop vdi thdng le qudc te, tdng bUdc vUOn tdi tieu chuan chung cua cic nudc tien tien khu vUc va tren the gidi ThU ndm, phat tnen sd lUong di dot vdi nang cao chat lUOng, chat lUOng la muc tieu hang dau Mot so giai phap phat trien doi ngu giaosUva giao sU cua Viet Nam 3.1 Giai phdp chung a) Tiep tuc lam tdt edng tac tutudng nang cao nhan thde cua toan xa hdi ve vai trd eiia ddi ngu tri thde nhat la GS, PGS - lUc luong lao ddng khoa hoc ed trinh chuyen mdn cao sd nghiep edng nghiep hda, hien dai hda dat nudc va hdi nhap qudc te Hinh y thdc va tam li xa hdi tdn trong, tdn vinh tri thde, thUc sd coi "hien tai la nguyen qudc gia", phat huy truyen thdng "tdn su, dao" b) Can cd tmh than Nghj quyet sd 27, Nghi quyet Trung uong khda Xi de sdm xay ddng v l ban hanh chien luoc tdng the ve xay dUng va phat tnen ddi ngu tri thdc, mdt nhdng npi dung Uu tien la GS, PGS lam co sd cho viee hoach dinh ke hoach va gili phap cu the cd hieu qua viec phat trien nhanh ve sd luong, nang cao chat luong ddi ngu GS, PGS tren cle linh vUc, dap dng ddi hdi eua q u i trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda dat nudc va hdi nhap qudc te, e) Tren co sd sda ddi, hoan thien he thdng cO che, chinh sach ve xay dung va phat tnen tri thdc ndi chung, cln bd sung nhdng quy dinh ve khuyen khich phat tnen ddi ngu GS, PGS phu hop vdi dac diem dac thii lao ddng khoa hoc cung nhu vai trd khdng the thay the viec phat tnen nguon lUc x l hdi Trudc het, cln tao bude ddt phi cac co che, chinh sleh ve dung, dai ngd, tdn vinh thu hut ddi vdi GS, PGS, tren nguyen tic khong binh quan, cao bing, phii hop vdi cong hien cho khoa hoc cung nhu cho su phat tnen chung ciia cdng ddng d) Tao lap mdi truong phap li thdng thoang, dan chu, tdn va phat huy tU tU tUdng tmh tich cUc xa hdi, hoat ddng nghien edu sang tao ciia ddi ngu GS, PGS, 3.2 Gidl phdp cu the a) Sda ddi, bd sung cle quy dinh ed hen quan ve NGHIEN CDU U LUAN I viec xet cdng nhan dat tieu chuan chdc danh GS, PGS Trddc het la he thdng eae tieu chi bao dam phd hap vdi thdng le qudc te v l hudng tdi sd tuang ddng vdi cac nude tten tien khu vUe va cac quoc gia cd trinh dp phattrien tuang tu nhu Viet Nam Trong quy dmh ve tieu chi, can cd sU phan biet rd hon gida khoa hoc xa hdi va nhln van vdi khoa hoc tu nhien va cdng nghe de phu hop vdi tinh dac thu hoat ddng nghien cdu va sang tao Rieng ve trinh tuthii tyc, quy trinh cln dUoc cai each triet de theo hudng dan gian, it tang nac de tao thuan Igt cho cac dng vien va c l ddi vdi hoat ddng quan li nha nUde eiia cae ca quan ed lien quan b) Sdm xly dung de dUa vao tnen khai dng dyng cd hieu qua co sd dd lieu qudc gia ve GS, PGS tren ca sd nen tang cua cdng nghe thdng tin, tao tien de thuan loi eho cdng tic quy hoach va phat trien ddi ngu GS, PGS, gdp phan md rdng edng khai hda va qudc te hda eae ket qua va tuu nghien cUu ciJa cac nha khoa hoc tren cae llnh vue, e) Day manh cdng tac xa hdi hda hoat ddng nghien ^du khoa hoc theo hudng khuyen khich va cd giai phap hd tro de phat trien cac doanh nghiep khoa hoc edng nghe, thue day moi quan he hen ket giua cac vien nghien edu, cac co sd giao due dao tao vdi cac doanh nghiep va td ehde kinh te, tao mdl trudng thuan loi va lam cau ndi cho hoat ddng nghien cuu sang tao dot vdi ddi ngu tri thdc cd trinh dp chuyen mdn eao d) Tren co sd cac truong dai hoc diem da duac phe duyet, Nha nude cln quan tam dau tu thda dang cho viec lap v l phat trien cac trudng dai hoc nghien cdu Can coi day II gili phap tam de thuc su gin nhiem vu nghien cUu khoa hoc vao ele trUdng dai hpe, Thdng qua phan tang CO sd giao due dai hoe de cd chinh