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NATIONAL ACADEMY OF EDUCATION MANAGEMENT Journal of Education Management, 2017 Vol 9, No 11, pp 9 16 This paper is available online at http //jem naem edu vn NGHIEN CtV » E XUAT HOAN THIEN M C T SO NO[.]
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF EDUCATION MANAGEMENT Journal of Education Management, 2017 Vol 9, No 11, pp 9-16 This paper is available online at http://jem.naem.edu.vn NGHIEN CtV » E XUAT HOAN THIEN M C T SO NOI DUNG CHINH SACK D I V I H O C SINH PHO T H N G D A N T O G T H I E U S O VIING D A N T O G THIEU s TRONG BOI CANH HIEN NAY Dinh Thi PhUdng Lan^ Tdm tat Hoc sinh dan toe thilu sd noi chung va d vung dSn toe thieu s6 noi rieng luon nhan dUdc su quan tSm ciia Dang va Nha nude ta th6ng qua viSc ban hanh va thtfc hien cac cMnh sach hd trd Da CO nhilu kit qua dat dutfc, song vln nhieu thach thiic doi vdi thuc hi§n cac chinh sach nky thirc tien Noi dung bai vilt tap trung vao viec xac djnh vi tri, vai tro cua chinh siich ddi vdi hoc sinh phd thfing dSn tdc thilu s6 viing dan t6c thilu s6; hS thong cac chinh sich da ban hanh va kit qua thuc hien cac chmh sach nky giai doan viia qua; dong thdi, tr6n cd sd phan tfch, danh gia cac chinh sach nay, bai vilt dUa cac giai phap ho^n thien mdt s6 ndi dung chinh sach dii vdi hoc sinh phd th6ng dan l^c thieu s6 viing dan toe thieu s6 b6i canh hi?n 7& khoa: Chi'nh sdch, ddn igc thi/u s6, hoc sinh, vung ddn tpc thi/u sS Md dau Cac chi'nh sach phat triln gido due va dao tao ddi vdi hoc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd vung ddn tdc thilu sd khdng chl trUc tilp ho trd cac em ma cdn gian tilp hd trd phat triln mang ludi trUdng Idp trang thilt bj day hoc phat triln ddi ngu nhd giao va can bd quan ly gido due Chinh sdch ddi vdi hoc sinh phd thdng dan tdc thilu sd viing ddn tdc thilu sd mdt hieu qua, tflng budc gidi quylt cdc vln dl phdt sinh, gdp phin nang cao chit lUdng giao due ddi vdi cdc em bdi cdnh hien Tuy nhien, ben canh nhflng kit qua dat dUdc, giao due ddi vdi hoc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd vln gap nhilu khd khan nhU: Chit lupng gido due cdc d p hoc, bdc hoc dilp, phd cap giao due tieu hoc - chdng mu chfl, phd cap giao due Thing hoc cd sd chua bin vflng; ty le hpc sinh bd hoc d bdc trung hpc cdn cao; cdng tac hUdng nghiep, thuc hien phdn ludng hpc sinh sau trung hpc chua dat hieu qua; ty le phdng hpc kien cd d nhilu dja phUdng cdn thIp; nhilu trudog hpc cdn thilu nhd hi^u bd, phdng hpc bd mdn, thilt bi d9.y hpc; sd trudng chu& qudc gia dat tj 11 thIp; cdng tdc xa hdi hda chua tdt Ddng thdi, he thdng chinh sdch chua ddng bd, hieu qua chua cao; mdt s6 chinh sach chua phi^ hdp vdi dilu kiln thue tl cua dia pbUdng, vung miln; chinh sach hd trd trUc tilp hoc sinh phi thdng ddn tdc thilu sd chi chu ylu hln quan din vln dl hpc bdng, ban tru,cfltuyln, [4,11] Ngjy nhan bSi: 07/09/2017 Ng^y nhan dSng: J3/I0/20i7 'H8i d5ng Dtn tfic cua Qu6c h^i; e-mail: dinhthiphuonglan@gmail.com, Dinh Th! PhUdng Lan JEM Vol (2017), No 11 Tren cd sd phdn tich mdt sd kit qud va Uiach th& cua chinb sach ddi vdi hpc sinh phd tiidng ddn tdc thilu sd bdi cdnh hien nay, bdi vilt dl xult mdt sd giai phap hoan thidn chinh sach nham dam bdo cho hoc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc