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TruangDgihoc Vinh Tgp chi khoa hpc, Tgp45 S63A (2016), tr 13 18 NANG CAO CHAT LU"aNG GIANG DAY HOC PHAN DAI CÛ OHSG V £ CONG NGHl; THONG TIN VA T R U Y E N THONG LS Van Minh, Pham Trk My Khoa Cong ng[.]
TruangDgihoc Vinh Tgp chi khoa hpc, Tgp45.S63A (2016), tr 13-18 NANG CAO CHAT LU"aNG GIANG DAY HOC PHAN DAI CU^OHSG V £ CONG NGHl; THONG TIN VA T R U Y E N THONG LS Van Minh, Pham Trk My Khoa Cong ngh4 thong tin, Trudng Dgi hoc Vinh Ngay nhan bai 22/8/2016, nhan dang 20/10/2016 Tom tat: Bai viSt dua tren phan tich cac yeu to anh buong den chat lupng giang day va cac so lieu thong ke ket qua hoc tap ciia sinh vien da hpc xong hpc phan Dai cuong ve cong nghe thong tin va tmyen thong de dua mot so giai pliap nham nang cao chit lupTig giang day hoc phan CAC KHAl NIEM vA KIEN THLTC LIEN QUAN Trong phan chiing ta xem xet mot sd khai niem duac diing hay cd lien quan true tiep den ngi dung nghi8n ciiu nhu chat lugng, chat lugng frong giao due dai hoc, chat lupng giang d^y 1.1 Ch^tlu^g "Ch4t lupn^" la mot pbam tni pbiic tap, da chieu Tbeo Green [1], khai niem "chat lupng" cd tb6 bilu dugc nhung khd giai thich va diln dat day dii, ro rang Do mdi ngudi cd the dua quan niem hay djnh ngbla cua rieng minh Sau day ebung ta xem xet mot sd quan niem ve chat lupng Theo bi diln tiSng Viet [2], chat luong la tdng the nhiing tinb chat, thudc tinb co ban cua su vgt (sir viSc) lam cho sir vat (su viec) phan biet vdi su vat (su viee) kbae Tbeo quan niem khai niem chSt lupng dugc gan nhu mot thudc tinb ciia ddi tupng (sir vat, su viec) diing de so sanh phan biet v6i cac ddi tupng khac ehii khong xac dinb gia tri ciia ddi tupng ddi vdi cae ddi tugng xung quanh Vi du thudc tinb mau cua bai ddi tupng la trSng va den diing dl phan bi6t hai doi tupng dd nhung khong phan anb sir so sanh vh gia tri cua hai ddi brgng dd doi vdi cac ddi tugng khac Theo rtr diSn tilng Viet thong dung [3], chit lugng la cai lam nen pbam chat, gia tri ciia su vat hay la cai tao nen ban chat sir vat lam cho su vat khac su vat Tbeo quan mem Idiai niem chit lugng dupe md rpng han, cd lien quan den y nghia, gia fri ciia sir vat ddi vdi cac doi tuoTig xung quanh Di6u 3.1.1 cua tieu chuin ISO 9000:2005 dinb nghTa chat lupng la muc dp dap irng cac yeu c^u ciia mot tap hpp cd dac tinh vdn cd Theo tieu chuan TCVN-ISO 8042, chat lugng la "tap hop cac dac tinh ciia mot thuc the (ddi tupng), tao cho thuc the (ddi tupng) kha nang thda man nhiing nhu cau da neu hay nhung nbu cau tiem an" 1.2 Ch^t liromg giao due dai hoc Chat lupng giao due dai hpc dang la chu de ndng, mdi quan tam bang dau cua toan xa hpi Siic ep ve tu chii kinh te, sir bung no ve quy md ngudi hpc va ddi hoi cao dpi vdi cbdt lupTig dau tu cac nba tuyen dung dang dat cac trudng dai hpc vao thai kbae thay ddi mang tinb quyet djnh Tinb quyet djnh sir tdn tai ciia mot tmdng dai hpc la chat lugng dao tao Khai niem chat lupng dao tao bay chat lugng giao due la mot khai niem mang tinb tirong ddi Mdi ngudi dua tren gdc nhin ciia minh se dua quan diem ve Email: minhdhvinh@gmail com (L V Minh) L V Minh, P T My/Nang cao chSl lupng giang dgy hoc phan Dgi cuong vi cong nghe thong tin va truyen thong chit lugng giao due khac Trong sd cac dinh nghTa ve chat lupng giao due dai