Ngo Thi Mmh Thu Tap chi KHO A HOC & COXG NGHE ii i07 n 13 17 T D ^ ^ NGHIEM VOI HE THONG THI, KIEM Tit V TRONG QL A TRINH D AV HQC NGO \I NGt" Ngo Thj Minh Thu ! nga DH Ouoc , ,a iia \o, TOM T AT c?lh[.]
Ngo Thi Mmh Thu Tap chi KHO.A HOC & COXG NGHE ii:i07 n 13-17 T D ^ ^ NGHIEM VOI HE THONG THI, KIEM Tit-V TRONG QL A TRINH D.AV-HQC NGO.\I NGt" Ngo Thj Minh Thu ! nga - DH Ouoc ,:,a iia \o, TOM T.AT c?lh?,'"f'° " '" ^"""^ "*- ' ' ' " • = "^"^ * « " ' " *»^ '^' "0 irans qui Irinh dax ^ hoc \ h d p t'h™"iTa"="°;'" * ? - " " ' ' ' ' • " " ' " " - ^ ' ' " ' " " ã " ' ã " ô " ằ - ^ » » * e d l : nho CO hi IT khoa ,™, ng,„„, =• 1^ ""= """P ' ™ ' " •'" ™» ^ " * " ">° ph" hop ' " noTOl hoc Cun< caa irinl, da,-h„c pinrongphdp dd,-hoc hem ,ra U,ach q,ian D.AT \-.-\\ DE Ngil na> a nuoc ta bai thi kiem tra CO nhihlg cSu hoi hoc bua doi hoi nguoi hoc phai su> luan dS lim ciu tra lot trin co so nhirng tien thiic da hoc hoac phai ijng dung the nao cac in thuc da linh h6i de giai qu\el m6l van ii nio thuc \i thi ddl ngii ii thi lap lire phai d6i diu vol n h i k l i n ii nan giai \a can phai quan tnet lai ngu\en tic •'Hoc gi thi n a \ " \ g u a i hoc thi tu rut cho mmh loi khu\en tbiet Ihuc -Thi gi hoc nil ' Thuc le na> da chirng minh kha nana dmh hucrng cua thi kiem tra qua trmh da\ hoc \ i dung ca jhuong phap Ihi kidm tra c6 the kich thich dan duang moi su c6 gins, sang tao cua ca lha\ \a tro hucmg \ao giai qu>et nhimg nhtem l u chlnh chiit cua nam hoc cung nhu cua ca qui trinh hoc Cac nha khoa hoc giio due tim K gijo hoc phap hoan loan khong qua kh6 khan dimg thi kiim ira di huOTg tim tri luc cua lhi> tro l i o muc dich chmh cua qua Irinh da.\ - hoc \ in d i cip bach duoc dat o d i ; la cin phai CO dot moi thi kiem tra song hanh loi -Doi mci toan dien giao due" ma Bo Giio due \ a Dao tao dang tiin hanh Co thi not noi dung Ihl l a kiim tra cua chung ta hiin nai chua CO l i n de gi qui Icm chi cin dinh huong nhiiu hem vio thuc hinh la duac \"in de dieu chinh dinh huong ihi kiem tra kh6ng qua kho khan, c i thuc hiin nhiim lu nil chi cin mot luc luong kh6ng qua Icm Cai khd khan Ion nhat hien na> la lim thi nao d i dam bao bing duac Iinh khach quan danh gii bai thi Do cung duac coi li muc tiiu quan mi hi thong giao due quoc dan dang hudng tdi Nam hoc 2015 - 2016 tnrdc nhirng doi hoi birc bach cua xa hoi vi su mmh bach dinh gia l i dinh huang thuc hinh not dung Ihl cu Iruang DHQG Ha Ndi l i m'dt sd tnrong dai hoc khac da diing phuang phip trie nghiem l d i su hd tra cua cdnj nghi thdng tin chit luong cao di thuc hien^hrsal hach dau l i o mdt sd mdn trudc ki thi lot nghiip THPT Trong nhirng nam gin dai phuang phap thi trie nghiem n i l cune da duac ling dung mot i i i bii tip nhd'cua cac bai thi Tui nhiin mdt bit thi hoan loan Iheo phuong phip trac nghiim