tiiilu sd tilp cdn binb dang giao due Mot so khai niem ed ban Chinh sdch Kbdi niem "Chinh sach" dUdc xac djnh ddng nghia vdi chinb sach cdng,tiieodo: "Chinh sach cdng la mdt qua trinb Id mdt chudi cac quylt djnh boat ddng ciia nha nUdc nham giai quylt van dl dang dat ddi sdng kinh tl - xa hdi theo muc tieu xac dinh" [12] Chinh sdch dii vdi hgc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thieit s6 Chinh sach doi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd Id mdt qua trinh, mdt chudi cdc quylt dinh boat ddng ciia nha nude nham thuc hien muc tieu giup hoc sinh phd thSng ddn tdc thilu so phat triln todn dien vl dao dflc, tri tue thi chat, tiiam my va cac ky ndng cd ban, phat ttiln nang luc ca nhan, tinh nang ddng va sang tao hinh nhdn each ngUdi Vidt Nam xa hdi chii ngMa, xay dUng trach nhiem cdng ddn; chu& bi cho hpc sinh tilp tuc hpc len hoac di vao cudc sdng lao ddng, tham gia xdy dung va bao ve T5 qudc [12] Theo Ludt Giao due 2005, sfla ddi nam 2009, chinh sdch ddi vdi hoc sinh phd tiidng ddn tdc thilu sd bao gdm it nhIt 03 td: i) Cip hpc bdng chinh sdch cho Trudng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi tni; ii) Cd chinh sachtt>3cap vd miln, giam hpc phi cho ngUdi hpc la ngudi ddn tdc thilu sd d vflng cd dilu kiSn kinh tl - xa hdi dac biSt khd khan; iii) Cd chinh sdch tao ngudn tuyin sinh uen cd sd tao dilu kien thuan Idi dl hoc sinh cdc dan tpc thieu sd vao hpc Trudng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi tni va tang thdi gian hoc dubi Dai hoc [13] La mot bd phdn khdng the tach rdi cua chinh sacb chinh sach ddi vdi gido diie phd thdng vung dan tpc thilu sd vdi hai nhdm chinh sach la: (i) Nhdm ehinh sach hd trd true tilp ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd viing ddn tdc thilu sd; (ii) Nhdm chinh sach ho trd gian tilp ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd vung ddn tdc thilu sd nhu thii lao lao ddng, chinh sdch ddi vdi can • bd quan ly, giao viSn, nhdn vien gido due phd thdng vung ddn tdc thilu sd; chinb sach hd trd dIu tu xay diAig cd sd gido due phd thdng vung dan tdc thilu sd Trong pham vi nghien cflu nay, bdi vilt tdp tiung dl cap din chinh sach hd trd U^c tilp ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd vung ddn tdc thilu sd Theo dd, chinh sach bd ti^ tiUc tilp ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng dan tdc thilu sd vung ddn tdc thilu sd la cac quy dinh cu thi bao gdm: hoc phi, hpc bdng, chl dd thudng trang d p hiln vat tiln tau xe, hd tid hpc p h ^ , sdch giao khoa, chi cho tit nguyln dan, dSn tdc, chi boat ddng van thi chi bao ve sflc khoe, chi tiiyln sinh va thi tdt nghiep, chi tiln diln, nude phuc vu viSc hpc tdp va sinh boat cbi nha an tdp the, nham giup hpc sinh phd thdng dan tdc thilu sd viing dSn tdc thilu sd cd dilu kien tiiudn Idi, blnb dang tilp can gido due 3, Cac ehitih sach da ban hanh va thach thu:e ciia chinh sach doi vdi hoc sinh thong dan tdc thieu sd boi canh hien 3.1 Cdc chinh sdch dd ban hanh vd mot so kit qua dcd dU0c Tren cd sd quan trilt triln khai thUc hien Nghi quylt Dai hdi Dang todn qudc lln thd XI, Thdng bao Kit ludn sd 242-KL/TW ciia Bp Chinh Ui vl vide tilp tuctiiUchiln Nghi quylt Thmg NGHlfiN Cl?U JEM., Vol (2017), No 11 Udng (khda VIII) nhin msinh: *T)dm bdo cdng bang xd hdi frong