hgc thi djnh nghia cua Green va Harvey [4] c6 tinh khai quat nbdt Theo d6, khai niem chit luong giao due dai hoc dupe dS cap bdi nam khia c^nb: chat lugng la sy vupt frpi (sir xu4t sSc), la su boan bao (sir boan tbien, khdng bi Idi), la sir phii bgp vdi muc tieu (sir dap ling nbu eSu ciia khach bang), la sir dang gia v6 ddng tiSn (su brcmg xiing vdi muc dSu tu) va la gia tri chuyen ddi (sir chuyen ddi trang thai) Hien phSn Idn cac tmdng dai hoc xem chat lupng la sir phii hop vdi muc tieu D6 danh gia ude lupng chat luong giang day dat dupe thi muc tieu cua mdn hoc (hay nba trudng) da dupe lupng hda cac tieu chi nbd han, ro rang ban Nhu vay, ddi vdi mot chuong frinb dao tao se cd bai miic danb gia chat lugng la danh gia chit lupng cua chuong trinh dao tao ap dung cho ca kbda bgc va danh gia chat lupng cho tiing mdn hpc Ngbien ciiu chi lien quan d6n cbSt lugng giang day d miic mdn hpc n6n cac tieu cbi danb gia chat lupng dupe quan tam danb cho cac mdn bgc Theo Pbam Xuan Thanh [5], cac tieu cbi danh gia mon hgc bao gdm: - Muc dich, yeu cSu ciia mdn hpc ro rang ddi vdi sinh vien; - Mdn hpc dupe giang day tdt; - Ndi dung mon hoc bd icb ddi vdi sinh vien; - Tu lieu hpc tap cho mdn hgc dugc cung cap dSy dii; - Khdi lugng chuong frinb hgc tap pbii hpp vdi sinh vien; - Sinh vien dupe ddng vien, kbuyen kbicb hpc tot; - Sinh vien nhan dugc nhiing thong tin bd icb ve su tien bd ciia minh qua trinh hpc tap; - Giang vien quan tam den nhu cau nang cao kien thiic va ky nang ciia sinh vien; - Qua trinh kiem tra danh gia cdng bang, khach quan Nhung tieu chi danh gia se la co sd cho viec phan tich, danb gia va dua cac giai phap nbam nang cao chdt lupng giang day hoc phan Dai cuong ve cdng nghe thong tin va tmyen tbdng NANG CAO CHAT LUONG G I A N G DAY HOC P H A N DAI CUONG VE CONG NGHE THONG TIN vA TRUYEN THONG 2.1 Muc dich, ySu c4u cua mon hoc Hoc phan Dai cuong ve cdng nghe tbdng tin va tmyen thong la hpc phan bat bude danh cho cac sinh vien nganh Su pham tu nhien Muc tieu ciia mdn bgc giiip ngudi hpc cd nbimg kien tbiie can ban va cac ky nang ve ung dung cdng nghe tbdng tin can ban theo tbdng tu 03 ciia Bd Thong tin va Tmyen thdng Phan phu luc ciia tbdng tu' 03 [6] co neu chi tiet cac cbuan vh kien tbiic va ky nang dupe Het ke sau modul, nbimg cbiing ta cd the nhdm lai ba phan ngi dung cbinh bao gom cac hieu biet can ban ve ITnh virc cong nghe thong tin va tmyen thdng, cac irng dung can ban va cude sdng true tuyen Phan muc tieu mdn hpc de cuong chi tiet mon bgc da tdm luge cae ngi dung cbinh cua sau modul tren cae chuan yeu cau frang bi cho sinh vien ve kien thuc va ky nang kha rd rang Tuy nhien, kinh nghiem giang day va ket qua thdng ke bi diem thi het hpc phan cua sinh vien cbo thay rang viec gidi tbieu mot each day du va ro rang muc tieu mdn hoc la bet siic cdn thi^t Thdng tbudng, cbiing ta xem nbe phan va Tnrang Dai hpc Vinh Tgp chi khoa hpc Tap 45 So 3A (2016), Ir 13-18 chi gidi thieu ludt qua de di vao ndi dung cbi tiet O phan ndi dung cbi tiet chiing ta l^i tiep tue quan tam den cac ky nang sir dung va van hanh may va phan mem, tbudng bd qua nhiing kien thiic lien quan Dieu dan den tinb trang sinh vien sau hoc xong hpc phan vin hong ve kien tbirc Hinh I thdng ke sd phan fram sinb vien fra Idi diing a cau hdi trac nghiem