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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION NGUYEN THI XUAN YEN TEAMWORK SKILLS EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN - YEARS OLD THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLORE ACTIVITIES Specialization: Theory and history of education ID: 9140102 SUMMARY OF THE DISCUSSION OF EDUCATION SCIENCE Hanoi - 2022 The work was completed at: Hanoi University of Education The scientific instructor: Assoc.Prof.Dr Nguyen Duc Quang - Hanoi University ofEducation Assoc.Prof.Dr Nguyen Thi Thanh Hong - Hanoi University ofEducation Reviewer 1: Prof Dr Nguyen Thi Hoang Yen Education Management Academy Reviewer 2: Assoc.Prof.Dr Pho Duc Hoa Hanoi University of Education Reviewer 3: Assoc.Prof.Dr Nguyen Thi Huong Vinh University The PhD thesis will be defended in the School-level Thesis Judging Committee at Hanoi National University of Education at … hour…date…month…… The thesis can be found at the library: Hanoi National Library or the Library of Hanoi National University of Education THESIS SUMMARY The reasons for selecting thistopic The UNESCO Education Commission has defined: "Learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together, learning to be" Today's society with the rapid development of science and technology along with the market mechanism requires new workers to have certain qualities, common capabilities, and certain social skills In which, teamwork skills are extremely important and indispensable Pre-school education is the first link in the national education system and is also the starting level that lays the foundation for the comprehensive development of a person's personality The 5-year-old child development standards also clearly define that the formation of social competencies is essential for children Children reaching 5-6 years old like to immerse themselves in communities, group of friends, the need to work together increases sharply The surrounding environment creates surprise, curiosity, general excitement for the children Every children themself is curious to explore everything around them Therefore, we cannot separate children from the environment and it is very necessary to guide their teamwork skills In fact, in our country, the innovative preschool education program has paid attention to the education and formation of social skills for children, including teamwork skills Moreover, the formation of teamwork skills through the activities of exploring the surrounding environment for children in preschools is still unclear Stemming from the above reasons, it can be noted that "Educating children from to years old in teamworkskills is through the activities of exploring the surrounding environment" Research Objective On the basis of theoretical research and actual situation survey, the topic proposes approaches for educating teamwork skills for 5-6 years old children through the activities of exploring the surrounding environment, which contributes to the enhancement of the quality of children education in preschool level ResearchObjects 3.1 Research object:The process of educating children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years old children through exploring the surroundingenvironment 3.2 Research object:The relationship between the education of teamwork skills for 56-year-old children with activities to explore the surroundingenvironment ScientificHypothesis If in the activities of exploring the surrounding environment, teachers will know how to use educational measures such as creating opportunities for children to experience activities together; practicing teamwork skills; building an active environment for children; encouraging children to resolve conflicts in a positive way; Let children to comment and evaluate the results of teamwork skills, the teamwork skills of 5-6 year olds will be formed anddeveloped Research Mission 5.1 Research on the theoretical basis of the education of teamwork skills for 5-6 years old children through the activities of exploring the surroundingenvironment 5.2 Evaluation of the current situation of teamwork skill education for 5-6 years old children through the activities of exploring the surroundingenvironment 5.3 Proposal on measures to educate teamwork skills for 5-6 years old children through activities of exploring the surroundingenvironment Research Scope - About the content of the research: Methods of educating teamwork skills for children 5-6 years old is studied through the activities of exploring the surrounding environment in preschools - Abouttheresearcharea:10preschoolsintheprovinces:DongNai,HanoiCity,HoChiMinh Research approaches and methods 7.1 Approaches:System Approach; Development Approach; Integrated Approach; Practical Approach; ActivityApproach 7.2 ResearchMethods 7.2.1 The Group of Theoretical Research Methods:Methods of Analysis and General Theories; Classification Method and TheoreticalSystem 7.2.2 The Group of Practical Research Methods:Observation Method; Investigation Method; Interview Method; Experimental Method of Pedagogy; ComplementaryMethod Defensive Arguments - Teamwork skills are one of the important skills that need to be taughttopreschool children 5-6 years old in preschool Teamwork skills can be taught through many different ways and forms of activities in preschool, including exploring the surroundingenvironment - Environmental exploration activities have many opportunities for children to work together, so it is necessary to exploit environmental exploration activities in preschool as a means to educate teamworkskills - Educating group work skills for 5-6 year old children through activities to explore the surrounding environment requires an organizational process, guidance, and creating opportunities and conditions to educate and develop teamwork skills for children in kindergarten New Contributions of ThisTopic 9.1 In terms oftheory Contributing to enriching the theory of teamwork skill education for 5-6 year olds, in which are concepts of teamwork skill education