giao dye Nhd nude t§p trung diu tu cho cac vung khd khan, viing cd ddng ddng bao dan tdc thilu sd, tflng bUdc giam sU chenh leeh vl phat triln giao due gifla cac viing, miln ThUc hien tdt chinb sdch cfl tuyIn, dao taio theo dja chl vdi viec bd tiic nang cao trinh dp cho ddi tuong cfl tuyen Quan tdm dao tsio can bd vflng dan tdc (can bd Dang, chinh quyen, doan the d cd sd) Tilp tuc phat triln he thdng trudng ndi tni, ban tni thue hi^n tdt cac chinb sach Uutien,hd trd cho hpc sinh ddn tdc thieu sd" [3] Nghj quyet 29-NQ/rW vl ddi mdi can ban, toan dien giao due va ddo tao da dUdc Hdi nghi Tmng Udng (khda XI) xac djnh: "Uu tien dau tU phat triln gido due va dao tao ddi vdi cac vung dac biet khd khan, viing ddn tdc thilu sd, biSn gidi, bdi dao, vung sfiu vflng xa va cac ddi tUdng chinh sach ThUc hien dan chu hda, xa hpi hda gido due va ddo tao", "Ngan sdch nha nude cbi hd trd cac ddi tUdng cbinh sdch, ddng bao ddn tdc thilu sd vd khuyin khich tdi ndng Tien tdi binh dang vl quyln dUdc nhdn hd trp ciia Nha nude ddi vdi ngUdi hoc d trUdng cdng lap vd trUdng ngoai rang Idp Tilp tuc hoan tbidn chinb sdch bd trd ddi vdi cac ddi tUdng chinh sach, ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd va cd chl tin dung cho hpc sinh, sinh vien cd hoan cdnh khd khan dUde vay dl hpc" [t ] PhUdng hudng, nhidm vu phat ttiln kinh tl - xa hdi ndm 2016-2020 ciia Ban chap hanh Trung Udng khda Xll xic dinh: "Ngdn sacb nha nude bao dam cho gido due phd cdp; tilp tuc kien cd hda trudng, Idp hpc cdng Idp, Quan tdm phat triln gido due, day nghi ddng bdo dan tdc thilu sd va cac vung khd khan Hoan thi^n ehinh sdch tin di^g Uu dai cho hpc sinh, sinh vien cd hoan canh khd khan Khuyin khich hinh thdnh cdc quy hpc bdng giiip hpc sinh, sinh vien ngheo vupt khd, hpc gidi Cd ed chl dac thu di tuyIn ebon va dung nhdn tdi" [2], Cu thi hda cdc chu trUdng cua Ddng, tai khodn 3, Dilu 61, Hiln phdp nam 2013 neu rd: "Nhd nudc Uu tien phat trien giao due d mien nui, hdi ddo, viing ddng bao ddn tdc thilu sd va vung cd dilu kien kinh tl - xa hdi dac biet khd khan" Ludt sd 44/20O9/QH12 25/11/2009 quy djnh: "Nhd nUdc cd chinh sach ttti d p vd miln, giam hpc pbi cho ngUdi hpc la ddi tUdng dUdc hUdng chinh sdch xd hdi, ngUdi ddn tdc thilu sd d viing cd dilu kien kinh t l - x a hdi dac biet khd khan" va "Nha nudc danh Uu tien hang dIu cho viec bd tti ngdn sacb giao due, thi hien dUdc chinh sacb uu tien cua Nha nude ddi vdi giao due phd cdp phat triln giao due d vung ddn tdc thilu sd vd vung cd dilu kien kinh tl - xa hdi dac biet khd khan" [13] Ludt cung quy djnh cu tbI vl md rdng quy md, phat triln mang lUdl trUdng Idp chuyen biet: Dilu 61: "Nhd nUdctiianhIdp Trudng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi tiii, Trudng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ban tni, trUdng dU bj dai hpc cho em ddn tdc thilu sd em cac gia dinh ddn tdc djnh cU Idu dai' tai viing cd dilu kidn kinh t l - x a hoi dac biet khd khan nham gdp phIn taio ngudn dao tao cdn bd cho vflng nay"; "TrUdng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi tni, TrUdng Phd thdng Ddn tdc bdn tru, trUdng du bi dai hpc dUdc Uu tiln bd tri giao vien, cd sd vat chit thilt bj vangdn sdch" [13] Qudc hdi khda XIV tilp tuc khang djnh cac chinh sach quan tdm din hpc sinh ddn tdc thilu sd