Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
NGHllN ctiu U LUAN XAY DUNG KHUNG TIEU CHUAN NANG LUC CHO BAC DAO TAG cur NHAN Bill THI THU HimNG Hfc f lM Qyia If Glis Hfn Email bumiBlHioii8l973e8ma{I CDm N6UY£N THU HA Htiii Bim bio ChA lifdng Blio[.]
NGHllN ctiu U LUAN XAY DUNG KHUNG TIEU CHUAN NANG LUC CHO BAC DAO TAG cur NHAN Bill THI THU HimNG - Hfc f l M Qyia If Glis Hfn Email: bumiBlHioii8l973e8ma{I.CDm N6UY£N THU HA Htiii Bim bio ChA lifdng Blio dac - Dal hpc Quic | l i m V/i Email: mon_vh@yalioo.com Tim tit Xdc dinh dung nhdng ndng lUc can thiit vd ddo tgo ngUdi hgc ed rfti ndng lUc ddp Cfng nhu cdu dng vOc duge xem Id cdn ed chlnh dicdc eosd gido due ddc biit Id cO sd gido dge dgi hoe thiit ki ehUOng trlnh dio tgo nhdm bl cho ngudi hoc nhdng ndng luc cdn thUt, giup hg cd the ddi diin vdi nhdng thif thdeh sau tn/dng cung nkl thfch dng tdt vdi nhdng thay doi tuang lai Ngodi ra, khung tiiu chudn ndng Ige eung gidp ngUdi hge hlnh dung lA han nhdng ndng luc ho cdn phdi cd qud trinh hgc vd cd dinh hUdng tdt han viie rin luyin nhiing ndng l(/cc6n thiitndy.Trineasdnintdngeuanhdngnghiinoiutrinthegidi.nhdmtdegiddixudt9tiiuehudnndnglgechungvd36 tiiu chudn ndng lUc cu the cdn thiit eho bdc ddo tgo cd nhdn Khung tiiu chudn ndy md td miie chudn cOa titng ndng hx ngUiJi hge cdn dat duge den thdi diem tdt nghiip dgi hgc Tdkhda: Xdy dgng; khung tiiu chudn ndng luc; bdc cCtnhdn (Nhifn bdi ngdy 12/12/2016; Nhdn kit qud phdn biin vd chlnh sda ngdy 02/01/2017; Duyit ddng ngdy 25/02/201 /; I.DItvfndl Mdt nhdng dinh hudng cua edng cudc ddi mdi ein bin, toin difin giio dyc dd l i d n t i p trung ddi mdi nhdng vin dfi Idn, cdt Idi, mang tinh d p thilt ddi hdi cic giii phip phii ddng bd thi; xic dinh dupc trpng t i m , dupc td chdc thyc hi§n mdt Id trinh thdng nhit Chuyin giio dyc d i o tao td chd ylu theo sd lupng sang chu trpng v l chit lupng hifiu qui, dd die bifit luu y d i n vific ehuyin mgnh tif gido dye chu trgng trang bi kiin thdc sang phdt triin todn diin ndng lUc phdm chdt nguiJi hge d i m bio tinh tfch cyc, chu ddng cua ngudi hoc O l thuc hifin dupe nhdng ndi dung trfin, d n cd cic giii phip mang tinh hinh ddng cy t h i , dd cd giii phip tilp tyc ddi mOi manh mfi, ddng bd d c y l u td co bin cua giio dyc v i dio tao theo hudng eoi phdt tnin phdm chdt ndng luc eua ngudi hgc; ddi mdi edn bdn hlnh thUc vd phuang phdp thi kiem tra/ddnh gid; Olnh g i i kit q u i hpc t i p cua ngudi hpc dUpc xic djnh l i mdt nhurig cdng cy de the hifin dupc nhdng cam kit cua nhi trudng v i gilng vifin v l chuin dlu thilt k l chuong trinh dio tao v i ludng duoc kit q u i dao tao eung nhu chit iuong cua sin phim d l u die bifit niy (sin phim giio dyc) Mat khic, thue hifin ho^t ddng dinh g i i sfi cd dupc nhdng chl sd phin i n h hifin trang vi ehit luong d i o tao Trong q u i trinh chuyin ddi dio tao td trang bj kiln thUc sang phit triln ning lyc tdng t h i cua ngudi hpe, d n phii cd nhijfrig tifiu chuin, tifiu chi rit ey t h i d l llm d n eU thuc hien hoat ddng dinh gii, d l td dd cung d p duoc nhdng chi so ning iyc ngudi hpc d i dat dupc qui trinh dao tao, KHOA HQC GlAo DVC dilu dd d i t cho cac n h i q u i n If giio due d n xiy d ^ dupc nhdng tifiu chuan ning lUc sinh viln d n d^tvi ning luc dUpe phit