CCi S6 KY THUAT HA TANG • NANG LUdNG • MOI TRI/dNG NHQNG VAN D I AN TOAN S I N H THAI TRONG D | S O N G CUA NHAN DAN NGA LTS: Cac chuyen gia ciia Li6n hiep qu6c da canh bao v l si/ nguy hiem cua cac chat gay ung thi/, nhufng chM khoa hoc mi3i chi biit 5%, bilt mot phin 12% va khong bilt la 83% Vi thi vin de an toan hoa hoc, an toan ve 3b an thifc uSng, h^ng h6a doc hai cho sijfc khoe khong chi la vin d l rieng nUdc Nga ma la van d l ciia ca th§ gidi va dac biet la doi vdi ViSt Nam Bai vilt di/di day se cung cap cho d6c gia mgt each nhin toan dien v l vin de Trong cuIn sach "An toan hda hoc - Vin d i thuoc lien nganh" G.G.Ogrishenko da thong bao ring nhiing chi phi v i san pham hoa hoc se vi/dt troi nhi/ng chi phi tren thj tri/dng cac giao tiip tren mang va se dat 2000 ty USD mot nam vao nam 2012 - tai lifdng hda chit dSc hai dii vdi nhan dan (nhi/tac dong doc hai ciia cac yiu t i vat ly) se chi tSng them Va ddi vdi cac cd quan nha ni/dc Nga cin phai dat nhiilig yeu clu hoan toan khac v i hieu qua hoat dong cua cac cd quan Niu cac bac cha me khdng h i lam trdn dUdc nghia vu cua minh thi hp se mit quyin lam cha me fl day dang ndi v i khdng phai mot dufa tre, ma v i sufc khde cda ca mot dan tpc Xin gidi thieu vdl ban dQC bai bad de suy nghi, tham khao S ire khde eua ehung ta la ket qua khdng ehi eua tinh di truyin, n i p sdng, ma cdn eiia ea su lua chpn san pham ma chiing ta mua va tieu diing, va ke ca eae dilu kien dd ehung ta dang sdng Cac chuyen gia ciia to chirc y t l t h i gidi (WHO) eho ring tinh trang sue khoe cua eon ngudi, theo eac quan diem hien dai, dupe xae dinh bdi nip sdng ca nhan bing 50%, tinh di truyin bing 20%, cac diiu kien mdi trudng ben ngoai bing 20% va cdng tac eua eac thiy thudc bing 10% Muc tieu eiia n i p sdng khoe, theo kiln giai eiia WHO - giam su rui ro phat trien benh nang hoac ehet sdm Va ban chit eiia chi'nh khai niem "nip sdng khoe" dupe kiln giai nhu "nip sdng, giiip chung ta tan hudng tdt dp nhieu phuong tien ciia eude sdng" Khdng phai t i t ea mpi benh tat d i u ed the phdng ngi/a Tuy nhien benh tim mach va ung thu phoi true tilp phu thude vao n i p sdng eiia eon ngudi Thdi gian cae biln doi can ban va eae eude each mang da qua di lau rdi, nhung tuoi thp eiia mpi ngudi dang tiep tue bj rut ngin NghTala nguyen nhan giam tuoi thp khdng ehi va khdng h i n d ehd nhufng eang thing thin kinh nhu ngudi ta da Ude doan vao d i u nht/ng nam 1990, ma d eae y l u td khac, ehu y l u sd dd, theo y niem eiia chiing tdi, la sutran ngap eae hang hda kem pham c h i t va cd hai ddi vdi sijre khde trude su lam ngo cua cae nha e l m quyln Van d l NGl/dl XAY Dl/NG SO THANG 8&9 • 2012 N G U Y E N LY T I N H Cac hda chat dUOc bay bin tu tren thi trudng da dupe d l cap d i n nhilu buoi phat truyen hinh, eae trang tap ehi va bao, eae chuyen luan, ma ty le nht/ng hang hda dpc hai cho siic khoe tong san pham tieu diing dang tilp tue gia tang, b i t d i u ti/ nam 1992 Theo cae ket qua nghien curu, ljch si/sau chiln tranh d Lien xd cu, mijrc tdi da cua tuoi thg trung