for preschool children, the influence of the activities of exploring the surrounding environment for the education of teamwork skills, teamwork characteristics of 5-6 year old children, manifestations of the need for group work of 5-6 year old children through activities of exploring the surrounding environment , measures to educate children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years old through activities to explore the surrounding environment 9.2 In terms ofpractice - Clarifying the reality of group work skills education through exploring the surrounding environment for 5-6-year-old children in some preschools in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and Dong Nai and pointing out the causes fundamental cause of the statusquo Proposing a number of measures to educate teamwork skills in order to help teachers instruct 5-6 years old children to study teamwork skills through the activities of exploring the surrounding environment 10 DissertationStructure In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the dissertation content includes chapters: Chapter 1: Theoretical basis of teamwork skill education for 5-6 years old children through the activities of exploring the surrounding environment Chapter 2: The practical basis of educating children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years old through the activities of exploring the surrounding environment Chapter 3: Proposal on measures to educate teamwork skills for 5-6 years old children through activities of exploring the surrounding environment CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS OF TEAMWORK SKILL EDUCATION FOR 5-6 YEARS OLD CHILDREN THROUGH THE ACTIVITIES OF EXPLORING THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT 1.1 Research overview of the problem 1.1.1 Research projects on teamwork skills and group work skills education forpreschool children There are many scientists who have researched on teamwork skills and teamwork education such as J Lancaster and A Bell, Packer, J Dewey, R Johnson and D Johnson, Causinet Roger, Kate Exley and Reg Dennick, Hayes Andrew, Floyd Allport, Murray F pointed out the benefits of teamwork, conditions and factors affecting the teamwork process Positive interdependence, Face-to-face interaction, High personal responsibility, Small group cooperation skills, Group comment In addition, the authors also point out a number of theories underpinning the group working process: Social learning theory, Piaget theory onconflictresolution,Vygotsky'sgroupcooperationtheory,Newcognitivesciencetheory – teach each other Dick McCann and Charles Margerison identified nine elements of successful teamwork Hirokawa, also gives notes on the conditions for effective teamwork: Cooperation, Team Rules, Tension, Conflict, and Arguments Nguyen Thi Phuong Hoa, Nguyen Thi Oanh, Vu Le Hoa also pointed out the advantages of LVN skills: The group will create a driving force to promote the activeness of learners The agreement makes the learner's knowledge grasp deeper, know how to cooperate with you; creating conditions for individuals to integrate into the community and groups, motivating individuals to rise up; train learners to express problems coherently, to communicate, to behave and to be independent andself-directed Nguyen Thi Oanh mentioned the factors affecting the teamwork process: common goals, interaction between members, common rules, roles of members Nguyen Thi Kim Dung has also set requirements when allowing children to work in groups Organize and arrange working groups; assign tasks and time for group work; guide children in Vietnamese language skills; observe and supervise group activities; evaluate the results of groupwork 1.1.2 The study of activities exploring the surroundingenvironment Surrounding environment as a means of educating children and has long been of interest to educators around the world Educators know how to take advantage of the surrounding environment as a means of educating children Iohan Henrich Pextaloti emphasized the role of the surrounding environment for the development of intellectual capacity and the development of children's intellectual development and human existence Russian educators K D Usinxki, E I Tikheeva and E N Vodova emphasized the role of interaction with the environment, the child really developsonlyif and only when actively working in the environment According to J Piaget, the process of intellectual formation and development is the continuous formation of new structures on the basis of existing structures To achieve that development, the subject must conduct activities that interact with the surroundingenvironment Behaviorism theory: learning is occured by the impact and response of the external environment J Dewey - American philosopher and psychologist - believes that education is a process of growth through the reconstruction of experience Because the reconstruction of experience takes place through the constant interaction between the child and the environment L X Vygotsky said that Children's development is formed through the process of interacting with the surrounding environment The theory of knowledge construction through social interaction of L X Vygotsky emphasizes cultural and social factors for children's development Accordingly, adults must understand the cultural, social, and customary contexts where children are living, and provide experiences, guidance, and support for children in learning appropriate to the region of proximaldevelopment Research by Dr Miriam Stopard affirmed that children aged 4-6 need to practice skills explore the surrounding environment In the new preschool education program (2021), "Becoming familiar with the surroundings" is changed to "Exploring the surrounding environment" to match the current preschool education goals The process of organizing children to explore the surrounding environment is an active process Therefore, the organization of activities to explore the surrounding environment should be designed according to the structure of the