triln q u i trinh d i o t^o (Khung tiiu chudn) Khung tifiu chuin niy dUpc xiy dyng theo dinh hudmg v l p h i t triln ning lyc eua sinh vifin q u i trinh d^y hpc d^l hpc: Ndng lgc chung/then ehdt (General/Key Competences); Li nhdng nang lUc ca bin, thilt ylu hojc cdt ldi, lim n i n t i n g cho ngudi mpi Tnh vyc - Wdng luc chuyin biit (Specialized Compentences): Li nhdng ning luc rifing dupe hlnh thinh v i phittrifo trfin CO sd cic ning lyc chung theo djnh hudng ehuySn sau Ngoii ra, khung tifiu ehuin ning iyc cung giup ngudi hpc hinh dung tdt hon nhdng ning lyc hp dn phii ed q u i trinh hpc v i cd dinh hudng tfit h«i vific rfin luyfin nhdng ning lyc d n thilt niy Nhi Giio due hpc Nicolas (2008) v i l t ring: "Khdng cd m$I khung tifiu ehuin tdng t h i nghTa i l chdng ta dang lang phi thdi gian v i dao tao chi tao nfin nhifng ngudi hpc c6 kiln thde hdi hpt" X&y dung khung tifiu chu Jn n i n g lUc cho l^c cijrnhin Cie nhi nghifin cdu v l giio dyc cua cic td ch* nhu Td chdc hop tie va phit triln kinh tlOECD, Hi|phOI Chiu Au (European Commission), Odi tie cho ning li^ t h i kl XXI (P21), Hdi ddng Nghifin cdu Qudc gia Hoa Ifl (the U.S National Research Council) d i ed nhung nghUn edu quan trpng xic dinh d c ning lye d n t h i l t cho th* kl XXI Kit q u i cua cic nghifin edu niy cung nhU nhilu cudc khio sit ngudi hpc sau trudng v l yfiu ciu NGHlgNCOUULUANL^ ning luc cdng viec v i d c ddi hdi cua nha tuyen dyng lao ddng ve d c nar>g luc d n cd cua sinh vien tdt nghifip cho thiy cd tuong ddng ding k l v l cAc nang luc d n thiet Cliing han, ngoii kiln thdc ehuyfin mdn, cie ning luc nhu phin bifin, phan tich, giii quyet van d l , ning lUc lanh dao, giao liep, l i m viee nhdm va cdng nghd thdng tin d l u cd khung tieu chu^n ning lue cda d c td chdc Hifip hdi d c nude Odng Nam A cung d i nghifin cdu v i xay dUng khung trinh dp nghi nghifip, theo dd xdc dinh ring ngoai kiln thde ehuyfin mdn v l m i t li thuylt v i thue hinh d mdt finh vUc cy the, ngudi hoc sau tdt nghifip d n cd nang lUc phin bifin v i phin tfch, phii ed sing kiln vific i p dyng cdng nhu ning luc thich dng vdi nhdng biln ddi nhanh cua mdi trudng Ngoii ra, tu chiln lupe v l sU ehd ddng vific ddi difin vdi nhdng thieh thde cung dugc dinh g i i l i quan trpng Td nhdng tham khio tren, eung vdi ket q u i nghifin cdu hoat ddng danh gia tai mdt sd trudng dai hpc v i khio sit nhdng nang lUc ngUdi hpc mudn hudng tdi q u i trinh dao tao (dUpc thuc hifin khudn khd nghien cdu eua d l t l i d p Bd), chung tdi d l xuat tieu chuan ning lUc chung (ning luc then chdt) v i 36 tifiu chuan nang luc cy the (ning lue ehuyen bifit) d n thiet cho bac cd nhln, theo dd d c nang luc theo khung chuin bao gdm (1) ning lUc phan tich, (2) nang lue phin bifin, (3) ning lue gili quylt van d l , (4) ning lue hop tie - l i m viec nhdm, (5) ning lue linh dao, (6) nang luc thi'ch nghi va linh hoat, (7) ning iyt giao t i l p , (8) nang lUc chu ddng va tU dinh hudng, (9) nang luc edng nghfi thdng tin Khung tieu chuin md t i mde chuan cua tdng ning Jc ngUdi hpc d n dat duoc d i n thdi d i l m tdt nghiep dai hpc (Bing 1) Bdng I: Khung tiiu chudn ndng lueeho bdc ednhdn STT Tifiu diuIn ning lUc chung TUu chu j n ning lUc dli t i l t Phuong thdc dinh g i i Nang lUc 1.1 