Nghien culi cac nhan to anh hu''''dng den dong li/c hoc tap cua sinh vien Khoa Kinh te^ Tru''''dng Dai hoc Tay Nguyen NGGYIN VAN DAT* Tom tat Bdi viet nghien cdu cdc nhdn tddnh hudng den dong luc hoc tap cu[.]
Nghien culi cac nhan to anh hu'dng den dong li/c hoc tap cua sinh vien Khoa Kinh te^ Tru'dng Dai hoc Tay Nguyen N G G Y I N VAN DAT* Tom tat Bdi viet nghien cdu cdc nhdn tddnh hudng den dong luc hoc tap cua sinh vien Khoa Kinh te, TrUdng Dgi hoc Tdy Nguyen Ket qud cho thdy, chi cd yeu td thuc sU tdc dong den dong luc hoc tap cua sinh vien, Id Bdn thdn sinh vien vd Mdi trUdng hoc tap Td do, tdc gid dUa cdc khuyen nghi cho Nhd trUdng nhdm ndng cao han nQa ddng luc hoc tap cua sinh vien de cdc em dgt duac ket qud tdt nhdt Tuf khoa: ddng luc hoc tap, nhdn td dnh hudng, sinh vien, chdt luang ddo tgo Summary This paper investigates factors influencing the learning motivation of students at the Faculty of Economics, Tay Nguyen University The output only points out two determinants of students' motivation which are Students themselves and Learning environment From this finding, the author proposes some recommendations to the University to further improve students' learning motivation so that they can achieve the best results Keywords: learning motivation, determinants, students, training quality GlOfI THIEU Ddng Iffc hoc tap la ye'u td' quan anh hffdng den cdng hoc tap cua hpe sinh, sinh vien (Tucker & Zayco, 2002) Khi ed ddng Iffc, ngffdi hoe se cam tha'y hao hffng, nhiet huye't va cd trach nhiem hoe tap, dan tdi ke't qua hoc tap mong mud'n va dieu dd anh hffdng rat ldn den dinh hffdng edng viee va cude sd'ng sau ciia ho Van de dat cho nhffng ngffdi lam cdng tac giao due la lam de' tim hieu va nang eao ddng Iffc hoe tap cho ngffdi hoc nham dem lai ldi ich eho ban than ngffdi hoc va edng ddng Xuat phat tff dieu nay, bai vie't tap trung nghien cffu cae nhan td' anh hffdng de'n ddng Iffc hoe tap cua sinh vien Khoa Kinh te', Trffdng Dai hoe Tay Nguyen CO s d LY THUYET VA PHU'aNG PHAP NGHIEN CLTU Ddng Iffc hoe tap la khao khat, mong mud'n, hao hffng, cam tha'y ed trach nhiem va diy nhiet huye't qua trinh hoc tap (Bomia et al., 1997), la sff nd Iffc, ed gang de' hoan mdt cdng viec nao dd (Durbin, 2008) Vi the', ddng Iffc hoc tap cd anh hffdng ldn de'n thai hoc tap, tff dd dan de'n ke't qua hoe tap cua sinh vien Nghien effu eua Huynh Thi My Nga, Nguyen Tuan Kiet (2016) chira rang, ddng Iffc hoc tap cua sinh vien chiu tac ddng bdi mdi trffdng hoc tap, cac nhan to' ve chffdng trinh va cdng tac quan ly dao tao, chat lffdng giang vien, cac hoat ddng doan the Trong mot nghien cffu khac, Nguydn Binh Phffdng Duy (2015) td'ng hdp cac nhan to tae ddng de'n ddng Iffc hoe tap cua sinh vien, bao gdm: hanh vi giang vien, mdi trffdng hoc tap, phffdng phap giang