cdc quylt nghi tai Nghi quylt sd 33/2016/QH14 vl chit vln va ti& Idi chat van tai 1^ hpp thii qudc hdi khda XIV; "Nghien cflu ban hanh chinb sach bd trd dao tao, thu hut nhdn tai gidi quylt viec lam tai dja phUdng cho sinh vidn tdt nghiep loai kha, gidi la ngUdi ddn tdc thilu sd, phat t r i ^ ngudn nhdn luc chit lUdng cao cho cdc dan tdc thilu sd" [14] Nghj quylt sd 26/2016/QH14 vl kl hoach dIu tu cdng trung ban bdi cdnh 2016-2020 xdc djnh: 'TJU tien vdn dau tU tfl ngudn ngan sdch nhd nude cho cac vung miln nui bien gidi, hai dao, vung 11 Dinh Thj Phuong Lan JEM., Vol (2017) No 11 ddng bao ddn tdc thilu sd, vung sdu, vung xa, vung thudng xuyen bi thien tai, bdo lu va cdc vung cd dilu ki6n kinh tl - xa bdi dac biet khd khan, "Sau bd tri du vdn cho cdc dU an tt^n,'xem xet bd tri vdn cho cac diT dn mdi, thUc su elp bach thudc nganh y tl, giao thdng, thiiy Idi; chUdng tiinh kien cd hda trudng Idp hoc mim non, tllu hoc cho vung ddng bao ddn tdc thilu sd, vung sdu, vflng xa" [15] Nham cu thi hda chinh sdch, quy djnh phap ludt Chinh phu da ky Quylt djnh 711/QD-TTg ngdy 13/6/2012 quylt dinh phe duyet chiln lUdc phdt ttiln giao due 2011 - 2020, tao dilu kien cho viec thuc biSn cd bi€u qua chinh sach phat ttiln giao due va ddo tao theo dd "Dam bao t^ le chi cho giao diic hong tdng ngan sach nha nUdc tfl 20% trd ISn, phu hpp vdi dilu kien kinh tl-xa hdi va qudn 1^ sfl dung cd hieu qua Ngdn sach nhd nUdc dau tU cho gido diic dUOc tap ttung Uu tien cho giao due phd cap; giao due d nhflng viing dac biet khd kbdn, ddn tdc thilu sd vd cdc ddi tUdng chinh sach xd hdi; gido due nang khilu va tai nang" [7] Bdi cdnh 2010-2015, Bp Giao due vd Dao t£io da chii tri phdi hdp vdi ede Bd, ngdnh tham muu cho Chmh phii ban hanh cdc van bdn quy p h ^ phdp ludt vl phat triln giao due vd ddo tao vung dan tdc tiiilu sd: 04 Nghi djnh ciia Chinh phu, 08 Quylt dinh cua Thii tUdng Chinh phii, 08 Thdng tu, Quylt dinh va ChUOngttinh,Dl an cua Bd trUdng Bd Giao due vd Dao tao Nganh Giao due va Dao taio da td chflc thuc hidn cd kit qud sau ndm tbUc hien Quylt djnh sd 20/2008/QD-TTg 01/02/2008 cfla Thii tudng Chinh phu phe duyet dl an kien cd hda trudng Idp hoc va nha cdng vu gido vien bdi canh 2008-2012; thue hi6n ChUdng trinh Muc tieu Qudc gia giao due va dao tao, thuc hien dl an phat tiiln he thdng Trudng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi ttiibdi cdnh 2011-2015 theo dl an 1640; ThUc hien cdc di^ an sfl dung ngudn hd trd phat ttiln chinh thflc ODA, vdi du an gdm du dn phat ttiln giao due Trung hpc cd sd bdi canh 2, DU an phat ttiln giao due Thmg hpc phd thdng bdi canh tSip trung dIu tu cd sd vdt chit (khoang 60%) nham xay mdi, ndng d p , sfla ehfla trudng, Idp hpc va mua sam dd dung, trang thilt bj day hpc cho cac ttildng Trung hpc cd sd va Trung hpc Phd didng [4] Boi canh 2010-2017, nhilu van ban quy djnh cac chinh sdch cu thi ddi vdi hgc sinh phd thdng ddn tpc thilu sd viing dan tdc thilu sd Hpc sinh hpc tai cdc Trudng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi tru trUe thudc Bd Giao due vd Dao tao, tinh, huyen dUdc hudng hpc bdng chinh sach bang 80% mflc lUdng tli thilu cfla Nha nude va dupe hudng 12 thang ttong nam Hpc sinh nlu hpc t^p vd rfen luy^n tit dat kit qua tfl kha trd len (d nam hoc trUdc dd) dUdc Nha trUdng thudng mot lan/nam