activity The effect of exploring the surrounding environment is the development of children in both cognition and skills Hoang Thi Phuong, Nguyen Thi Xuan, Le Thi Ninh, Hoang Thi Oanh also have in-depth studies on activities of exploring the surrounding environment in preschool In their studies, the authors have shown the purpose, content, form, method and organization of activities to explore the surrounding environment for preschool children Studies also clearly show the significance of activities to explore the surrounding environment with comprehensive personality development for children 1.1.3 Studies on the education of teamwork skills through activities to explore thesurroundingenvironment According to Vugotsky, James Coleman, it is extremely important that teachers encourage children to support each other in activities and raise children's awareness in the process of discovery This gives children the opportunity to work on undeveloped skills that will be fostered when they work together Hoang Thi Phuong in the summary report of the ministerial-level research project, through the module "methods for children to explore the surrounding environment" The author has proposed a number of methods for effective learning, including the group activity method Group activities are also a form of group work In the process of group activities, there is always interaction, cooperation with you, and the coordination of group activities It is the cooperation and coordination of actions that bring about high efficiency in learning Le Thi Thu Hien also uses teamwork as a measure to help children develop the ability to negotiate According to the author: by working together children learn many new things from each other, their life experiences are multiplied rapidly Moreover, the discovery activity contains content that requires a group of young friends to regularly discuss with each other to solve the situations that occur during the activity Children's initiatives are accepted by you and added… a group of friends is also a favorable place for the emotional development of young children Together, children have the opportunity to sympathize with each other's joys and sorrows, comfort each other, so that the capacity for empathy, morality ismultiplied Nguyen Thi Nhu Mai: The ability to endure criticisms, oppositions, even denials, contributes to the formation of learners' ability to solve problems in life, to develop a spirit of cooperation and self-confidence Create conditions for learners to be friendly and closer to each other And this is also an opportunity for friendship to blossom Hoang Thi Mai believes that the form of teamwork and all members depend on each other to complete the task together, achieve the common goal set out in each activity of understandingt h e In general,from the researchs showed: there have been studies on teamwork skills, activities to explore the surrounding environment However, there has not been any in-depth research on the measure of teaching teamwork skills for 5-6 years old children through exploring the surrounding environment This described the urgency of the selected topic 1.2 Some basicconcepts 1.2.1 TeamworkSkills Skill:Skill is the effective application of accumulated knowledge to perform a certainaction corresponding to purpose and conditions of action Thus, skill is both an action technique and an individual's ability Teamwork: Teamwork is a process of collaborating with a group of people to achievea certain goal Teamwork means that individuals strive to cooperate, use their individual skills, and provide feedback despite interpersonal conflicts Teamwork skill: Teamwork skill is an interaction skill between team members toachieve certain work efficiency and develop the potential of all members 1.2.2 The activity of exploring the surrounding environmentis the activity ofdiscovering and discovering the nature and properties of things and phenomena, the interrelationships, the change and development of things and phenomena in the environment.surroundings 1.2.3 Educatinggroup work skills for preschool children: Skill education is group work for preschool children is a process of pedagogical impact with a purpose and plan of educators on children in order to form and develop the interaction between team members to effectively complete assigned tasks together and develop the potential of allmembers 1.2.4 Teamwork skills through exploring the surrounding environment: Groupwork skills through exploring the surrounding environment for preschoolers is the interaction between group members to complete tasks together effectively explore the surroundings and develop the potential of allmember Educating group work skills through activities to explore the group work skillsthrough activities to explore the surrounding environment for preschoolersTeachingteamwork skills through environmental exploration activities for preschool children is a process of purposeful, planned pedagogical impact of educators on children to form and develop interactions between team members to work together to effectively explore their surroundings and develop the potential of all members 1.3 Stages of developing teamwork skills of 5-6 years oldchildren From the above analysis, we believe that the stage of developing teamwork skills of5-6 year old children is divided into three main stages: The first stage: Determining the content of the experiential task; Second stage: Practice component skills; The third stage: Forming and developing teamworkskills 1.4 Environmental exploration activities inpreschool 1.4.1 The aim and The task of environmental exploration activities inpreschool Exploring the surrounding environment is an important activity in the education of preschool children, contributing positively to the comprehensive education, especially the education of intellectual, aesthetic and moral emotions virtue Help children have simple, accurate and necessary understanding of the things and phenomena around them, close to them Expand and enhance children's knowledge of the