day va dinh hffdng mue tieu hoe tap cua sinh vien Cdn theo Pham Van Sy (2012), cac *TS., Tri/dng Dai hoc Tay Nguyen I Email: datantoan2017@gmail.com Ngdy nhan bdi: 13/09/2018; Ngdy phdn bien: 15/10/2018; Ngdy duyet dang: 20/10/2018 Economy and Forecast Review O I HINH: MO HINH NGHIEN CCfG Hanh vi giang vien Dpng \\fc hgc tap cua sinh vien Moi tnrong hpc tap Tac gia sff dung phan mem SPSS 23.0 phue vu cho viee phan tieh, thdng ke, xijf ly dff lieu va chay hdi quy tuyen tinh boi (Bdi viet sd dung cdch viet sd thdp phdn theo chudn qudc te) Phucmg phap giang d|iy KET QUA NGHIEN CU'U VA THAO LUAN Dinh huong hgc tap ciia sinh vien Nguon: De xuat cua tac gia BANG 1: TONG HdP HE SO CRONBACH'S ALPHA STT Thang GV SV MT PP DL So' bidn quan sat H§ s6 Cronbach's 7 Alpha 0.837 0.747 0.713 0.795 0.834 Ngu6n: Tong hdp tij' iiet qua chay Cronbach's Alpha tren SPSS BANG 2: TONG HdP KET QGA PHAN TICH EFA CAC BIEN DOC LAP STT Bidn quan sat GV4 GV3 GVl GV5 GV2 GV7 SV4 SV2 SVI SV3 SV5 PP6 PP5 PP7 MT2 MTl MT3 KMO Bartlett's (Sig.) Phu'dng sai trich Egienvalue 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Nhan tA' 827 811 698 682 660 655 790 695 669 607 592 840 831 799 803 779 692 0.802 0.000 59.338% 1.490 Nguon: Tdng hdp tu' sd lieu phan tich bang SPSS ye'u td'tac ddng de'n ddng Iffc hoc tap gdm cd: gia dinh, ban than sinh vien, mdi trffdng hoc tap va xa hdi, niem dam me hffng thii vdi nganh hoc va tae ddng tff cae phffdng tien thdng tin dai ehung Tham khao eac nghien effu tren, tac gia de xua't nhan to anh hffdng de'n Ddng Iffc hoc tap eua sinh vien (DL) thudc Khoa Kinh te, Trffdng Dai hoc Tay Nguyen, bao gdm: Hanh vi giang vien (GV); Mdi trffdng hoc tap (MT); Phffdng phap giang day (PP); Dinh hffdng hoc tap cua sinh vien (SV) Md hinh nghien effu dffdc trinh bay nhff Hinh Dff lieu dffdc thu thap qua khao sat bang bang hdi dd'i vdi 200 sinh vien chinh quy hoe nam va 4, Khoa Kinh te, Trffdng Dai hpc Tay Nguyen, gdm cac nganh: Quan tri kinh doanh, Kinh te ndng nghiep, Tai chinh ngan hang, Ke toan Kie'm toan Thdi gian khao sattij"thang 03-04/2018 Sau thu ve va lam sach cdn 178 mlu hdp le de phan tieh 32 Mo td mdu nghien ciiu Ve gidi tinh, khao sat eho tha'y sir chenh lech dang ke giffa so Iffdng sinh vien nam va nff Ty le nam tham gia khao sat la 24.7%, it hdn nhieu so vdi ty le nii' la 75.3% Ben canh dd, ty le sinh vien nam tham gia khao sat chiem gan 82% Day la nhffng dd'i tffdng da gan hoan khda hoe, dffdc hgc va tiep xiic vdi rat nhieu thay cd, vdi nhieu phffdng phap giang day khac Ve nhdm nganh khao sat, sinh vien chuyen nganh Ke' toan chie'm ty le cao nha't, gan 58% Day eung la nganh hoc tuyen dffdc Iffdng sinh vien nhieu nha't cua Khoa Kinh te' nhffng nam qua Kiem dinh vd ddnh gid thang Kiem dinh Cronbach's Alpha Cae thang dffdc tie'n hanh kiem dinh