nhU sau: 400,000 ddng nlu dat khd; 600,000 ddng nlu dstt gidi; 800,000 ddng nlu dait xult sac Trang c ^ hiSn vat: Hpc sinh nhdp trUdng dupc Nha tiudng ttang d p bang hien vdt lln mdt sd dd dung cd nhdn nhu sau: Chan bdng ca nhdn; Man ca nhdn; Ao bdng; Chilu cd nhan; Nilon di mUa; Quin, ao dai tay (ddng phuc); Tiln tau xe: Hpc sinh dUdc d p tiln tau xe theo gid ve thdng thudng cua phuong tien v|in tai cdng cdng, mdi nam mdt lln (ca lUdt di va lUdt vl) dl tiiam gia dinh vdo djp tit hoac dip nghi he [5] Quylt dinh sd 2123/QD-Trg cua Thfl Wdng Chinh phii phS duyet dl an Phat trien Giao due ddi vdi ddn tdc rlt it ngudi miln hpc phi cho hpc sinh phd thdng dan tdc rlt it ngUdi, hd trd hpc tdp ddi vdi tri em, hpc sinh, sinh viSn ddn tdc rlt it ngUdi tflng ddi tUdng, dupc hUdng chinh sdch hd tid vl hpc tdp hang tiiang tfl 30% den 100% mflc lUdng tdi tiiilu chung [6] Cac quy dinh dUde tilp tuc hoantiiiSntai Nghj dinh 57/20I7/ND-CP 09 thang 05 nam 2017 quy djnh chinb sach Uu tien tuyIn sinh vd hd ttd hpc tap ddi vdi hpc sinh ddn tdc thilu sd rlt it ngUdi md 12 NGHltNCCU JEM Vol 9(2017),No 11 rdng ddi tUdng dp dung hpc sinh, sinh vien tiiudc 16 dan tdc cd sd ddn dUdi 10,000 ngudi: Cdng, Mdng, Pu Peo, Si U Cd Lao, Bd Y, La Ha, Ngdi, Chflt O Du, Bi^u Rd Mdm, Ld Ld, Ltf Pa Then, La Hu Hpc sinh dan tdc thieu sd rlt it ngudi hpc t^ cac trUdng Tilu hpc, trudng Trung hpc cd sd tnrdng Trung hpc phd thdng dUdc hudng mflc hd trp hpc tdp bang 40% mflc lUdng cd sd/bpc sinh/thang Hpc sinh ddn tpc tiiilu sd rat it ngUdi hpc tai cac TrUdng Phd tiidng DSn tdc Ban tni hoac la hpc sinh ban ttii hpc t^ trUdng phd thdng cdng lap cd hpc sinh ban tru dUdc hUdng mflc ho trd hpc tap bang 60% mflc lUdng cd sd/hpc sinh/thdng Hpc sinh ddn tdc thilu sd rat it ngudi hpc tai cdc Trudng Phd tiidng Ddn tdc ndittnidUpc hudng mflc hd trp hpc tdp bang 100% mflc lUdng cd sd/hpc smh/thdng [9] Nghj djnh 116/2016/ND- CP 18tfiang07 nam 2016 quy dinh cbinh sdch hd ttd ho tt^ hpc sinh va trudng phd thdng d xa, tbdn dac biet khd khan quy djnh mflc hd tr^ tiln dn, tiln nha d va gao vdi mflc hd trd; Moi hpc sinh dUdc hd ttd mditiidngbang 40% mflc lUdng cd sd va dUdc hudng khdng qua thang/nam hpc/hpc sinh Doi vdi hpc sinh phdi ti; tuc chd d nha trudng khdng thi bo tti d ban tru tt^dng, mdi thang dUdc hd ttd bang 10% mflc lUdng cd sd va dUdc hudng khdng qua thang/nam hpcAoc sinh; Moi hpc sinh dUdc hd trp mdi thdng 15 kg gao vd dUdc hudng khdng qua thang/nam hpc/hpc sinh [8], 3.2 Thdch thdc Ben canh mdt sd kit qud dat dUdc cua viec thue hien cdc chinh sdch ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng dan tdc thilu sd vung dan tdc thilu sd nhU dUdc phan tich tren ddy, nhilu chinh sach dUdc ban hanh cdn tdn man, ngudn lUc ddm \>ko, hiSu qud chua cao, chUa thuc su hd trp hpc sinh khdng dUdc hpc tai cdc trUdng phd thdng vung dan tdc thilu sd cd dieu kien thudn Idi, btnh dang tilp cdn giao due Theo thdng ke cua Bd Giao due va Dao tao din nam 2016, tit ca gia £nh ddn tdc thilu sd dIu cd em theo hpc tai Trudng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi ttu, chilm 6,1% tdng s6 hpc sinh trln ca nUdc Mac du cd n h ^ g bUdc phdt triln nhimg so vdi nhu d u thUe tiln, hi thdng Thfdng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi ttu phat trien chUa ddng dIu, chUa