cd su hd tro khoa hoc cua cdng nghi thdng Im chll luang cao a til ca cac phong thi cua mdt hdi dimg lhi Idn nhu DHQG Ha Ndi da thuc hien tM chua cd tiin li Du luin nganh va toin \ a hdi vi phuang phip thi n i l la tdt Budc dau lie danh gia bai thi da thoii khoi duac y thuc chu quan cd rit khdng cdng bang eua ngua, cham ihi Chimg ta cin phai cd them nhihlg cdng trinh nghiin cihi siu han l i 13 N^oThi Mmh Thu Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE van de nav va nhtrng hgi thao xiJng tam de dua nhirng kit luan khoa hgc ve phuong phap Irac nghiem thi kiem Ira cac mon hoc o lat ca cac bac hoc CHUC NANG CUA BAI THI TR.AC NGHIEM Tnroc hit chiing ta cung nhin lai qua trinh ung dyng phuong phap trac nghiem thi, kiem tra u nuac Nga va mgt so nuac chau An, nhiing ntroc co nhieu anh huong tich circ den nen giao due nuac ta Giai doan hien tai Nga nhirng cuoc cai each kmh te, xa hoi da dat nhtrng doi hoi moi doi vai noi dung, chat luang dao tao can bo chuyen nganh Bo chuan quoc gia cho danh gia thi kiem tra Irong dav nghe da duoc phe chuan Mot so phu-ang phap hinh thuc lhi, kiem tra iheo kieu iruyen thong lac hau bi nghiem khac phe phan bai chung dap ung chua thoa dang cac lieu chi ve so va chat iuang tri thiic ciing nliir kv nang duoc ien luyen can phai kiem ira, danh gui cua nguoi hoc Nguai hgc cung duang nhu Ihieu nhirng k\ nang c^n thiet de irng dung tn thirc da hoc vao thuc Ie mot each CO hicu qua Trong cac tai lieu nghien cuu tam ly, giao due va giao hoc phap tren the gioi deu len tieng doi hoi phai quan tnet cac nguven tac chuyen biet irng dung lr§c nghiem irong thi, kiem Ira Cac cong trinh nghien ciiu khoa hoc su pham da chi ro tr^c nghiem co '-hue nang Iuong ho huu co phan doan dav' hoc va giao due Cinh ndng pluin dodir Bai lap tr^c nghiem l.i luai bai lap dua moi cau hoi mot nhan \cl, iioiiL mot ket luan sau dira m6t loat du kicn mot ioai cau tra loi Va nhiem vu ciia nguai hoL phai ImVl nhanh nam thong tin r6i phan doan chon dap an ddng, Ch^t luang bai lam hoan loan phu thuoc vho lAm hicu biet rc-ng nam van d^ nhanh chinh xac kv nang phan doan Ioi cua ihi smh Trong bai tap ngoai ngu ihi cac van dc duona nhicn deu phu ihu6c vao k> ,^ao, kv nana nam tilng va innh d6 hieu bill thuc u^n nha ngon ngCr da ren luvcn cua nguoi hoc Co the noi voi uu Ihc dam hao imh khach quan va chinh xac 152(07/!)- 13-1/ danh gia, vai kha nang ki^m tra tin hieu biet rong va phan ung nhanh ciia ngum hgc thi phu'ong phap trSc nghiem to vugi troi so vdi tat ca cac Ioai hinh thi, kiem tra truyen thong Chuc ndng day - hoc: Dii la phuang phap lu luan hay phuong phap trac nghiem thi thi va kiem tra van ia mot to quan ciia qua trinh day - hoc No kich thich ngiroi hoc nam vung bai hgc Thirc te cho ta thSy, hk ky ngu'di hpc nao cung sg thi, kiem tra, Tuy