tin cay bang phffdng phap Cronbach's Alpha Sau chay phan tich, cac thang deu ed gia tri tin cay eao va bien thien khoang 0.7-0.9 (Bang 1) Phdn tich nhdn td khdm phd (EFA) Phan tich EFA eho cac bie'n ddc lap Theo ke't qua Bang 2, kiem dinh KMO va Bartlett phan tich nhan td cho bie't gia tri KMO = 0.802 > 0.5 va Sig < 0.05, nhff vay dff lieu phu hdp de tien hanh phan tich nhan to Phffdng sai trich dat 59.388 % (>50%) cho biet nhan to dffpc rut trich giai thich dffdc 59.388% bie'n thien cua dff lieu Vdi ke't qua nay, thang rut ra' dat yeu cau Die'm dilfng trich eac yeu to tai nhan to vdi Eigenvalue = 1.490 Ben canh dd, ma tran xoay nhan tdcho tha'y sff hdi tu eua cac bie'n quan sat vac cac nhdm nhan to bie'n PPl, PP2, PP3, PP4, GV6, SV6 bi loai khdi md hinh Phan tich EFA eho bie'n phu thuoc Tffdng tff eac bie'n ddc lap, kiem dinh KMO va Bartiett phan tieh nhan to cho bie'n Ddng Iffc hoe tap cua sinh vien cho tha'y, he sd KMO = 0.776 (>0.5) va gia tri Sig = 0.000 ( 50%, gia tri Eigenvalue = 2.680 > 1, dat yeu cau Kinh • nift Kinh t vaDirl Cac bien quan sat deu cd he so tai nhan td>0.5(Bang3) Phdn tich titOng quan Bang cho thay, chi cd bien SV va MT cd sff tffdng quan vdi bien phu thudc DL (Sig < 0.05) Trong dd, bie'n SV cd sff tffdng quan eao nhat vdi Pcor = 0.415 Hai bien GV, PP cd gia tri Sig > 0.05, nen khdng cd md'i quan he tffdng quan vdi bie'n phu thudc Do vay, tac gia loai bie'n trffdc chay hdi quy Phdn tich hoi quy Ke't qua chay hdi quy eho bie't, he so dieu ehinh Radj^ = 0.191 (Bang 5) O Bang 6, kiem dinh F eho thay mffe y nghia Sig = 0.000 < 0.05 Nhff vay, md hinh hdi quy la phu hdp, cac bien ddc lap md hinh giai thieh dffdc 19.1% phffdng sai cua bie'n DL, edn lai 79.9% la sff tae ddng cua cac ye'u td'khac khdng dffdc dffa vao md hinh Theo ke't qua Bang 7, sd'hdi quy cho thay, eac bie'n SV va MT cd sff anh hffdng de'n DL, ehung cd mffe y nghia Sig < 0.05 Cae bien ed tae ddng ciing chieu vao bie'n phu thudc DL cd he sdBeta dffdng Trong dd, bie'n SV tae ddng vao DL manh hdn bie'n MT Ca bie'n SV va MT deu cd he so phdng dai phffdng sai VIF < 2, vi vay, khdng xay hien tffdng da cdng tuye'n Nhff vay, viec dinh hffdng muc tieu hoe tap rd rang se lam tang ddng Iffc hoc tap cua sinh vien Tffdng tff, mdi trffdng hoc tap eung lam tang ddng Iffc hoe tap cua sinh vien Kiem dinh sit khdc bi^t ve dong lUc hoc tap theo mgt sd dac diem cd nhdn cua sinh vien Kiem dinh sU khdc Met ve ddng luc hoc tap theo gidi tinh cua sinh vien Tac gia sff dung kie'm dinh Independent T-test de kiem tra xem giffa nhdm nam va nff cd sff khac biet dang ke nao ve ddng Iffc hoc tap hay khdng Bang eho thay, mffe y nghia Sig kiem dinh Levene = 0.738 (>0.05), dieu chffng td khdng cd sff khac biet ve phffdng sai dd'i vdi ddng Iffc hoe tap eua nhdm sinh vien nam va nff Do