dapflngnhu cau gido due, dao tao ngudn cdn bd vd ngudn nhdn li^c ed r-hix lUdng phuc vii cdng cudc phat triln kinh t l - x a hdi vung ddn tdc thilu sd Cac quy djnh cu thi khdng phu hdp vdi yeu d u thUc tien, chUa tsio dilu kien thu^n Ipi cho hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd hpc t^ cac Trudng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi tni Nam hpc 2010-2011, loan qudc chl cd 127 Trudng Phd tiidng Ddn tdc bdn ttii vdi 13,200 hpc sinh bdn tni thudc tinh tiii din nam hpc 2015-2016, da cd 979 Uiidng vdi 146,000 hpc sinh ban ttu tten 28 tinh/thanh phd Ddi vdi cdc trudng phd thdng ed hpc sinh bdn tid ehi dUdc quan tdm phat triln sau dl an hinh Theo do, tfl nam hpc 2011-2012 din nam hpc 2015-2016 da cd 119,000 hpc sinh ban tni tai 1,982 trUdng cua 30tinh/didnhphd liiy nhien, da phIn cac TrUdng Phd thdng Ddn tdc bdn ttu chuyen ddi tfl trfldng tilu hoc, IVung hpc cd sd, Phd thdng Cd sd cdng lap nen cac cd sd vat chat tiiilt ylu chUa dUdc ttang bj du; ehi cd khoang 67% (98,400/1460,000) hpc sinh dupe d ndi ttu tai trfldng; 60% hoc sinh dUdc an tap ttung tai nhd dn; thilu nhd cdng vi^ cho giao vien; mflc chi phi 460,000 ddng/thang la qua thIp; ktnh phi hd ttp dUpc d p vl tdi cac trudng thudng rlt cham; nhilu dja phUdng chUa cd bi€n chl cho nhdn viln d p dUdng, giao vidn edn thilu kinh nghiem vl phong tuc, tap quan cua hpc sinh ddn tdc thilu sd vung, [4] Dinh Thj PhUdng Lan JEM., Vol (2017) No 11 D I xu&t hoan thien mot sd noi dung chinh sach doi vdi hoc sinh jpb.6 thong dan tdc thieu so vung dan tpc tiiilu sd bdi canh hien 4.1 Hodtt thien noi dung chinh sdch doi vdi hgc sinh phS thdng ddn tdc thieu so vung ddn tdc thieit so hgc d trUdng ph^ thdng vdng ddn tdc diieu so TSng ngudn luc dau tU cho viec phat ttiln giao due phd thdng vung ddn tdc thilu s6 Trong do, uu tiSn diui tU dl kien cd hda trUdng, Idp hpc va nha cdng vu cho giao vien Doi mdi va tang cudng cd chl giam sat viec tbUc hi€n chl dp, cbinh sach phat ttiln gido due phd thdng vung ddn tpc thilu sd bdi canh hien Tilp tuc hoan thien chinb sach ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc 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PhdthdngDan tdc ndi ttd bdi cdnh 2011-2015" Tilp tuc hoan thidn he tiidng chinh sach ddi vdi hpc sinh phd didng dan tdc thieu sd hpc d Trudng Phd thdng DSn tdc ndi tni Dac biet d n ndng mflc hpc bdng da dupe gifl mdt thdi gian ddi, ddng thdi ndng mflc hd trd nham tang cUdng hd trd hpc sinh phi thong Ddn toe ndi ttii cd dilu kien thudn Idi hdn hpc t|p, sinh ho^t phat triln toan dien, gifl gin vd phat huy bdn sac van hda dan tdc Cd chi'nh sach khuyen khich hpc sinh phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi tni hpc tdt phat triln toan dien, hda nhdp vao mdi trudng gido due, mdi trUdng xd hdi todn dien thdng qua ren luyen cac ky nang cho hpc sinh Phat triln hd thdng trUdng Phd thdng Ndi tni trudng giao due chit lUdng cao cho hpc sinh phd thdng dan tdc thilu sd Giao due dai tra va giao due cd ban ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd nen dl cho he thdng trudng phd thdng vd trudng Bdn ttu dam nhiem, theo dp nghien cflu sfla ddi quy djnh cfla Thdng tu sd: 01/2016/TT-BGDDT 15 Uiang 01 nam 2016 Ban hdnh quy chl td chde va boat ddng ciia TrUdng Phd tiidng DSn tdc ndi ttu quy djnh: 