binh toan Lien bang tinh d i n eudi nhi/ng nam 1960 (64,6 tuoi ddi vdi dan dng vao cac nam 1964 - 1965 va 73,54 ddi vdi dan ba vao nhiJng nam 1967 - 1968) T i l p theo dd, tham chi din d i u nhi/ng nam 1980, tuoi thp trung binh da giam xudng va nht/ng nam 1983 - 1984 la 62,0 tuoi ddi vdi dan dng va 73,31 ddi vdi dan ba Su giam ehi tieu tuoi thp trung binh d Nga co xu the dai han, dieu dd eho thay tinh tat yeu phai di tim nhtrng nguyen ngan khae hon la nht/ng eang thing t h i n kinh va nhumg cupc cai each cua nht/ng nam 1990 su ly giai mufC gia tang ty le ehet va m i c benh nhan dan Theo phan loai cua Lien hiep qude (LHQ) nhan dan eiia qude gia dupe xem la gia nua nlu ty le nhumg ngudi lijra tuoi 65 trd len chilm tren 7% dan sd qude gia dd Ngay 12,9% nhan dan Nga n i m lufa tuoi ndi tren Cae chuyen gia cho ring 32,2% ty le tif vong ciia dan dng va_23,6% ty le tCr vong cua dan ba dang le ed the phdng ngira tron^ qua trinh tiln trien eiia cae bien cd Theo y kien ciJa hp, cac nguyen nhan cua ty le tCr vong "du thi/a" vao nhi/ng nam 1990 cd the la: Ty le tir vong lien quan d i n su md rpng dot ngdt ban rucru vdi gia phai chang ddng thdi ddi vdl NHQNG VAN D E A N T O A N S I N H THAI su xudng cap dot ngdt v l c h i t lupmg rudu Su gia tang ty le tir vong cae nguyen nhan khdng duoc phdng ngi/a, ehit tre thuc t l benh ly thdng thudng - ehdng td viee eham sde y t l , phdng benh va chit lUdng chi/a benh xudng d p dang ke "Ty le tijr vong giam dot ngdt mi/e sdng eiia nhan dan Nhi/ng bae sT chuyen nghiep (nha nghl) ndi ring, de khdi benh c i n eht/a khdng phai cac hau qua, ma nguyen nhan Tac ddng tieu cue eiia eac hda chit sir dung cdng nghiep va sinh hoat ddi vdi sire khde eon ngudi da dupc nghien edu vai chue nam Theo k i t luan eua phan Idn cac chuyen gia, b i t ky hpp chit hoae ehit hda hpe nao nhi/ng d i l u kien n h i t djnh diu ed the tae dpng dpc hai ddi vdi si/e khde ngudi Theo cac sd lieu eiia LHQ, tren t h i gidi hang nam san xuit g i n too nghin eae hda c h i t khae Cudi nhi/ng nam 1990, tren Cd sd eae sd lieu Chemical Abstract Services, da cd nht/ng tai lieu ciia h i u nhu trieu hpp chit hda hpe dupe dua vao mdi trudng sdng eiia ngudi Trong sd luong Idn dd it nhat 63 nghin hop chit dUdc sir dung rdng rai cac ITnh vuc ddi sdng khae va thudng xuyen dupfc mpi n^udi sir dung Mot p h i n sd (khoang nghin) la nht/ng ehit gay ung thu Theo danh gia ciia eac chuyen gia LHQ dupfe trinh bay tai hdi nghi t h i gidi d Rio-de-Janero, toan bd khdi lupmg thdng tin khong Id v l sunguy hiem eua eac chat gay ung thu, khoa hoc biit dich xac 5%, biet mdt phin 12% va khdng biit 83% Vi vay chung ta duong d i u vdi cae c h i t mdi thi thdng tin v l su nguy hiem cua ehung noi chung la khdng ed Mpi ngudi d i u bilt nhilu thi du nhu mdt c h i t ban d i u cho ring khdng dpc hai l i m nhung sau dd lai hda r i t nguy hiem Cac chuyen gia thi/a nhan ring d i n tan hdm hp khdng cd nhufng phuong phap tin cay v l xac djnh mdt each linh hoat mire dp nguy hiem cua cae hda chit mdi Mpt vai su nguy hiem dupe