sach dau tu, giao nhiem vu va thuc hien quyen tu chii, tu chiu trach nhiem vdi vi tri, vai tro, nang lUc bao dam chat luang dao tao ciia ea sd giao dye va dao tao Ket luan Viet Nam dang cang hdi nhap qudc te manh me c l ve kinh te v l khoa hoc cdng nghe, md rdng quan he hop tic, tang cUdng viec tiep cln v l tiep thu cac thinh tuu, tien bd khoa hoc v l cdng nghe tren the gidi-Odi ngu GSva PGS la lUc lUong ndng cdt, gtd vai trd quyet dinh va dan dat viec phat trien sU nghiep dao tao va nghien cdu khoa hoc eiia Viet Nam thdi ki mdi, Trong thdi gian qua, Viet Nam da cd nhieu chinh sach phat trien ddi ngu GS va PGS, nhien hieu qua van ehua dap dng nhu cau phat tnen ciia dat nuoc thdi ki mdi TAILIEUTHAMKHAO [1], Nghi dinh Dai hoi Ddng todn qudc Idn thtf XL (2011) [2] Nghi quyit Dgi hoi Idn thtf VII Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang khoa X ve Xdy dung doi ngu tri thtfe thdi kl day manh cong nghiep hoa, hiin dai hoa ddt nude [3], Nghi quyet Hdi nghi Idn thtf VIII Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang khda XI ve Doi mdi edn bdn, todn dien gido due vd dao tao [4] Nghi quyet so 29-NQTW ngdy 04 thdng 11 ndm 2013 ve DOI mdi edn bdn todn dien gido due va ddo tgo [5], Ki yeu Hpi thdo khoa hoc ve Doi mdi to chtfc, co ehe qudn li ea ehe hoat dpng khoa hoc vd cdng nghe Ban Tuyen gido Trung uang - Bo Khoa hoc vd Cdng nghe, Hd Noi, thdng?ndm2012 [6] Pham Ngoc Dung, Dai hoc nghien ctfu, cot loi cua sdng tao Boston College hnp //vefvn/2011-03-13 [7] Trln Ngoc Them, Phdt tnen Dai hoc Quoc gia Ho Chi Minh theo mo hinh dai hoc nghien ctfu, httpV/chud edu vn/site/vn, p-4170 [8], Studieren de •?• x Study SE (1997-2014) [9], www Forschung-und Lehre de/10929 SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPING PROFESSORS AND ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS IN VIETNAM Nguyen Due Huy Office of the State Council for Professor Title of Vietnam Email: ndhuy@moet.edu.vn Abstract: The development of professors and associate professors plays an important role in the development o education, training and scientific research in Vietnam The article analyses and evaluates advantages, disadvantages a viewpoints on the development of professorsand associate professors nowadays, hence proposing solutions for developin professors and associate professors, meeting current requirements in Vietnam According to theauthor, Vienam now is the process of increasingly international integration in terms of economics, science-technology, cooperative expansion approaching international technological advances Professors and associate professors are intellectual force which pla decisive role in leading the development of education and scientiHc research in Vietnam in the new period Therefore, necessary to pay attention to and issue appropriate policies for professors and associate professors Keywords: Professors: associate professors; development, education, science SG 139-THANG4/2017 * 2.\ ... si^ va giao sUcr Viet Nam hien Oe thuc hien myc tieu ma Nghi quyet sd 27-NQTW ve Xay dung ddi ngu tri thdc thdi ki day manh edng nghiep hda, hien dai hoa dat nUdc la den nam 2020 "xay dung ddi... dan dat viec phat trien sU nghiep dao tao va nghien cdu khoa hoc eiia Viet Nam thdi ki mdi, Trong thdi gian qua, Viet Nam da cd nhieu chinh sach phat trien ddi ngu GS va PGS, nhien hieu qua van... FOR DEVELOPING PROFESSORS AND ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS IN VIETNAM Nguyen Due Huy Office of the State Council for Professor Title of Vietnam Email: ndhuy@moet.edu.vn Abstract: The development of professors