objective world form correct symbols of nearby objects and phenomena Contribute to the development and improvement of the senses, psychological processes, sensations, perception, thinking, language, memory F o r m i n g a n d d e v e l o p i n g c o g n i t i v e s k i l l s , s o c i a l s k i l l s T h i s i s c onsideredthe basic task of exploring the surrounding environment in particular and of the current preschool education program in general Educating children to have a positive attitude towards the surrounding environment Contributing to the development of aesthetic and moral feelings in children Help children have a civilized lifestyle in communication and activities, have a love for beauty and know how to create beauty Form in children positive emotions and accumulate life experiences Training and development of cognitive-psychological processes; Consolidate knowledge, expand children's understanding of the surrounding environment; Stimulate interest and develop children's curiosity about the surrounding environment 1.4.2 Content of activities to explore the surrounding environment inkindergarten The surrounding environment includes all elements of nature and society surrounding children, which are closely related to each other and directly affect children's life, existence and development The surrounding environment can be divided into natural environment and socialenvironment 1.4.3 Forms of organizing activities to explore the surrounding environment inpreschool:"Exploring the surrounding environment" lesson; Fun activities; Outdoor activities; Sightseeing activities; Laboractivities 1.4.4 The process of exploring the surrounding environment at preschool:determine thecontent; experience; comment;conlution 1.4.5 Activities to explore the surrounding environment with the education ofteamwork skills for 5-6 years oldchildren Exploring the surrounding environment is an activity with many opportunities to form teamwork skills for children Working together as a team is seen as the glue for successful discovery However, in order to form teamwork skills for preschool children5-6years old through exploring the surrounding environment, it needs to be done regularly, continuously and with an appropriate formation process 1.5 Teamwork skills through activities to explore the surrounding environment of 5-6 years old children inpreschool 1.5.1 Demonstrating teamwork skills of 5-6-year-old children in activities to explorethe surroundingenvironment 1.5.1.1 Accept the task of the group: Listen, understand what others say; Exchange and assignment; Accept groupassignments 1.5.1.2 Performing tasks:Carrying out their work to the end; Seek help when needed; Help, share information; Help, shareexperiences 1.5.1.3 Conflict resolution: Speak coherentlyyour opinion; Agreements andconcessions; Seeking help fromothers 1.5.1.4 Finishwork 1.5.2 The development of teamwork skills throughactivitiesto explorethesurrounding environment of 5-6 years oldchildren Children - years old have paid more attention to their surroundings, children are rich in emotions, and relationships between other children have begun to form At this stage “child society” begins to appear especially in themed role-playing Children begin to have the need to play with you, to play side by side in games However, the group of young people at this stage is just an appearance, not really a form of teamwork Children - years old, the interaction between children and children has appeared Initially, children know how to exchange and agree with each other to perform common activities However, the group of young people at this stage is also very fragile and unsustainable Children - years old: At this stage, children establish relationships with each other more easily, especially in KPMTXQ activities containing common motives and interests, so children have a high need to work together Children have the ability to coordinate actions with you and cooperate with group members, know how to assign work, listen and defend their opinions, can organize groups to work together Teamwork is one of the necessary skills for workers in the new era and it is also a criterion to evaluate a person's comprehensive personality and 5-6 years old is the right age to teach Vietnamese skills Helping children succeed in life 1.6 Teaching teamwork skills for 5-6 years old children through activities to explorethe surroundingenvironment 1.6.1 Educationalgoals Educating group work skills for 5-6 years old children through activities to explore the surrounding environment to provide knowledge about the value of teamwork skills, composition skills, understanding how to organize, knowing training methods, practice manipulation, and know the requirements in the process of working in groups Forming positive attitudes and emotions for children in the process of working together to complete tasks Have high responsibility for the assigned work, know how to compare and adjust words and behaviors to correspond to certainstandards 1.6.2 Content of educating children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years oldthrough activities to explore the surroundingenvironment - Developing children's awareness of teamwork skills through exploring the surroundingenvironment - Forming and developing in children skills of teamwork through activitiesofexploring the surroundingenvironment - Educating children's attitudes and feelings towards teamwork skills through activities to explore the surroundingenvironment 1.6.3 The form of education in teamwork skills for 5-6 years old throughactivities to explore the surroundingenvironment Educating group work skills for 5-6 years old through activities to explore the surrounding environment is mainly done in the form of group activities The number of children in a group of to children interact with each other to form groups according to the common criteria of the group and come to solve the content and tasks included in the activities of exploring the surrounding environment 1.6.4 Methods of educating children on teamwork