phat hien sau nhilu thap ky Hp eung bilt eang it hdn v l mdi nguy hiem eiia su tae dpng phdi hdp d i n eo the eon ngudi ciia cac hdn hpp nhumg hda chit - hien ehua the thdng ke dupe su tac ddng tong hop eiia eae hda ehat nhap vao co the eon ngudi ket qua sir dung cae hda pham khac nhau, tinh ddi khang eua ehung eung nhu su tudng tae cua ehung Odng thdi eon ngudi thudng ehju tae dpng mpt liic eiia nhieu ehat d nhiem, ca vdi eac lilu lupng nhd dang diln ra, nhieu trudng hop khoa hpe v i n ehua bilt d i n Them vao dd da khdng nghien eiru, khdng ehi tae ddng dpc hai eiia phin Idn eac chit hda hpe d i n si/e khde ngudi, ma ea eae phan dng.ma cae ehit dd tao qua trinh eon ngudi tieu diing ehung va lien he vdi dilu dd la su nhilm doe tong hpp C i n thi/a nhan rang nha nude thdng qua eac cd quan kiem tra ciia minh ehua bao ve sue khde eua chiing ta mdt each d i y du ti/ su tieu diing san pham dpc hai Khdng ed gi_ bi mat la nhilu gily phep cd the mua dupe mdt each ddn gian, ea d i l u dd lien quan d i n san xuit va ban eac hang hda dpe hai Cung ed the li/a ddi eac co quan nha nudc - nhan dupc gily phep san x u l l hoac ban cac hang hda eo c h i t lupng hdn, nhung tren thue t l - d i l u kien eae eoquan kierri tra "ngdi khdng", ngudi ta san xuat va tieu thu san pham re hdn, nhung doe hai hon eho si/e khoe eiia ngudi Odng thdi, cd le la khdng d mdt nudc phat trien nao tren t h i gidi cd dUdc cac dam bao tuyet ddi ring mpi ngudi se mua dupc hang hda an toan cho site khoe ciia hp Thuc t l la ben canh su hoat ddng khdng hieu qua cua cae cd quan kiem tra (nhan hdi Id, lam ngd, khdng du tham quyln) dang diln cac y l u td hoan toan "khach quan" su Ipt thj trudng nht/ng hang hda dpc hai ddi vdi sire khde Khoa hpe thdng thudng cd the eho nhi/ng danh gia ehinh xae horn ve su dpe hai cua mpt hang hda mdi nao dd chi tren ed sd tieh luy dupe eac su kien sir dung nd va anh hudng d i n ed the eon ngudi Thinh thd chiing ta nhdng ngudi tieu dung muc nio iai trd thinh "vat thi nghiem" eua nhdng nhi nghien edu - ehinh li tren ca sd cac chi tieu vi siic khoe cua chung ta xiu di da lim nen eae kit luan vi su doc hai cua hing hda niy hoac hing hoa khac C i n luu y ring mac d i u ed nhieu bd cao ve van de tren, cang nhieu hon cae trang bao eae tap ehi nganh va cac sach giao khoa dupc cdng bd nhim mue dich md ta eae uu viet eiia edng nghe san xuit khae eae hang hda dde hai ddi vdi si/e khde ngudi Nhumg quy luat kinh doanh la nhu vay dd - e i n phai tang bdc hang hda ciia minh, phdi bay eac uu viet ciia nd va khdng mpt Idi nao ndi v l cae nhupc diem Hang hda dd ehle chin la mpi ngudi se mua Nham muc tieu gin giuf sire khde ciia minh, ngudi mua phai sang Ipe ky cae thdng tin quang eao Khdng thip vai trd quan trpng cua nha nude, bdi vi nha nude la su dam bao an toan eiia san pham eung e l p eho thj trudng Ciing phai thi/a nhan ring sire khde ciia mdi eon ngudi phan Idn phu thude vao chinh hp, ndi ehinh xae hdn - phu thude vao y l u td la chimg mue nao ngudi dd dugc thdng tin v l su an toan ciia san pham