'TrUdng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi ttu dU0c Nha nude Idp cho em dan tdc tiiilu sd, em gia dinh cac dan tdc djnh cU Idu dai tai vung cd dilu kiSn kinh tl - xa hdi dac biet khd khan nham gdp phIn tao ngudn dao t^o can bd va ngudn nhdn luc ed chat lUdng cho vung nay" Thue tl, nlu cbi tuyIn ngudn hpc sinh dan tdc thilu sd tfl viing cd dilu kien kinh tl - xa hdi dac biet khd khan se khd cd dilu kidn ndng cao chat lupng dIu vao cho cac TrUdng Phd thdng Dan tdc ndi ttu, muc tilu ndng cao chit lUdog gido due phd thdng ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng dan tdc thilu sd bj ddn trai NGHIEN CUU JEM., Vol (2017) No 11 4.3 Hoan thiin noi dung chinh sdch doi vdi hgc sinh thdng dan tdc thiiu s6 hgc d Trudng Pho thdng Dan tdc ban tru, d bdn trd Phe duyet ^h an Cung cd va phdt ttien cdc TrUdng Phd thdng Ddn tdc Ban tni va cdc trUdng phd thdng cd hpc sinh ban tni bdi cdnh 2016-2025 Tilp tuc hoan thien chinb sach ddi vdi hoc sinh phd thong dan tdc ban ttu theo dd cdn nhac nang cao mflc hd ttp tiln an, dilu chinh cac dilu kidn xet duyet ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc ban ttu nhflng ndi khdng xSy dung dupe trudng ban ttd d n md rdng ddi tUdng thu hudng chinh sach tUdng dUdng vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc ban txii Chinb viec md rong ddi tUdng thu hudng cbinh s^ch phfl hdp se lam khac phuc ktiilm khuylt ciia md hinb giao due ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng dan tdc thieu sd vung dan tdc thilu sd, giao due phd thdng vung ddn tdc thilu sd bdi cdnh hien Ket luan Trong dilu kien ngudn luc ddi vdi giao due phd thdng vflng ddn tdc thilu sd cdn h ^ chl, nlu dUdc can ddi phfl hdp vdi dilu kien thuc tien, tinh hinh kinh t l - x a hdi, dac thu tflng vung miln, tflng d p hpc, se tao dilu kifn thuan Idi cho phat ttiln giao due phd thdng vung ddn tdc thilu sd va cd hdi cho hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd viing ddn tdc thilu sd tilp can binh dang giao due De tilp tuc ndng cao chat lUdng gido due phd thdng ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng dan tdc thilu sd viing ddo tdc thilu sd d n tilp tuc hoan thien chinh sdch ddi vdi hpc sinh phd thdng ddn tpc thilu sd hpc tai trudng phd thdng vung dan tdc thieu sd, hetiidngTrUdng Phd thdng Ddn tdc ndi tni he thdng trudng Ban tru theo hudng nang cao chit lupng giao due cd ban va tao dilu kien cho hoc sinh phd thdng ddn tdc thilu sd cd thanhtt'cbttonghpc tap tilp c$n thudn Idi giao due chat lUdng cao T A I L I E U THAM KHAO [I] Ban chap hdnh Trung Udng (2013), Nghi quyit29-NQfrN vidSi mdi cdn ban todn diin gido due vd ddo tgo, ddp ting yiu cdu cdng nghiip hda, hiin dgi hda diiu kiin kinh ti thi trudng dinh hudng xd h^l chd nghia vd hdi nhdp quSc ti, Hd Ndi [2] Ban chap hdnh Trung Udng Ddng khda XII (2016), Bdo cao danh gid kit qud thuc hiin nhiim vu phdt trien Kinh ti-xd hdi ndm 2011 - 2015 vd phuong hudng, nhiem vif phdt triSi Kinh ti - xd hdi nam 2016 - 2020, Ha Ndi [3] Bp Chinh tri (2009), Thdng bdo kit ludn sS 242-TB/TW vi dip tuc thuc hien Nghi quyit Thmg uong (khda Vlll), phuong hudng phdt trien gido due vd dao tgo din ndm 2020, Ha Ndi [4] Bd Giao due va Dao tao (2016), Bdo cao tham ludn ciia Bp Gido due vd Ddo tgo thuc hi^n chinh sdch, phdp ludt vi gido due Trung