Thi hifin ning phin tich vin d l - Ap dyng da dang d c Tifiu chuin phin tich theo logic su tuong quan vdi d c van phuang piiap dinh gii, d l khic va/hoac danh gii v i phin tieh van bao gdm d bii thi chuin d l dudi nhieu gde dd hda, dinh gii tren idp 1.2 Thi hifin ning phin tkh nhim xic (thuylt trinh, bii t i p (flnh trinh tuthyc hifin cdng vific theo thU nhdm, kilm tra li thuyfit-) thuc hifin d dlu ki, gida ki tUquan trpng J Thi hifin ning piiln tfch d l cd t h i vicudikj quylt dinh phdc tap v i bio vfi sU lua - Xiy dung hd so hoe t i p chpn d c quylt (flnh dd (portfolio) eua sinh vifin 1.4 Thi hifin ning phin tfch v l tdng v l ap dung dinh gia thyc hpp nhdng thdng tin d l giii quylt vin de (authentic assessment) v i dUa cac gili phip Cich diutc phit triln ning lUc Thuc hifin thdng qua thuylt trinh, phin tich sd lieu, xiy dyng dy in, lim bli t i p hoic viet luin Tifiu NSng lue 2.1 -Thi hifin ning hilu d c mdt lifin hfi chuin2 phin bifin hpp II giCra eic y tudr>g v i dat cie ciu hdi d n thilt mdt d c h rd ring v i chinh xic 22 Thi hifin ning xic djnh su lien quan v i tim quan trpng cua thdr>g tin va cic lap lu^n 2.3 Thi hifin ning xie dinh, thu thip v l dinh gii thdng tin lifin quan, sd dung thdng tin di gili thich v l hilu vin d l mdt cich thiu dao, td cd the dua d c k i t luan v i giii phip hpp li v l hifiu qui 2.4 Thi hifin ning phit hifin miu thuin va sai llm phd biln lip luin d l gill quylt van d l mdt cich he thdng - Ap dung da d^ng cic Thyc hifin thdng qua phuang phip danh thuylt trinh, llm bli gii, bao gdm d bai thi tap hoic vilt luan chuin hda, dinh gii trfin Idp (thuyet trinh, t>li t i p nhdm, kiem tra If thuylt-) thyc hifin d dlu ki, gida ki v i eudi ki - Xiy dung hd so hoc t i p (portfolio) cua sinh vifin v i i p dyng dinh gii thuc (authentic assessment) Ning lyc 3.1 Thi hifin nang xac dinh dung vin Tifiu chuin3 giii quylt d l d n phii gili quylt; d l xuat, dinh gti, phin tich v l lya chpn cac gtai phap cho vin vindl d l d n giii quylt 3.2 Thi hifin nang l^p Id hoach, sip xip v^ td chUc thue hifin cdng vific ' Ap dyng da dang eic phucmg phip dinh gii, bao gdm d bai thi chuan hda, dinh gii frfin idp (thuylt trinh, bii tap nhdm, kilm tra li Thuc hifin thdng qua thuylt trinh, phin tich sd lieu, xiy dUng du i n , lam bii t i p hoic vilt luin ajm-THAlK20117 QwHieNCDUlJUlM Tifiu chuin4 Ning luc hpp tac - NanglUc lim viec nhdm 33.Thl hifin ning thfch Cmg nhanh ddi i/di bdi d n h dudoin hau qui ed t h i xiy vk nJt kinh nghiem td nhdng sai lam 3.4 Thi hifin kha nang thu thap, xd li kit ndi If giii v i phan tich thdng tin d l ouvit dinh hoac giai quyet van de thuylt ) thuc hifin d d l u kl, gida kl v i eudi ki - Xiy dung hd so hoc t i p (portfolio) cua sinh vifin v i I p dung danh g i i thyc (authentic assessment) 4.1 Thi hifin kha nang hlnh nhdm, tri hoat ddng nhdm, phat triln nhdm va ki nang lim viec vdi cac nhdm khic 4.2 Thi hifin ning dUa va tilp thu nhurng phfi binh mang tinh xay dUng, ding tin ciy qua cae nhiem vy nhdm; ddng thdi chia se thdng tin va cic y tudng hdu ich vdi d c thinh vifin khac d l llm kilm gilt phip cho vin de 43 Thi hifin ning hd trp hoic khuyin khich cae vifin khic cua nhdm hoin thinh nhifim vu 4.4 The hien ning nhin thdc dupc sy d n thilt phii xiy