hoac khac va cd the dinh hudng dung d i n "gidi" cac hang hda dde hai va an toan eho sire khde cua eon ngudi dd Khdng phai ngau nhien d eae nude vdi n l n kinh t l thj trudng phat trien nhu Phap, Oufe, My , nhtrng edng trinh nghien eiru tuong tu - hoan toan khdng phai su kien giat gan, ma la tieu chuan sdng, la phin t i t y l u eua tuoi thp cao hdn so vdi d nudc Nga Chinh vi vay d cae nude dd cd r i t nhilu xuit ban pham giao due khoa hpe thdng girl d i n cac khach hang va NGl/dl XAY Dl/NG SO THANG & • 2012 N N Q N G V A N P g A N T O A N S I N H THAI phin Idn dupfc ehuan bj vdi su hd trd tai chinh ciia eac cd quan nha nudc tUdng t/ng Do dd, cac khach hang Nga ca nht/ng ngudi khdng phai nhi/ng nha hda hpe, sinh hpe, ky su, bac sT va nhirng ngudi lam eae cdng tae chuyen mdn khac, dilu kien thilu hoac khdng cd hoan toan eae xuit ban pham giao due eae eoquan nha nude soan thao - e i n phai ehii ddng djnh ky he thdng hda nhumg thdng tin xuat hien tan man de ap dung nd thue t l hang ciia minh de mua cac hang hda hoac khac nham bao ve si/e khde ciia minh va nht/ng ngudi than Mdt cac xuit ban pham dd la quyen saeh "Cac hang hda dde hai ddi vdi sure khde" Trong quyen saeh ndi tren da xem xet t i t ea eac nhdm hang hda ma hang ngudi dan Nga dang sir dung T i t ea nhi/ng hang hda dd ed the trd nguyen nhan ciia eae benh tat eiia nhan dan va tham chi chit sdm Nhilu thdng tin da thu thap v l su dpc hai cua Fluo (F), cae hang hda ehua Clo hda chit sinh hoat, su dpe hai ciia s u c h o them eac chit vao thuc pham Trong b i t ky keo cao su, nudc udng cd ga, cac dd udng cho ngudi an kieng khdng ed Calo, mdt sd thue pham cho cac ngudi dai thao dudng, chit thay dudng, keo bae ha, nude xdt ea ehua, mi/t, st/a chua dae, eac vitamin cho tre va eac loai thudc CO the chira chit lam ngpt horn bing biln ddi gien Chit tao them cho eae san pham nht/ng tinh chit an kieng va ealori thip Thdi ky d i u chit khdng dUdc phep sir dung eac thue pham ea d My Sau dd da cho phep nhung vdi giao udc: khdng dupc eho vao thufc an ciia tre em, va eac chit Idng Va sau dd don gian la da cho phep Va hien chit ndi tren cd mat d tren 50% cac thuc pham Odng thdi Bd Y t l My da ghi nhan nhi/ng ldi than philn v l thudng xuyen m i t tri giao d nht/ng ngudi sir dung d i u dan c h i t thay t h i dudng tren cd sd chat aspatam Od_ la chit nhit bang biln doi gien ed ky hieu: nhijfng trudng hop dupe ehdng tiiuc v l nguy hiem eho sde khde rit nhilu Chit aspatam, ea vdi nhtimg lilu lUdng khdng Idn, tac dpng d i n thai nhi deae dan ba cd mang gay nhiing chi/ng viem ben co ti/ cung Danh sach nhu'ng benh ma c h i t aspatam, gay la dang sp: khdi u nao, chi/ng xo citng, ddng kinh, benh Basedow, benh Parkinson, dai thao dudng, thieu nang tri tue, benh lao Cung gidng nhucac san pham thudc la va keo eao su, margarin eung dupc keo niu bing quang eao nhu mdt san pham c i n thiet an udng thay bd chi/a cholesterol Xet d i n margarin - san pham nhan tao - e i n ed hinh dung ro rang v l dp an toan va dpc hai eua no Oilu quan trpng la hieu rang