skills for5-6years oldthrough activities to explore the surrounding environment:Visual method; Group of methods of using words; Group of practice methods 1.6.5 Means of teaching teamwork skills for 5-6 years olds childrenthrough activities to explore the surrounding environment:Using literary works; Experiential activities; Educational situation; Themed Role PlayingGame 1.7 Factors affecting the teamwork skills of5-6year old children through exploring the surroundingenvironment - On the child side:Number of children in the group; The child's social experience; Children's language development; Interested in the group awarenesstask - On the teacher's side: Teacher's impact -Facilities: Space, time; Vehicle 1.8 Assessthelevelofteamworkskillsofpreschoolchildren5-6yearsold throughexploring the surrounding environmen:Level 1: Very low level (1.00 – 1.80 points) Level 2: Low level (1.81 – 2.60 points) Level 3: Moderate (2.61 – 3.40 points) Level 4: High level (3.41 – 4.20points) Level 5: Very High (4.21 – 5.00points) Chapter Conclusion Educating teamwork skills through activities to explore the surrounding environment for preschool children is a process ofpurposeful, planned pedagogical impact on children by educators to shape and develop interactions among groupof all members Activities to explore the surrounding environment are considered as a convenient means of educating group work skills for 5-6 years old children The characteristic of discovery activities is active group cooperation, forming problem-solving capacity Thus, the activity of exploring the surrounding environment is a favorable environment to practice and form the necessary skills forteamwork In the process of educating group work skills for 5-6 years old children through activities of exploring the surrounding environment, which is affected by different factors, there are factors on the part of children, factors on teachers and physical factors These factors are closely related to each other and greatly influence children's teamwork skills Teamwork skills of 5-6 years old children through activities of exploring the surrounding environment are expressed in the following aspects: Listening, understanding what others say, exchanging, assigning, accepting assignments group, carry out their work to the end, seek help when needed, help, share information, articulate one's opinions, agree, make concessions, seek the help of others , finishwork Goals, contents, forms, methods and means of teaching group work skills through activities of exploring the surrounding environment are clearly defined as a basis for surveying the current situation and developing educational measures Teamwork skills through activities to explore the surrounding environment for children CHAPTER 2: THE PRACTICAL BASIS OF EDUCATING CHILDREN ON TEAMWORK SKILLS FOR 5-6 YEARS OLD THROUGH THE ACTIVITIES OF EXPLORING THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT 2.1 A little about the surveyarea Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai and Hanoi have important geographical and natural positions In which, Ho Chi Minh and Dong Nai are two of the dynamic economic regions in our economyo In addition, there are cultural values that are heavily traditional and national in nature, marking the development history of our country Preschool education in all three areas above has made remarkable achievements, well implemented the current preschool education program, contributing to the comprehensive development of children However, due to a number of objective and subjective factors, preschool education today still faces certain difficulties 2.2 Carry out a survey of thesituation 2.2.1 Surveypurpose Find out and evaluate the reality of group work skills education for 5-6 years old children through activities to explore the surrounding environment at preschool, in two aspects: perception of teachers directly teaching and practice Educating children on teamwork skills through exploring the current surrounding environment Identify the advantages and disadvantages of teachers in the process of implementing teamwork skills education for 5-6 years old in preschool Assessing the current status of team working skills of 5-6 years old children through environmental explore activities at a preschool 2.2.2 Surveycontent Teachers' perception of teamwork skills education for 5-6 years olds through environmental discovering activities in preschool with aspects directly related to the research orientation of the topic, including including: awareness of team working skill and the role of team working skill in children's development; awareness of the level of use and influence of environmental discovery activities on the educational process of teamwork skills for children; awareness of typical manifestations of team working skill through discovering the environment; perception of the influence of different factors on the education of teamwork skills through discovering the environment of preschool children aged 5-6 years old atpreschool The current situation of teamwork skills education for 5-6 years old through the current environmental discovering activity in terms of frequency, time, content, form, measure and level of effectiveness; Advantages and disadvantages of teachers in teaching teamwork skills through environmental discovery activities for 5-6 years old in preschool; Level of teamwork skill through discovering the environment activity of5-6years old in preschool 2.2.3 Time of survey subjects:3/2017 –7/2017 2.2.4 Sample of surveysubjects -The survey sample is teacher: 150 kids teachers are teaching large kindergarten classes in some kindergartens in Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai province and Hanoi city - The survey sample is 5-6 years old children: The thesis selects 120 kids from 5-6 years old children from the above schools, have normal psycho-physiological development and are all taught according to the preschool education program in the context of impact is the same 2.2.5 Survey methods andtools Questionnaire