dUng sU hop tic v l quan hfi ddi tic d l tdi da hda ning hoin thinh tdt nhifim vu - Xiy dyng hd so hpe t i p (portfolio) cua sinh vifin v i i p dyng dinh g i i thUe (authentic assessment), dinh gii qua quan sat ho|c qua cic ho^t ddng nhdm Ning lyc 5.1 Thi hifin ning dit muc tifiu, tao - Xiy dung hd so hpe t i p Ttfiu (portfolio) cua sinh vifin chuin linh d^o ddng liJe cho nguiri khac s i Thi hifin ning dilu khiln, phin v l i p dyng dinh g i i thuc cdng v i dinh gii ho^t d^ng nhdm v i t i p (authentic assessment), thi, phit triln v l tri quan hfi vdri d c dinh gii qua quan sit hoic qua d c hoat ddng ddi t i c 53 Thi hifin ning dim phin, thuylt nhdm phyc v i din d l l ngudi khic 5.4.Thl hifin ning luc chu d^ng hinh ddng; ludn sin sing thfch Ung vdi mpi thay ddi Thi hifin ning \^)z lanh d^o cic hoat ddng nh6m Tim cich t h i hifin vai trd lanh d^o linh vyc (thdng qua cic hifip hdi/tidMk qudc gia/khu v i ^ hoic d d c td chifc khic - Xiy dyng hd sO hoc t?p (portfolio) cua sinh vifin v i i p dung dinh g i i thyc (authentic assessment), dinh g i i qua quan sit hoic qua cie ho^it ddng nhdm Tham gia llm vl^ nhdm cic d|f i n hoic thuylt trinh Tham gia cic hojt ddng cua d d n tharti nifin, hdi sinh vifin Tham gia eic tighlSn cdu Ttfiu Ning luc 7.1 Thi hifin ning sip xip ytudng v l - Xiy dyng hd so hpc t i p ehuin giao tilp difin dat rd ring, khue chifit cic y tUdng (portfolio) cua sinh vifin thdng qua ndi ho^c vifit v i Ip dyng dinh gii thyc 7.2 Thi hifin ning Ilng nghe v l trao (authentic assessment), dot thfing tin mdt eich ttch cue dinh gii qua quan sit 7J.Thl hifin ning giao tifip bing mit, hoic qua cic hoat ddng bing cic cU chi, dieu bd mfit cich hifiu qui nhdm assessment) 7.4.Thl hifin ning tu tin giao tiep nhdng tinh hudng bat ngd, khdng bilt trudc Tham gia llm vi^ nhdm cic &f i n hole thuylt tri nil Tham gia cic ho?t ddng cua doin nifin, hdisitA vifin Tham gia cic nghKn cdu Tifiu Ning lyc chuin thfch nghi v i tfnh linh hoat 32 (HUHpCOAOIIVC 6.1 Thi hifin ning thfch nghi vdi cie vai trd, nhifim vu, l|ch trinh v l cdng vific khic 6.2 Thi hifin ning sin sing chip nh|n thdthich mdi 6.3 Thi hifin ning ddi phd tfch eye vdi Idi khen ngpi, nhijfng trd ngai v i nhdng Idi chi trich 6.4 Thi hifin ning hilu, thuong lucmg v i cin bing d c quan dilm khic d l dat dupc cic giii phip thi, die bifit li mdi t r u ^ g da vin hda Tham gia lim vifc nhdm dc if i n hole thuylt tiiidv Tham gia eie hofi ddng eua dobi nifin, h^ sinh vifin Tham gia dc nghifin cdu NSHItNCaUULUANyj Tieu Ning luc chuin6 chu ddng vltudinh hui^ 6.1 The hifin nirtg thiet lip cic muc - Xiy dung hd SO hpc t i p Tham gia lim vific tifiu lien quan d i n hpc tip, ed k l hoach d l (portfolio) ciia sinh vien nhdm cic dy va ap dyng dinh gii thyc I n hoic thuyet trinh dat dupc n h C ^ muc tifiu 6e 62 The hien ning tu quin li thdi gian (authentic assessment), Tham gia eie hoat v i cdng sde, ddng thdi ed t h i tu dinh gia danh gia qua quan sit ddng cua doin hoac qua d c hoat ddng nifin, hdi sinh chat luong hpc t i p cua bin thin vifin 63 The hifin nang tU giim sit nhdng nhdm assessment) Tham gia cic nghien hilu biet v i nhu d u hpe hdi eua bin thin eUu 6.4 The hifin Idii ning xic djnh, Uu tifin va hoin tfiinh cac nhiem vu m i khdng ed sU giim