dd, tac gia tiep tuc xem xet cae gia tri cot "Gia dinh phffdng sai bang nhau" kiem dinh T-test Gia tri Sig kie'm dinh T-test = 0.335 (>0.05) cho thay, khdng tdn tai sff khae biet cd y nghia ve gia tri trung binh giffa nhdm nam va nff Nhff vay, khdng ed sff khac biet ve ddng Iffe hoc tap giffa nhdm sinh vien nam va nff Khoa Kinh te, Trffdng Dai hgc Tay Nguyen Economy and Forecast Review BANG 3: TONG H0P KET QOA PHAN TICH EFA BIEN PHCI THUOC Nh3n t6' Bidn quan sat STT I 874 DL4 839 DLI 838 DL3 714 DL2 0.776 KMO 0.000 Bartlett's (Sig.) 66.998% Phtfcfng sai trich Egienvalue 2.680 BANG 4: MA TRAN DL Pcor(*) Sig (**) Pcor Sig Pcor Sig Pcor Sig Pcor Sig DL GV SV PP MT 117 119 415" 000 201" 007 243" 001 HE SO QGAN PP SV 415" 201" 000 007 223" 268" 003 000 186* 013 186* 013 186* 199" 013 008 TCTCJNG GV 117 119 223" 003 268" 000 410" 000 MT 243" 001 410'* 000 186' 013 199" 008 Ghi chii: (*) P : he sotUCng quan Pearson; (**) Sig: svt dung kiem dinh phia BANG 5: BANG TOM TAT MO HINH M6 hinh D6 lech Durbin-Watson chuin dtf doan 1.594 61635 Radf R R2 0.448 0.201 0.191 BANG 6: BANG ANOVA M6 hinh Tdng binh phtfctag df Binh phtfcfng trung binh F Sig 16.673 8.336 Hoi quy 21.944 0.000 Phan du66.480 175 380 83.153 177 Tdng BANG 7: BANG TRONG SO HOI QGY Bifi'n SV MT B 1.160 470 158 SE 341 084 063 Beta t Sig T Da cong tuyen VIF 3.406 001 383 5.569 000 965 1.036 171 2.490 014 965 1.036 Ngudn: Tong hdp tu' so lieu phan tich bang SPSS Kiem dinh sU khdc Met ve ddng luc hoc tap theo ndm hoc cua sinh vien De kiem tra sff khac biet ve ddng Iffc hge tap eua nhdm sinh vien nam va 4, tae gia sff dung kiem dinh One-Way ANOVA Ke't qua tff Bang cho tha'y, Sig (Levene) = 0.19 < 0.05, gia thuye't phffdng sai ddng nha't giffa cae nhdm gia tri bie'n dinh tinh da bi vi pham Nghia la phffdng sai giffa cac nhdm bd phan lam viec la khdng bang Do vay, tae gia tie'p tue tie'n hanh kiem dinh Welch eho trffdng hdp vi pham gia dinh phffdng sai ddng nha't Ke't qua cho thay, Sig eua kie'm dinh Welch = 0.566 > 0.05 Nhff vay ed nghia la, khdng cd sff khac biet cd y nghia thd'ng ke ve mffe anh hffdng cua nam hge dd'i vdi ddng Iffc hge tap eua sinh vien 33 BANG 8: KET QGA INDEPENDENT T-TEST THEO BIEN GICJI TJNH SINH VIEN Big'n phu thuOc Dong Itfc hoc tap Gidi tinh S6'd6'i Trung ttfdng binh Nam 44 3.2841 77308 Nil 134 3.3993 65474 Saisd'chu^n D6 l$ch chu§'n 11655 05656 Khdng gia dinh phtfdng sai bang Gia dinh phtfdng sai bang F 738 Sig .392 t -.967 -.889 df 176 64.484 Sig (2-tailed) 335 377 Levene's Test phtfcfng sai b i n g T-Test trung binh bang BANG 9: KET Q G A ONE-WAY ANOVA THEO BIEN N A M HOC CGA SINH VIEN df2 dfl Thd'ng Itfe Levene 099 Trong cung nhom 83.054 176 Tong 83.153 177 Giffa cac nhom 019 Binh phtftfng trung binh 472 Robust Tests of Equality of Means Statistic 332 Welch df2 dn Sig 