hgc CO sd, trung hgc phd thdng viing ddn tdc thiiu s6, miin nui bSi cdnh 2010 - 2015 Hd Ndi [5] Chinh phfl (2009), Thdng tU liln tich sd 109/2009/TTLT/BTC-BGD-DT 29 tiidng 05 nam 2009 Hudng dan mdt s6 chl dp tai chfnh ddi vdi hpc sinh cac Trudng Phd tiidng DSn tdc ndi ttu va cac trudng du bj Dai hpc ddn tdc [6] Chinh phii (2010), Quylt dinh 2123 22 thdng 11 nam 2010 Quylt djnh phe duyet De dn Phdt triih gido due dSi vdi cdc ddn tdc rat it ngudl giai dogn 2010 - 2015 Dinh Thi PhUdng Un JEM Vol (2017) No 11 [7] Chinh phu (2012) Quylt djnh 71 l/QD-TTg 13/06/2012 Quylt djnh phe duyet Chiln lUpc phat ttiln Giao due 2011 - 2020, Ha Ndi [8] Chinh phu (2016), Nghj djnh 116/2016/ND-CP 18 thang 07 nam 2016 quy djnh chinh sach hd ttd hpc sinh vd trudng phdtiidngd xd tbdn dac biet khd khan [9] Chinh phii (2017) Nghi dinh 57/20i7/ND-CP 09 thang 05 nam 2017 quy dinh chinh sach Uu tien tuyIn sinh va hd trd hpc tdp ddi vdi hpc sinh ddn tdc thilu sd rlt it ngUdi [10] Hiin phdp nUdc Cong hda xd hdi chd nghia Viet Nam (2013) [11] Hoi ddng Ddn tdc cua Qudc hdi (2014), Bdo cao 689/BC - HDDT13 ngdy 01 thdng ndm 2014 cua Hdi dong ddn tgc ve Kit qud khdo sat thUc trang gido due ddn toe cdp Trung hgc phi thong Ha Ndi [12] Le Chi Mai (2001), Nhiing vdn dicabdn vi chinh sdch vd quy trinh chinh sdch, Nxb Dai hpc Qudc gia TP Hd Chi Minh [13] Qudc hdi(2009), Ludt sd 44/2009/QH 12 25 tiiang 11 ndm 2009 Sfla ddi, bd sung mdt sd dilu cua Ludt Giao due Ha Ndi [14] Qudc hdi (2016), Nghi qu^it s6 33/2016/QH14 Nghf quyit vichdt vdn vd trd Idi chdt vdn tgi ky hgp thii quSc hdi khda XIV, Hd Ndi [15] Qudc hdi (2016), Nghi quyit sS 26/2016/QH14 Nghi quyit vi ki hoach dau tu cdng trung hgn bSi cdnh 2016 - 2020, Ha Ndi ABSTRACT Research on proposing some completions on contents of policies to students of ethnic minorities in the area of ethnic minorities in current context Students of ethnic minorities in general and those in the area of ethnic minorlttes in pardcular have received interest of the Communist Party and the govenrment l^ the way of enacting supporting policies on this issue There are some achievements but also some challenges to implement these policies in practice The contents of this paper focuses on identilying the position and role of policies to students of ethnic minorities in the area of ethnic minorities in recent time; policies enacted and results of implementing these policies; based on the analysis and impact evaluation of these policies, the paper proposes some solutions to complete contents of the policies to students of ethnic minorities in the area of ethnic minorities in current context Keywords: Policy, ethnic minorities, student, area of ethnic minorities ... Uu dai cho hpc sinh, sinh vien cd hoan canh khd khan Khuyin khich hinh thdnh cdc quy hpc bdng giiip hpc sinh, sinh vien ngheo vupt khd, hpc gidi Cd ed chl dac thu di tuyIn ebon va dung nhdn tdi"... chinb sach Uu tien tuyIn sinh vd hd ttd hpc tap ddi vdi hpc sinh ddn tdc thilu sd rlt it ngUdi md 12 NGHltNCCU JEM Vol 9(2017),No 11 rdng ddi tUdng dp dung hpc sinh, sinh vien tiiudc 16 dan tdc... tdc Ban tni hoac la hpc sinh ban ttii hpc t^ trUdng phd thdng cdng lap cd hpc sinh ban tru dUdc hUdng mflc ho trd hpc tap bang 60% mflc lUdng cd sd/hpc sinh/ thdng Hpc sinh ddn tdc thilu sd rat