sit true dip Tifiu chuin9 9.1.Thi hien ning sddung cong nghfi d l tilp d n thdng tin nndt d c h hifiu qui Thi hifin ning sd dyng cdng nghfi thdr>g tin nghifin cdu va hpc tip Thi hifin nang hilu v i van dyng kien thUe ve cic van d l phip li trortg vific tiep ein va sd dyng thdr>g tin Thi hifin ning tU tim hHu va ning cao kiln thdc v l cdng nghfi thdng tin mg luc hpp t i c - lam vific nhdm sfi the h i ^ tdt n l u ngUtN hpc cd ning giao t i l p t d t Tuong ti/, khdng cd t h i linh dao tdt n l u khdng cd ning lyc hc^ tic - l i m vific nhdm, ning luc giao tilp, hay ning luc chu ddng, tu dinh hudng„ Odng tfidi, d n I p dung nhilu phuong phip dinh g i i d l cd t h i dinh g i i dupe nhdng ning luc trfin Vf du b l i thi vilt cd t h i dinh g i i d c ning lyc phan tfch phin bifin, gili quylt v i n di nhtmg khdng t h i dinh g i i ning lue lanh dao, ning luc l i m vific nhdm Tuang tu, d c b i i thuylt trinh ed t h i dinh g i i r\ing lyc giao tilp, ning luc phin tich, ning luc cdng nghe thdr>g tin nhuhg khd d l dinh g i i ning luc chu ddng v l tudinh ' Ap dung da dang eac phucfng phip dinh gii, bao gdm d bii thi chuin hda, dinh gia trfin ldp (thuylt trinh, bli t i p nhdm, kilm tra li thuyit-.) thuc hifin d diu ki, gida ki v l cudi ki - Xiy dung hd so hpc t i p (portfoiio) cua sinh vifin v i i p dyng dinh gii thUe (authentic assessment) Tham gia llm vific nhdm d c dy i n hoac thuylt trinh Tham gia d e hoat ddng cua doin nifin, hdi sinh vifin Tham gia d c nghifin cdu hudng hay nlr\g luc thfch nghi vi linh hoat nhdng ning tue dupe dinh g i i thdng qua quan s i t TAt Ll£U THAM K H A O [1] Bowden - J & Marton, F, (1998), The university of leaming: Beyond quality and competence in higher education London: Kogan Page [2], UNESCO, (2011), 0-Competer)cy frameworit for teacfiers, Paris [3] Barton E P., (2009), National education standards Getting beneath the surface, ETS Princeton, NJ www.ets.org/research/pic [4] Bofja • R.IL, (2006), Woric Skills of Graduates Seen Laeldng, Education Week, 26,9.10 [5] Baron - J., (2000), Thinking and Deciding, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press DEVELOPING FRAMEWORK OF COMPETENCE STANDARD FOR TRAINING BACHELOR DEGREE Bui Thi Thu Huong - National Academy of Education Management Email: buithuhuong 1973&gmail.eom Nguyen Thu Ha - VNU Institute for Education Quality Assurance Emaih mon_vh@yahoo.com Abstract: To identify correctly the necessary competencies and train qualified leamers to meet job needs were regarded as main base for the educarional institutions, especially higher education ones to develop programs so as to equip leamers with rhe necessary competencies, enable them to face ctwllenges after graduation and adapt to change in the future In addition, framework of competence standard also helps leamers visualize appropriate competencies in ttie leaming process and orient in fostering these competencies From the international research on this issue, authors proposed common competency standards and36 specific competence standards required for tiachelor's level education This homework clarifies standard level of each competency to tie achieved by students at graduation time Keywords: Development: framework of competence standard; bachelor level S