kien thiic cbung de thi Hinh So % sinh vien tra lai diing kien thuc long quan theo lop hoc Cdng nghe tbdng tin va truyen tbdng da di vao mpi ITnh vuc cua cupe sdng bang ciia chiing ta, cbo nen viec nSm dugc cac khai niem, phan be thdng dd la can thiet Trong giang day, chiing ta tbudng chii y den cac thao tac cu the, cbang ban, khdi ddng he dieu tianh Windows bay phan mem ling dung nhu the nao, soan thao van ban Microsoft Word sao, edn cac dan vi cho bd nhd hay toe dp xii ly ciia CPU thi it dupe chii y Do vay, diing tmdc sir lira chpn cdng cu lam viec la may tinb hay dien thoai thdng minh, cac thong sd nbu Mb RAM, hay CPU QuadCore 2.6 GHz deu gay nen sir bdi rdi cho sinh vien Neu qua trinh hoc, sinh vien hieu y nghia va ban chat ciia cac don v| do thi viec so sanh va chpn lira cdng cu phii hpp vdi cong viec se don gian hem nhieu Tdm lai, frong phan gioi tbieu muc tieu mdn bgc, giang vien can lam ro y nghTa cua timg ndi dung va lim y viec bgc tap ciia sinh vien cbo timg phan do, khdng nen chi gidi tbieu ludt qua Dae biet, ddi vdi phan cd nhieu khai niem trim tupng, khd nbd, giang vien can cd gang gan lien vdi cac tinb budng sir dung frong thuc te 2.2 Cac yen to can cai thien de nang cao chat lirtmg giang day Trong phan nay, cbiing ta xem xet cac yeu to anh budng den chat lugng giang day va giai phap tuang iing nham nang cao chat lugng giang d^y hoc phan Dai cuong ve cdng nghe thdng tin va tmyen thong Chung ta cd the cho rang hau het sinh vien deu dugc hgc Tin hpc d bac hpc pbd tbdng, tham chi nhieu sinh vien cd may tinh rieng nen hpc hgc phan se dl dang cd ket qua kba quan Tuy nhien, tbdng ke phan fram sinh vien dat diem tbi cac miic (hinh 2) khac vdi nhan dinh ciia chiing ta L V Minh P T My/Nang cao chat lupng giang dgy hpc phan Dgi cuong ve cong ngh4 thong tin va truyen thdng g C+ C D+ D Hinh Thong ki theo % sinh vien dgt diem thi cdc mire Dua vao cac tieu chi danh gia cbat lugng giang day mdn hgc d fren, chiing ta hay xem xet nguyen nhan cbinh din den ket qua hpc tap hoc phan ehua cao Co sd vat chit va phuong tien day hoc ciia Trudng Dai hoc Vinh rat tdt Phong bgc cd day dii thiet bi hd fro am thanh, anh sang va may chieu, lam cho bai giang true quan, sinh ddng Cac vi du hay bai tap dugc giang vien frinb bay ro rang, dl hieu Phong hpc thuc hanh cd he thdng may tinh manh, phan mem cap nhat Tuy nhien, nen bd sung phan mem quan ly d6 giang vien cd th6 quan sat dupe cae may cua sinh vien tii may ciia giang vien de tien tbeo ddi va quan ly lop bgc Ve phuong dien tai lieu bgc tap, sinb vi8n da dugc cung cap day du tai lieu hpc tap CO chat lupng tdt Toan bd bai giang va bai tap thuc hanh dupe bien soan bdi nhung giang vien cd kinh nghiem va uy tin, sau dd dugc bdi ddng khoa hpc gdp y cbinh sua va tham dinh lai Cae giang vien cung cap tai lieu cbo sinb vien bang nhieu hinh thire nhu pbd to ban ciing hay tai ban m6m tir dudng link tai lieu hoc tap tren mang Dieu dam bao sinh vien cd dii tai lieu hgc tap va tai lieu tham khao mot each dl dang, dii bp tham gia Idp hgc sdm bay mudn Cae tieu chi edn lai cbii yeu lien quan den qua trinh tuang tac giila giang vien va sinh vien Chat luong giang day se chiu anh hudng nhieu tii nhdm tieu cbi Tmdc het, cbiing ta xem xet cac cdng viec chinh tuang tac boat ddng day - hpc ciia giang