nhien bat cii' qua trinh hgc nao khong co thi, kiem tra, deu tuc thi tra nen nham chan, Ngudi hoc se thieu hao himg, mat di dgng luc hoc Dong luc hgc tu nhien tieu bien Gid hoc COI nhu gid hgp ldp Va the !a sinh nhu cau duac thi, kiem tra qua trinh hoc tap, De dap ung nhu cau nay, giao vien co the ap dung hinh thirc cho them bai tap trac nghiem, Hoc smh CO the tu lam va tir cham cho mot each nhanh chong, chinh xac iheo chi dar ciia giao vien Chiic ndng gido due: Thong qua noi dung cac bai tap va dac biet each tu cham bin chn nhau, phucmg phap trac nghiem dong thdi ho trg giao due ngudi hoc, hinh cho ho nhu'ng pham chat, nhan each tot dep, vi dii nhu tinh tu' lap trung thuc thoi quen lam vi?c nghiem tiic, y chi vuon len, ,, Ba chiic nang tren cimg ton tai va ho tro lan nhau, bo sung cho nhau, lam phuang phap trac nghiem, xet td mgl goc rieng, xirng dang la mot bg phan hop thanh, khong the thieu cua qua trinh day hoc UIJ DIEM VA NHU'OC DIEM CUA PHUONG PHAP TRAC NGHIEM So sanh phuang phap trSc nghiem vdi cac phuang phap thi kiem tra truyen thdng chiing ta de dang nhan mat manh, mat y6u ciia Irac nghiem Trong khuon kh6 bfru han cua bai viet chiing toi xin liet ke mol s6 nel ca ban thuoc hai mat cua mot vin d^ Nhiing iru diem ciia phuong phap t r k nghiem, Trac nghiem la loai hinh thi, ki^m tra c6 phuong phap danh gia dam bao tinh khach N'gd Thi Mmh TTiu Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG N'GHE quan hau nhu tui it ddi nhd co chuin hda cac tieu chi danh gia si lirgng l i chit luang bai lam cua hoc stnh - Trac nghiim li phuang phip thi kiim ira cd tmh minh bach, cdng bing \ d dat tit ca hoc smh l i o cung moi diiu kien nhu c i qua Irinh lhi cting nhu p-ong danh gii ket qua bil lam Vi nhu l i i danh eii - no cang ddng thdl loai bo dugc i chi chil quan cua ngirai cham bai \ g u d i la da thdng ke dieu tra a i uong qudc Anh nhd cd thi trie nghiem ma sd lugng ngudi lam don phiic ua kit qua bit thi glim di ba lin - Trie nghiim Ii hinh Ihirc thi m i dd ngudi lhi phai chon tir nhiiu can tra Idrcho sin lil mdi ciu dung Va nhu l a i ndi dung lhi cd Ihi bao quit dugc nhiiu l i n d i cua chuang trinh hoc I bat mdt chugng thim chi toin khda Bii thi trie nghiem khdng danh cho ngugi hgc tu Phuang''phap Irac nghiem kich thich hoc trd tirng buoc tu lap dai Id hong kien thuc - Trong td chiic qui trinh dai - hoc chiing ta t h i l bit trie nghiim duoc col la mdt cdng cu chuin muc giup giao i lin hoan ninem lu chim bai dam bao tinh chinh xic khach quan thdng qua thang diim nhiiu bic hon so 101 thang diim cham cac bai lhi Irui in thdng - TicI kicm Di td chuc mdt lin ihi cho cac ldp ciing igi sd lugng hgc smh nhu lhi Idp Ihl dung bai trac nghiim cin mgt luong thdl gian it hgn dang k i so igi ldp thi diing bai thi truiin thdng Chim bil thi