62.728 566 BANG 10: KET QGA ONE-WAY ANOVA THEO BIEN NGANH HOC CGA SINH VIEN Thd'ng ke Levene dfl 3.018 T^ng binh phtfcfng Giffa cac nhdm dfZ df 1.118 Sig 174 031 Binh phtfdng trimg binh Trong Cling nhdm 82.035 174 Td'ng 80.312 177 F Sig .373 791 501 471 Robust Tests of Equality of Means Statistic" Welch dfl 973 df2 Sig 43.266 KET LUAN F Sig .099 211 647 df T6'ng binh phifcfng Sig 176 5.570 Kiem dinh sU khdc Met ve ddng /;/, hoc tap theo ngdnh hoc cua sinh vien Tae gia vSn sff dung kie'm dinh One Way ANOVA de xem xet cd hay khonj sff khac biet ddng Iffc hgc tap ddi vdi sinh vien tffng nhdm nganh khac nhau, Theo Bang 10, Sig (Levene) = 0.31 < 0.05, nghia la gia thuye't phffdng sai nha't giffa cac nhdm gia tri bien dinh tii da bi vi pham Do vay, tac giatie'ptuc tien hanh kiem dinh Welch eho trffdng hcJpvi pham gia dinh phffdng sai ddng nha't Vdi gia tri Sig cua kiem dinh Welch = 0.4M > 0.05, cd the ket luan rang, khdng c6si( khac biet ed y nghia thd'ng ke ve mu'c anh hffdng eua nganh hgc dd'i vdi donj Iffe hge tap eua sinh vien .414 Ngudn: Tinii toan ciia tac gia Ke't qua nghien effu cho tha'y, cd yeii td tac dgng de'n Dgng Iffe hge tap cua siil vien Khoa Kinh te', Trffdng Dai hoc Taj Nguyen, dd la Dinh hffdng hge tap cua sin! vien va Mdi trffdng hgc tap Ngoai ra, moi so dac diem ea nhan, nhff: gidi tinh, nam hge va nganh hgc khdng ed anh hffdng doi vdi Dgng life hge tap eua sinh vien Tff ke't qua nay, tac gia dffa ham j rang, sinh vien cua Trffdng Dai hoc Tai Nguyen can cd dinh hffdng muctieuhocta] rd rang de tff tao dgng Iffc phan da'u hpcta] cho ban than Ben canh do, Nha trffdng na xay dffng quy md Idp hge phu hdp, co s canh tranh lanh manh va tham gia tichci vao qua tnnh hge tap tren Idp cua sinh vien Ngoai ra, Trffdng cung can tang cffdng ca( hoat dgng ngoai khda, cai tien eac cd sciii chat ca ve so Iffdng va chat Iffdng, Mit xuyen bao tii, nang cap nham damhaodiei kien hge tap tdt eho sinh vien.G TAI LffiU THAM KHAO Nguyin Bmh Phffdng Duy (2015) Cdc yeu tddnh hudng den dong luc hoc tdp cua sinhn dgi hoc chinh quy TrUdng Dgi hoc Kinh te'TP Ho ChiMinh, Luan van thac sy, Trffdng Dai hocKii te TP Hd Chi Minh s ,, Hoang Thi My Nga & Nguydn Tuan Kiet (2016) Phan tieh cae nhan td tac dgng den doi Iffe hgc tap cua sinh vien kinh te Trffdng Dai hoc Can Thd, Tap chi Khoa hoc Trudns Dai hoed r/zo',sd 46, trang 107-115 " ' ' Pham^ Van Sy (2012) Dong cahoc tap cua sinh vien Trudng Dgi hoc Khoa hoc xd hdi va0 vdn TP Ho Chi Minh, Luan van thac sy, trffdng Dai hgc Sff pham TP- Ho Chi Minh Bomia et al (1997) The Impact of Teaching Strategies on Intrinsic Mo vation Durbin, A J (2008) Human Relations for Career and Personal Success, Upper Saddle W Pearson Education, Inc Tucker, C & Zayco, R A (2002) Teacher-child variables as predictors of acatV:,,-,^^,