vien va sinb vi8n Trong timg ndi dung hoc, giang vien ludn kbuyen khlch sinh vien th6 hien quan di8m va bieu biet ciia minh Dieu se dugc gbi nhan diem chuyen cin va thai hgc tap cua sinb vien Qua mdi modul ve ndi dung deu cd kiem fra danh gia (tbudng bang hinh thuc true tuyen), giiip cac sinh vien nhan dilm ygu, diSm manh ciia minh d8 kip thai bd sung Diem danh gia giiia hpc phin bang tmng binb cdng cac eon diem kiem tra ciia cac modul Qua trinh kigm fra danh gia dugc tiSn banh mot each brcmg tu ddi vdi phan thuc banh fren pbdng may De thi k6t thiic bgc phin dugc giao cho cac giang vien cd kinh nghiem va uy tin de, hdi ddng khoa hpc gop y, danh gia va thim dinh De thi dupe dudi dang bg de cd nhieu cau ddng muc cho mot phan ngi dung, cac cau hdi ciia cac phin khac se duoc to hpp vdi tao mot d6 thi Mdi ISn tbi gdm 20 d^ danh cbo 20 sinb vien Nhu vay de tbi ludn ddng miic va pbii hpp vdi npi dung da hpc cua sinh vien So lieu thong ke tir ket qua thi ciia smh vien K56 nganh SP Tin hoc va CNTT 16 Tgp chi khoa hpc Tap 45 So 3A (2016) tr 13-18 Truang Dgi hpc Vinh Qua cac phan tich danh gia nhu tren, cbiing ta thay cae tieu chi deu dupe dap ling gan nhu boan bao Vay nguyen nhan tii dau ma ket qua cudi ciing ciia sinh vien van ehua cao nhu chung ta mong mudn? De fra Idi cau hoi nay, cbiing tdi thdng ke diem sinh vien dat dupe theo timg ndi dung frong bai thi „ • Word • Excel " _• " m ' ' • • PowerPoint s:s 1' II III • HOH&lnternet V Hinh Thong ke diim theo timg ndi dung thi Hinh la bieu thdng ke diem ciia cac ndi dung tinb theo bdn miic cbam thuc t6 Trong miic IV la miic diem cao nhat ciia ndi dung thi va miic I la miic thap nhat gianh cho ndi dung thi Tir hinh 3, cbiing ta dl dang nhan mot dieu khac vdi suy luan ciia ehiing ta la phan Excel khd bon nhung sd sinh vien dat diem miic cao lai nhieu ban so vdi Word Dieu dan chiing ta d6n can bdi rang ndi dung phan Word ehua dii thu hiit sir quan tam ciia sinh vien hay sinh vien chii quan ddi vdi phan Xuat phat hi kinh nghiem giang day va quan ly lop hpc ehiing ta nhan thay cd hai nguyen nhan Thu nhat, su bap din ciia ndi dung phan Word ddi vdi sinh vien la ehua cao Nguyen nhan chii ylu d day la dac trung ciia Word la phan mem xu ly van ban nen cac thao tac chii y6u lien quan ddn go ndi dung va dinb dang, dieu tbudng khong cd kbd hay the bien sir linh ddng de hap din sinh vien Ngupe lai, phan Excel cd dp khd, ddi bdi tu d6 giai quylt nhftng bai toan kha phiic tap frong thuc te nen thacb thiic va hap dan hon doi vdi ngudi hpc, Nhu vay, kbi giang day pb§n Word, ehiing ta can bd sung tbem cac dang van ban yeu ciu cac ky tbuat cd dp khd va tbach thiic ban ddi vdi ngudi hpc Xet ve nguyen nhan tbir hai la tinb chii quan cua ngudi hoc, hau het cac sinh vien da dupe hoe hoac lam kha thao ddi vdi phln m6m Word nen tao tam ly chu quan frong bgc tap Rit nhilu sinh vien go ban phim va danh ngi dung mot van ban kha nhanh, nhung de dinh dang theo diing mot van ban mau nao thi ho lam ehua tdt hoac khdng lam dupe De ban ch6 di6u nay, he thdng bai giang va bai tap thuc hanh can cd cac van ban mlu vdi day dii cac dang nham giiip sinh vien bieu dupe ndi dung cua xir ly van ban va kba nang cua chinh minh Doi vdi ndi dung PowerPoint, ndi dung tbudng gay khd khan cho sinb vien la thiSt lap hieu