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Danh gia cac yeu to anh hifofng den lifa chon trifdng dai hoc cua hoc sinh pho thong trung hoc NGUYEN TH! QUYNH NHCT'''' LE THI NGQC" QUACH TO TRIMH Tom tit Dua vdo md hinh cua Chapman (1981) ve cdc yi''''u[.]
Danh gia cac yeu to anh hifofng den lifa chon trifdng dai hoc cua hoc sinh thong trung hoc NGUYEN TH! QUYNH NHCT' LE THI NGQC" QUACH TO TRIMH- Tom tit Dua vdo md hinh cua Chapman (1981) ve cdc yi'u tddnh hudng den quyit dtnh chon trUdng cm hoc sinit, nghien cdu tap trung phdn tich vd ddnh gid cdc yi'u tddnh hudng den sU li/a chon trUdng dgi hoc (BH) cua hoc sinh phd thdng trung hoc Ki't qud nghien ciiu cho thd'y, stf It/a chon trudng DH cua hoc sinh phd thdng trung hoc hi dnh hudng d cdc mdc khdc bdi cdc yeu td: Chi phi DH Danh tii'ng cua trudng DH Chd't lUOng ddo tao, Anh hudng ctia gia dinh Tii khoa: quyet dmh chon trudng, hoc sinh, phd thong trung hoc, phdn luong hoc sinh Infdng nghiep Summary Based on model of factors infiuenclng the student's choice of school (Chapman 1981} the study focuses on analyzing and evaluating the factors that affect college choice of high school students The result shows that their choice is influenced to a vaiying extent by factors such as Universe' cost Universitv reputation Training quality Influence of the family KevMOrds; school choice, students, high school, student streamers, career guidance GIOITHIEU Viec chon tru'dng chon nghe khdng ehi quan dd'i vdi ban than va gia dinh hoc smh, ma cdn quan ddi vdi si/ phat trien kmh le'ciia dai nifdc Trong bdi canh ly le that nghiep cang gia lang diic biel la nhifng ngu'di cd tnnh DH hoc smh chuan bi ihi DH, thi chtfa dmh hifdng ddde nghe nghiep Nghien cu'u nham gnip eac nha hoach dmh chinh sach giao due \a hu'dng nghiep cd ihem ed sd de hoan thien cong tac hu'dng nghiep nang cao hicu qua phan luong hoc smh sau trung hpc gnip cac infdng DH hieii rd nhifng ye'u to'dang lae dpng den sif chon tnfdng ciia hoc smh dc cd the tu\cn sinh toi hdn Ca S6 LY N G H I E N CU'U THUYET VA PHU'CNG PHAP Ca\ii ly thuyet Chapman \ I9SI i de xuai md hinh gdm hai nhdm >e'ii tdanh htfdng den qu\ci dinh chon tru'dng DH ciia hoc sinh Nhdm thii nha't la dac diem cua gia dinh \ a ca nhiin hoc sinh; Thif hai la nhdm eac ye'u loben ngoai anh hifdng deii qu\c'l dinli chon trifdng DH ctia hoc sinh bao gom dac diem cd' dinh cua tnrdng DH nhfing ngtfdi quan \a nd life truyen thdng ciia tru'dng DH - Dcic dicm cd dfnh cua trudng DH bao gdm: Chi phi DH Hd trd tai chinh Dia diem, ChUdng trinh hoe Hoat dpng lu'dng tac xa hpi trifdng DH - Anh hudng cua nhdng ngu'di quan Irong: Phan anh mii'c dd anh hu'dng cua nhifng ngu'di quan trpng do'i vdi hoc sinh nhif: cha me anh, chi em thay cd ban be can bp \\i van luyen sinh - Nd life Iruyen thdng ciia trifdng DH' Phan anh mdc nd life ciia trifdng DH hoat ddng thdng tin, tu' van quang \'e trifdng minh de'n hoc smh Thifc te eho iha\ nd hfc truxen ihdng cila tru'dng DH qua eac hinh ihi'fc khac cd the anh hif(ing deii qii\ci dinh chon inftiiig eiia hoc sinh Dira \ao l\' thii_\ei niii tren tac gia difa cac gi.i ihiei nghien cifu: HI Chi phi dd then hoe mdt tnfdng DH nao dd cang pliii hop \ ,ii hoc sinh \ a "ThS *"ThS " T h S Truong Dai hoc Cong nghiep Thu'c pham TP H6 Chi Email, nhuntq0705@cntp-edu \-:ii': nihin hai !2/OJ/2or \'ji.\ phar I'l n :K'0-i/20r \'jti-^ dinel diiiik- n.