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TAC DONG CUA HOAT DONG THLTONG MAI DEN QUAN HE TOC NGUdl KHMER CJ KHU VUC BIEN GIC5l TAY NAM BQ CUA VIET NAM NGUYEN T H U A N QUY* H oat ddng thuong mai bien gidi d cdc tinh Tiy Nam Bg nhflng ndm gin diy dat dugc nhilu thdnh tflu quan trgng Cung nhU cdc tdc ngfldi khdc, ngfldi Khmer khu vifc bign gidi Tay Nam Bd it nhieu chiu su tdc dpng eua cdc boat dpng kinh te' Trong pham vi khao sdt nhOftig hp Khmer sdng canh cac cfla khau Xd Xia, Tinh Bien, Binh Hiep, Dinh Ba cho thay: cdng dbng tdc ngUdi Khmer da thfeh nghi tdt vdi dieu kign kinh te' mdi thdng qua viee thay doi phUdng thfle lam an vugt ngodi cdc boat dgng kinh te' truyen thd'ng ciia tdc ngudi Sfl thay doi ndy cd t i e dpng de'n mdi quan he tde ngfldi tren nhilu phdcfng (Hen: ngdn ngfl, hon nhdn, kinh nghiem san xua't, ldm an, thdi dng nxi cua cdng dong Khmer khu vUc bien gidi Tay Nam Bg Theo sd Heu ciia Tong cue Thdng kd Viet Nam nam 2011, tong dien tfch cde tinh thupe Tay Nam Bp Id 40.548,2 km^, tdng dan sd la 17.330.900 ngUdi, dd cd khoang 1,4 trieu ddng bdo dan tpc thilu sd (ngUdi Khmer ddng nha't vdi hdn 1,3 trieu ngudi) Khu vUc cb tinh gidp bien gidi vdi Vudng qud'c Campuchia la Dong Thdp, Long An, An Giang, Kien Giang vdi 01 CLfa Khiu qud'c te' dfldng b i l n (Cang An Thdi - Phu qudc - Kien Giang), 06 ciia khau qud'c te' dfldng bp, 04 ciCa khau chinh vd 15 cda khau phu Ngt^cfi K h m e r t r o n g c a c hoat d $ i ^ k i n h te thi^cftig m a i of k h u viic bign gidfi Tay N a m B g Mdi quan he tdc ngfldi Khmer cdc tinh bien gidi Tay Nam Bd cd cac chieu ddi xdng: ddng tdc vd ngoai tpc, pham vi bign gidi vd nuyen bien gidi Nhin chung thdi gian qua, du xuat hign It nhieu sfl khdc biet dae trUng sinh hoat kinh te, van hba gifla cac tdc ngUdi nhung mdi quan he tgc ngfldi "ndi dia" diln hdi hba, dodn ket, binh ddng, gidp dd ciir^ phat trien gifla cac tpc ngudi Song song do, md'i quan he ddng tdc xuyen bidn gicfi d day diln tdt dep, dodn kg't, giup dd l i n Hoat dpng kinh te' truyen thdng cua ngfldi Khmer d cac tinh bign gidi Tdy Nam Bd chu yg'u la trpt, chdn nudi, mdt so nghe thii cbng vd lam thue, ldm mfldn So vdi cde tde ngfldi cung sinh sd'ng d ddy, nhung hoat dgng kinh te eua ngfldi Khmer it da dang, kem phong phu md chu ylu Id * Ths, Nguyen Thuan Quy*, TrUcing Dai hoc Dong Thdp Nguyen Thudn Quy - Tdc d^ng kinh t^ thuong mai din quan hi cic viec ldm truyin thd'ng cua cdng ddng vd cua gia dinh nen hg cd thu nh^p thap hon so vdi mat bang chtmg cua vimg Ciing nhU cdc tdc ngUdi khac, dUdi tac dgng cua n l n kinh te thi trddng, nhat la sfl thay dli kinh te vimg bign gidi nhiing nam g i n day dd tdc ddng den sfl thay dli boat ddng kinh t l cdng dong tdc ngddi Khmer 47 1.1 NgUcfi Khmer tkam gia buon bdn tgi cdc ch^ cvCa khdu, khu tkUdng m^ biin gi&i Qua ket qua khao sdt sU bidn dli ddi sdng kinh te cua 100 hd gia dinh Khmer sdng canh cdc cda k h i u Xd Xia (Kien Giang), Tinh Bien (An Giang), Binh Hiep (Long An), Dinh Bd (Ddng T h i p ) : cd 75/100 hd cd thay doi hoat ddng kinh te so vdi cich day ndm Nghia Id hg ed tham gia mdt cdc boat dpng kinh te ndu trgn 93/ 100 hd thfla nhdn boat ddng mua bin, trao doi quanh khu vUc hg d cd anh hudng dg'n ddi sd'ng cua hg, mdc du sd ndy cd 18 hd khbng tham gia boat dpng kinh te ndo ndu trgn ngodi kinh te truyin thb'ng ciia gia fflnh nhUng hg It nhilu cung bi dnh hfldng Su anh hfldng ndy da sd Id tich cflc: Hg tidp xuc dUde vdi nhieu ngddi d xa de'n ddy lam dn hdn; cdc mdt hdng gia dung, dn udng hang ngdy da dang, phong phu hdn; hg thay cugc sd'ng d vung ven bidn gidi nhdn nhip, tap nap hdn Tuy nhien, cung cd tac ddng tieu cflc de'n ddi sdng ciia hg nhfl: Cdc hdng qudn nhet md nhieu hcfn, hg sg anh hfldng den em cua minh; tinh trang v i n chuyin hdng liu ldm dnh hddng de'n gid gia'c nghi ngdi cua hp (nhu xe cd chay nhieu hdn, hdng hda t$p kg't vdo bull trUa hodc ddm khuya) Nhieu hp gia
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