ting ehuySn frang (fransition) va hieu ling cho bing ddi tupng nong frang (effect) Day chinb la hai khai niem dl ga;/ nham lan cbo sinh vien, vay liie thuc hien giang day ndi dung giang vien nen lay vi du va nhan manh su khac ciia bai dang tbilt lap ^ DiSm tinh ty le % doi v6i moi npi dung thi ciia sinh vien K56 nganh SP Tin hoc va CNTT L V Minh P.T.My/ Ndng cao chat luong giang day hpc phan Dgi cuang vi cong nghe thong tin va truyin thong Phin He dilu hanh va Internet la hai ndi dung kba khd ddi vdi sinb vien, vi hai phan co kba nhieu khai niem va it gan vdi cac thao tac cu the nen kbd nbd Khi giang day phan nay, giang vien cin luu y gan cac khai niem vao cac tinb hudng irng dung cu the frong thuc te Vi du, kbi giang day v8 dia chi IP, giang vien ed the lien he vdi so ehiing minh nhan dan hay so hd chieu ciia moi ngudi KET LUAN Trong bai bao nay, chiing tdi da dua fr6n eac yeu td ed the anh budng den chat lugng giang day ciia hpc phan Dai cuong ve cdng nghe thdng tin va tmyen thdng ciing vdi cae sd lieu cu the tir cdng tac day, hpc, de, cbam tbi va ket qua tbi tren tung ndi dung ciia sinh vien de phan tich va nit cac nguyen nhan cbinh lam cho chat lupng giang day hpc phan ehua dupe nhu mong mudn Cd cac nguyen nhan chii quan xuat phat tu phia sinh vien, cd cac nguyen nhan khach quan tii ndi dung va cong tac giang day Cac giai phap tbich hpp da dupe de xuat Tuy nhien, de ed the cd ket qua tdt, mli giang vien can phai cd long nhiet huyet va cd sir quan tam ddng vien, kbicb le sinh vien mot each kip tbdi TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [I] Green Diana, What is the Quality in Higher education?, SRHE and Open University Press, 1994 [2] Hoang Phe, Tit- diin tiing Viet, NXB Khoa bgc xa hdi, 1988 [3] Nguyin Diic Dan, Ngie dung hoc, NXB Giao due, 1998 [4] Harvey Lee and Green Diana, Defining quality assessment and evaluation in higher education International Journal Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, Volume 18, Issue 1, 1993 [5] Pbam Xuan Thanh, Hai cdch tiip can danh gid chdt luong giao due dgi hoc, Ky yeu hdi thao "Dam bao chat luong Giao due dai hoc" Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi, 2006 [6] Thong tusS 03/2014/TT-BTTTT, Bd Thong tin va Tmyin thdng, 2014 SUMMARY IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF TEACHING SUBJECT "THE FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICTIONS" In this paper, we offer some solutions in order to enhance the quality of teaching subject "The frindamentals of information technology and communications" It is based on our analyses of the affects on teaching quabty and the statistics of student's learning outcomes on this subject ... giai phap nbam nang cao chdt lupng giang day hoc phan Dai cuong ve cdng nghe thong tin va tmyen tbdng NANG CAO CHAT LUONG G I A N G DAY HOC P H A N DAI CUONG VE CONG NGHE THONG TIN vA TRUYEN THONG... lap ^ DiSm tinh ty le % doi v6i moi npi dung thi ciia sinh vien K56 nganh SP Tin hoc va CNTT L V Minh P.T.My/ Ndng cao chat luong giang day hpc phan Dgi cuang vi cong nghe thong tin va truyin... phap tuang iing nham nang cao chat lugng giang d^y hoc phan Dai cuong ve cdng nghe thdng tin va tmyen thong Chung ta cd the cho rang hau het sinh vien deu dugc hgc Tin hpc d bac hpc pbd tbdng,