\/05/20 66 gia dinh, thi k h a n a n g tnfdng D H drfcfc chpn c^ng c a o H : H d trd tai chinh cua tnfdng D H cang td't, thi k h a n a n g h p c sinh c h o n infdng D H dd c a n g c a o H : Dia d i e m ciia tru'dng D H c a n g thuan ldi, thi k h a n a n g h p c sinh chpn tru'dng D H c a n g cao H4: Chtfdng trinh h p c cua tru'dng D H cang td't, thi kha n a n g h o c sinh chpn tru'dng D H dd c a n g cao H5: Hoat d p n g lu'dng tac xa hdi tru'dng D H c a n g td't, thi xu hifdng hoc sinh chpn trifdng D H dd c a n g cao H6: Sif ling hd ciia nhiJng ngu'di q u a n cua h p c sinh ddi vdi viec chon mot trifdng D H n a o dd cang Idn, thi xu hu'dng hoc sinh chpn tru'dng D H c a n g cao H7: Nd life truyen thdng ciia tru'dng DH cang td't, thi xu hifdng hpc sinh chpn trifdng D H c a n g cao Tif cac gia thiet nghien ciJu ndi tren, lac gia de xua't m d hinh nghien ciiu nhtf Hinh Phuang phdp nghien cdu D e danh gia m d hinh lifdng va md hinh nghien ctfu, nhdm tac gia tie'n h a n h nghien cuii sd bd va nghien ciiii chinh thifc N g h i e n ctiu sd bd b a n g phifdng phap dinh tinh, difdc thifc hien thdng qua ky thuat t h a o luan tay ddi vdi ddi lu'dng la sinh vien va giang vien n h a m bo sung va dieu chinh thang Nghien cu'u chinh thiic difdc thifc hien thdng qua phu'dng phap phdng van bang phie'u k h a o sat vdi mau n = 338 dd'i tifdng la tan sinh vicn DH m e n hoc 2016-2017 ciia Trifdng DH Cdng nghi6p Thtfc pham T P Ho Chi Minh Thdi gian k h a o sat ddde thtfc hien tif thang 08/2016 de'n thang 0*4/20id Ket qua ihu ve difde >iti ly bang phan m e m SPSS de xii ly so' lieu Thang c a c bie'n d d c lap diftfc dieu chinh dtfa liieo Ihang gdc eiia Washburn (2002), thang bien phu thudc difa t h e o ihang gij'e ciia T i a n Viin Quy, C a o Hao Thi (2009) Cac thang gdc sau difdc dicu ehinh iif ngrr va bd sung cho phii hdp vdi bd'i c a n h nghien cdu difdc si'f d u n g irong nghien Cliu dmh hfdng g d m T h a n g Chi phi dai hoc Hd ird Uu chinh Dia d i e m , Chu'dng Ilinh hpc Hoal ddng lifting t i e \a hdi Irong lufdng DH, Anh hifiing ctia iihiing ngirdi t|uaii Irong Nd life l r u \ c n [lidng eiia trifOing dai hoc (Hdi viel \d duni: Ciich \ici so thdp phdn theo chudn t/ud< te I HINH 1: MO HTMH NGHIEM CCfO DE XQAT BANG 1: TONG KET KET QUA CRONBACH'S ALPHA CAC THANG DO Phtftfng sai Trfrtig Cronbach's Trung binh thang thang neu quan bi€h alpha neu n^'u loai bi^n loai bi€^n loai big'n Chi phi DH Alpha = 914 CPl 3,3077 ,7831 847 CP2 3-3817 ,8181 842 Ho trif tai chinh Alphas 612 HTl 7,2308 769 465 458 HT2 7,6505 773 37c 57'' 587 HT3 7,3018 4''5 508 ChiWHe trinh hoc Alpha = 847 CLl ''8 6834 15 404 614 8''6 CL^ 29 0769 16,261 551 833 CL3 "^8,7811 16-379 589 8-^9 CL4 28 6686 15 783 662 821 CL5 667 Si-< 28.5237 16 137 CL6 78.2722 16.976 458 -842 CL7 78.5976 15 654 608 826 CL8 ''8.57h9 16,"'''I 579 830 CLIO 78,5947 17,6.36 ,358 85! N6 hfc Irti^en thono ciia Nha trifdnjAlpha-.830 NLI 31 8787 ,817 14,M49 ,490 NL2 31 985^ ''4 46(1 476 818 NL3 3">7101 -'2 896 594 806 NL4 9675 ''4 180 515 815 NL.S 3^,0858 '' 663 551 811 NLfi 3^ 065 73 889 590 808 NL7 11 9911 501 816 NL8 87 3T 63(P ,475 NLy 3^ 0799 814 ''3 718 516 NL 10 3\^574 ,496 817 Anh Mflni' ciia nhSnt' ncu'iVI nii:in frniKi Alpha - 857 OTI 18 5533 559 847 17 3^8 0T2 18 6^7'' 545 848 17 878 0T3 18.9''.31 0T4 18,8757 0T5 i 0089 0T6 18 95">7 0T7 H 9704 Ou\0l dinh chon triftfiip DH ODI 7,1095 0D2 3787 131 734 583 3^">5 r6 684 614 Bien quan sat KET QUA NGHIEN CLfU Duiihski lining biing Cionhach 'v Alpha He so C r o n b a c h ' s Alpha diMc sit dung trifiic dc- loa cac bien khoni! phii hop Cac hicn co h c ' s o InUng cpiai bien - tong (ilcm - lotal conclalioii) nhd hOn 30 se b 67 BAHG 2: MA TRAN