margarin - dd la md nhan tao dupic e h l biln ti/ cae d i u thuc vat re tiln vdi mdt phin md ddng vat Trdn chung vdi nudc, niken va hydrogen va dun ndng tdl 200°C chiing ta dupe mdt khdi gidng chao dac, sau dd cho them pham nhudm (thuc pham) va dd an bo sung Od la cdng thde pha e h l margarin eho nha an, duoc cae xi nghiep keo banh va nhilu ba npi trp eho them vao banh nudng Nhi/ng nghien eiru da chi ring qua trinh san xuit, d i u thuc vat biln margarin rIn dd xuit hien cae chit chi/a acid beo khdng no Sir dung margarin thay bd ban d i u d i n d i n su met mdi, y l u , sau dd phat sinh cae benh nghiem trpng Cae chit neu tren cd the gay eac qua trinh benh ly cdthe, pha hiiy eae t l bao khde, tang cao cholesterol mau N l u khdng kiem soat khdi lupmg margarin sir dung ed the d i n d i n benh dai thao dudng Rui ro nhdi mau ed tim tang tdi 50% Trong quyen saeh "Nhu'ng hang hda dpc hai ddi vdi suic khde" da thu thap nhilu thdng tin bo ich v l su dpc hai cua bui ban nha, nht/ng phat xa dien tt/, nhtimg thude chijra benh v.v Tae N G i r d i XAY Dl/NG SO THANG & • 2012 gia da dua vao cac I n pham chuyen nghiep cd uy tin thupc khoa hpe v l hda, sinh, y t l va ke ca cae bao va tap ehi phd thong Nhumg nghien cufu eho phep dua ket luan ring dang tin tai cac v i n d l chung ciia nen khoa hpe t h i gidi, vi nhumg hang hda dde hai dupe dua vao thj trudng tieu thu Tuy nhien mute tac dong dde hai eiia eae hang hda tieu thu d Nga cao hem so vdi cac nudc phat trien, d i l u dd dUdc ly giai la tinh chit tieu cue eiia nln kinh t l Nga, te tham nhung cua co quan nha nudc, su khdng mong mudn giai quylt eae v i n d l quan trpng sdng cdn Tren eo sd nhung sd lieu hien ed, cd the ndi mpt each nhit quan ring edng tac bao ve sure khde d Nga dang nam b mi/e mpt nudc dang phat trien K i t qua la nudc Nga khac biet vdi cac nude phat trien tren thi gidi d chd ty le m i c benh va ty le td vong cao hon Hinh i vdng khep kin giam tuoi thp trung binii ehdng td nhtifng uu tien va CO e h l phat trien nln kinh ti khdng dat hieu qua, nhung ding thdi giam tilm nang phat then nin kinh t l tUdng lai, tao cac d i l u kien xuit phat khdng thuan ldi cho viee trien khai nhUng chuong trinh kinh t l - xa hpi mdi Su gia tang khdng kim noi ciia ty le cac hang hda dpc hai cho sifC khde tren thi trudng tieu diing thute t l dang d i n tdl mit an ninh qude gia va kinh t l eiia nudc Nga ti/ben trong, khdng ed nht/ng bieu hien khdng thien ehi rd rang tir phia cac nudc d i n d i u nln kinh t l t h i gidi, khdng tiln hanh nhiJng hoat dpng quan su bing cac loai vu khac va gieo rac thii djch git/a cae t i n g Idp xa hpi ben xa hdi Nht/ng hang hoa dpc hai ddi vdi si/e khde thuc t l dang ddng vai trd lam vu tieu diet eon rigudi V l khia canh dd, chi noi yi eac benh truyen nhilm vao dau nhumg nam 1990, giao su-ti^n sy y hpe lu.N.Bagaturev da luu y d i n dinh luat t h i he dang tac ddng anh hudng xa hpi loai ngudi; sau t h i he, bat ky dan toe nao d i u cd the bj thoai hda neu N H Q N G VAN B E sd ngudi khde manh se giam di mpt nira Khdng