survey method; Interview method; Observation method Building criteria and rating scale for team working skills through environmentaldiscovering activities for 5-6 years old:Criterion 1: Accept the task of the group; Criterion 2: Performing the group's tasks; Criterion 3: Resolve conflicts; Criterion 4: Finish the job 2.3 Survey results on the current situation of teamwork skills education for5-6years old through the activities of discovering theenvironment 2.3.1 Actual situation of teamwork skillsof5-6 years old preschool children throughactivities of exploring the surroundingenvironment 2.3.1.1 General assessment of the expression levels of teamwork skills of preschoolchildren 5-6 years old through activities to explore the surroundingenvironment The average score of the manifestations of teamwork skills in preschool children 5-6 years old that we give falls in the range of 3.2 to 3.43 This proves that the group working skills in activities of exploring the surrounding environment of preschool children aged 5-6 years old participating in the survey are at an average level 2.3.1.2 Specific manifestations of teamwork skills of 5-6 years old children throughactivities of exploring the surroundingenvironment *Expressions of skills in receiving group tasks of preschool children aged 5-6 yearsthrough activities of exploring the surrounding environment Analyzing the expressions of the criteria for receiving tasks, we found that only 30% of children often or always know how to listen and understand what others say; 26.6% of children can the exchange and assignment in the group and 30.8% of the children are ready to accept the assignment of the group Most children know how to listen, understand whatotherssayandknowhowtoexchangeassignmentsinthegroupbutnotoften (accounting for the highest percentage, 60% and 61.7% respectively) Up to 69.2% of children not often or never accept the group's assignment but as they please The average score of the expressions of teamwork skills in the criterion of receiving tasks is less than 3.41, showing that the ability to accept group tasks of a large number of children is only at an averagelevel * Manifestations of task performance skills of 5-6 years old children through activitiesof exploring the surrounding environment Table 2.3 Performing group tasks Performance level Expression mediums standard Never Rarely Occasionally often always core deviation Do your job 0.8 12.5 58.3 15.8 12.5 3.27 0.867 to the end Get help when 0.0 3.3 64.2 19.2 13.3 3.43 0.763 youneedit Help,s h a r 3.3 15.8 53.3 15.8 11.7 3.17 0.947 e information In the group's task performance criterion, the number of children who can perform the task, seek help when needed, and communicate with you is at an average - highlevel *Manifestations of conflict resolution skills through activities of exploring thesurrounding environment of 5-6 years old children Most children not know how to resolve conflicts during group work Nearly 80% of children not or very rarely speak out their wishes and aspirations, offer options for agreement, compromise or ask an adult to resolve after they have tried to resolve without success * Manifestations of task completion skills of 5-6 years old children through activitiesof exploring the surrounding environment Table 2.5 End of group work Performance level Expression mediums standard Never Rarely Occasionally often always core deviation Do your job 8.3 9.2 57.5 12.5 12.5 3.12 1.022 to the end The average score of the criteria that we give mainly falls in the range of 3.00 to 3.43 This proves that the teamwork skills in exploring the surrounding environment of 5-6 years old children in preschool are only at an average level 2.3.2 The reality of group work skills education for 5-6 year olds through activities to explore the surroundingenvironment 2.3.2.1 Teachers' awareness of the necessity of educating children on teamworkskills for 5-6 years old through activities to explore the surroundingenvironment Figure 2.1: Necessity of education on teamwork skills for 5-6-year-old children throughenvironmental exploration activities according to the assessment of preschool teachers \ Hồn tồn khơng cần thiếtKhơng cần thiết Bình thường Khá cần thiếtRất cần thiết Most of the surveyed teachers agreed that the education of group work skills for 5-6 year old children through activities to explore the surrounding environment is necessary at a high level (mean average = 4.38) However, it is interesting to note that the standard deviation of the answers is quite high (standard deviation = 0.864), which proves that there is a dispersion in the teachers'opinions 2.3.2.2 Teachers' perceptions of group work skills education for 5-6 yearsoldsthrough exploring the surroundingenvironment Table 2.7: Teachers' perception of teamwork skills Opinion Choice Opinion Choice Frequency Frequency Frequency( Frequency( %) %) Gather some individuals into a group and work together on a 19 12.7 common task Individuals form separate groups, discuss together, discuss, and 31 20.6 assign each group member to complete work Interaction skills among team members to promote work 42 28 efficiency and develop the potential of all members Individuals gather in groups, together perform a common task, 58 38.7 towards a common goal and solve problems arising in the process of working Total 150 100 The data from Table 2.7 show that: 38.7% of teachers believe that teamwork skills are individuals gathering into groups, performing a common task together, aiming for a common goal and solving problems that arise In working process From that, it can be concluded that teachers' awareness of children's LVN skills is not really comprehensive, profound and reflects its truenature 2.3.2.3 The reality of the activities preschool teachers conduct to educate group work skills for 5-6 years oldchildren Table 2.8 Activities are mainly used to educate children on teamwork skills for 56 years old Selection Activity Selection Activity Frequency Frequency (%) Frequency Frequency (%) Fun activities 90 60 Learning activities(through