trie nghiini uia nhanh lira chinh \ac khach quan i r a cd the lu ddng hoa nhd thlit bi m i l tmh Trie nghiim thi cu duoc coi li mdt cong cu mem khdng ga\ hoi hdp ciing thing cho thi »inh Tit c i thi smh t"hi trie nghiem diu bmh dang ciing chung moi diiu kien lhi cung chung dip an \ i ihang diim \ J 11 l i l cac thi smh binh tinh ihoai mai lirng tin lim bai thi PhuiTtig phap Irac nghiim tuv cd nhiiu uu diim song qua trmh ian hanh cOng bdc Id nhirng nhirac diim- i2(07 j) - Bai thi d-ac nghiem dii ngi dung bao quit nhiiu i a n de khd soan l i ddi chit Iugng chua dugc nhu mong mudn - Bat thi trac nghiim cdi ciu triic riing biet tui diu 11 nhung hgc sinh chi cin tri liri dut khoat -co"" hoic ""khdng"" "dung" hoac "sai"", \ a \ hoc sinh cd the d i ding quai cdp bii cita ban ngdi bin Mat khic bai thi kiiu dd khdng cd khoing trdng d i hoc sinh tu trinh b i l duac khdi tri thiic sang tao mang tinh li luin iriru luang a trinh cao cua minh Bil thi trac nghiem cd him luong tn thitc, ngi dung, c h i diim rdng l i phai phai hoin ihinh mdt khung thgt gian him han Thi smh khdng du thd-i gian lim hiiu nhirng vin d i trim tugng liim in Irong d i Tinh khach quan v i cdng minh ciia trie nghiem ddi hdi phai tuyit ddl giu bi mat d i thi Khi dilng lai d i Ihi khdng dugc tin dung vo thirc phai co thai ddi thoa dang "Cat dilng tinh cd"" Trong hat thi trie nghiim da cho sin mdt loat dap in di tra lot cho mdt cau hoi Thi smh chi cin chon mdt cac ciu Iri lgi ma minh cho la dung Trong thuc te cd nhiiu trudng hop thi sinh hdin toin khdng biit dap in nio la diing vi cu chon "dai di"" mdt dip in bit k l Va cii chon "tmh eg" dd mai lai la ciu Ira ldi dung Trong ihuc li ""cii dung tinh ca" chl la rit hin hiru Tui nhiin Irong truang hap niy su dinh gii bat thi da bi ""cai dung iinh cd"" lim chg phin nio dd khdng bao loin linh chinh xic Diim cua bii ihi khdng phan anh duoc hoan loin dung nang luc cd thuc cua thi smh Nhung khiim khuiit hiin tai cua nin giio due nuoc ta dang g i i nhirng khd khin thuc su td Ian cho lie td chirc qua trinh dai hoc Chu truong cai cich toan dlin nin giio due cua Dang l a Nhi nudc budc nhirng nhi khoa hoc giao due phai bat lai lao cdng cudc ddl mdi ndi dung, phuang phip dai ho^ thi cu Tit ca phai dip ting nhanh chdng nhirn ddi boi da din miic cip bich cua vi hdi ddl i d , nen giio due Du cdn cd nhirng khd khan nhung nha khoa hoc chin chinh nhirng Ihii 15 Niio Ihl Minh Thu Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE CO Jiao veu nghe khdng dtroc chan chir them nira pliai bat lav ngav \ a o cac buac ung dung irac nghiem Irong thi ctr Cong nghe thong lin dang ngav cang phat inen va dugc irng dung rdng rai nhieu ITnh vuc Trong qua trinh dav - hgc nav V dl su hd tro dac biet hdu dung cua may tinh, V lec danh gia tuyet ddi khach quan ket