phdc tap de tinh toan, r i n g vdi nhiJfng nhjp dp dd d t h i he thir nht/ng ngudi manh khde ehi cdn lai 6,25%, cd nghTa la dan tdc bj thoai hda Xet t h i y ring sd lupng nhumg ngudi dm khdng phai cae benh truyin nhilm dang gia tang va ke ca phan tieh eae ket qua nghien cdu mpt tong hpp eae nganh khoa hpe khac nhau, ed the k i t luan ring sde khde ciia mpi ngudi dang bi hiiy hoai vdi su tieu diing cae hang hda dpe hai ma ngudi dan mua v l , trudc h i t dua tren tieu ehi re, "Mdc gia re ciia cae ndng pham hda hpe hda dUdc ly giai la nhd eae mdn nd chua tra lai thien nhien Nhi/ng mdn nd va nhu'ng p h i n tram ldi ti/e eiia chiing toan xa hdi phai tra bing ehinh sde khde ciia hp va tuong lai ciia chau hp" Nhilu I n pham da ndi v l ehinh sach dinh dudng lanh manh nhim giam thieu ty le dm dau va giam ty le tir vong nhan dan NhiJng kit qua nghien cdu cua cae chuyen gia y t l cho thiy viee eai thien siic khde nhan dan, thi du viec phdng ngi/a nhirng benh man tinh d li/a tuoi trudng se giam dang ke cac chi phi tt/ ngan saeh nha nude lien quan d i n hd trp y t l c i n thilt va d i n bii thiet hai kinh t l m i t kha nang lao dpng Viee thuc thi chinh sach dinh dudng lanh manh n i m su dam bao chinh saeh ndng_ nghiep ciia nudc Nga se thue day nang cao nang suit lao dpng nong nghiep va to hpp san xuit ndng nghiep ndi ehung, hoan thien he thdng phan phdi thu nhap, ddng thdi nha nudc thuc hien eae chuc nang khac nhu: - Hoan thien chit lupmg khau phin an udng ciia nhan dan khdng phu thude vao thu nhap Tien hanh eac bien phap y t l du phdng lien quan d i n dinh dudng - Hoaeh dinh va thuc hien eae ChUdng trinh nha nude ehii dprig can thiep ITnh vuc eung e l p nudi dudng nhi/ng nhdm dan cu nhit dinh Nhumg d l nghj dd da dupe AN TOAN SINH THAI mang ten khai niem "dinh dUdng saeh can dupe Bd Y te L.B Nga thich hpp" Trong nhi/ng nam 1990 khdi xudng va phan phat mien phi da xac djnh nhi/ng tiln d l ehinh eho nhan dan v l su hinh phuong hudng Khdng phu thudc vao hieu qua ndi tren eiia ehinh saeh ndng hoat dpnp eiia eae eo quan nha nghiep ehu y l u lien quan d i n su nude, mdi ngudi c i n ehii ddng thay doi tam trang eiia cae gidi djnh hudng t h i gidi hang e l m quyln theo hudng nhan thde hda mua sIm Hau qua ciia tae dupe mdi quan he chat ehe gida ddng dpe hai eiia eae chit hda khau phan an tdi uu, sde khde hpe va bdc xa dien tir la eae tre nhan dan va nhi/ng uu tien ciia em khdng ehi sinh dm yeu, ma chinh saeh ndng nghiep, vi vay su Chung cdn bj tac dpng ciia tai dien dat muc tieu tong the eiia lupng lau dai ciia cac y l u td hda ehinh sach ndng nghiep da bj thay ly nhilu hem so vdi nht/ng ngudi doi dang ke va hien trd nen gan Idn Vi vay nhiem vu trudc tien cua lien vdi van de dam bao cho nhan eac bac cha me la bao ve sde dan dii luong thuc theo cae tieu khde cho cae eon nhd cua hp chi v l khau phin tieu diing ehinh bing each tiem can ed tri Nhung v i n d l dinh dudng lanh tue ddi vdi viee sd dung cac hang manh ma can hieu rpng hda - eae san pham nudi dudng, hon so vdi viee ddn gian nhu su