exploring surroundings) 44 29.3 Labor activities 12 Daily life mode 2.7 150 100.0 Total 2.3.2.4 The current situation of preschool teachers teaching teamwork skills to5-6year olds through exploring the surroundingenvironment * Frequency of conducting group work skills education for 5-6 year olds through activitiesto explore the surrounding environment We can conclude that teachers often teach group work skills through exploring the surrounding environment at an average level (mean average = 3.05), or in other words, sometimes teachers Currently educating teamwork skills through exploring the surrounding environment and the dispersion of points in giving this opinion (standard deviation = 1,070) This proves that there is no similarity in the perception of teachers about regularly implementing group work skills education through activities of exploring the surrounding environment * Time to educate children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years old through activities toexplore the surrounding environment 3.5 2.5 1.5 0.5 Vào đầu hoạt động Vào hoạt động Vào cuối hoạtTừ đầu đến cuối độnghoạt động The results of a survey of teachers about when to teach children teamwork skills through activities to explore the surrounding environment are shown in Table 2.10 and Figure 2.2 Analyzing the data in the table, we found that the surveyed teachers agreed on the time when teaching children teamwork skills through exploring the surrounding environment in the middle of the activity at the highest level (average score = 3.39) and from start to finish performed at the lowest level (mean score = 2.81) The standard deviations of the mean scores ranged from 0.979 to 1.047 The range of this standard deviation shows that the teachers' opinions about when to teach children teamwork skills through exploring the surrounding environment not have similarities * Select the content of activities to explore the surrounding environment to teachteamwork skills for 5-6 years old children Table 2.11 Select the content of activities to explore the surrounding environment to teach teamwork skills for 5-6 year olds Performance (%) Content Never Rarely Occasionally Quiteoft Very Mean standard score deviation en often Preschool 8.0 8.0 38.0 39.3 6.7 3.29 0.992 Self 15.3 18.7 43.3 20.0 2.7 2.76 1.028 Family 4.7 8.7 44.7 32.7 9.3 3.33 0.932 Plant world 6.7 4.7 39.3 42.7 6.7 3.38 0.932 Animalworl d 8.7 4.0 32.7 44.0 10.7 3.44 1.033 Traffic 0.0 8.0 36.0 52.7 3.3 3.51 0.693 Water and naturalphen omena 3.3 5.3 34.0 34.7 22.7 3.68 0.992 Homeland,C apital, Uncle Ho and 4.0 4.0 32.7 33.3 26.0 3.73 1.021 Primary school 3.3 9.3 42.7 30.0 14.7 3.45 0.0966 Job 6.0 7.3 30.7 37.3 18.7 3.55 1.065 The standard deviation of the mean scores is quite high, ranging from 0.932 to 1,065, demonstrating the assessment of the level of implementation of group work skills education for children in the contents of activities to explore the surrounding environment There is no concentration of teachers around (except for the content of Water and Natural Phenomena which has the lowest standard deviation (0.693) * Forms of educating children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years old through activities toexplore the surrounding environment Table 2.12 Forms of educating children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years old through activities to explore the surrounding environment Performance level Form Never Rarely Occasionally Quiteof Very Mean standard score deviation ten often Build into separate theme 24.0 17.3 40.7 12.7 4.0 2.55 1.115 Build an integrated case of group work skills education for children 3.3 4.7 29.3 34.0 28.7 3.80 1.017 Develop an educational plan through outdoor activities, walking, sightseeing 5.3 7.3 31.3 38.0 18.0 3.56 1.039 Develop an educational plan through activities in the corners 4.0 8.0 35.3 36.0 16.7 3.53 0.994 Build an educational plan through integrated activities during holidays and festivals 4.7 8.7 28.7 36.7 21.3 3.61 1.060 We found that teachers who use the form of Integrated Case Building to educate children on teamwork skills through exploring the surrounding environment have the highest average score (mean score = 3.80) In contrast, teachers who used the form of Building into a separate topic to educate children on teamwork skills through activities to explore the surrounding environment achieved the lowest average score (mean average = 2.55) In addition, with the standard deviation ranging from 0.994 to 111.5, it proves that teachers not have a consensus on the use of the forms we mentioned to educate children on teamwork skills through communication through exploring theenvironment 2.3.2.5 Actual situation of facilities, facilities and educational environment to meet group work skills for 5-6 years old children through activities of exploring the surrounding environment atpreschool Table 2.13 The level of responsiveness of facilities, facilities and educational environment in the school for group work skills education for 5-6 years olds through exploring the surrounding environment The level of response Low Medium High Very Very Meansco standard re deviation low high Area, campus, garden 3.3 13.3 54.7 28.7 0.0 3.09 741 Classroom (area,ventilati on, ) 4.7 14 52.7 27.3 1.3 3.07 741 Equipment, utensils, toys 4.7 19.3 48.7 27.3 0.0 2.99 741 According to the survey results on the issue of facilities, facilities serving the education of teamwork skills through exploring the surrounding environment in preschools are responding at an average level In which, area, campus, garden are the factors that meet the highest level with the average score = 3.09 Equipment, utensils and toys have the lowest average score of2.99 2.3.2.6 Actual situation of measures to educate group working skills for5-6years old children through activities to explore the surrounding environment atpreschool Analyzing the data, we found that the mean scores ranged from 3.11 to 3.77 The highest average score belongs to the measure of Building a favorable environment, forming