qua bin thi Irac nghiem hoan toan co the de dang Iu ddng hoa De thi trac nghiem soan Ihao cong phu cung cap nhieu Ihdng tin phong phu No cho phep \ac dinh hoc lyc cua ngudi hoc mat manh, mal veu ddng thdl ca nhung lo hong ki^n ihirc cua ho Tren ca sd na> giao v ien cd thg Iu dmh huong hoat dgng su pham, nang cao khd nang quan lv qua trinh dav - hoc cua minh O cac nuoc chau Au qua trinh dav - hoc ngudi ta su dung thi irac nghiem 6i khu bicl nang luc, so trudng cua hoc smb nham muc dich lua chon nhung hoc smh vao cac lop chuven Cung co the diing Ihi tr.ic nghiem dmh ky de xae dmh hoc lire tirng lop limg khoi de kip ihdi ba sung kiSn ihirc, lap djy cac 16 hong cho hoc sinh qua irinh nam vung mdn hoc Phai thua nhiin ring v5n dc ihi trac nghiem la mdt Irong nhrmi; vAn de CO V nghia cue kv quan dO hien Ihuc boa nhung din IH>I cua quv chuan qudc gia Irong cai each giao due hdm nav ^cii b.ii lhi, kiC-ni ira duoc coi hi mill tki bao su pham Ihl nioi du bao luim luan ihu muc dich lam ro danh gui ph.in IiJi va hiCu chinh k|iia innh ho i.ip nham ming cao kC-l qua hoc i.ip ^11^ hoc sinh Nl, phni lam ro duoc kk qua hoai klOng hoc I.ip cua hoc smb donn Ihdi doi chiini chinh xac kel qua ki6m tra d6 vdi nhung vi'u can ma chuang Irinh da dai K^[ qua d,inh gia In ihirc k> nang qua lhi irSc nyhiem phai pban anh m6t each trung Ihuc kc: qua hoat dong hoc tap cua ngiroi hoc Lai Ihem moi lan nua chung ta nhan manh chirc nang >u pham co ban cua ihi, kicm ira la lao he va hoc '-inh nho i i chimg la thav 152(07il) 13-17 duac nhiing khiem khuv'et ciia qua trinh hoc lap, nhu-ng Id hdng kien thdc muc dp n^m vCmg mdn hoc ciia hoc sinh, Nhd co duoc nhung thdng tin ngtrgc chieu qua ki^m ira ma giao vien co the kip thdi hieu chinh duac noi dung bai day, phucmg phap truyen thu nang cao hieu suat ciia qua trinh da\ - hoc Can cir vao chu the thuc hien thi, ki^m tra theo phuong phap trac nghiem, ngudi ta chia ki^m tra lam ba loai: Giao vien kiem tta hgc smh (Ngoai ki^m Ira), Hgc smh kiem tra lan (Ngi ki^m Ira) Hoc sinh tu kiem tra chinh minh (Ty than kiem tra) Ba loai hinh kiem tra tren c^n dugc ap dung sang lao qua trinh hoc tap Hoc sinh gid hgc vdn chi tiep nhan Ihdng tin mol chieu nang ne, cang thang theo truyen Ih6ng, vdi tu each ngirdi ITnh hdi thdng tin, nho CO nhiing loai hinh kiem tra phong phii, chiing duac nhap cac vai khac nhau, la thay, la trd, lam eac nhiem vu khac thi, kiem tra Qua trinh hoc tap v6n nang ne don dieu, met mdi, bdng trd nen sinh dong, hao hdng Khdi tn thdc ma hpc trd ITnh hgi khong nam i cap, ma chiing bat dka cya minh, img dung vao thuc tiln Kat qua hgc tiip eung nhd the ma dugc nang cao nhu mong dpi, KET LUAN Neu lhi va ki^m tra, nhu da khang djnh Iren, c6 kha nang dmh hu'dng ngi dung day - hgc, thi phuang phap trie nghiem Ihi, kiem Ira day - hoc ngoai ngfr hien a Vi$t Nam CO the dirac coi la mol trg thii d5c l p giiip thay, ed giao gop phSn minh vao vi^i hoan nhiem vu cai each toan dien nil, giao dye Vi?t Nam ma Bp Giao dye va Q^ lao dang tien hanh, Va img dyng phiB phap thi trac nghiem vao cac loai hinh hpc d Viet Nam cSn phai ckp bach tri^n khai^i quy md rgng ldn, timg buoc 14m qu(^,J kmh nghiem, hoan thien ca ve nOi duftgl' nhu hinh thirc, lam phong phd them ff buc tranh thi, ki£m tra g i ^ dw cuoc cai each giao dye toan < dich cudi ciing Ngo Thi Mmh Thu Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE TAI LIEU TH.AM KHAO Nguyen Phung Hoang Vo Hoang Lan Phuong phap irac nghiem kiim tra va danh gia qua hoc tap Nxb Giao due 1999 Ap>TK)HOB A P KocTHHa HC K'oMW-HHk-aTifBHaH vieTojHKa pvccKoro sBtiKa K-aK HHOCTpaHHOrO H HHOCTpauHBlX a^ElKOB (KoHcnek-TtKieKUjiri) M PTP^HT 1992, - 147 c J Ba-ihrKima T M OCHOBLI Teopim TCCTOB H npaKTitKa TecTirpoeaHua fa acnesTe pvccKoro 152(07 ]) aBfciKa KaK HHocrpaHHoro) M PVCCKUII aibiK, 2009 - 240 c TlemicoB Jl.V CHMVIIH B H 06 irrorosoM KOKipone ODV-HeUHOCTII UHOCrpaUHBlM SBblKaM HnocTpaHRLie aitiKii B mKo.ie - 1995 - Yi= KHpedueaa A, H •\36v sa TecTiqioBaHua riparnniecKoe P>-KOBOJCTBO aia npenojaBarejieH PKH e n s , 3.naT0\CT 2014 .Tasapesa O A Uiko.na TecTopa .THHTBojiuaKTiniecKoe TecriipoBaHue TPKH TORFL M PyccKHfi Ji3tiK KvpCBi, 2013, SUMMARY MCQ IN TESTING SYSTEM IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGES Ngo Thi Minh Thu" College of Foreign Languages - \~SL' k a Z r f h ' " ! " " ' " " " ' " f "l'"">l''P ằãô'' =ằ'l> o * " m Ihe process of teachme and adjuslmg Ihe conienl and methodologj ,o sml ihe learners Moreover leanrers have hi.her rjbee^ir',' excilemen and enlhusiasm ,„ pracl.ce Wnh ,he aforementioned reasons, lesnng and a,m of MCQs arc nol differem Ifom Ihe regnlar ones Houever, the MCQs are mnre obieet.ve academic, modem consistent m marking oojective, Ke., «ords; MCQ ihepr„ces!of,eaLh,ngandlearn,ng ,eaeh,„g melhods lemng \gi„ nhdn ha, :S OJ :016 \got phan b,in OS 2016 \ g „ d,e e, ddng nan b,e„ khoa /,„,•; rs Li HT.ng Thang - Khoa ^-g„„, ngi - OHT\TC OVvj^vv^v Email minhihuT:,) a,al,oo com i^6WI6 objeane ... thuc hien thi, ki^m tra theo phuong phap trac nghiem, ngudi ta chia ki^m tra lam ba loai: Giao vien kiem tta hgc smh (Ngoai ki^m Ira), Hgc smh kiem tra lan (Ngi ki^m Ira) Hoc sinh tu kiem tra chinh... khong co thi, kiem tra, deu tuc thi tra nen nham chan, Ngudi hoc se thieu hao himg, mat di dgng luc hoc Dong luc hgc tu nhien tieu bien Gid hoc COI nhu gid hgp ldp Va the !a sinh nhu cau duac thi,. .. phuong phap trac nghiem thi thi va kiem tra van ia mot to quan ciia qua trinh day - hoc No kich thich ngiroi hoc nam vung bai hgc Thirc te cho ta thSy, hk ky ngu''di hpc nao cung sg thi, kiem tra, Tuy