quin ao, dd choi, ban g h l v.v y truyin ba v l dinh dUdng theo nghTa eiia eac bien phap phdng khau phin bao gdm ea ehinh ngira ddi vdi cae tre em da dupe saeh tri eae nganh san xuit khang djnh b i n g cae sd lieu khac ve eac san pham dinh nghien ci/u khoa hpe: t i t ca cac dudng bo ich va an toan, ehinh tae dpng lam tang cilng nhu giam saeh khdng cho phep nhap khau tuoi thp d i u cd hieu luc dang ke d thuc pham e l m luu thdng, budn Ida tuoi thilu nien Do dd ban khdng dam bao dupc viee bao ve Viec dilu tilt thj trudng thue eon em minh khdi tac dpng dpc pham v l phin minh, la bo phin hai ciia cac hang hda sir dung khdng tach rdi ciia viec dilu tilt khac nhau, ddng thdi ciing cd thj trudng tieu diing ndi ehung, su nghTa chiing ta rut ngin tuoi thp an toan ciia t i t ca nhi/ng hang ciia ehung Va ddi vdi ea nudc ndi ehung, chinh nhi/ng y l u td dd se hda tieu diing C i n phai djnh hudng nhu c l u ddng vai trd quylt dinh bao ve xu tieu diing ddi vdi cac hang hda t h i giam tuoi thp trung binh ciia chit lupmg tdt hem Chung ta mua nhan dan tuong lai dai han cae hang hda kem ehit luong, dpc Khdng phai ngiu nhien quyen hai ddi vdi sde khde, khdng phai sach "Nhi/ng hang hda dde hai vi chiing ta khdng du tri tue, ma cho sde khde" trude hit giri d i n bdi vi thdng tin y l tinh dpc hai eua ngudi tieu diing dai chiing Viec Chung bi an gilu lua chpn mua sam anh hudng true Tai lai khdng bd eao thi tilp d i n chiing ta Va n l n tuyen mdt quyen sach khoa hoc kinh t l thi trudng, nhu eau tieu thdng cho nhan dan v l sdc dting - dd la dpng lue ehinh quylt khde theo cac d l tai nhu "Nht/ng djnh sd phan ciia san pham cd sd dinh dudng lanh manh", hoac san pham khae Va n l u "Cha me c i n biet d i l u gi ve hang trieu ngudi Nga cd the phdng cae benh tat eho di/a eon duong d i u vdi tac ddng tam ly ciia nhd ciia minh", "Oilu gi c i n phai quang cao va thdi khdng mua cae bilt v l eae benh tat" (bao gdm ca san pham dde hai cho sure khde, cae phUdng phap da dUdc phue thi chiing se vTnh v i i n biln m i t tra bdi thdi gian de ehi/a cac benh khdi cac quiy hang ciia cae cira tat khae nhau), "Lam t h i nao de hieu Od la bien phap ht/u hieu trd ngudi sdng lau", "Su ari manh hem ap luc ngan cam ti/ toan sinh thai eua nha d", "Ke phia chinh quyln ddi vdi cae loai hoach khao sat tinh trang dilu trj san pham dde hai • chufa benh" v.v Nht/ng quyen Theo Tap chi Hang li/ang (LB Nga) 2010 NGUdl XAY Dl/NG SO THANG 8&9 • 2012 ... dupc hang hda an toan cho site khoe ciia hp Thuc t l la ben canh su hoat ddng khdng hieu qua cua cae cd quan kiem tra (nhan hdi Id, lam ngd, khdng du tham quyln) dang diln cac y l u td hoan toan... nht/ng ngudi than Mdt cac xuit ban pham dd la quyen saeh "Cac hang hda dde hai ddi vdi sure khde" Trong quyen saeh ndi tren da xem xet t i t ea eac nhdm hang hda ma hang ngudi dan Nga dang sir dung... cholesterol Xet d i n margarin - san pham nhan tao - e i n ed hinh dung ro rang v l dp an toan va dpc hai eua no Oilu quan trpng la hieu rang margarin - dd la md nhan tao dupic e h l biln ti/ cae