children's attitude of willingness to work in groups The lowest average score is on the measure of Designing activities to explore the surrounding environment, stimulating the need for children's teamwork This proves that teachers agree with the methods of teaching grammar skills at an average level than However, it is worth noting that the standard deviation of the mean is quite high (standard deviation ranges from 0.876-1.172), which shows the disagreement in the opinions of the teachers on the measures that we mentioned * Effectiveness of measures to educate children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years oldthrough activities to explore the surrounding environment Table 2.15 Effectiveness of measures to educate children on teamwork skills for 5-6 years old through activities to explore the surrounding environment Performance level Mean standard Solution Poor Weak Pretty medium Good score deviation Building a favorable environment, formingaready mentalityfor children to workin 4.7 9.3 31.3 36.7 18.0 3.54 1.040 groups Design activities to explore the surrounding environment, stimulate children's need for teamwork 12.0 14.7 40.7 26.0 6.7 3.01 1.078 Organize activities to explore the surrounding environment in the direction of hands-on experience 14.7 19.3 33.3 26.7 6.0 2.90 1.134 Encourage positive behaviors that demonstrate teamwork skills 14.7 15.3 32.7 32.7 4.7 2.97 1.123 Assess children's teamwork skills and guide them to self-assess the results of group workskills 15.3 25.3 33.3 24.7 1.3 2.71 1.045 2.3.2.8 Actual situation of factors affecting the education of teamwork skills for 5-6 years old children through activities of exploring the surrounding environment Figure 2.3: Factors affecting the education of teamwork skills for 5-6-year-old children through exploring the surrounding environment at preschools 2.4 General assessment of the situation 2.4.1 Advantages Most of the schools we surveyed are interested in teaching teamwork skills for children right from the preschool age Teamwork skills education for children is integrated and integrated through fun and learning activities, including an environmental discovery activity Most teachers at kids have realized how important it is to teach teamwork skills for 5-6 years old through discovering the environment Most of the children participate in group work activities under the guidance of theteacher 2.4.2 Disadvantages There is still a small part of teachers who are not aware of the importance of teaching teamwork skills for children right from the preschool level Therefore, there are still many teachers who rarely or never conduct teamwork skills education through discovering the environment The teacher's choice of measures has shown the teacher's insufficient attention to the expressions of team working skills of 5-6 years old children through the activity of discovering the environment The survey results showed that 5-6 years old children showed basic expressions of team working skill However, the manifestations are concentrated in a small number of children, not uniform on all children Most of the children have moderate to below average team skills through exploring the environment As a result, the children's teamwork skills are uneven and unsustainable, affecting the final results of theactivity 2.4.3 The cause of thesituation Currently, the issue of educating children on social skills, including teamwork skills for children, has been paid attention to and implemented at the preschool level, but there is still no consensus and proper investment The second reason may be that our preschool teacher training program has not emphasized the issue of educating children about teamwork skills when children play in groups The third reason is from teachers - a factor that research has confirmed has a great influence on the organization of activities and education of teamwork skills for children In fact, some teachers have not really paid attention to the education of teamwork skills Chapter Conclusion All teachers are aware of the importance of teaching teamwork skills for 5-6 year old children in many different aspects Being aware of the role and meaning of group work skills education in children is a condition that motivates teachers to be realistic and concretize in the design and construction of activities to explore the surrounding environment, and as educational measures However, through the survey, most teachers not understand enough and correctly about teamwork skills, as well as the awareness of children's expression of teamwork skills through exploring the surrounding environment, so when organizing Activities often focus on knowledge but not know how to teach teamwork skills Since then, there have been no appropriate impact measures, so it has not been directed to the development of component skills of teamwork skills, leading to the result that the level of children's teamwork skills is not uniform and nothigh Kindergarten children - years old have shown certain team working skills in the process of participating in environmental discovering activities however,thesemanifestations are not synchronous andsustainable In the process of teaching teamwork skills through environmental discovering activities for children teachers encounter some difficulties, mainly the difficulties of the large number of children and the selection and search for educational methods Teamwork skills education forchildren ... teamwork skills for 5- 6 years old through activities toexplore the surrounding environment 3 .5 2 .5 1 .5 0 .5 Vào đầu hoạt động Vào hoạt động Vào cuối hoạtTừ đầu đến cuối độnghoạt động The results... core deviation Do your job 0.8 12 .5 58.3 15. 8 12 .5 3.27 0. 867 to the end Get help when 0.0 3.3 64 .2 19.2 13.3 3.43 0. 763 youneedit Help,s h a r 3.3 15. 8 53 .3 15. 8 11.7 3.17 0.947 e information... school 3.3 9.3 42.7 30.0 14.7 3. 45 0.0 966 Job 6. 0 7.3 30.7 37.3 18.7 3 .55 1.0 65 The standard deviation of the mean scores is quite high, ranging from 0.932 to 1,0 65 , demonstrating the assessment