NHAN TO SAG KHI XOAY STT 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2(1 21 22 23 24 25 26 Bien quan sat CPl CP2 HTl HT7 HT3 CLl CL7 CL3 CL4 CL5 CL6 CL7 CL8 NLI NL2 NL4 NL5 NL6 NL7 Tbanh phSn 917 931 Chi phi DH 780 717 678 Ho trtJ tai chinh 747 777 Danh tie'ng cua Iru'Sng DH 773 693 675 737 688 735 Cha't lifdng diio tao 746 833 670 No life truyen thSng hep 793 766 691 5^6 NLIO OTI 0T2 0T4 0T5 0T6 0T7 "reii'viet tit cua nhSn tfi* No life iruyen thong rong 828 843 645 8^0 836 ,792 Anh hu'dng cLiii Anh htrSng cua nhifng ngifcfi xung quanli HINH 2: MO HINH NGHIEN CtiU SAG KHI DIEU CHINH loai va Ucu chuan chon Ihang nd cd dd tin cay Alpha tif 0,60 trd len Ket qua phan tich C r o n b a c h ' s Alpha Ian cac thang do: Dia a i e m Tifdng tac xa hoi irong tru'dng DH khdng thda man dieu kicn nen bi loai bd; C a c bicn quan sal HT4 CL9 ed he sdtifcfng quan hien - tone nhd hifn 30 nen se bj loai bo Ket qua danh gia lai Cicnibach's Alpha cho Iha'v cac thang dat yeu ciiu (Bang 11 T h a n y cd he so C r o n b a c h ' s Alpha cao nhal la Chi phi 1)1 Ti 0,914) ihap nhai la ihang Hd irci lai eliinh (0,612) Cac ihant: deu cd he so IiWng quan bien idng > 30 Phdn lich nhdn tdkhdm phd '(EEA) Phiin tich EFA cho td, hie'n doc lap- Ket qua phan lieh EFA cae hien ddc Ijp Ian I eho Ihay bien CLIO ei'i irong ,sd nhan id la ! I< 0,5) nen khdng thda man 68 d i i u ld$n B e n c a n h dd, khdc bi6t h e s^ tai nhan t6 cua c a c bien C L , N L , NL8, NL9, Q T tren cac nhSn to n h o hdn 0.3, nSn khSng d a m b a o gia tri p h a n biet giffa cac nhSn td' C a c biS'n s e Ian liTdt bi loai cho d e n k h i E F A thoa m a n cac mlu di^u ki$n K e t qua p h a n tich lai E F A sau loai bd cac bi6n C L I O , N L , N L , N L , Q B c h o tha'y, cac t h a n g d a t y e u c l u Trong S n h a n to' trich d d d c cd nhan to' gifl n g u y e n la Chi phi dai h p c (CP) va Hd trd tai chinh (HT) va n h a n t o ' m d i Ian lu'dt la: D a n h tie'ng cua tru'dng dai hoc (DT), C h a t iifdng d a o tao (CL), Nd life truyen thdng h e p ( N L H ) , N d lu'c truyen thong rong ( N L R ) , A n h hu'dng cua gia dinh (GD), Anh hirdng cua nhffng ngu'di xung q u a n h ( X Q ) K e t qua cu the nhif Bang K e l qua d a n h gia lai thang do, cac n h a n to'mdi d e u c d he sd'lifdng quan bien tong Idn hdn 0.3 va dp tin cay Cronbach's Alpha Idn hdn 0.6 Vay, c a c thang deu dat yeu cau Phdn tich EEA cho bie'n phu thudc K e l quii c h o tha'y, thang Quye'l dinh C h o n tru'dng D H : H e so' K M O (KaiserMeyer-Olkin)^ d a t 0.677 {> 0,5), mii'c y nghTa cila k i e m d m h Bartlett: O.OOO (< 0.05), C a c bie'n d e u cd trpng so' nhan to (Factor loading) > 0.5, Vdi tieu chi he so e i g e n v a l u e > thi bien (1 nhan to'difa v a o ban d a u ) trich difdc n h a n to'; Tong phifdng sai trich m a n h a n to' [rich du'dc la % (nhan to' giai thich du'dc % b i e n thien cua dff lieu) Nhff vay, Q u y e t djnh chpn tru'dng DH dffdc Iffdng b a n e bien quan siil la QD1,QD2, QD3 Dieu chinh gid thuvi't vd md Idnh nghien cdu Tff phiin tich E F A , gia thuye't va mo hinh n g h i e n eifu difde dicu chinh lai nhif Hinh Kiein dinh gid thuye't vd mo hinh nghien ciiu Ddnh gid dd pin) hop ( da md hinh hoi quy tuycn linh bdr Kc'l q u a cho Ihay, R- dieu chinh bang 0.,^90 Didu cd nghia la md hinh hdi quy t u y e n tinh da difdc xay difng phu h,fp vdi tap dff Iicu den nii'i'e 399^ Kiein dmh gid thn\c'i yd y nghia ciia he sd hdi (/uy Kei quJ irong Bang LIIO t h a y cac he sd hdi quv rieny phrin (J a a P,,^, ddu difdng , > ) v a ,nu^ /'nghTa (S,g)